Ask HN: In what countries can you legally get a long term teleworking visa?

32 points by empath75 ↗ HN
My current job allows me to telework "from anywhere" (we have employees in several countries in Europe, as well as in asia and the middle east), but it seems like it's impossible to get info on whether it's legal to move to a country while teleworking with a company in the US. Is there a list of which countries allow this somewhere?

57 comments

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If I understand, you work for a US company remotely and are curious about moving to a new country that is not the US (regardless of where you live today). I am by no means an expert, but if you are permanently relocating I believe most Countries will require you to prove you have sufficient stable income (or wealth) to make reasonably certain you will not become a burden or nuisance. Depending on your current citizenship the requirements will vary, e.g. a UK citizen going to the US or Canada or vice versa is totally different then other Countries.

If it was me, I'd consult an immigration expert for the Countries I was thinking about going to, mostly because the requirements seem to have multiple ways they could be interpreted. I do have a few friends that do this, and each time they have told me they talk to immigration experts to figure it all out (generally an attorney). One has done it all himself from what I understand just by doing all the research etc, but that seems quite hard and potentially error prone.

So, you don't actually have an answer.
If you can tele-work from country A then I see no reason you cannot work from country B unless it is subject to US export control restrictions and your job deals with such matters. You/your lawyer may also want to look at any tax/banking/financial restrictions that the US may have placed on country B as it could affect salary reaching your account. Even more so if you are a US citizen.
"Failure to imagine existence of laws" is not usually a valid defense.
argentina, costa rica, peru, paraguay, mexico, malaysia, spain, austria and germany issue visas even if you don't have a local job

i'll be happy to answer more questions about argentina, paraguay and spain

I'd be interested in knowing more about Argentina, and Spain. How does one go about getting a permanent visa? Should I be well versed with Spanish?
spanish non lucrative visa (was a thing, not sure if it still is)
yes non lucrative visa in spain and rentista in argentina
There are a few coastal cities where apparently you can live your life 100% in English. You'll only have retired British people as neighbours though ;-)

In large cities like Madrid or Barcelona you shouldn't have issues either.

if you work remotely staying there short term (up to 6 months), it's not illegal
He specifically asked about long term so I'm sure he already knows about tourist visas. Also it heavily depends on the country. Some short-term visas only allow a 3 month stay not 6.
I think it is actually. It might not enforced, but if you are working in a country - even fully remotely - you have to abide by local laws and probably have a work visa.
You are asking for specific legal advice. You really really should talk to a lawyer (and maybe a tax accountant) and not the internet. Many lawyers offer free consultations.
Oh, come on. He's asking for a list of places that have a program for this sort of thing. He's hardly asking for "specific legal advice".
This thread is purely the result of him/her having decided to ask the internet. That's the entire premise of this conversation.
A pair of friends just moved to Paris to do just this. They had to travel to a French Embassy (Houston was closest) and prove they had a States-based job, and that they were financially secure. They're allowed to stay for one year, and then have the opportunity to re-up for one more.

I don't know of a master list, unfortunately.

Did they have to show they had X amount of savings in the bank?
Yeah, they had to show bank statements.
I don't think you are allowed to work if it's a tourist visa. It might be not enforced, but teleworking is still working.
There's a big difference between teleworking for a French company (i.e. taking a French job) and teleworking for an American company while staying in France.
This sounds more like a working holiday arrangement to me
This is how my wife & I moved to France, in 2006; we each got a "Titre de sejour", a 1-year, renewable, long-stay visitor visa.

It's not a regular tourist visa (and in fact if you're in France as a regular visitor/tourist you'll have to leave to apply for a titre de sejour). We needed to prove that we had housing arranged, means to support ourselves (savings plus income coming from outside of France... telework for companies in the US, in my case), and expat medical insurance.

Then we could stay for a year. We renewed this for 5 years and then were automatically upgraded to residence permits (with the right to work in France, actually).

--

Edit: somewhere along the way I was checking if some other European countries had similar options -- I remember it wasn't an option in most (it's not allowed in the UK. I think Germany wasn't okay either... forget where else I checked).

Ireland had some options around retiring in Ireland that seemed like they might apply for teleworkers, but I haven't checked into it properly yet.

This is highly dependent on your nationality. For example, if you're an EU citizen, you can work from wherever in the EU due to free movement of people laws.
It's all about the visa, and a lot of folks don't understand that working under the tourist variety is usually verboten.

Perhaps begin with countries in which you're interested in living and working, and see what sort they offer...

But nobody will know. Just don't blab.

The annoying thing is having to move to keep authorities happy.

You might try applying for the Spanish non lucrative visa. (Not sure if that one is still offered.)

And BTW, Americans who live outside the US can deduct nearly 100,000 from their earnings. It doesn't matter if you actually pay taxes to another country. Just make sure you aren't in the US for > 30 days in a year.

I live & roam in a camper in Europe. Pretty nice, except I miss the buzz of SF & SV.

My wife wants to take an extended vacation at the end of the year. Deducting 100k from my taxable income would more than pay for the trip. Do you have a source for your information? Not that I'm challenging it exactly but that seems to good to be true and frankly I think many people with means would be using it if that was the case. So any information that backs up what you're saying would be much appreciated.
I believe the parent means "make sure you are in the US for no more than 30 days in a year" not "leave the US for at least 30 days".
That would make a great deal more sense.
It's called the Foreign Earned Income Exemption, FEIE. You can find details on irs.gov. It's true and lots of people do use it.
Out of curiosity, do countries usually prohibit all work on a tourist visa, or is there some minimal amount allowed? For instance, suppose in the middle of a two week vacation you want to participate in a conference call with the office back home to resolve a business issue, or perhaps you want to respond to work email for a half hour each evening, or something like that.
The law hasn't caught up with technology. Just don't mention those things at passport control.
If you're seriously asking, you're misunderstanding the purpose of this law and of the legal system in general.

This rule is there to avoid foreigner to renew indefinitely their tourist visa while they're actually working for good. It's not there to prevent anyone checking emails.

On a wider scale, laws are defined to give a real world shape to the general principles. If you understand the principles, you can usually avoid being scared by the laws. If you deeply agree with the right of ownership, you shouldn't need a lawyer to know what to do with the fallen leaves of your neighbors tree that are in your garden.

This is not exactly true. In regards to tourists visas, the law is almost always about not working locally.

Most foreign governments don't care at all if as a foreigner you work from your laptop for a foreign company. You are not taking any jobs away from the locals, and you are still spending money in their country.

A friend of mine has set up a simple company in Hong Kong to invoice his remote working for an American employer. He is living in Japan and has a Polish passport.

It seems the Japanese authorities don't really seem to care. But I don't know how kosher the whole arrangement is.

In any case, Singapore and Hong Kong are worth a look. They are very business-friendly, and you can probably make something work there even legally so. (And even if you had to leave Singapore every three months, that wouldn't be too much of a problem.)

I moved to Singapore a decade ago, and I can definitely recommend it.

If you'd like to try this, all the relevant visa information is available from the Singapore Ministry of Manpower: http://www.mom.gov.sg/passes-and-permits

I think the OP could possibly be able to get the EntrePass, if he sets up a local company in Singapore and makes sure his work is billed to it. Singapore corporate taxes are probably lower than where he's from, so it would likely be better to do that anyway.

He is talking about moving but still working in the US, Singapore's taxes have nothing to do with it.
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It does. If you live and work in a country (even if it's for a foreign company) you can be sure that country wants you to pay taxes.

That said, Singapore taxes are very low, so it's likely a much better deal than paying the taxes in your home country (unless you're a US citizen, in which case everything becomes a lot more complicated, to the point where many banks in most countries won't even give you an account).

EntrePass has been catch 22'ed a few years ago. In order to even apply, you need to have investment from a limited list of approved investors. On top of that, you need to hire a certain number of people within a certain amount of time, and there are a bunch of other rules to be able to keep it.

The "standard" way would be to incorporate, capitalise the entity with around 40,000 USD, prove that the business will be a business (and not you buying a visa) with letters of intent from prospective customers and a detailed business plan, try and set things up so that you're not the shareholder AND the director AND the visa holder, and then apply for an Employment Pass (EP) under your own business.

That EP will be yours if you have received a high enough salary for the past X months (they ask for your salary history for years), if you have set yourself a high enough salary that you'll need to pay out every month, and - in many cases these days - the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) will probably still ask you for "manpower projections" which I think is a euphemism for "prove to us you'll hire a few locals". Oh yeah, and budget another 3,000 USD or so for the advice from Corporate Service Providers (CSPs) after your initial round of DIY applications get rejected for no reason given. The whole process should take you 6-12 weeks. Whilst a Singaporean applies for a company online for a few dollars and gets it done in a week.

Once you've jumped through those hoops, yes, things are pretty good. Low taxes, extremely efficient government that treats you like a customer, rule of law, low cost of living (compared to Western large cities, not Bangkok or Beijing), great weather, international community, easy travel to dream locations, and so on. I wouldn't want to be anywhere else. But it's not a pain-free process the way say, Hong Kong was before 2014.

> Singapore corporate taxes are probably lower than where he's from, so it would likely be better to do that anyway.

Wouldn't Americans still pay Uncle Sam?

Yes, but based on discussions I have had with Americans here there is apparently a deductible so that at least not all of your income is taxed.
Teleworking is a bit of a gray area, but Belize allows you to stay indefinitely on a tourist visa. I've been living here for just under 4 years now. My email is in my profile if you have any questions.
I read this and then looked up the cost of living in Belize vs my nearest city in Ohio... and Ohio is cheaper! Just made me laugh :)

https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=cost+of+living+Belize+...

The islands are definitely closer to Caribbean cost of living than Central American cost of living, but a single number is always going to be an oversimplification. You can live a quite comfortable gringo lifestyle here (condo on the beach, going out for meals and drinks 4-5 times per week) for less than $3,000 USD/mo. And you don't get the same view in Ohio. [1] There generally isn't a language barrier (former British colony), and the weather is 80 degrees and sunny all year round. If you live on the mainland it's half as expensive, but there's no beach. My advice is to fly down and check it out! It's only 2 hours from Miami or Houston, and you can fly to Guatemala for $200 if you want to meet the neighbors. :)

[1] http://ambergriscaye.com/images/slides/weather1.jpg

Yea, I'm sure you're right. I have some friends who spent time in Belize and they loved it. I'd definitely like to go visit some day.
Isn't the thing to do is set up a sole proprietorship under your name and become a contractor for the US company?

At least in Japan I know several people with that sort of arrangement

In Japan the company has to receive most of it's income sources from within Japan so unless you are telecommuting for a Japanese company or a Japanese branch, this should not be ok with the immigration.
Really? My impression was that immigration mainly cares about having a stable situation, and the gov't generally wants to make sure you're paying taxes. Do you have a place explaining this in more detail?
As far as I know, in Croatia you can stay as long as you want if you can prove you make at least 4000 EUR/month. In Brazil you can stay as long as you want as well if you invest about 25.000 USD in your own Brazilian company. That does mean paying 25.000 USD, but opening a company and putting that amount in it's bank account. You can always close the company an take you money with you afterwards.

The thing about tourist visa is about working in the country. That means "stealing" a job from a citizen of a country.

Nobody cares if a person during his/her holidays answer emails from his/her job in his/her native country.

From another perspective, even if there is not law saying so, for the guest country it's nice to have telecommuters. They spend money on the country, they (probably) won't use the health system (an maybe must have their own private health insurance), and they don't "consume" any of the country's jobs.

But the best part about having a telecommute job is country hopping. A big plus of switching countries at least every 179 days is that unless you are from the US or Eritrea, don't have to pay income taxes nowhere.

Let's say I run a US company and hires an American who works remotely in Thailand (illegally on a tourist visa).

The other alternatives are:

1. I hire an American who works in the US

2. I open a Thai subsidiary and sponsor work visas for Americans to work there

3. I open a Thai subsidiary and hire Thais

Obviously option 2 and 3, while unlikely, provide a bigger boost to the Thai economy and result in higher tax revenue for the Thai government.

Yes, it's nice for the guest country to have people telecommuting on tourist visas, but it's detrimental to their IT industry.

>A big plus of switching countries at least every 179 days is that unless you are from the US or Eritrea, don't have to pay income taxes nowhere.

Was just discussing this, is it really possible? We're in Croatia and for example if we start to move to surrounding countries, how would we manage it? Would we need to go to the gov office and say "we're moving", travel away across the border to slovenia, say "we're moving here" and repeat that process all the time?

They do however use facilities that are paid for by taxes, people remote working and travelling are already in a privileged position with their job and freedom/flexibility.

Skipping taxes just seems unfair on locals and personally I wouldn't do it as I don't agree with super rich people that have complex tax arrangements so I'm not going to forgive the smaller fish either.

Short answer, almost no country allows working unless you have a work permit. People working remotely are usually on a tourist visa or maybe a retirement or marriage visa. Available visas and enforcement vary by country. Sitting in a hotel room or apartment or coffee shop working is not likely to attract attention from immigration authorities, the laws are to prevent foreigners taking jobs from locals. Keep your business to yourself and don't blab to everyone that you are doing online work, no one will know.

I've heard from a few people who have had their papers and laptop examined at immigration for evidence that they are working but this seems to be rare. The reports I heard were Canada, UK, and Thailand. The more computer stuff you cart around the more suspicious it might look. Everyone travels with a laptop these days. Keep your work stuff in the cloud, look like another tourist posting to Facebook, you'll be fine.