Ask HN: Resources for Understanding Modern Hardware

After watching Mike Acton's talk on Data-Oriented Design (https://youtu.be/rX0ItVEVjHc), I would like to at least try it on some of my own code. One of the principles is "If you don't understand the hardware, you can't reason about the cost of solving the problem". I don't understand the hardware.

Do you have any suggestions for things to read to a) understand on a lower level how my hardware works (modern x86_64 desktop if that is necessary to know) and b) understand the code generated by the compiler. I don't want to become an assembly programmer, I just want to be able to read the assembly output and reason about the real cost of the involved operations.

The closest thing I've found are the Write Great Code books (https://nostarch.com/greatcode.htm) by Randall Hyde. This seems to be what I want, but a) they add up to a whopping 1100 pages and b) I'm wondering how much of that content (if any) is now outdated (from 2004/2006, respectively).

What other resources can you recommend?