Ask HN: Should I sell out the startup that misled me?

142 points by nocash ↗ HN
Summary: Startup not paying wages or tax on employees, to claim unemployment benefit I have to report them.

Hi guys, I'd appreciate some outside perspective here.

I've been working with a startup for about two months as their CTO. Small team, three/four developers depending how you count. Handshake deal said moderate salary until series A but with equity.

I've been pushing and pushing for a contract stating the terms, but there always seemed to be something else the CEO had to do. However, I met the rest of the team and it all seemed legitimate.

Around the two month mark, I dug my heels in and said contract or I walk. Next day I have a meeting with the CEO and it comes out that there's no salaries being paid, people are working for equity. I explain that this isn't appropriate for my situation, to which the CEO responds with more work for me to do.

Obviously, I should walk away at this point (or ideally weeks before), but there are some twists:

1) The work that I produced for them is still mine, as no copyright transfer has been signed. They'll almost certainly be trying to sell this / bring it to investors.

2) It's not legal to work only for equity in my country, there's a minimum wage, and each employee has to be registered and tax paid on them to the government. I went to apply for unemployment assistance and was told that regardless of whether I was paid, I was considered employed, and thus had no entitlements. Furthermore, as I wasn't registered the company was not meeting its tax obligations in hiring me.

This brings me to the crux of my problem: If I want to claim unemployment benefit while I look for a real job, I must torpedo the old company. This is bad as it not only can hurt my reputation, it will negatively affect the co-workers who have previously worked for low wage and equity.

My feeling is to walk away and cut my losses, but I thought the community may have other suggestions.

Thanks for looking.

101 comments

[ 3.1 ms ] story [ 157 ms ] thread
No one wants to be the "bad guy", but blowing the whistle does not make you the bad guy. It prevents this company from screwing over countless people in the future.
I think your gut is correct in this case. You're likely not going to get much out of this other than stress, move on and chalk it up to a learning experience.
This type of reaction just reinforces bad behavior by the people leading these companies. They'll continue running a shady business and screwing people because they figure nobody will bother confronting them about it.
You should file for unemployment. You also should send them a letter formally requesting they pay the wages they owe you based on your verbal agreement regarding salary and equity. If you are uncertain how to phrase this letter, see an attorney that specializes in employment issues.
They're purposefully misleading you. Have no shame. Consult with a lawyer, then issue them an ultimatum: wages and taxes paid, or you'll rat them out and prevent them (via lawsuit if necessary) from using your IP. I bet they'll miraculously find money somewhere. Be sure to fix a deadline, otherwise they might just try to delay this forever. (IANAL)
The Lawyer is an absolute must at this point. Given that you're now aware of what's going on, it is entirely possible that you have legal responsibilities that you are not aware of to report or otherwise act on the information.Plus a lawyer should know how to phrase this kind of things so it isn't legally extortion/blackmail. (IANAL)

(fix minor phrasing error.)

Also, if there is anything officially linking you as an officer in the company (you state you were CTO), you could be held partly liable for the tax/wage fraud if you don't report it. (IANAL)

Even if that were not the case, I say report them. You'll be helping the other people in the company that you like by preventing the CEO from walking over them in the future (if the CEO would do it to another officer of the company, they would certainly do it to the rank and file). It will also set an example to other start-up founders not to screw over people they want to employ.

When I encountered clowns that ran companies like the post described, there's probably no money for back wages and taxes.

My guess is that the founder is three steps out of the poor house himself (or herself.)

I suspect this is the case.
Well, hopefully you're young a flexible enough that you can bounce back quickly after learning a valuable lesson.

A few years ago, I worked with a guy for 18 months without pay. I bounced back!

In our case, we didn't try to convince other people to work for us for free.

Now that I think I can read between the lines, give this guy (or gal) about a week to see the error in his ways. Make sure it is on friendly terms. For example, every day, continually engage him (or her) in discussions about the legal issues of employing other people.

If he does not see the error in his ways, torpedo him so that he can't accidentally screw people over like this again.

If he does see the error in his ways, you're going to have to take a personal hit yourself. Disband the company on amicable terms. If it's a good idea, and everybody owns most of the IP, you can get back together in a week or two and find a new leader.

It's almost certain the CEO is under major duress and has little cash. Most people are dishonest not because they like to be, but because they have their backs up against the wall.

1. Decide you are going to leave, be confident it's the right choice (it is)

2. Protect yourself, by understanding the legal implications with your own research or with a lawyer.

3. As the person in the position of power here (you are) have compassion.

4. Explain that you cannot stay, but you don't want to hurt them unnecessarily.

5.Make a plan for equity compensation, full rights to all of your work (at least for your own and further commercial use), while allowing them to use it under a license that doesn't blow up their lives.

6. Write your letter of recommendation for moving on to the next thing, and have it be clear that you finding job security is a necessary condition for things to proceed.

...Or, blow it all up, while trying to minimize the negative consequences for yourself. Which could be fair enough.

The CEO not having any cash is no excuse for breaking the law.
I'd like to up-vote this response harder.
> Most people are dishonest not because they like to be, but because they have their backs up against the wall.

This is not my personal experience.

> As the person in the position of power here (you are) have compassion.

He just got robbed of months of wages. Sure, he has the hand, but he's still undeniably the victim.

I'm all for compassion, and understanding but sometimes things are quite clear cut. I'm not arguing for vendetta, just reparation.

I'd agree with you... but a really good friend of mine was in exactly this situation and that company, pretty much on the day that he left, ended up selling for big money to a competitor. So, having learned the hard way (but not the hardest way, it could have been my ass on the line instead of my friends') I would go the lawyer route, just in case.
Think of it this way, "Do I want to be a C-level employee of a company I know is cheating tax"?
Chief Going To Jail Officer doesn't look so good on the ol' CV...
That's a terrifying perspective. Thank you.
do nothing about something that is wrong is evil itself, don't be like everyone else.
It sounds like the situation is well within the threshold of complexity that would benefit from an attorney. You might be able to consult for about 30 minutes and pay around $100 to clear up a lot of questions in a sticky situation like this.
If you really need the unemployment I would blow the whistle. Your livelihood is always more valuable than a reputation. I doubt your reputation will take a huge hit for reporting what sounds like a dishonest company.
>Your livelihood is always more valuable than a reputation.

I can't say I agree. There are plenty of instances where your short-term financial situation could be a whole lot less important than your long-term reputation within an industry.

I don't think asking your employer to pay you for your work is going to damage your long-term reputation in the industry.

I can only think of one person in the entire world who has damaged their reputation in the programming community enough for me to care.

Livelihood encompasses more than just financial. If it were just money most people could get by. The stress on a person and their family while job hunting, especially at the CTO level, can be pretty huge. I would much rather have some runway to find the gig I want rather worry about my reputation.
I get the impression that this is a young guy. CTO of a startup means something different than CTO of an established company.

Most likely, it's a bunch of recent college grads working on someone's pipe dream, but there's no real leadership that would translate to a company.

At the same time, any company that would look down on you for doing this is a shitty company.
A company that steals your time on the basis of a vague promise of payment that they have no intention of keeping? That is both illegal and immoral, all over the world. Yes, burn them to the ground.
A company that steals your time on the basis of a vague promise of payment that they have no intention of keeping? That is both illegal and immoral, all over the world. Yes, burn them to the ground.
Send them a formal letter reminding them that the Intellectual Property is yours. If they have any investors, you might want to copy them on that letter too.

Regarding the government compliance, I think it's safer to err on the side of the law than on the side of someone who is only promising future rewards, with no commitment on their part.

If you're in a different country than the company, it may be hard (and costly) to assert your rights, so keep that in mind: it's a liability for you to do too much for free. You're basicaly extending them a line of credit hoping to be paid back but with a non-certain process to recover your investment if they don't stay true to their word.

You have been scammed.

Leave immediately, take your IP, and don't even consider doing anything else until things are in writing and the backpay, etc are resolved.

I would go a step further and get the hell away from these guys. If they've scammed you, they've likely scammed others and/or will scam people again. This could be you again, customers, or your investors. You do NOT want to be part of a team that scams their investors.

Walk.

I hate to ask for an explanation here, but I can't find what IP means in this case.. Can you define?
Intellectual Property.
I guess he's referring to Intellectual Property, so the code probably.
This from OP: 1) The work that I produced for them is still mine, as no copyright transfer has been signed. They'll almost certainly be trying to sell this / bring it to investors.
Stop working. Consult lawyer. Seek alternate employment.
You're asking specific legal questions from people who don't even know where you live. Please please talk to a local lawyer. Initial consultation are often free and just because you talk to a lawyer doesn't mean you have to sue anyone.
I understand your point, but I think part of his question also involves advice from a business ethics, and a 'what would you do -- is this normal?,' perspective. I'm just saying I think it's a reasonable question before/while pursuing a lawyer
The only sensible advice here is "Consult a lawyer." And the reasonable question to ask is, "How/where do I find a good lawyer?"

The rest of this thread is basically noise.

(Also, don't ever start work without a contract dammit. That's the first sign to walk away.)

I really don't understand why this keeps coming up. In any other industry, the answer would be obvious: don't work for free.

What is it about software developers that makes them think there's even a question about this?

Nothing. I don't know a single programmer that works for free in Spain. Graphical designers, on the other hand, I've heard dozen of stories of them working for nothing "to assemble a portfolio" for big advertisement agencies, the kind that put ads in tv or in giant billboards.

Also anything art related: rich family fine arts graduates that work for peanuts in semi-public institutions to "make a name".

I totally agree, same in Italy and to an extent also in UK. I think webdevs used to be caught up in the same dynamics up to 10 years ago, and they've since wised up (all those "Fuck you, pay me" slides eventually must have had an impact); but I'm sure it still happens here and there.
I don't know why you assume the exact same thing doesn't happen in other industries.
run. if they get you options, you're gonna get diluted to hell anyway. if they get you equity, you gonna get ruined by taxes for something which may very well still be worth not enough in the end. it's probably not even worth litigating for those. but you can take your ip away and demand a contract for its transfer, which could at least recap some of your losses. whatever you decide, I'd suggest having a lawyer write out the details and not acting until the agreement is in writing.
You would do all the employees (and society) a favour by calling them out.
When in doubt, consult a lawyer.
When in doubt, consult a lawyer.
> Startup not paying wages or tax on employees, to claim unemployment benefit I have to report them.

They could be considering you as a contractor. Research the difference between contractor and employee. Depends on your working relationship with them.

EDIT: You can only be a contractor if they are actually paying you. If you are getting no money, not sure what that means.

>EDIT: You can only be a contractor if they are actually paying you. If you are getting no money, not sure what that means.

Breach of contract?

A lot hangs on this distinction in the law, but the guidelines for determining seem to strongly favour and employee interpretation. Definitely lawyer territory though.
Being a CTO and being a contractor seem like mutually exclusive conditions, at least where I'm from (California). It's not B&W entirely, but it's far more likely than not (at least here) that you should be an employee with that title.
> You can only be a contractor if they are actually paying you.

You can be a contractor if they've agreed to a legally-valid contract (which requires some kind of obligation of consideration, whether payment in money or something else), but they could fail to perform that obligation and you could still be a contractor (just as you could still be an employee if the company failed to pay wages), they'd just be in breach of their duty under the contract (whether its an employment contract or otherwise.)

I don't know what country you're working in; and what the general climate is, but here's my words of wisdom:

When I was involved in the startup scene in Silicon Valley, there were a lot of clowns who didn't understand what it means to run a company. They were charismatic; but at the end of the day, they didn't understand that they have to pay their employees in exchange for their labor. Often, these clowns assumed that things would work out in the end, and that hard work will always reward itself. They wanted everyone to make a sacrifice for their own dreams.

My opinion: I would have walked away at the two month mark. At day one, I would need to know that everyone under me is working for equity; because that changes the work dynamic significantly. The demands made on someone working for money are different than someone working for equity.

Furthermore, a tech startup is a for-profit venture, so you always need to do what's in your best interest, and your subordinates best interest. Ideally, you can torpedo the clowns enough so they can't pull this kind of stunt again; but it's also import to look out for the people working under you.

Definitely throw them under the bus, immediately.

No good can come from allowing criminals to go about their crimes without justice.

Perhaps you should name this company here, since this has made the front page of HN.

Consult a lawyer first. I'm not one, and am not a legal expert but such a statement sure sounds like potential defamation to me. Make sure you have proof to back up any statement you make.
I've been in a similar situation some years ago. My contract was not signed on time, and I started working some weeks before the contract date, with a "gentlemen's understanding". I was also owed back pay for consulting work done, plus reimbursement for office expenses, and travel expenses to fly to and from the company's other office across the world.

I kept asking for the reimbursement and back-pay promised earlier, some months later they just refused, and I was not paid. I was offered stock options (not even stock/equity) instead of money. That's when my team and I saw the crap going down and started preparing for the worst.

You need to have all your communication about this problem documented, including if possible the responses from the CEO and others.

You may need to consult an employment advisor or lawyer for advice, if your department of labour can't provide this to you. You need to be crystal clear about your situation and repercussions if you choose to torpedo this company.

If things are really as bad as you say they are, you don't need to be too worried about your reputation - I have been through this situation and it is not hard to manage. As for co-workers, I sympathise with their plight, but you need decide for yourself how much you value your career (or don't) by not taking action now. Also, your co-workers ought to be smart enough to see what's happening.

In my situation, I went and spoke to a government officer in our department of labour. She told me that I needed to engage a lawyer in my situation. Legal fees would have been greater than the money I was owed. In the end, I filed a police report for the record, with complete documentation on everything that happened and details of the compensation owed to me.

I lost a few thousand dollars, chalked it up to experience and moved on. The company's office in my country had to close, their hardware and other equipment was seized for non-payment of rent, and they wasted many times the money they could have just paid me to build a great product. As for the product, their launch was delayed 20-24 months but I believe they did get something out.

What's even more pitiful is that they had a few million in funds, were already cash-flow positive on a previous product, and could easily afford to pay what's due.

Bottom line - if the company is run by a money-grubbing skinflint with a tendency to shaft his employees, you have every right to do what's good for you.

Thanks for sharing your experience. I don't expect to see any of the back-pay, but as this is blocking unemployment benefits it's currently costing me. I think I'll follow your example unless a new job is hard to come by.
Sure, glad to share.

Keep everything professional, and unemotional. Document facts.

Whether or not a new job is hard to come by, you are in a toxic situation, and if you are anything like me, your physical and mental health is already being affected.

Even if there is an offer of compromise by the CEO, I would be very suspicious given his past history.

They didn't just "mislead you", their behavior is outright criminal.

If you don't report them more people will be victimized by their antics. So you have a moral duty to stop that from happening.