Ask HN: How to stop anxiety from too many choices?

287 points by dennisy ↗ HN
The obvious answer here is to reduce choices. However the past few months I am struggling hugely with anxiety which is rendering me incapable on some days to make any real progress on my goals; startup, learning & side projects.

When the pandemic began, and we lost our clients I have found myself in a constant state of ideation and future thinking, but once I start one of these (semi-pivots) I get worried that there is a better idea and go back to the drawing board.

How does one stop this process?

106 comments

[ 3.1 ms ] story [ 149 ms ] thread
I also struggle with this. I know I can rate the pros/cons of each and tally the points, but I also struggle from deciding which items should be weighed higher than others. I'm also aware that a lot of choices aren't as critical as I make them out to be but I somehow can't seem to get over this mental hurdles. For some background I'm very analytical, precise, and organized and a lot of times I absolutely hate it because it can be debilitating in normal aspects of life as well.
Agreed. I think stepping back and forcing myself to look at a “big picture” view of my situation and my choices has been helpful for me. It’s like you said, many of your choices probably aren’t as critical as your brain tells you they are—-I know that’s the case for me. A lot of times it really doesn’t matter whether I take path A or path B, as long as I’m still moving forward.
(comment deleted)
It’s a bit hard to give concrete advice without knowing more but it sounds like the anxiety is linked to a fear of failure?

You should try to weigh the pros and cons of your options as best you can, of course. You should also try to break down your tasks into achieveable goals as much as possible so as to build up your confidence as you achieve them and lessen your anxiety.

But at a certain point, you can only know and project so much about your options unless you actually try them. When you choose something, dont quit when you start to doubt if theres a better way. You aren’t actually equipped to make that evaluation until you have tried and succeeded/failed with your current path. Its a good thing to fail, it teaches you a lot going forward.

I think the real problem you need to address is your difficulty accepting risk, which i suspect is tied to a fear of failure. Start trying to convince yourself that mistakes are good things.

When choosing a path, plan benchmarks where you can step back and evaluate concrete work up until that point. Only consider changing your path if you have concrete evidence to prove that you’re going astray. And ask others for their opinions along the way, don’t do it all alone

Good luck

There’s a lot of mental gymnastics that are stopping the OP from attacking the problem. Fear of failure, perfectionism, and putting ideas on a pedestal are constructs of the ego.

The ego is most likely framing the entire situation as ‘What is this grand pivot that, if executed properly, will change everything?’. Very pretentious, don’t let your ego frame things in that manner.

Makes me think about "getting ahead of oneself" - e.g. thinking, worrying, too much about the future.

“Being where you are is bliss, thinking about where you want to be is suffering.”

Hence why meditation to observe your thoughts and observe if you react to thoughts is a useful practice for training yourself to be more in the present moment - because there's no gift like the present!

Sure, it’s a standard defense mechanism. The particular mental model you are describing, the ‘living in the future’ model, is often used by people on extreme ends to justify all types of bad behavior in the present. They begin to rationalize simple things like procrastinating, because ‘it won’t be like this in the future, so I am absolved of my actions in the present’.

The OP is effectively saying ‘I don’t have to do any work, because in the future I will have the perfect idea that will be worth working on’.

That’s the root issue that needs to be tackled, plenty of other posters have given frameworks for doing so (breaking things down, etc).

But we must keep the root cause in mind, because it will always pop up in other scenarios, e.g ‘It’s okay if I never followed up with this girl/guy, because one day I’ll meet a better girl/guy’, or, ‘I don’t have to care too much about this person, because he/she won’t be around in a few months’, etc.

It’s all part of the same framework, be vigilant.

Not the OP, but very insightful and very accurate. Thank you for this reminder.
Thanks for this, I have never viewed things in this manner. Do you have any suggestions, or maybe reading to tackle such a cause?
there's truth in this, a lot, but I find a little paradox that if bliss is here, why is everybody moving ?

I try to strike a balance between enjoying the moment and enjoying the change too.

Fear of failure which maybe is tied to "shoulds, wouldas, couldas" - 'I "should" have completed X' and if haven't completed it will instil a thinking pattern of guilt and shame, beating yourself up; solution is to catch yourself if you say "should", perhaps first having someone else point it out to you in conversation so you can start catching yourself, and then replacing "should" with say "need." It's subtle but it can be dramatic.
>> When you choose something, dont quit when you start to doubt if theres a better way. You aren’t actually equipped to make that evaluation until you have tried and succeeded/failed with your current path.

This is something I learned from my former boss (director of research): Don't try and evaluate your experiment before it's finished. See it through before checking your hypothesis.

First anxiety is real, you must/can manage it.

My trick is externalize and slow down ideas.

Instead of immediately pursuing ideas, enter small descriptions of them in a journal. That tends to cut down on the effort to remember them.

Also set an inverse deadline, that you are not going to start anything before the inverse deadline (and maybe even after).

I’ve never heard of an inverse deadline, but I find the concept intriguing. Kind of like a controlled, conscious procrastination?
I use the inverse deadline strategy for large purchases, and it’s been very successful. If I want to buy something over $X I spend N days before the purchase ($3,000 and three months for me). This helps reduce some of the emotional aspects of making large purchases for me.
I use the inverse deadline trick all the time for purchases. For example I decide I want the new “Apple gadget” that’s $1k+ or some other thing that I probably desire but don’t “need”. Then I tell myself I can buy it if I wait 30 days and A) Still want it. B) Have thought about it multiple times since the initial desire. Most times this stops me from impulse buying things a I don’t need. I prefer to live frugally and with less belongings, so it has worked well for my personality YMMV.
I really like this idea, do you use anything specific for the ideas journal?
Best trick I've found is options + tiebreaker + timer. First step is writing down the choices I can't decide between. Then my tiebreaker is flipping a coin. Doesn't matter what you use, something just has to take the choice out of your hands. Then I time myself, usually 30 minutes, and after that time I allow myself back into a new decision mode.
Flip a coin.

You don't have to stick with the result, but just try it on mentally for a second and feel your response. If your immediate response to the decision that had been made for you is negative, then discard that choice entirely.

Or ask the debug rubber duck.

Two methods that have helped me:

* Have an ideas journal. Write new ideas down there, and don't start with any of them in less than two weeks. This lets you get over the initial enthusiasm - and perhaps new better ideas will push less useful ones out of the way in that time. If something stays at the top of your list for weeks, then perhaps it is useful.

* If you are having trouble deciding between a small number of fixed options, roll the dice. The very fact that you are having trouble deciding means that (within the information available to you right now) all choices are equally good. And sometimes when you see the dice rolling and know that the decision will happen now you realise which one you want.

Also useful with dice-rolling: if you realize you absolutely hate the option the dice chose, and prefer something else, you now know what to actually get started on!
This one is true. And quite often, before seeing the result, you will wish it to be one of the option. (In this case, you know what you need)
I remember hearing this on freakonomics. I really enjoyed this solution although I rarely use it in practice.
you yourself said the answer (reduce choices). just because it is obvious does not mean that it is not difficult. choose one thing to go deep on, and adjust as you learn more information. make sure you actually go deep though - don't just adjust as soon as things get difficult.

life is also really hard so try to have a sense of humor along the way - this is all one big game :)

It might just be anxiety and not something related to your choices - I recommend seeing a therapist and thinking about treatment options. I was in the same situation and looking back it had less to do with my external stressors and more with me.
Learn to embrace the randomness... Rate all the pros/cons is a insane way of living. Is it has to many choices, start on the choice you will never take or just take the minimum risk (both are bad choices, but is a start). In time you will understand that choices don't mater and you will have more time to apreciate what maters most... your live.
Maybe time box the pivot. Maybe start three different pivots at the same time? Maybe go on vacation. Vacation brings clarity.
I find it's helpful to write down the idea and let it sit for a while. Then I make a pros/cons table on a different day and try to compare the ideas on a scale of 1-10 on various metrics that seem important. Often the decision becomes clear at this point. If it's still not clear, toss a coin and monitor your reaction. If it's negative, take the other decision.

Stay nimble down the road and reconsider if you made the right decision, but with a bias to sticking it out with what you chose. It's better to make the wrong choice and realize it soonish than to make no choice at all.

I have a problem getting distracted by new shiny ideas, so I don't allow myself any real pivots until I at least get past the MVP state. I tell myself to finish and launch it, even if nobody uses it, just to prove I can finish stuff.

Asking HN seems like it would offer more possible solutions to your problem than you had to begin with. Is this intended?
Try to read the Paradox Of choice by barry schwartz. It deals with exactly that issue.
5mg propranolol. Absolute game changer for me. I had no idea how on edge I was all the time until I felt what it was like to turn that knob down a bit.

Edit: Obviously, talk to your doctor/psychiatrist etc, I am not a physician.

Understanding that deciding to weight the choices is also a a choice and not necessarily always a useful one :)
I think my advice would be to try to pick one of the easier options (maybe not the easiest, but probably also not a complex and risky option) and decide beforehand that you'll see it through until some goal (or perhaps for a certain number of hours).

It also helps to have someone who works on a similar thing, to exchange thoughts, vent frustration, and perhaps receive encouragement.

This may sound unpopular, but the problem is the anxiety itself, not your plethora of choices. Removing the nubmer of choices likely will not remove the apprehension you have towards them. There are two resolutions to this problem:

1) Perseverance

2) Medication

My recommendation is to seek out a mental health professional to provide you a medical solution, which is a treatment regiment and not necessarily pills. I would consider a pharmaceutical answer only as a last resort and if the condition is severe, as determined by your mental health professional.

That being said perseverance, resiliency, is perhaps the best treatment path if you free to make major life changes and your anxiety is not a crippling mental health disorder. I have encountered many people who have had, in my opinion, a rather boring and easy life thrust into a world of making decisions they are not prepared for. The resulting scenario is a variety of relatively minor mental health ailments, which is a coping disorder more than anything else.

This has been studied to death in the military, largely as a result of the military's higher than civilian average suicide rate. The primary reason suicides are higher in the military, and in law enforcement, is that there are default behaviors limit and deter suicidal ideation, such as fear of death. Many military members and law enforcement learn to overcome that fear and so are less restricted from suicide as a matter of behavior alone. Once those factors are taken off the table and suicides are examined purely from the statistical data correlation the largest demographic is young white males from suburban middle-class families. The demographic with the lowest suicide rate are black females from lower-income households of any age. The data suggests the primary differential factor is proximity and frequency of hardships prior to entering the military, as in learned coping mechanisms.

Coping mechanisms are skills that can still be learned as adults, but only if you are willing to accept that there is a current problem state and that some change is required. This is why there are stories of people going on extreme out of routine adventures, which result in something they might describe as a religious experience.

In my own experience, having done this a few times, I find that I have exchanged one set of anxieties for others I didn't realize were ever present. I am embarking on my 5th military deployment and my 8 or 9th multi-month family separation due to military. My marriage and bold with my kids are strong and being away is no longer a point of anxiety. We have simply figured out how to make it work well for us. I used to be anxious about learning professional skills and getting a better corporate job, but after having gone through that a few times and playing the corporate game I am confident in my capabilities don't really care to play this game. Now, I am anxious to be work as a corporate developer from the boredom, limited responsibilities, low stress, long periods of downtime, and so forth. I see the things my coworkers stress over and I remember being stressed about those things many years ago and the familiar uncertainty of work, but its just not a big deal. I suppose I should have been careful what I wished for.

Looks like this HN thread is also going to give you a lot of options. Now you need to be careful to choose which one to go for :)
Choose the idea you're fully passionate about and drop the others (put them in an icebox).
Unfortunately this has more than often led me to realize I'm not quite capable of working on the things in passionate about.
I don't think this is possible. On this planet, if you are willing to put in a solid effort, people will take it. Or am I overlooking something?
Its possible to put in a solid effort and fall flat. For natural reasons, such as the limits of our intelligence or institutional reasons, i.e. I lack access to the tools to work on my passions because they're highly regulated, expensive, etc.
What kind of tools are that? I ask because I am sure I can point you towards a solution. Please give me more detail.
Pick one randomly and get to work. You can't tell which ideas in life will be most profitable, so you may as well do ANY of them now instead of hurting your mental health waffling between them.