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This is a pretty good list, although my understating is that dishwashers are generally more energy efficient than washing up by hand - https://www.comparethemarket.com/energy/information/how-much...
They are for sure more water efficient. But I wonder how long do you need to use a dish washer to compensate the energy expenditure of producing the machine.
Interesting point, and one I hadn't considered. In our case, the house (rented) came with a dishwasher, so it makes sense to use it either way.
Dishwashers get old and they have their own problems. There are machines that use less water. But manually people are capable of reducing the amount of water that we use to clean the dishes.

I can clean my dishes in 10litres of water. On the other hand dishwashers on an average requires 12-20 litres of water. The tip is do not use running tap water.

> I can clean my dishes in 10litres of water. On the other hand dishwashers on an average requires 12-20 litres of water. The tip is do not use running tap water.

What's the correct technique to ensure the dishes end up being clean, and not just thoroughly immersed in a bacterial growth medium that's made of water and dissolved food? Or am I being too paranoid about sanitation here?

Assuming you rinse them off and you have a reasonably large amount of cutlery, I'd say you are definitely too paranoid about this specific thing. Your entire kitchen is a bacterial growth medium - just leaving things out means they get covered in bacteria. Those bacteria will grow and this is fine - the most efficient use of your thoughts is fixing the really large offenders, one of which is: Do you properly wash your hands (most people do not, or at all)?
Wash them quickly. Bacteria growth is not significant on the order of minutes.
It's not the growth during washing I'm worried about, but that not rinsing them will leave them covered in a growth medium that will significantly accelerate their growth over the next hours or days.
I am pretty sure that the amount of bacteria will be lesser than what we carry.

But yeah at times I have the same thing running on my head.

I was able to reduce my water bills by almost 30% just by manually cleaning the utensils and reducing the washing machine usage.

The problem is very real, and I am happy that it's reaching more people than ever.

This is a well meant post with some solid advice that I wish more people would follow, but some points are just conflicting, confusing and possibly wrong.

Recommending to replace paperback books with an electronic device that is made up of plastic, while telling the reader to use less electricity and not to use plastic bags and avoid plastic packaging just doesn't add up without providing some extra context.

More and more forests are deforested for books. Electricity can be green (it is not at the moment) but eventually we will be there. I think it makes sense to use an electronic device rather than using a paperback book.

Plastics are cruel, but at the very least we can ask the manufacturers to use something else and those devices mostly don't end up in the trash day 1. We definitely need to find a way but papers are even more cruel.

But again that is subjective.

> More and more forests are deforested for books.

[citation needed]

More and more forests are deforested for agriculture - for both growing plants and pastures for animals. Paper production is a combination of forest-sourced trees, but also recycled paper, wood waste from other industries, and trees planted specifically for paper manufacturing. I get conflicting breakdowns of the proportions, but a random source[0] I'm looking at says something like this:

"However, 39 percent of the fiber used for papermaking comes from recycled paper. Most of the remaining wood is obtained either through forest thinning (removing slow-growing or defective trees) or from lumber milling residues – materials that otherwise would go unused. Only 36 percent of timber harvested in the United States is used directly to make paper and paperboard."

That's not to say we shouldn't reduce our paper use, but I wouldn't sweat it too much when it comes to buying that book (especially if it's print-on-demand), or printing that article or code listing. Paper is a ridiculously powerful cognitive and productivity multiplier, still unmatched by digital solutions. I'd argue that paper use might be essential for humanity figuring their way out of this crisis.

If you want to cut down on wasteful paper use, fight advertising. The subsection of the industry dealing with physical advertisements is literally one giant machine for moving cellulose from trees into landfills.

--

[0] - https://theconversation.com/is-the-paper-industry-getting-gr...

This article/list portrays a good sentiment, but it misses the most important point: VOTE for politicians that support green policies.

It is naive to assume that people everywhere will read articles like this and educate themselves and the problem will disappear. Only the government can force corporations to behave in a way that is sustainable.

I am not saying the problem will disappear. But we can extend the timeline. Maybe (stressing on maybe) nature will evolve.
I believe climate change poses an existential threat to us right now but I don't see things like this list helping.

The best thing for anyone to do is to support/organise direct political action to change our actions at a global scale. Personal initiatives can only go so far.

We have a limited time left (I apologise for not backing this with a citation but this is a rushed reply) to act, and personal sacrifices here and there won't help. Our carbon emissions are still growing overall and we need to reduce them somehow.

Also some of these points aren't entirely correct. Reusing plastic bags will probably have a lower carbon footprint than using cotton (I owe you a citation for this but it's out there). Also, there's a conflation between climate change and plastic pollution throughout - let's be precise in addressing these topics.

I feel they all add up together. There is a water scarcity not because of less rain but because of plastic wastes form a layer in the earth that prevents water to seep through and increase the ground water level.

I definitely agree with reusing plastic stuff, but how many times do we do it. Rather than it is cheap and easily available, how many we throw them daily? How many times can you reuse them? Cotton bags at least are not made by destroying the plant (I think) and they are reusable many times. If they are torn we can stitch them or throw it in the earth they will degrade. Is that the case for Plastic ones.

I know politicians and corporations have power. But for some time let us stop pointing things towards them and do what we can do.

I'm not arguing the validity of each point but the ranked priority of what has the biggest effect and what is needed to achieve improvement.

I'd ask you to go through each point and calculate the impact at a likely scale of participation. You won't achieve enough in the time needed. Massive political pressure is required (look at how little is being achieved right now, even in Germany where the was a large swing to the Green party).

Whether you agree with their methods or not, this is what's driving movements like Extinction Rebellion right now: https://rebellion.earth/the-truth/the-emergency/

Read through the research they cite and you'll get an understanding of the scale and urgency of the issue.

The excuses that people and politicians use to avoid action have been addressed. "But China / other countries", "But jobs". William Nordhaus won a Nobel prize in economics with this paper:

https://issues.org/climate-clubs-to-overcome-free-riding/ ; https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.15000001

Seconded.

For governments to do anything, individuals need to do at least one seemingly ineffectual thing: vote. But voting is a poor signal. You vote in most cases for representatives and these representatives stand for many things. To improve the signal you need to show this is why you voted, and that you will do it again. By doing the small, seemingly ineffectual things you can do as an individual you are signaling your preferences to people who can do more.

And more than this, by doing something, anything, you are in effect voting for the behavior you think is acceptable in your society. You yourself are more likely to do another small thing. Your neighbors will be a little less enthusiastic to be seen doing nothing. People, everyone, is looking for an excuse to pamper their present selves at the cost of other people and their future selves, but few people are so thoughtless and selfish that they will do this in all circumstances. By making this choice a little less comfortable for yourself and others, you shift the ratio: how much burden you and others will take on now versus how much you put off on others.

The truth of the matter is that if everyone would just do the little, seemingly ineffectual things we wouldn't need the government to compel us or engineer our incentives. The fix we find ourselves in is the cumulative result of many individuals doing small, seemingly ineffectual things that made things worse.

To turn your point on its head, I'd say the trick is to come up with a stronger political signal than just voting.

Fridays for Future and Extinction Rebellion are examples of such things - I think there's scope for much more across various politicals affiliations and leanings.

I don't think that's turning it on its head but reinforcing it.
Yeah, perhaps I should have phrased it as "in other words"
I disagree. They're both essential and individuals doing nothing and insisting that political/government intervention is the only solution isn't going to get anywhere.

Corporations and governments will take notice when individuals change behavior, if you stop buying products that contain lots of single use plastics, companies will stop making them. If you divest our pension and savings from any company with an interest in fossil fuels, they will notice and change. If you half your meat consumption and eliminate beef, it will be noticed and a change will happen.

There is massive power in consumer action, particularly for those of us in countries that are really the problem (the rich ones).

It's not the only solution but it's the best one. I'm not abrogating responsibility, but actually saying that if we all put the same effort into cohesive non-partisan political action, we'd get a lot more achieved in a shorter amount of time. I can stop taking flights but what about pressing govts to stop jet fuel tax subsidies, halting airport expansion plans, removing tax incentives for business travel by air and increasing funding for zero/low emission alternatives?
This graph ('Global carbon dioxide emissions by country' - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions_by_th...) shows where 'direct political action to change our actions at a global scale' might be encouraged if you want a significant change. I wouldn't hold your breath.
Well, perhaps two of the biggest political changes to influence these trends are the elections of Trump and Bolsonaro, so perhaps I'm right about the power of politics, just in the wrong direction :)
1) Climate change is real but there’s no proof that its main cause is anthropogenic activity

2) There is no indication that suspected human-caused climate changes can be cost effectively dealt with (in other words, it is cheaper to adjust)

3) I have no moral or other duty to deal with CO2 created by others and you can’t force me to do it

This is missing the most important action one can take - voting and telling people to vote (Greens in Europe and progressive Democrats in USA)
Why do all the 1% back those Parties?
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Well, if I take 1 intercontinental flight every year, then my savings on some other stuff are pretty negligible.

Same thing if I eat water intensive crops or meat. I can keep the tap open as long as I live and I would not waste the water spent on all those cotton clothes, rice and burgers.

Solution to climate change can't be individual responsibility. Climate change is driven by huge corporations, I'm pretty sure that 50% of the population halved their CO2 footprint it would still be a drop in the bucket compared to corporation spending.

But people still have influence by making informed decision when voting and choosing products if they have the money. The first one is obvious, the second one requires more research but it's still doable. When there's a choice between a product from a company that usually higher CO2 footprints, it makes sense to choose an alternative product.

Moreover the corporations are also just collections of people that might not be able to make big decisions but make a difference with tiny decisions, if that makes any sense :)

But the point of this article is that we can initiate the change. If we collectively decide and eliminate plastic bags in our town / place or whatever subdivision then for sure we can make an impact. There is nothing bigger than people power.
I wish it were that simple.

While you’re correct that individual actions will ultimately decide our fate, what you’re not accounting for is this: The economics are stacked against anyone trying to do the right thing.

It’s actually cheaper, less time consuming, and more convenient to kill our planet.

To properly recycle I would have to spend 15 to 30 minutes a day.

If wanted to recycle food (compost), add another 15 to 30 minutes.

So per week, that’s about 4 to 7 hours. Time that could be spent working or sleeping.

With regards to plastic shopping bags: Yes, I can avoid it. But then I need to buy plastic waste bags anyway, because I’m required to package my waste.

With regards to meat: I don’t go crazy with meat, but in terms of cost most Western societies have masked the cost. Fresh produce is more expensive per calorie than a slab of beef per calorie.

Or how about electronics? It’s insane that it’s generally cheaper to buy new consumer electronics, rather than have someone fix it.

Or packaging: There is zero economic reason for businesses to minimize the amount of plastic packaging. Plastic has the advantages of low weight and tensile strength, so any company that tries to change would be at an immediate disadvantage.

To fix these imbalances we need social policies (with teeth) that force a new, market-driven optimum for both companies and individuals.

For that to happen we need leadership that have the courage to undertake a long, hard battle against vested interests.

I know odds are against us. If you really care about nature spend that 4 to 7 hours. Talk to your company and make it a policy, might be a fraction of your colleagues will do it.

Meat, plastic and electronics are the problems I agree completely.

We can change the packaging slightly. I already heard a lot about some vendors in Germany are going PET-less solution, TamilNadu (a state in India) also started banning plastics and packaging.

My core idea is social policies will not change unless people are willing to accept it. When your locality goes zero-plastic bags, you will start seeing the influences that it creates on your local supplier and then it expands. It is how nature works and definitely, it takes time and effort but slowly it will (may) change the world. But in the end, it will remain at least we tried.

Anyone who takes up this cause naively will lose out to people and organizations that don’t care.

By lose out, I mean they will lose political and economic influence.

If people who care have a significant overhead compared to those who don’t, guess who expands and has lobbying money and time?

At a company-level, a 1% overhead can be rather steep cost.

Really, my individual effort isn’t enough. Just look at littering. I don’t litter, but there are too many people around me that do.

And this is with an action that has almost zero cost to individuals!

The way to ensure we don’t kill ourselves is by tilting the market to favor sustainable approaches.

Steeper Import taxes. Removal of certain subsidies. Adding other subsidies. Tax breaks to encourage repairs. At-purchase disposal fees. Packaging taxes. Etc.

The scale of the problem involves billions of individuals.

The scale of the solution must match, and must not favor cheaters or don’t-care organizations. Or it will fail.

For flight one, I completely agree. Sadly we do not have any other options there
Yes we do. You do not have to holiday half way around the globe twice a year.
Thanks, I hate this handwaving going around. People simply don't want to compromise their lifestyle.

The China emits 29% of the global CO2 emissions, a country of 1.4 billion people where most of our goods are manufactured.

The US emits almost 15%, half of china, with less than a fourth of the population were most of the goods are imported. This lifestyle is not sustainable.

For HN, there's an extremely important item missing from this list:

* Get a job in cleantech.

I got into the climate-change fighting industry 6 years ago when I became a project engineer for a commercial solar company, then eventually I started my own cleantech software company. By working in the industry, I have had orders of magnitude more impact on fighting climate change than adjusting my lifestyle to be more carbon neutral.

Luckily for the HN crowd, there's a huge need for software and other tech skills (data science, sysadmin, etc.) needed for the energy transition. With the deployment of so much "intermittent" generation like solar and wind, we need tons of software and communications infrastructure to run a new "flexible" grid.

So if you're thinking what can you to help fight climate change, the best thing you can do is get a job in the climate change fighting industry. Start googling around for jobs with climate change keywords ("solar", "wind", "clean energy", etc.). Start showing up to clean energy events (if you live in the bay area, check out my bayareaenergyevents.com). There's so many people in this space who came from other sectors, and it's incredibly easy to move up or start your own company doing some specific thing you think is needed for the fight.

Lucky for you. But not everyone has that luxury or option.
I'm curious why you think it's not an option? And what makes you think it's a luxury? A cleantech job is just like any other job.
100% this! Googling for jobs is free and easy. See what's in your neighborhood. Working 40+ hours a week on solutions is the best way to up your climate game.
I would also add to avoid many 'smart' devices, and stick to well-built, dependable, maintainable/fixable devices and appliances.

It's been a trend for some time to build-in obsolescence (not to mention, cut corners), but adding 'smart' to things seems to me to greatly worsen the situation, even if the smart controls claim to save energy etc.

The smarts, particularly the UI elements, will certainly become obsolete, and are often the most likely part to fail (often simply the tact or bubble switches, etc). Well, after built-in batteries, perhaps.

Having some smart, and exposing a simple and standardized/open lower-level interface would be much better, and have the UI, except the absolute basics, like on/off, on external devices of your choice.

I'd like a bigger emphasis on efficiency. Space heating/cooling in particular, your first big win is to increase efficiency before you even start to think about renewable. If you spend money to cool, increase ventilation, shade, find ways to reduce heat buildup in the first place. If you spend money to heat, insulate, wear more clothes, use public spaces more (share heat), shut doors. For both, use good thermostats or smart systems to manage heating and cooling.

In general you see a lot of advise for dealing with symptoms of our over consumption, not the cause. Buy less (toys, food, clothes, cars, travel, whatever). What you own, use it for longer, fix it, do without.

This list is the sort of corporation-serving drivel that all of us should have come to expect from people who can't think beyond their own experience to save their life. The majority of climate change comes from corporations. This list doesn't address our most grating problem, which is what we've collectively allowed some other people to screw everything up for the rest of us.
These are great ways to live in line with your values. Kudos to anyone who does their best to minimize their GHG footprint.

But no this will not prevent climate change and it’s best people don’t get the idea that they are “fighting climate” change by any of these measures.

There is one thing that matters: organized political action. That’s it. If the worlds political establishment doesn’t prioritize this, we are cooked.

Here is what you can do:

* Learn about climate change * Talk to your friends and family about it * Make it your top voting issue

Most people don’t understand the danger we are in

Ofc, but what better way to make the masses conscious than making them part of it. Also, why do you need the government to limit you before you do something?

- Do you need the government to start issuing flight hour quotas before you start flying less? - Do you need the government to ban short flights before you start using alternative transport methods more? - Do you need the government to impose a high meat tax before you start consuming less?

You can do both, you can start doing your part AND push for political action. Saying "this is meaningless" is just a justification to not do anything yourself and put the blame on someone else. An excuse for inactivity.

No, that's clearly not what I'm saying. I'm not arguing that people shouldn't do these things, I'm arguing that we should be clear about what they actually accomplish. I do all of these things, but I don't kid myself that it's making a lick of difference, because it's not.

The individual action idea is dangerous because it:

- Blames the victims. This problem is being caused by fossil-fuel companies and the policies that support them. We must stop them from emitting and from poisoning the public dialog on these issues

- It's classist and priveledged. Only rich people have these kinds of choices - poor people can't always make these kinds of choices in their lives.

The only solution is massive collective action that drives us towards a net-negative world.

I'd rather have somebody drive a Yukon and vote for people who will put in a Green New Deal than someone who eats vegan and votes for Jill Stein.

Between thanks to everybody that I really get more and more information :) You are all the best.