or Napier (Rabdologiæ), but at some point I'd read a (seven-/eighteenth century) paper which explicitly called out steganography as an application of binary encodings.
This might be a widely known secret by now, but here's an example of musician Aphex Twin hiding his face in a spectrogram of one of his songs:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M9xMuPWAZW8
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[ 3.6 ms ] story [ 28.8 ms ] threadhttps://www.theverge.com/2015/1/7/7483235/the-code-colombian...
(It has been on HN before but not recently I think.)
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ads-00104781/document
or Napier (Rabdologiæ), but at some point I'd read a (seven-/eighteenth century) paper which explicitly called out steganography as an application of binary encodings.