Ask HN: How can I continue working as long as possible?
I know that a lot of people on HN are focused on retiring as early as possible. However, for a variety of reasons (some within my control and some not) it seems unlikely that I will ever be able to afford a comfortable retirement despite my efforts to save. I've heard from others in my peer group that they are in the same boat.
Let's say that I am in my 30s now, reasonably healthy both mentally and physically, and want to take steps that will allow me to continue working in a technical field for as long as possible (40+ years) so that I can maintain my income well into old age.
What are some things I should start doing now and/or think about doing in the future that will allow me to stay "on my game" in terms of being able to work and earn a living?
65 comments
[ 3.2 ms ] story [ 121 ms ] threadDrink water, eat healthy, exercise regularly, get enough sleep, have an active romantic and social life.
https://www.reddit.com/r/starterpacks/comments/6wszws/why_do...
It sounds like you have career and budgeting down.
They would involve making lots of friends in the industry and continually learning. I would suggest really really deep learning. I recently worked with a guy in his 60s who deeply understood python and specific open source libraries (contributing to them as well) in a specific industry (e-commerce).
i have thought about this many times. sometimes i think that "networking" needs to be built into the job, and this is not the case for engineering roles.
I agree with you that there so is many language fads and things you could learn. I spent several hundreds hours on different Udemy things over the last few years. That's why I think just focus deeply on one or two areas like my ecommerce friend. Any new grade can learn the basics of whatever fad in a couple months so you don't want to be competing for that anyway.
I don’t go to conferences myself. But if I consider people in my network who I would vouch for it’s:
- Classmates from schools or various programs who I became friends with or joined the same clubs so I find them interesting
- Coworkers who got things done and seemed smart. They had my back and always made sure the right person got credit for things.
- Various meetups and events in my city. My particular interest is Biohacking and startups in general but I am sure there are crypto, healthcare, self driving, hacking, or meetups in whatever topic you might have interest.
- People I only met once or only through LinkedIn messages. They went out of there way to recommend for a job or help in some way when I asked.
I will say it’s far easier to network in person. People trust you more. And it’s far easier to network when you have done something cool to that other person. (self projects, sold a company, etc)
(Flip side is don't promise shit you know just isn't going to happen, and if you mis-calibrated make it known as early as possible you can't meet original expectations, people like that because they can plan instead of being blind sided)
oh no
Generally "stay willing to learn new things" seems like decent advice no matter what you're doing.
Generally, applying for jobs is a young person's game. As one gets older, a lot of the opportunities come through the network you've built, so investing in building a network is an absolute must.
But at some point, even the concept of "having a job" gets precarious. So investing early in building the skills to generate your income independently of an employer is super worthwhile for career longevity. It's harder to master than yet another framework, but will do more to guarantee your income.
A big part of building this skill is figuring out a market you can serve, and the needs of that market. It's more likely to be an existing product or service, but over time one builds their own unique take on it, so that over time one becomes the best at servicing a particular type of client. This, coupled with ongoing investments in networking, is the closest thing one can get to "job security" in modern labor markets.
Management skills (meaning, managing others). It might not be your cup of tea, but not having them after a certain point devalues you.
Hobbies.
Being proactive in learning new techs you actually like.
I’d focus on building a diverse age range in your professional network. You need younger people in your network to stay aware of technical and cultural changes, and you need older people in your network to better understand the challenges you’ll face later on.
Eyestrain literally vaporises.
For me the most important is to keep starting new things and learning new very hard things (for me) and trying to apply them in business(es). The rest, at least to me, is rather obvious; stay healthy and don't overwork or work with toxic people. I made all those mistakes.
Another one is: learn to manage. If if you are a coder, your eyesight will weaken, you might get all kinds of physical issues even though fit; as a manager, even on a small scale, you can last much longer with those problems.
Build networks; you do not want to do job interviews at 60 if needed. Your network has to be solid enough to ask for a job and get one without any vetting. That is an advantage of getting older: this is very possible if you keep up this network.
But, rolling back to your post: why can you not retire? Thought about moving somewhere were this is not a problem? Because if you don't enjoy your work, it makes it vastly harder to keep it up.
For background: I came from a poor family with a history of substance abuse problems. I lifted myself out of my family situation by attending and graduating college, but in order to do so I had to take on a combination of student loan and credit card debt, most of which I am still paying off despite having a decent tech industry income. No one ever taught me to save, so I had to learn budgeting and finance management on my own while I was in college. I didn't start really saving until a couple of years ago when things sort of stabilized.
Currently I am able to save about 5% of my income for retirement with a match from my employer. However, every "retirement calculator" that I use basically says I will fall well short of replacing most of my income in retirement, even if I assume Social Security will fill in a portion (which is uncertain to me). I also don't currently own my own home and that also feels like a very far off prospect if not an impossibility.
> Thought about moving somewhere were this is not a problem?
I have considered moving to a cheaper area, but unfortunately that means no longer being near some family connections so it's not a simple decision. My current job also adjusts salaries based on regional cost of living, so I'd have to factor that into the equation.
> I am one of the people who never wants to retire
Honestly, this is also a factor for me. I am very fortunate that I like the work that I do and work is, for better or worse, where I get most of my social interactions. I have some hobbies but none of them make me feel as engaged as when I am solving a technical challenge or working on a high-level business problem.
My spouse and I also joke that we might kill each other if we're both just puttering around the house without anything "productive" to do.
Secondly, while I admire the drive never to want to retire because you'd be bored, I think it's a huge power-up to be able to have what Nassim Taleb calls f-you money (enough money to be able to tell your boss, "F-you, I'm leaving" if they make one too many unreasonable requests. For me, having something approximating that (initially just six months' worth of expenses in cash) has allowed me to make better decisions, take some risks which resulted in good payoffs, and just generally have more fun. I'd highly recommend aiming for this rather than just accepting that you'll be working forever.
So with that said I'm wondering if you can go into more detail on your financial situation. If you work in tech in my country, I'd suggest it's possible for most people in tech to earn 100k+ if they're not utterly incompetent. (I realise I might be in a bubble here, but where I am and what I'm seeing this is reasonable.) If you're on that salary, a savings rate of 50+% is completely achievable. To have a savings rate of 5-10% while working in tech suggests to me that something's off. Are you able to share a bit more info on that? Is it the repayments on your debt?
Just in case nobody has pointed this out to you yet, if you're in the US, how you use the tax system can make an enormous difference in your personal wealth and your generational wealth. Learning how to invest in tax-advantaged ways (backdoor 401k, tax loss harvesting, real estate transfers, trusts, donation funds, etc) is extremely complicated, but it is possible to deep dive enough to understand how it applies to you.
The US incentivizes a lot of risk taking and keeps an elite class by requiring obscure knowledge about tax laws. Most of it is "buy, borrow, die" with a lot of nuance to do it optimally.
US Dollars are losing value faster than ever, so saving in a bank is not a valid strategy. Optimally, all dollars should be invested in assets immediately, ideally assets you can easily borrow against at a low rate as you need dollars.
The whole system is crazy.
For really rich people, "life insurance" is the money they borrow against while they're alive, "living trusts" are how they pass money along to their heirs when they're dead, and "investments" are things they will never sell.
I strongly disagree with this advice; middle class people trying to imitate rich people with trusts and financial advisors and so on are just letting leeches siphon off their money with fees.
Tax exempt investments are easy to find, they just pay less than taxable investments. If you're not in the top tax bracket, you're playing yourself.
Inheritance taxes only apply to the extremely rich anymore. Avoiding probate with a trust or something does not mean avoiding taxes.
>Most of it is "buy, borrow, die" with a lot of nuance to do it optimally
Oh, yeah, it's easy, step 1 is buy something, wait till it goes up. If it doesn't go up, don't buy it.
Are you making at LEAST $150,000USD?
Currently a SWE at $BIG_TECH_COMPANY making very good money. 100% of my income goes to paying off debt which, like the OP of this post, was acquired by attending school with no support from addict parents.
I have ~80k in debt. At 12.5%, 8.5%, and ~6% APR. I think I will at some point be able to retire if the next 20 years are the same as the past 20 years. Although: the stock market is at record high values and property prices are at record highs. I don't know how to explain why this is the case though. Nothing is preventing our 401ks from buying into stocks at today's price and the rug getting pulled and getting completely screwed.
2 years left at my current plan with 401k contributions, taxes, holding stocks, etc.
Education loans persist through a bankruptcy, which is why they exist in the first place.
But i do agree that 12.5% is really high - not credit card debt high, but pretty close!
I'll say this: headhunters are worthless after you turn 50. What works is jobs lists (like right here on HN), Craigslist and word of mouth.
I _think_ I can retire, but I like software, and I like working with people. And lying on the beach bores me after a day.
You aren't doing it right then.
Switch to a mostly stock-based compensation. Capital gain is much better than employment income.
Marry wisely. One of the biggest financial hits I took was a very costly divorce.
Don't be afraid to move to lower cost areas. Maybe not today, but realize that you might need to at different points in life in order to maximize your savings.
Realize that you might need to find a career niche or even a different career that value your age and experience. I did this and it's working well.
Take good care of your body and mind so that you can continue to work.
Live modestly. This isn't about whether you drink Starbucks every morning, but rather whether you use your money overall in the smartest way possible. If you live modestly, you can live on less, which means if you get to a point where you need to make career compromises you are in a position to do that.
If you are in tech, consider going to work at blue chip firm that makes its money in tech. You'll have variety in your career and it is likely they will still be in business 10, 20, 30 years from now, ie: if part of your desire to work a long time also revolves around stability and the likelihood you won't lose your job in a merger, etc at an age where it would be hard to find a new job.
I have never stopped programming. Even now my work is exceptional although I don’t think I could get a job.
Keep at it. Develop non-programming deep domain knowledge. That can be a asset getting interviews When people think you’re too old.
The management - and more broadly people skills - are acquired just like tech skills are, and just like tech skills some learn them faster or slower than others. Just like tech skills these are valued to companies.
But one needs to mix, I think. So people management skills + tech == tech manager. Sales + tech = well, sales, or pre-sales. Or consulting if it's more tech than sales. Design / project management skills + tech == product manager. If you're an absolute SME, then you can be a tech lead, an architect, and so forth, but you really need to stand out.
The above are purely my career observations, and are subject to disagreement on semantics, the spirit or the letter of what I'm saying, and such. I don't claim absolute truth.
My other observation, though: people in their 20's have hotter skills than people with white hair who had to re-tool their skillset. And re-tooling every few years sucks in my opinion. Again, my opinion. I hate working on personal tech projects or studying on the side outside of work just to keep my head above water.
I'd rather go hiking, or to the bar.
A lot of people in their 20's can code like the devil, but running furiously in the wrong direction doesn't get you where you need to go fast, especially if the optimum path is not transparently obvious.
Biggest problem is managers made up too young who don't realise the huge value a steady hand and bit of experience can add.
I wrote more about this here: https://letterstoanewdeveloper.com/2020/10/05/how-to-make-a-...
and here: https://www.mooreds.com/wordpress/archives/2190
HTH. My email is in my profile if you have specific qs.
I would underline that in (a reasonably successful) life one progresses from doing to owning. Ownership can be of skills and knowledge, of a network of friends and acquaintances, or simply a place to live. The doing (and doing the doing well) contributes to the owning, such that eventually when you can't actually do much anymore, you are still valuable to society.
Of course this all falls apart when the world changes under our feet, and the things we own become worthless!