Is there any information on their stance regarding the environmental impact of failed launches? The propellants alone are usually toxic, plus the amount debris of each failed launch. Did they factor these externalities into their cost as well? At 1 million dollar per launch and 250k$ manuracturing cost alone, I am not sure this part of their cost model.
According to Gunter's space[1] they use kerosene and liquid oxygen (LOX) as propellant and oxidizer. According to this 2004 ESA study[2] "the most promising green propellant combinations considering toxicity, launcher aspects, storability, technology seems to be LOX-kerosene and LOX-propane". I don't know about the environmental impact of debris from a failed launch though.
I'd like to see companies have to pay some kind of 'litter tax'. Any item which is lost track of or dumped in the environment pays some $X per kg fee. The fee could vary based on the hazardous/non-hazardous/biodegradable nature. Then allow anyone else to get paid the same fee for collecting the litter, as long as they can show with reasonable certainty most of the stuff they collected is litter someone else paid tax on.
Does it matter if it’s a failed or successful launch? Successful launches are more energetic but 80% in mass of rocket usually are thrown into atmosphere, ocean and space, 70% of which being fuel, and 1/3 being upper stage gear that contains all the toxicity and that often reaches orbital velocity.
So a failed launch merely means the minuscule amount of hypertoxic upper stage component(the kind that found in Finnish mushrooms) adds into booster mass already destined for disposal.
Now, SpaceX does recover some of their hardware, but they still burn and disperse all the mass into atmosphere so there is not really a fundamental difference. It’s marketing and economy.
To-orbit propellants are never toxic unless you consider kerosene toxic. You may be thinking of e.g. hydrazine which is used in orbital thrusters. There probably is some of this on board, but rockets are always launched such that whatever is along the launch path is ocean or unpopulated area. Debris will sink or won't require much cleanup.
Deep space probes (which this is not) require a lot more prep since they contain radioactive materials on board.
Good point. These are all ICBM-derived rockets that used toxic hypergolic propellants so they could be stored for long periods and launched very quickly. (All hypergolic propellants are nasty things you don't want to get close to.) The only US rocket on your list is the Titan and it's been retired.
AFAIK no current US rockets for routine civilian or commercial use have hypergolic first stage propellants; long storage and quick launch are not required for these rockets.* Happy to be corrected if I'm wrong about that.
*Outside the US hypergolic propellants are still used anyway. Apparently the Long March and Proton-M are in this category.
$2.5M for putting 100kg into orbit. Versus SpaceX's price of $1M for 200kg into a Starlink inclination LEO. And since Astra didn't specify the orbit, it's probably an easier orbit, so an equivalent orbit is probably about 60kg.
And that price assumes a volume of 100 launches per year. Sure there's a market for cubesat's into bespoke orbits, but it isn't that big, AFAICT. If there was, RocketLab would have a lot more than 10 launches scheduled for 2020.
Astra says "constellations", but that makes even less sense. If you have a bunch of satellites to launch into the same orbit, a Falcon9 at $50M will get you 13000kg into LEO.
To make things worse, RocketLab is working on reusability, which gives them the potential to drop their prices significantly. They're already at just over twice the price for significantly more than twice the capability, and they don't consider 95% success rate "good enough".
Normally I'd just tell people to read the comments on a Ars Space article. Ars comments are my source of information for the my parent comment. But this article requires a bit more wading through crap comments to get to good stuff than an Ars space article usually has.
According to article, they plan to go under 1M. As for payload, they don't mention kilograms often - maybe it's not 100kg for later iterations, who knows. Obviously Astra is aware of the market.
18 comments
[ 36.9 ms ] story [ 1779 ms ] thread[1] https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/astra.htm [2] http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/2004ESASP.557E...4H...
So a failed launch merely means the minuscule amount of hypertoxic upper stage component(the kind that found in Finnish mushrooms) adds into booster mass already destined for disposal.
Now, SpaceX does recover some of their hardware, but they still burn and disperse all the mass into atmosphere so there is not really a fundamental difference. It’s marketing and economy.
Deep space probes (which this is not) require a lot more prep since they contain radioactive materials on board.
AFAIK no current US rockets for routine civilian or commercial use have hypergolic first stage propellants; long storage and quick launch are not required for these rockets.* Happy to be corrected if I'm wrong about that.
*Outside the US hypergolic propellants are still used anyway. Apparently the Long March and Proton-M are in this category.
https://nasapeople.nasa.gov/awards/eligibility.htm
Dava Newman explains:
https://airandspace.si.edu/stories/editorial/nasa-leader-exp...
And that price assumes a volume of 100 launches per year. Sure there's a market for cubesat's into bespoke orbits, but it isn't that big, AFAICT. If there was, RocketLab would have a lot more than 10 launches scheduled for 2020.
Astra says "constellations", but that makes even less sense. If you have a bunch of satellites to launch into the same orbit, a Falcon9 at $50M will get you 13000kg into LEO.
To make things worse, RocketLab is working on reusability, which gives them the potential to drop their prices significantly. They're already at just over twice the price for significantly more than twice the capability, and they don't consider 95% success rate "good enough".
I wish them luck, but it's a tough market.
According to article, they plan to go under 1M. As for payload, they don't mention kilograms often - maybe it's not 100kg for later iterations, who knows. Obviously Astra is aware of the market.