Ask HN: How do you stay healthy?

68 points by kotrunga ↗ HN
I work a desk job (as a software engineer). Just started lifting M-W-F following the strengths 5x5 program, and counting calories with an app.

What do you do to stay healthy? Any advice you can share?

91 comments

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Commute pretty much anyway but door-to-door driving. Bike, walk, walk to transit, bike to transit, etc. Just that small amount makes a huge difference since you do it every single day.
Been reading more about what's actually in food and what you need to stay alive.

Intermittent fasting and fasting on water (with some salt) has been working very well for me. Burning away 3kg per week. Not really losing muscle, just burning away my fat at an insane rate. Just don't consume carbs or sugar (or "zero sugar" crap). Eat vegetables. Read labels.

> or "zero sugar" crap

What's wrong with it?

Because there are enough sugar replacements that will spike your insulin regardless, and that makes you stop burning fat. Try entering Ketosis and then have something containing Sorbitol & Xylitol, just 2 pieces of chewing gum messed me up for a good couple hours.

This is not to say that there aren't better sweeteners than sugar, but anything saying "less sugar" or "zero sugar" is likely just a technically correct marketing ploy.

Some sweeteners like Sorbitol or Splenda have calories. They get away with labeling in the US because as long as it has less than 5 kcal per serving they can say 0 kcal. And they can choose the serving size.

Most sweeteners are truly zero calories and don't produce an insulin spike, but there may be a problem with cravings for some people.

"Zero sugar" things always have an alternative sweetener in them. Many of these, such as aspartame, have some unfortunate side effects or have not been properly studied yet.

Natural cane sugar is fine, as long as you have it in small doses. Most sodas do not use small doses.

Soda's fine as long as you get out of the "this is an ordinary thing to drink" thought pattern into the "this is basically the same as eating a giant cupcake" one.

You wouldn't feel right having a giant cupcake every single day, right? Let alone more than one? Do you have a largish, nutrient-free dessert with every single meal ("free refills")? Wow, of course not. But once a month, or even once every couple weeks, that's still not good for you but at least you're not the gross dude eating (drinking) five desserts a day or whatever, and it's basically not gonna hurt you enough to be worth worrying about.

The "it's an exceptionally unhealthy dessert that I should absolutely feel bad about having too often" mindset is the correct one, because that's exactly what it is. People who wouldn't take a pile of ho-hos to the checkout counter (god, what will people think of me?) buy 32-64oz sodas like it's nothing because they don't make the connection that soda = very bad dessert, and feel the consequent second thoughts (and shame) over buying and consuming such a thing regularly, in large quantities.

Of course if everyone did that Coca-Cola's sales would drop to 5% or less of what they currently are. So their advertising contributes to making drinking lots of soda all the time seem normal. Combat this by imagining all the models in their ads messily smashing cupcakes into their mouths instead of drinking coke, while doing whatever they're doing.

Stop eating so much. Make it difficult to eat. Walk or shop in order to eat - no fast food. Hunger is 'ok'.
It's all about daily routine. If you can stick with a lifting program and start eating healthy for the next month you'll notice a difference. If you do it for 3 months, everyone will notice a difference. One big thing that I always advocate is that it needs to be a lifestyle, not a temporary change. You shouldn't be upset going to the gym or not eating a cookie, it should be something you actively want to do.
I think you're underestimating how much discipline it can take to stay healthy. Don't get me wrong, daily routine is super important, and you are more likely to consistently do something you enjoy, but I do believe our world is optimized for laziness and our default mode is one consisting of Netflix and cookies (in most of the US, at least).

I've consistently gone to the gym/played sports and stayed in relatively good shape for the past 15 years. I love how working out makes me feel, and I am a happier person because of it. BUT, just about every time I make the decision to go to the gym, there is another part of me that badly just wants to stay home or do something easier instead. I still have to actively fight that urge.

Just want to say this because I think some people might feel like they should give up if they don't want to actively go work out. Sometimes you just have to push through that feeling.

Every day I walk to work and back home. It takes about 20 km per day. Also I go to gym 3 times a week, also I like bicycle and various active games like ping pong, volleyball.
Most importantly, have a routine and don't break it. If you work your health upkeep into the routine (exercise and diet), it's much easier to keep going. A chaotic and random day to day life makes it much more difficult to make time for your wellbeing.
All about routine. Once you get it going, it becomes part of your day and you feel lost without it. It's like getting coffee now (lifting). Days I miss I don't feel complete and I go to bed emotionally and mentally off.

Don't stop either, the first couple weeks are the hardest but stick to it. If you start skipping days here and there or make excuses you'll never get in the groove you need.

Source: Been lifting routinely for a few years now, recently got hurt and couldn't lift for a week or two. It's been a struggle to jump back in (even with such a tiny break!) but since I've been here before I know I need force myself over this little bump.

Best of luck!

Just so.

I don't lift (I can't get into anything related to strength training beyond push-ups) but I go running 5 days a week and I guard it jealously. My analogy for it is that every run is putting money into the bank. If I skip a day I can't help but think that I'm getting a little bit slower, a little bit out of shape for that. And that the next time I go for a run it'll be just a little bit harder and I'll be a little bit slower for the day off.

That's all crazy of course - I know that things like that don't happen at the margins; at least not at my level of running. It motivates me though and if it's not true for a day skipped it is true for a month. Maybe a week. Which is why I'm currently unhappy that I didn't go running once on my Thanksgiving break. :-(

If you want, give yourself one or 2 extra punishing workouts since you took a week off (some nice hill repeats, hard tempo, etc.) and then forgive yourself! Even the best of us have lapses in our routine occasionally.
I try to avoid eating processed foods. I ride a bicycle. I go to a climbing gym. I built a hangboard so I can train at home. I read lots of books to exercise my brain.

But more important than any of that: I stopped working a job that had me sitting down in front of a computer screen all day, and started working jobs that keep me on my feet.

Here are a few of the things I do to counteract my desk job. I live in Denver.

-Workout before work (5 days a week, switching programs/routines every 1-3 months)

-Bike to work

-Standing desk with balance board

-Lacrosse ball and theraband at my desk for stretching

-Eat well, mostly Paleo, but not super strict. No soda.

-Intermittent fasting (~8pm to 12pm)

-"Fun" exercise after work(skateboarding, basketball, yoga)

-Work from home 1-2 days a week and move around as much as possible those days.

I've found this works for me but ymmv. I've also been active most of my life.

Are you able to focus on your work whilst standing on the balance board? It looks like a great idea if it could work.
@weavie Great question. It depends on the work I am doing. I take all of my calls and virtual meeting standing on/off the board. I also create most of my status reports and do JIRA board reviews standing. However, for deep investigation, deployments, requirements writing, and other tasks that require deep focus I sit, either on a barstool or a medicine ball.
I use an activity bracelet to record my activity and sleep level. I generally forget to exercise unless something pushes me and the meter on my wrist is a comfortably non-judgemental reminder. I try to avoid commuting to work by car and prefer bus and bike. Commuting by bus adds quite a few steps and I can skip a few bus stops and walk instead.

I don't go to the gym, but have taken a habit of doing push ups, body-weight rows and farmers walks and those seem to bulk me good enough.

I hated push ups, until I realized I can do them in ladders. 1, then 2, then 3... up to max, and down again.

There are heaps of articles and guides online for this, but here's what I do:

First thing after waking up is to do some pushups. Not too many, just about 15 - 20. Later on I hit the gym after 7 and workout for an hour. My workout is custom tailored by me but I initially started out with a simple 5x5 workout. Midweek I go for jiu jitsu traning. I train sometimes on the weekends other I play tennis or just fuck around.

---

One thing I regret early on is not practicing the correct form and chasing numbers instead. Second regret is not maintaining my diet properly.

Right now the biggest bottleneck is my 9-5 job. Slowly I'v realized that sitting at a desk for 7 hours hours is very bad. I would rather trade that with a more physically demanding job(or work in a office where there's a spare gym)

With that in mind, my focus for the next couple of years is to shift from working regularly to occasionally doing contracts and working on my side projects.

The Wim Hof method is something I adore. Also, whenever I wake up, I get up. This is better than trying going back to sleep if you only have an hour or two, because waking up in the middle of the sleep cycle (2-3 hours) typically makes you more tired than if you would have skipped it.

So, in the morning, I awake naturally ( the time varies ), then go for a walk to watch the sun rise.

I eat a lot of soup. I laugh. If I feel unreasonable fear, I try to wonder what issue I had as a child or with my parents that would cause it. For example, I would check my pants pockets for my phone, wallet, and keys, like everyone does from time to time, and then after I found all 3, I would get afraid. Fear is bad for your health, especially unreasonable. I would wonder, "Why am I feeling afraid AFTER I realize I have everything", and I realized, growing up, if I would check my pockets, my mom would ask a frightened question, "OH NO, DID YOU LOSE SOMETHING?", so I was basically trained to feel afraid. Lots of weird things with parents to think about if you feel yourself having unreasonable emotions throughout the day.

> If I feel unreasonable fear, I try to wonder what issue I had as a child or with my parents that would cause it.

This is great advice. A lot of my anxiety stems from things that happened in my childhood. And whenever I am able to reflect and rationalize WHY I am anxious in certain situations, I can calm down quite a bit and then let it go. In a way it’s a form of CBT and it works for me and a lot of other people I know.

I try to do the Win Hof method but I simply can't get used to cold showers when it's cold outside. I can force myself for weeks but it never gets easier and costs more and more will power.
Yea, it definitely gets tougher, and I switched from cold only to hot and then cold right before I get out. It's something. Not always but probably above 50%. I found myself showering less often when I was forcing myself only cold, so I told myself I don't have to do cold! I do regret it a little if I skip cold completely, but sometimes it's only for 30-60 seconds.

Also I saw a video which changed how I view it: it said cold creates "positive stress". So, when I feel the initial shock, I know it's stressful, but I also know its good.

"showering less often"

Me too!

The water sitting around in the pipes is likely colder, so it might be more than just psychological 'coldness'.

On the other hand, this brings my tap water closer to drinkability in the winter, so it's not all bad!

Regarding Wim Hof method a little warning: I loved the effect of cold showers and went from my usual 15 seconds to 1-2 minutes and got very sick. Two times. In hindsight not very smart from my side (even less as I did this during winter and while my daughter started to go to Kindergarten exposing me with plenty of new germs), but if you are like me and have a tendency to over-do things be careful. Still think Wim Hof method has advantages but start very slow.
- Intermittent Fasting - Paleo Diet, - Strength Training 4x a week - Weighted Pull-ups, Weighted Squats, Deadlifts, Bench Press, Leg Extentions, Weighted Lunges, Weighted Dips - Stand 50% of the time while I work. - Minimal alcohol and caffeine
This is just anecdotal and based mostly on things I've read, so take it with a grain of salt. I am not a nutritionist or a trainer, just an engineer who doesn't want to die fat and sick.

## Physical Activity

Structured five minutes of stretching immediately after getting out of bed.

Bodyweight-only strength training exercises every other day for at least ten minutes. Cardio every day for at least fifteen minutes.

## Food

I don't count calories. Instead, I follow some simple meal rules:

1. At least half the plate should be veggies. Fresh, frozen, canned, whatever.

2. Carbs are not the enemy, but they should be minimized. No bread, and avoid sugars.

3. Avoid red meat most of the time. Choose fish, chicken, or tofu as proteins.

4. Make breakfast a priority and the biggest meal of the day.

5. Prep ingredients ahead of time, because life ALWAYS gets in the way at the last minute.

Part of my challenge is working out what a structured stretching programme may involve, and how it may vary (and why).
I would advise against structure when you're starting.

Find a physical hobby and just start doing that. Become friends with the fittest guy you can find (they love talking about fitness and will be happy to talk about it) and keep it super easy.

Friction is the enemy when you're starting. Just have fun with it and build slowly.

@bovermeyer would you mind sharing your 5 minute stretching routine?
It's pretty simple. On YouTube, the TappBrothers channel has a "5 exercises every morning" video that I used as a guide.

It works better than caffeine to get me going in the morning.

By not sitting at the computer 18 hours straight. I eat well, I also fast 16 hours per day, by skipping breakfast, and eating a healthy lunch and dinner. I also take pushup/pullup/situp breaks throughout the day. Especially if important if you're going to be putting in long hours at the screen. Also get out and do some longer hikes 3-4 times a week. If it's the winter season, I'll row indoors on a rowing machine, or breakout "Insanity" :)
This! I try doing 5:2 at times as well. In addition I supplement with calcium, D3 and Mg.
I actually unintentionally do calorie deficits on the weekend. Usually busy working on something, or get caught up in a game, end up eating one meal a day. I'm 37, 6'1 and 175 pounds consistent for years.
Keto diet (/r/keto is a great resource), and 30-60 min exercise several days of the week (usually playing VR with a friend). When I can't exercise for some reason, I lift my stand up desk.
Don’t overthink diet. Avoid these three things: obvious sugars (soda), fried foods, and bread.

Try to do 100 push-ups and 200 squats a day. I do 10 push-ups and 20 squats every time I check my email.

Simple = maintainable.

Tracking food intake for several months helped me immensely. You may want to track carbs, fat, protein as well as calories.

Once you cut the junk food out of your diet, it's easier to keep it out. The cravings for sugar subside.

I go through on/off periods with weight lifting, but generally try to lift at least once a week.

Apart from that I try to get outdoors with some kind of physical activity 2-3x a week. I've been lucky to find a few physical hobbies I enjoy. I used to wake skate / wake board on the weekends and mountain bike during the week. Mountain biking has now taken over the weekends as well.

That would be my biggest recommendation. Find a hobby you really enjoy that keeps you active.

I do keto (along with Keto Chow, which is basically low carb Soylent). I've had success with calorie counting in the past.

When I'm at my best, I also get a lot of cardio and lift some free weights. Working remotely has the nice advantage of being able to use a home gym.

At the risk of sounding overly dramatic, low carb eating and intermittent fasting have changed my life. The way it puts you in touch with yourself and naturally regulates your mood and caloric intake is almost magical. It takes some time and tweaking to get to that point but if a person can be consistent about it for six months, it then becomes a natural way of eating/living. The knowledge on why it works is all out there now for us to absorb, it's just a matter of having the confidence to take control of our own health rather than relying on doctors that wouldn't recognize a research paper if it hit them across the head!
30 minutes dog walk in the morning. 45 minutes yoga asana, 30 minutes meditation. Once per week a 10+ miles hike. I mainly cook for us and avoid restaurants or processed food. Wish I could get rid of the car commute.
The most important thing is to have a routine. Without a routine a lot of people make excuses for not working out or eating right. Some sources say that after about two weeks a routine becomes a habit. My advise is to just keep doing what you are doing until it doesn't feel like a chore.

If it still feels like a chore after a few weeks, try to switch things up with another workout schedule (e.g. after work instead of before work) or other healthy food. Maybe try another sport.

Don't count calories , weight ect. Just use a full sized mirror.
I run 4-7 miles every day in the spring, summer, and fall, and around 5 miles in the winter when weather is permitting. I target about 2,000 kcals per day. Skipping breakfast helps, though I wake up pretty late. I have a pretty good diet though probably half of what I eat is raw or cooked vegetables and fruits and nuts.

While all exercise is beneficial, I prefer cardiovascular exercise to stay healthy.

The expression "eating well" is ambiguous at best so I consulted a good dietician which made a big difference in my overall well being and health. Also, I work out every MWF, first thing in the morning - I find that if I don't do it first thing I'll come up with excuses throughout the day to skip. Another thing I do is make sure I get up and move around at least once an hour. I work from home and will take my dogs on a couple walks per day, I realize that's not an option for a lot of people.
After a few failed starts with exercising and eating regimens, what really did it for me going to a nutritionist together with my significant other. The nutritionist built a pretty intuitive schedule for both of us, with slight variations for our respective needs. This meant we could cook one common meal and vary the quantity of cooked carbs and protein at plate-level. We also got a list of allowed substitutes to each meal ingredient, which gave us choices. The practicality was a big factor.

This lead to regular prepared healthy meals to the office, which meant no unhealthy eating.

Adding this to 3x-4x weekly exercise (including at least 30 mins cardio) was crucial.

Recently I noticed http://nosdiet.com/ which tries to build good habits with some pretty generic rules. It doesn't micromanage you which may appeal to some people.

I fast 12 hours every night. It's not a lot but it has had noticeable effects on me.