Ask HN: What's your backup solution?

140 points by SnowingXIV ↗ HN
Do you keep work and personal separate? Do you use multiple providers like iCloud/OneDrive/Dropbox/Google Drive or do you stick to one? Do you do any type of auto-sync folders?

What's your process like? I'm curious on what people to find the most automatic and reliable solution for typical day to day with photos, documents, and their work backups. (Thinking more along the lines of your own side projects or things that you're more in control of, less on the corporate side that have imposed solutions and is managed by a team).

155 comments

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I use aws-cli tools. I create buckets on S3 and then use a simple script:

    aws s3 sync <source> s3://<bucket-name> --delete
If needed, put this in a cron and you are good to go
Arq.

S3 and google drive.

+1 for Arq. I use the 1TB of storage I get with my Office 365 subscription to backup my Documents, keys, photos, and other volatile files. Everything else gets backed up to AWS Glacier.
Tarsnap. I like knowing that cperciva is ensuring the security of my backups. ;-)
I use rsnaphot, with ssh to backup remote hosts/servers.
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Dropbox + spideroak.

Dropbox for non sensitive stuff and spideroak for complete PC backup.

1. Daily: rsync snapshots to disk attached to Raspberry Pi (similar to rsnapshot)

2. Periodically: duplicity to Oracle archive storage (7x cheaper than AWS Glacier - $0.001)

1. I have a synology which acts as central store for everything. 2. Everything on synology (except for videos) gets backed up to crashplan. 3. Once every few months I backup synology to my 5TB external drive.

I hate to loose any file even if its not important :) I still have files from the floppy disk era.

All of my machines get backed up to my Synology NAS. The NAS then syncs all the backups out to Amazon Drive. It's not "real" offsite backup, but it's good enough for what I'm doing. In addition, the NAS also syncs music, video, and images out to Amazon Drive separately so that we can view our media from anywhere without depending on our home internet connection.
I'm in the process of setting up a system. Anyone using Amazon Drive unlimited storage? https://www.amazon.com/clouddrive/home

I'd like to keep my laptop files backed up automatically.

I'm currently using Amazon's Cloud Drive for backups with Arq, see: http://arqbackup.com/ - It's a pretty sweet deal, if it lasts, however no unlimited service is truly unlimited. For example Microsoft's OneDrive was also unlimited at first.

However, if you end up doing this, it's a pretty bad idea to use your account for anything else but backups. Especially Amazon's Cloud Drive. And I also can't speak for how durable the stored data is and it's a good idea if important data is backed up in two places.

I'd probably be what you'd call a digital nomad. I keep a Time Machine backup on a ruggedized external drive, and I use Backblaze. I've been very happy with Backblaze, if that's what you're asking about. Additionally, Google Drive and another external USB flash drive for a couple sensitive documents.

I don't work.

well you probably don't have that much to back up then:)
Bup. https://github.com/bup/bup

Git + bloom filters + Python

I backup hundreds of thousands of user accounts at cloud.sagemath.com using it, plus my own data, etc. I've been using it for four years and haven't found anything better for my requirements.

When I examined the available backup schemes that are were built off of a content-addressible storage scheme, all of them had one shortcoming or another except for Borg. If I remember correctly, Bup's shortcoming is that it is git based and hence architected to be immutable, meaning that pruning old backups is hairy.
The new bup version can do pruning, FWIW (haven't tried to see how hairy it actually is).

bup does have a huge advantage of deduplicating multiple machine images that can backup simulatenously. With Borg, there is a lock held on the repository (only one machine at a time), and if multiple machines do use the same repository, they will need to download the indices (Slow compared to bup's bloom filter), or use sshfs etc (slow)

borg also has internal encryption. If only borg adopts bup's bloom filters and concurrent access, it will only have advantages...

Github for my contracts.

My music collection sits on a server hooked up to my stereo. I had the disks in RAID-Z1, but when one of the disks pulled a Seagate I accidentally made the disks striped vedvs. To back this up, I boot up a rackmount server with larger disks in RAID-Z1 and use rsync.

This is the only data that I really care about preserving. I found this out through changing my operating system a lot and having my laptop stolen.

I gleefully deleted my music collection after being back in the USA and able to use Spotify. Having access to a astounding quantity of music without having to maintain a library is so, so freeing.
I'm strongly considering this. I've got about 30-40GB of music stored locally (relatively small, I know), and I'm not sure why anymore. I tend to prefer mainstream music, so it's easy to find this stuff, and I've not listened to anything local in many years.

My biggest concern with deleting them would be forgetting about music that I previously liked. Seems like running `find` on my music directory would solve that.

Then again, with 30-40GB, I could just stick it all on a couple SD cards (for redundancy) and ignore them in a drawer.

Keep in mind it doesn't need to be an overnight solution! Sign up for a streaming service you like, and subscribe to the music you want and delete your local copy as you go.

Unsure about Spotify - but Google Music allows you to upload your own collection as well.

There's a lot of music that isn't available on Spotify. You also lose access to that "astounding quantity of music" as soon as you stop paying your monthly fee.
Don't use scare quotes it's rude.
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For my personal systems, I use rsnapshot to make incremental copies on a nightly basis into another internal SSD used only for backup. Because I only use SSD, the whole thing runs under a minute. Then monthly this gets it copied into an USB external HDD.
I use borg for laptops and servers. I use syncthing for (android) phones and tablets to sync photos/videos to home server where they are then backed up by borg.

In the past, I have used rdiff-backup and tarsnap.

Tarsnap is my preferred backup provider for personal and work. Do be careful with the key. I also have a OneDrive.

Work stuff also goes on an LTO tape. I guess we are just traditionalists at heart.

Daily Duplicity snapshots that sync to S3, plus hourly snapshots via Back In Time to an internal drive, plus an occasional manual rsync to a portable USB drive off-site.

Probably overkill, but if one backup method ever has a flaw I'm still fine.

> Probably overkill,

Yeah.. I was about to say. LOL. Have you even been in a situation where you had to restore?

Yes, I regularly test the backups by restoring a random directory to my desktop and then opening a few random files to test. For things like photos which don't change (as opposed to a document which may have been edited) I'll do a quick spot-check of file hashes as well.

I'm picky about backups and have never had an issue where files were permanently lost. I'm to the point now where if I'm not sure I want a file I'll go ahead and delete it, and then if I need it later I restore from the Back In Time snapshot.

Storage is dirt cheap, so spend the time up front getting your backup 'idiot proof' and automatic and it's totally worth it in the long term.

Storage is indeed cheap. I've just had a hard time figuring out how to set everything up and validate it. Thank you for the detailed explanation.
I use rsync, mostly to backup from LVM snapshots over SSH to either rsync --link-dest snapshots or ZFS snapshots.

https://gitlab.paivola.fi/tech/pvl-backup

Do you also keep your zfs snapshots around?

(they're a lot more efficient than lvm snapshots. One machine I use took snapshots every half hour, and we accidentally filled it up with >3000 snapshots before anyone noticed that the reaper script for old snapshots wasn't running :-P . No performance degradation!)

CrashPlan. Dirt cheap for unlimited storage for generational backups for 10 machines. Whole extended family fits in one subscription.
I also use Crashplan. For the price it can't be beat. Plus the upload speeds are very fast when compared to someone like iDrive.

However be warned, their client is a Java application and the more files and terabytes you want to backup, the more ram it takes.

For example, I backup about 3 terabytes on a server and it takes 3+ GB of constant ram usage to do this.

https://support.code42.com/CrashPlan/4/Troubleshooting/Adjus...

Yes, i wish they made a leaner client. I have a budget NAS with 128mb ram which I have to backup from a client because 128mb isn't enough.

I thought they had fixed this by now.

Please double check if CP really does backup all your files - it doesn't for me (Ubuntu 14.04, haven't checked after upgrading to 16.04 since I've cancelled my account anyway).

I suspect it's related to the huge amount of files in average js projects, eventhough i'm now excluding node_modules/ from backing up. I've also spent quite some time with CP support to debug the issue but without any result.

Nonetheless, I don't trust CP anymore to backup all my files. I've actually needed access to files in the past and wasn't able to find them.

I must admit I have only done partial restores, but it looks right size wise. I also use Windows CP exclusively so many-small-files and deep hierarchy are basically frowned upon...

If I had that problem I'd include a huge tar of everything in the file set. Or go to backblaze.

Backblaze didn't include all files in my backup last time I used it (many moons ago).
Tried restoring from it yet?

/r/datahoarders have a long list of horror stories about that. Admittedly, these guys operate in TBs, but the general feeling on the sub towards CrashPlan is to avoid it at all costs (no pun intended).

Yes, it has saved my behind several times.

My requirements are pretty simple: has to work well on windows + mac, has to be cloud based, have decent bandwidth, unlimited storage, unlimited retention, and has to and require no configuration of my own apart from selecting files and schedules.

I just haven't found anything with the level of polish that CrashPlan has in terms of UI and usability. To avoid having all eggs in one basket I try to keep at least a mirror of everything too, e.g. on a NAS.

I have been a DataHoarder kind of guy in the past (dabbled with my own backup scripts, etc.) but found that the chance of user error on my part is probably an order of magnitude greater than the risk of losing data any other way - and with user error there is always the risk that you also bork your backups. So I don't want any system that has any kind of complex configuration on my part.

Further, I don't want to separate the storage from the backup, simply because buying unlimited cloud storage is to expensive. I don't need fast random access storage, I need something cheap like glacier, but that quickly becomes comples. So I'm very happy to hide that complexity behind a cloud backup provider that gives unlimited retention and storage.

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I just restored ~3TB from it a couple months ago. Worked very smoothly and faster than the upload process. Each TB took about a day to download vs 1.5-2 weeks to upload