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The article says this will tax unrealized gains on assets held by "exceptionally wealthy individuals," but what does that mean? Do folks who have equity options at a startup get hit by this?
Other articles are saying that the criteria for the tax to apply is $1 billion in assets, or three consecutive years of $100 million or more in income.

I didn't look into the exact wording of the tax, but it would presumably apply to equity options the same as any other option. However, it would only apply to those who met one of the two criteria.

Are you one of the 700 top billionaires? If you have to ask this, it doesn't apply to you.
First they came for the billionaires…
According to the first paragraph of this article, it targets "the country's roughly 700 billionaires".

It seems pretty safe to say that regular individuals at the vast majority of start-ups would not be affected.

Really I think this question speaks to one of the core problems around taxation discussion of extreme-net-worth individuals; there is a huge difference between winning $20M in the start-up lottery, and being a literal billionaire.

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This is a twist on a somewhat similar system used in the Netherlands, I think. Over there, you pay 4% (or something like that; some amount of gains are 'assumed') on the assets you are holding, such as stock, every year.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxation_in_the_Netherlands#Bo...

Here, the proposal is that if the asset is held and grows in value, then it will be taxed without it being sold (i.e., the unrealized gains will be taxed).

I very much doubt if this will pass without legal challenges, and it may not stand up to close scrutiny in court.

That would be a wealth tax, which seems to be verboten in the US.
No, it's not a wealth tax. Wealth Tax is usually understood to be the tax imposed on wealth transfer, for example when a wealthy person dies and the estate passes on to his heirs. Wealth Tax is not verboten in the US, it's actually very much a fact (it's known as Estate Tax), and wealthy people spend considerable time and money dealing with it. The current wealth tax exemption limit is $11.7 Million (i.e., you don't pay a penny of estate tax if your estate is valued at this number or below). Estates larger than $11.7 million are subject to Estate Tax. And large gifts made during the lifetime of the person whose estate is taxed also bite into the exemption amount of $11.7 million.
Wealth Tax is usually understood to be the tax imposed on wealth transfer, for example when a wealthy person dies and the estate passes on to his heirs

Agree to disagree. What you’ve described is an Estate Tax or Gift Tax, which are not the same thing as a Wealth Tax.

A Wealth Tax is usually defined as a tax on the net wealth a person holds; transfers are not necessary. This is how both Wikipedia and Investopedia define it.

In the USA, Estate Tax is synonymous with Wealth Tax, and it is the commonly-understood usage. There are very few countries that tax (financial) assets where no gain is realized (i.e., they are not sold or exchanged). The Netherlands (and a handful of other European countries) have the system of taxing unrealized gains, but this usage of 'Wealth Tax' is pretty much obsolete all over the world.
In the USA, Estate Tax is synonymous with Wealth Tax, and it is the commonly-understood usage.

That is simply not true.

- Estate Taxes are about taxing the transfer of assets upon someone’s death.

- Wealth taxes are about taxing the overall net wealth someone has at a given point in time. Gains have little to do with it; there could be ten billion dollars in cash under your mattress and you would still be subject to a hypothetical wealth tax.

In case you are not convinced, here are an overwhelming number of links using this definition:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wealth_tax

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/w/wealth-tax.asp

https://www.pgpf.org/blog/2021/03/what-is-a-wealth-tax-and-s...

https://taxfoundation.org/wealth-tax/

https://berniesanders.com/issues/tax-extreme-wealth/

Exceptionally wealthy is government speak for "not you ... yet".
Another option: Stop spending money on dumb stuff to free up money for important stuff.

When the EPA is paying $5000/piece for office chairs, they have all the money they need to combat climate change. The need to run like a startup.

Yes, we should gut our military spending which would fund all the important stuff
Better learn chinese then.
I'm a big fan of really reducing our military in size/budget but I think this is an easy one to pick on but once you start peeling back layers it gets more and more difficult. Personally I'd rather phase out programs like Social Security that I'll never see a dime of yet have to pay for, and/or combine multiple programs into a UBI of sorts. But then once you start talking about these things (like hey let's get rid of the TSA or the military) you start to realize... they are jobs programs and what are you going to do with so many people out of work? Will they start tech companies? Beats me. At least the military enforces the Petrodollar system which benefits you (assuming you're an American) so it's not like it's just all sunk cost or something.

Outside of the general "no" from some people w.r.t universal health care I think that's another reason the federal government has been so unproductive in just making it happen. You going to fire all of those people and completely re-tool the economy? It's not that easy.

But also the military while a large portion of the budget isn't that crazy relative to what we're doing. Should we pull out of Germany, Japan, and South Korea? Only sell weapons? Should we pull forces out of the Pacific and let China conquer Taiwan (or unify depending on your perspective)? I think it starts to get very complicated, very quickly.

-edit-

A quick tangent unrelated to your comment is that we've been trained to assume that all government spending is "waste" which is kind of irritating. Items like the infrastructure bill (or at least components of it at a minimum) can be viewed as investments with ROI instead.

Unfortunately it wouldn't remotely begin to scratch the surface of funding our spending issues.

The US is facing perma trillion dollar annual budget deficits, even with tax hikes.

You could reduce our military spending to a reasonable 2% of GDP - ~$450 billion - and the difference wouldn't even cover half of our debt interest per year at this point. The US probably needs to be spending $150-$200 billion on additional annual infrastructure spending at this point, for at least a decade. Entitlements or healthcare? Throwing an extra $100 billion at those per year is a drop in the bucket ($100b = ~2.6% of US healthcare spending per year).

For 20 years spending growth has been far outpacing economic growth, it has been plainly unsustainable for a long time. Now we're putting everything on the global reserve USD credit card.

You can't keep growing spending at 7-8% while your economy grows at half that rate or less - unless you're willing to go the currency debasement route, which is what they've chosen thus far.

That's about ten percent of spending. The social safety net (the important stuff) is already most spending: https://www.cbo.gov/publication/57170

Cutting military spending to politicians usually means something else, like cutting benefits to warriors who've already served (thus not really military spending).

Can you provide proof they spent that on chairs?
I'm assuming the "source" is something they saw on a Facebook group
How is your assumption anything better than a FB group?

I Ducked 'epa expensive office chairs' and got this : https://www.forbes.com/sites/adamandrzejewski/2015/10/01/epa...

Story's crap, see my post about the exact same piece, above. TL;DR the actual story is "EPA spent about $600 per employee per year on office furniture and moving and storage expenses related to office furniture, over 10 years" which is... not a story.
Well, as far as I glanced it, it did cover multiple chairs of 4k+. Which is admittedly not 5k, but is not crap either.

The fact you are spreading it over 10 years does not make the 4k chair suddenly cheap.

The piece: "ZOMG that's a $6,000 office furnishing budget per employee!"; Also the piece: "Over 10 years, and that includes various moving and storage costs including things like emptying a building of all furniture before renovations begin, and that includes stuff like conference room tables and who knows what else, so it's not like employees personally got the benefit of anywhere near that $600/yr" (and yes, I checked, the $6,000 is the over-10-years figure, not per year, which would be way too much, plus they're dividing by a number of employees that's significantly lower than what they had for some of those years)

Yes, some furniture pieces are very expensive. No, that's not always unjustifiable. Nice furniture that works well and will last continues to cost actual money—compare it to Ikea or Ashley Furniture or whatever, and it'll always look expensive. It's also possible they're under restrictions, explicit or implicit, about where they can spend that money—your budget-tier options are going to be limited or nonexistent if you're restricted to American companies, for instance. Given these figures, what they were not doing was giving any significant percentage of their employees insanely-nice furniture.

I'm also curious how many of the top-end items the piece singles out were for political appointees' offices. That could be corruption, sure, but it's a very different kind of issue from the EPA itself having a spending problem.

Meanwhile, $600/employee/yr seems well within the bounds of normal.

Piece is bullshit.

[EDIT] it's also—and this was the most credible-looking source I could find for this, mind you—some guy "reporting" on figures that an organization he heads came up with. Check the about-the-author bit at the bottom. So. There's that.

[EDIT EDIT] I just checked Herman Miller's price book. That $15,000 conference room table the article calls out (inattentive reader: "Oh my god, my dining room table only cost $300 at Ikea, that's insane!")? Based on what I'm seeing, it must have been enormous. Think "20 feet long" enormous. Tables that big are expensive. Are there cheaper ones? Yes. Are 100% of tables that size—which are in limited demand—going to seem absurdly expensive when presented this way? Also yes.

So first you assume it is a FB group, and when you get called out on it with the Forbes article, the piece is bullshit.

You sure do need a lot of characters though.

> So first you assume it is a FB group,

Who's "you"? Not me.

> and when you get called out on it with the Forbes article

I posted the Forbes opinion piece on my own, elsewhere, before spotting that someone else had also posted it. I was not "called out".

> You sure do need a lot of characters though.

So does the (bad, i.e. intentionally misleading) Forbes piece.

It's plainly shit judging just from what's in the piece itself, and it's written by an explicitly, as noted in the piece biased author. Is there a better piece on this? Everything else I could find was on very sketchy sites and repeated the same stuff. Of course since the numbers themselves, as gathered by an organization run by the person writing the piece, don't tell the story the article wants you to think it's telling, I think it's a fair guess that no such "good version" of this piece exists.

It's a bunch of crap, as stated, not matching even what's claimed by the less-reputable sources I could find. Here's an OK-ish source that uses the same numbers as even worse sources:

https://www.forbes.com/sites/adamandrzejewski/2015/10/01/epa...

However, the story is 1) old, 2) overblown crap, and 3) I can't find any other angles on this to fill in gaps—I'm wondering in particular whether some of their choices of vendors are due to requirements to spend X% of their non-wage budget with US companies, or other, similar pressure.

Regarding #2, once you work your way past the deliberately-bad use of math required to make this look like "news", it amounts to, "the EPA spent ~$600 per worker per year on office furniture and expenses related to office furniture like storage and moving fees"—which seems... entirely normal? Even low? The story only looks like a story at a glance because they intentionally misrepresent what's going on. All the pieces are there to figure it out, to their credit, but once you work through it it's not newsworthy whatsoever.

This is, as they say, fake news.

[EDIT] the piece also seems to rely on people not generally knowing what it costs to buy furniture that'll last 10+ years under heavy use. Even cheap large conference room tables are not cheap, actually. Now, if they're buying these then throwing them out after a couple years, and it's not just the political appointees at the top doing this, then there's reason to complain about the agency itself.

unfounded claims aside, $5000 on an office chair sounds like a startup to me :)
As long as the $5000 is going to American hands only, that's probably a good thing. What we need to do is bolster companies that don't outsource the US $.
https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/sep/24/golden-hamm...

This is a painful read. $814 for a container for pencils? Really? Even more egregious is highly-paid (and I really mean, highly paid, even more than most SV people) employees who do not show up for work (the kicker: they also got bonuses, apparently)!

But this is chump change compared to some of the excesses of last year. The Paycheck Protection Program was basically a huge stimulus program, with many loans being 'forgiven'. That's right, going concerns that anticipated difficulties in operating their businesses (note that they had not actually run into trouble) took out these loans that were later forgiven. This program was nearly a trillion. That's a Trillion. With a T. I'm sure some of this saved businesses from going under, tiding them over until they could recover, but in a highly inefficient, wasteful way. Of course, it will be cast as 'Stimulus' when fiscally-minded people ask for an accounting, and more taxes, such as this one, which lays hands on unrealized gains, will be proposed to fund such 'Stimulus' benders!

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The problem of government budgets is that you either spend it or you lose it
It’s nice to see they have started to refer to this for what it really is rather than an infrastructure bill. Thank God for Manchin and Sineme even though I suspect they will cave when there are enough sweeteners specific to them. I hope I am wrong about that.
Manchin's days as a Democrat are largely over. He'll never win re-election in West Virginia in the Senate unless he sticks carefully to the center or goes right. And of course he is fully aware of it.

Arizona is more of a mixed right / left scenario, so Sinema should be slightly better positioned. She doesn't need to worry nearly so much about being voted out as Manchin.

Paywall, but yes, great. Sucks they're limiting the tax to the 0.0001% instead of the 1% though but understand.
To be in the top 1% by income a family has to earn $421,926 (basically povetry level in Bay Area)

https://www.cnbc.com/2018/07/27/how-much-you-have-to-earn-to...

You didn’t just claim $421,926 per year for a family in the Bay Area is “basically poverty level” did you?
Yes, they did. This is why everyone hates Silicon Valley tech bros.
Some people seem to have a very skewed perspective on "poverty". "After paying all of the expenses for my upper-middle-class lifestyle, and saving for retirement, and supporting my aging parents, I have barely anything left over. It's basically poverty!!"
Classic Hacker News: I earn $800k at my FAANG job which puts me barely above the poverty line in CA. Please don't raise my taxes or I'll be living under a bridge.
You see, after funding my incredibly comfortable lifestyle and saving for retirement, I only have a thousand per month to spend on toys.
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High COL is not an excuse to avoid paying higher taxes. If you can't afford CA (you definitely can on $421k) then live somewhere else. There are dev jobs everywhere.
But they already paying higher taxes, that what progressive tax scale is for!
The top 0.1% - 10% already pay the majority of taxes in the US. Beyond 0.1% the tax rate drops off due to loopholes in the tax code.

Eliminating all of the loopholes, re-evaluating the marginal tax rates, and taxes on corporate income or a VAT make sense. Unfortunately it seems to easy to whip up people into a frenzy about some of those solutions because they can't math.

> Under the “Billionaire Income Tax” proposal, the federal government would require billionaires to pay taxes on the increased value of assets such as stocks on an annual basis, regardless of whether they sell those assets.

> They could also take deductions for any annual loss in value of those assets.

> House of Representatives Speaker Nancy Pelosi said on Sunday the plan has plenty of appeal but that it may only bring in $200 billion to $250 billion, requiring fellow Democrats to rely on other revenue raisers to fully pay for their plan.

> "The billionaires tax ... has an appeal, but it doesn't produce that much money," she told CNN.

This whole idea is thoroughly underbaked. In an economic downturn, the government could end up losing money in this scheme. And it would take less money from the wealthy than a garden variety VAT would.

Don't they have to spend it for a VAT to take effect? The idea of this tax was that the billionaires would get taxed even on unrealized gains (maybe not the exact correct term). That is, they couldn't just sit on the money. With a VAT, they can.

But Pelosi shows that this runs into the usual problem of big-spending plans - they run out of other people to take the money from. Eventually, they have to take the money from you, no matter how much they promised the wouldn't...

If the problem is that billionaires are taking out loans against their unrealized gains, at least with a VAT you are taxing them on everything they are buying with the loan.
No, I don't think that's the problem[1]. It's the unrealized gains, whether or not they take out loans. And I suspect (with no data) that by far, most unrealized gains have no loans against them.

[1] There are two versions of what "the problem" is. The first is that people can accumulate assets, completely untaxed, in the form of unrealized capital gains. The other problem is "we [Congress] don't have enough money". For either problem, VAT doesn't really address it.

This is so easy to game it's not even funny. Anyone could simply choose to donate the money instead, hell, they could take a tax cut for that.

They could donate it to their own foundations. After all, money doesn't matter directly, control of money matters.

They could split the money beforehand and "not be billionnaires".

I am once again asking for a progressive tax on corporate revenue.

Scale breeds corruption, monopoly and power imbalances which lead to market distortions. If you love the free market, you should support a progressive tax on revenue that would allow small businesses to compete with megacorps by taxing revenue based on corp size - make it financially beneficial to spin off smaller companies to be independent entities.

Billionaires are largely a symptom of excessive corporate power in our nation.

This is the answer really. Wealth accumulation and powerful enterprises lobbying and dividing societies in their own interests. Whether its BP making you believe your own carbon footprint offsets there or social media giants playing to one-side in an election to keep favourable rules in place. You won't see this common sense in politics though as it would open more competition if they weren't able to using lobbying to support their own reelections.
Milton Friedman of all people actually had a really clever solution for this all back in the day:

> …the abolition of the corporate income tax, … with the requirement that corporations be required to attribute their income to stockholders, and that stockholders be required to include such sums on their tax returns.

Basically treat all corporate income as pass-through income to shareholders. So if Acme Co has 1 million shareholders and they generate $100 million in revenue, each shareholder adds $100 in income to their personal income taxes next year. If corporations want to keep shareholders, they will need to pay out dividends at least enough to cover the tax bill. But that's between shareholders and corporations.

So here's a grocery store that has profit of 1% of revenue. They (or their shareholders) have to pay tax on the revenue? That can't work - not without them raising prices 20% or so...
You could easily devise it so that expenses are also passed through, but I wouldn't mind if corporate grocery stores lost their tax advantage and had to raise prices to be more competitive with mom and pop stores that operate as S Corps.
Pushing megacorps out of low-profit high-revenue businesses is one of the benefits of this policy.

We'd be better off if every grocery store was independently competitive with other grocery stores.

But would we be better off with 20% higher grocery prices so that the government has the money they want?
What? No we wouldn’t. A small mom and pop cant get the same prices based on volume.

In the end consumers just pay higher food prices.

No thanks. Scale breeds efficiency which the consumer often benefits from.

Can you imagine instead of Tesla we had half a dozen electric car companies pumping out a few thousand units per year?

That would suck bad.

> I am once again asking for a progressive tax on corporate revenue.

Just call for a national sales tax and be done with it. Later on, you can transition to a VAT once you see it fixes some of the problems with a pure sales tax.

It’s funny we can’t even discuss cutting spending.
Or re-allocating existing spending based on more rational priorities.

We're spending the equivalent of 40%+ of our economy on government (federal + state + local). How does our return on investment look the past 20 years during the great spending growth bonanza (which, amusingly, George W Bush & Co. ushered in)? Extraordinarily poor.

The US spends like it's a Scandinavian nation, without the positive outcome. We have so little to show for our government spending it's quite grotesque.

We need a dramatically overhauled taxation system. We should stop using taxes as a cudgel to promote political agendas or enforce moral virtues.
That's what voters want, sin and "nudge" taxes. It's a way to express power over other people to get them to do what you want, which is the purpose of democracy.
The current tax system is weird. If you're poor it's pretty straightforward. If you're middle-class you get hit by weird rules that don't make sense and can end paying a lot of taxes. Some examples are international tax rules and AMT on stock options. When you get very wealthy (IE net worth >25M is required for good wealth/tax management) you end up paying very little taxes.

I'd prefer real solutions to the tax system instead of applying more duct-tape to it.

The same for the climate plans. Any real solution requires an efficient carbon pricing market. Instead we get a subsidy on all electric cars other than Tesla.

Why have zero politicians suggested unifying our income tax with qualified dividends/capital gains? It seems like such an obvious move that I must be missing something...
middle class buys a 500k house, which is more than they have. wealthy people buy a house but it is only a fraction of their wealth. Proportions are different Simple thing as food too, they might eat more expensive but if you look at it they only buy food for 0.01% of their wealth and middle class 10%. (fictional numbers but roughly this is how it is)
I wonder whether this will add volatility to the stock market, since now there is less incentive for billionaires to buy-and-hold.
700 billionaires stat mentioned (they have 5000-6000 billion) 200-250 billion tax income

That is a 5% tax estimate on total wealth, if you take the percentage of actual wealth increase then it is much higher.

To be honest a fixed percentage tax would then be better because it will force them to invest, too big percentage and they will have to take risky investments, and forcing people in that corner is not good.

What do you mean “force them to invest”? This is a tax on unrealized capital gains. The money is already invested. If anything they’d need to sell investments to pay the tax.
And then also have to pay income tax (or capital gains tax) on the profits from the sale.
I agree. The population of the USA is increasing. After India and China, it is the most populous country.

It is better for the United States to look at Indian Tax structures and codes. Because that’s this country’s future. You can’t have a thin section of tax payers supporting the majority of the population.

Developed vs developing countries is not just about standard of living. It is about GDP and what percentage of the population is productive. By that measure, America is a developing country.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developing_country A developing country is a country with a less developed industrial base and a low Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.[1] However, this definition is not universally agreed upon. There is also no clear agreement on which countries fit this category.[2][3] The term low and middle-income country (LMIC) is often used interchangeably but refers only to the economy of the countries. The World Bank classifies the world's economies into four groups, based on Gross National Income per capita: high, upper-middle, lower-middle, and low income countries. Least developed countries, landlocked developing countries and small island developing states are all sub-groupings of developing countries. Countries on the other end of the spectrum are usually referred to as high-income countries or developed countries.

It’s good that soak-the-rich tax schemes never backfire :/
The tax code is an iron rod of oppression and needs to be nuked from orbit, then replaced with a coherent system.

At the same time, Congress needs to budget in a sane way.