I think the issue is using a generically named algorithm name versus using a persons name that the algorithm is named after could be a different story. In the example, Dijkstra is a surname, ycombinator is essentially just a made up name. So it could be conceivable that the estate or a living person could take issue (legal action) with you using their name. If I really wanted that name, I'd check with an attorney and probably get a release from the estate or living person to utilize their name in my company name, just to avoid any issues.
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[ 3.5 ms ] story [ 34.9 ms ] threadOh wait, never mind
http://tmsearch.uspto.gov
you should also check the state you live in. Secretary of state usually manages fictitious trade names
checking domain names is a good proxy also. if no one cared to buy xyz.com then they probably didn't trademark it, etc.