Tell HN: A Conversation Needs to Be Had over Subscription Software

274 points by Abhinav2000 ↗ HN
The software world today is increasingly SaaS, user-hostile and rent-extracting.

My most recent experience is Shutter Stock, a completely scam company that charges ridiculous amounts of money with no easy to unsubscribe.

https://www.trustpilot.com/review/www.shutterstock.com

- Microsoft has used its dominant position to charge for MS Office in perpetuity, breaking features and now trying to trick people to use One Drive more (renaming files from an Office App is only a "feature" that works for files saved remotely on One Drive)

- Apple's "services" income is mostly from various apps that use predatory practices to maximise how much they can extract from users. For example, it makes sense for me, with a broken App Store search, to pay $4 for each download when I can get users to pay $5/month to use my app.

- Many other examples, with the whole industry going towards SaaS and HaaS

What has the world come to, where technology has been appropriated and we are left paying rents every month and companies are increasingly becoming user-hostile and predatory and monopolistic!

328 comments

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Seems to me that there is an inherent contradiction at the heart of SAAS. A service either:

- Has a big enough moat that its immune to competition - in which case you get rent seeking behaviour; or

- It's vulnerable and could disappear / become economically unviable so you wouldn't want to have your business rely on it.

So you essentially have to choose between two unpalatable choices.

I think a large part of the problem is that so much software (like Office) is turning into a service when it doesn’t need to be.
Agreed. I think that part of the problem is that SAAS makes 'bought' software look expensive which has driven down the prices on eg iOS App Store to a level that isn't viable.
Indeed, this is one of the bigger problems. Big Tech have normalised a situation where free (but you pay for it in other ways) or misleading SaaS (total cost much higher, although cheaper in the short run) are dominant and smaller developers struggle to compete against this
The value I get from and the price I pay for O365 are more closely aligned than when I used to buy shrink-wrapped software. “This software costs $299 in months 0 and some unknown month in the future, probably between 25 and 42, and is free in all the other months.” is how things used to work.

I hate recurring billing as well, and it works very poorly for occasionally used software, but for software that I use every week, I’m indifferent to whether it’s billed lumpy or smooth; the total price vs total value is what matters.

I think a large part of the problem is that so much software (like Office) is turning into a service when it doesn’t need to be.

One significant advantage of SaaS over traditional download-and-run-and-pay-for-updates apps is the fact that everyone is always on the same version. In a large organisation, and across organisational boundaries, working around people using different versions of things is an incredibly inefficient use of time.

Office 365 is worth the money for that reason alone.

Well the same is true with any selfhosted office suite. With of course the main difference that Office365 is limited by Microsoft APIs, and downtime is not dictated by your bug usage or infra. Good luck working when Azure is down or your have connectivity problems.
> One significant advantage of SaaS over traditional download-and-run-and-pay-for-updates apps is the fact that everyone is always on the same version.

This is undeniably an advantage to the developer, but much less so for users. When a developer releases a terrible update that removes features or does an unnecessary re-design, in the world of non-SaaS, I could simply choose to stay on the older version. Now that choice is gone and the company is in charge of what version I am using. This is a huge step backwards.

I expect when I obtain software, it will continue to work forever, behave the same way forever, until/unless I choose to update it. That fundamental promise is going away quickly.

Maybe I’ve been lucky and only worked in well-resourced corporations, but across a ~15 year career in the private sector, I can barely think of any examples where this is the case.

Ironically, a far greater pain point (in my experience) has been poor interchangeability and access to cloud storage solutions between internal and external collaborators.

One funny piece of that is the O365 gives both online and downloaded/local editions of word, excel, powerpoint, etc.

Those two editions often cannot properly render documents made in the other one.

The moat is the sorry state of GUI for stand alone apps.
> Microsoft has used its dominant position to charge for MS Office in perpetuity

You can still buy a definitive, noncloud, without subscription of MS Office, and they still release it (there is a 2021 edition).

Actually, having this plus using something like Confluence for internal documents is quite appealing.
If you're willing to pay for a license, why not donate to the document foundation instead? This way you get a great office suite (Libreoffice) and every one gets it too. A win-win situation?
Perhaps; I use LibreOffice myself. I was thinking of a business doing that rather than me personally.
Unfortunately in this case, the UI/UX of LibreOffice not even comes close to MS Office's one.

Some FOSS products are that great, but if you come from MS Office, LibreOffice feels a lot like an early 2000's downgrade.

The compatibility and robustness of LibreOffice is excellent, but the UI/UX and something as simple as the default design templates that come with it, it's just not up to the level of MS Office, and customers do judge by that criteria.

I wish LibreOffice was up that standard, so there would be more consumer choice. I even tried LibreOffice as my daily driver for sometime, and I just couldn't stand it.

> the UI/UX of LibreOffice not even comes close to MS Office's one.

Except 'Import CSV' wizard, it's light years ahead of MSO's one, which didn't changed for two decades. Which is understandable, nobody [from the corporate customers with tens thousands of users] cried loud enough.

Also it doesn't even look good. MSO would use ClearType (and whatever) and looks good, LO looks like I'm in 1995 looking at 640x480 14" monitor.

Microsoft is still taking away options and raising the price.

For example, I used to buy a non-cloud/non-subscription license through the Home Use Program. It used to be relatively cheap.

Now that option is not available, they only sell a slightly discounted cloud/subscription ($60/year vs $99/year).

So not only are subscriptions "bad", but they are not allowed to raise their prices either?
Their non-cloud/non-subscription license is still the same price, they just removed the discounted option and replaced it with a higher priced subscription option. It looks like they want to dissuade as many people as possible from their non-cloud/non-subscription option.
Yeah, I don't understand their claim around Microsoft either. They're still offering perpetual licenses, and sure, they're integrating OneDrive a lot, but you can still save a document wherever you want on your computer and last I checked, Save As works the same way it always has.
The office Save As dialogs have been butchered to make saving to your local drives take many more clicks off the primary path. It's dark patterns ui to force people to cloud and azure rather than defaulting to local storage.

It's been this way for at least a few years and I think actually near half a dozen.

It takes resources to build, maintain, and operate most SaaS offerings. More competition should drive prices down, theoretically, but in reality there just aren't enough software engineers in the world who can build and maintain effective alternatives to many SaaS offerings.
Your complains are not about subscriptions really. They are about shady commercial practices.
Couldn't agree more. I was working in a company that didn't allow local checkouts. You'd have to work in a remote VM. Next step was going to fully remote desktops (i.e. dumb terminals). For security reasons (whatever). I hated every moment of it as it made feedback times longer and for doing anything at all you needed to beg the IT people. But the weirdest part is that other devs didn't seem to mind. (Not to mention all the spyware crap installed on our machines and the whole mentality of security over productivity. All of it -security- sold to us by third parties as a service (nvm how absurd it is to trust N other companies to keep you secure). Anyhow this place was surreal but I'm afraid it's not the only one).

So to answer the question of how we came here: The same way anything in the commons sphere rots and dies. Not enough people care enough about it. They're OK giving away control one way or another and companies are more than happy to sell it as a service. What user gets in return is diminishing but once the process starts it's kind of runaway I'm afraid.

As a consumer, do you need to participate in these transactions?

I bought MS Office (non-subscription) and honestly Google Docs/Sheets (free tier) works for most of my needs.

While Apple wants to push subscription apps, you don't need to subscribe to them. I don't. If the value is there, sure subscribe to them.

Apple is pretty in your face with selling their services. I get nagware iCloud storage limit subscription notifications that I can't dismiss. They are pushing for Arcade, TV+, Music, etc. sign -ups in their OS settings. I haven't paid for them and don't intend to.

Just because these paid subscriptions exist does not mean they are entitled to your money every month.

It just means that you don't own the software that you run. Always having to have an account and sign in and pay the subscription tax otherwise you lose access to it.

Now with games becoming digital, if you break their 'terms of service' they can lock and ban your account; taking your 'digital' games away or even locking the console. (Unless you paid for the physical version.)

> It just means that you don't own the software that you run.

Arguably this goes for all proprietary software. You're allowed to use software that you paid a license for, but you were never allowed to make and distribute copies of it.

For most practical purposes, licensed software that runs on your computer feels like ownership. After all, we're not allowed to make and distribute copies of published books but we're pretty comfortable saying that we own a book that we've bought. But those copyright limitations are still there. You can own a physical copy of the book, but there are some things you're not allowed to do with it.

Owning a subscription to online software as a service points to the limitations of what we mean by ownership.

I’m running a super simple translation management system where people can manage, host, auto-translate their translation files. How I supposed to run my app without subscriptions?

In last 30 days, I transferred over 280 GB of translation data from my service to end-users around the word. Should I tell DeepL, Google and AWS that they should offer me their services for free or what?

EDIT:

I apologize if this sounds too passive-aggressive, but I'm tired of hearing that subscriptions are bad. Thanks to subscription model, we can have many smaller service providers who simply have fun from working on something (like me). If you think that giving someone $5/mo for a cool app is too much, then okay. You don't have to do it, no deal. ¯\_(ツ)\_/¯

PS Great example of solo-developer is the InkDrop creator. He is working on this note-taking app since ~2016. https://www.inkdrop.app

That sounds very useful. Mind sharing the link to your service? Thanks.
I'm not OP, but I use https://translationhut.com to manage my translations and it works really well. It can also automatically translate the assets for you, although I don't use that myself.

(Full disclosure: I know the guy that makes that service, but am not involved with that project)

"I need to increase my prices" /s

Or start charging in Euro :D

I wonder what charging in Euro does on the psychological price front. Does €79 look less than $85?
It works, because a few times I was surprised that paid in euro instead dollars.
I absolutely see your point. So here is a suggestion that might make it less annoying for users. I don't know if it will help you but for some businesses it should be a great idea (and I will prefer those who follow this model):

Use tokens instead of subscriptions.

Even if I end up paying the same on average this feels a whole lot better.

There are just too many services out there that wants me to subscribe, and everytime it feels like they are trying to fleece me.

I am old enough to understand that not everything can be free (even if many of my most used tools are), but in way to many cases the thinking seems to be to get me to try a subscription and hope that I forget it.

(I've never ever had anyone pop a notification to tell me that I haven't used my subscription lately, maybe I'd like to puse it? If that was the norm I'd maybe be less annoyed at subscriptions.)

I’d bet that you are the exception that prefers token or metered pricing.

Almost every time I’ve seen someone try that pricing model customers end up hating it and want a flat fee subscription.

I do think making it easy to pause and restart subscriptions is an underused model but would also bet lots of price smart SaaS companies have looked at that.

I'm not against subscriptions per se. I subscribe to a number of things.

It just happens to be abused badly, from subscriptions for things that never need to update (I'd almost bet a dollar there is or has been a flashlight app with a subscription somewhere), to subscriptions for things you use a week and then are finished with to a certain alarm clock app that both charges multiple dollars a month and then has the guts to try to track me on top of that.

Not sure to what extent this applies to you?

To my mind, paying for an ongoing service (e.g. translation, or video streaming, or Strava, or whatever) is a reasonable use case for a subscription – if that’s something that suits your end user. (it could also be paid for by individual small payments – or tokens – as suggested elsewhere.)

I think the frustration is predominately in companies shifting payment for a piece of software from a single payment to a subscription, which over the previous typical lifespan of a single software purchase then costs significantly more. Sure, they bolt on superfluous ‘cloud solutions’, but fundamentally it just feels like an MBA somewhere figured out that they can make more money with a repeating subscription than a single one-off payment – and now they’ve all jumped into it.

Of course, it also has the benefit of protecting better against piracy – though I suspect this isn’t the primary driver for the change.

Many end users do not understand the difference between "standalone piece of software" and something that has an ongoing cost for the developer.
I'd love to check out your service if you care to share the name here?
Nice landing page - clean design and clear layout. I also like that you include a brief blurb about you and why you created it right on the homepage. So many software companies these days hide who is behind it and/or don’t have an “about us” page, which makes it hard to “invest” in the product as a potential customer…

Bookmarking for a future project!

I believe usage-based subscriptions are going to be replacing tiered subscriptions.
This sort of began when we all got the impression that software should be free, or that we pay a low price once and get indefinite free upgrades. Given that developers need to be paid, and resources cost money, there needs to be a way to rectify that gap between the consumer and maintainer. At one point we did so by paying for an initial version of software, and then paying for updates. Now that we don’t do that, but someone still needs a revenue stream to pay for the costs of maintaining and evolving software, the subscription model has emerged. It’s really not that complicated. Where it gets hostile is when you see a subscription model for something where the subscription doesn’t yield any evidence of effort from the provider. For example, a subscription to software that never sees updates nor has infrastructure costs. That’s just a money grab.

What confuses me is seeing this kind of question on the same forum where people often gripe about not being paid the 6 digit salary they expect to produce the software we use. How do you achieve super cheap products made by people making super high pay? Money doesn’t just materialize out of thin air to make that work.

PS: my comment comes off as advocating for the subscription model. I personally hate it with a passion: I’d rather pay for upgrades/updates to code, and pay for resources metered by my usage. My comment should be interpreted as understanding where the model comes from, not necessarily liking it.

But you're now getting the worst of both worlds. It was not uncommon back in the day you could buy a copy of the software which was bundled with the source code. Now you have to pay and you don't have the source code. You're just trapped into an ecosystem you have no control over.

I of course understand your point that software developers need to pay rent, but i'm interested in exploring other possibilities, such as non-profits gathering donations to pay for development/UX (like framasoft does).

Now, the same problem applies to all kinds of workers, from bakers to carpenters. If we take a look at the wider picture, why would anyone have to pay for rent and food? Wouldn't we all be better off if we did what we loved and shared unappreciated tasks more equally so that money doesn't get involved?

It seems like we have a "these people are not getting paid enough to pay for basic survival while doing their critical job" discussion every other week.

Seriously? Since when could you buy COTS and expect to get the code too? I don’t remember a source archive accompanying the pre-subscription Adobe, Microsoft, or any other major piece of software that is now subscription-ware. That’s pure fantasy.
> Since when could you buy COTS and expect to get the code too?

Since the 1950s and 1960s. IBM, for example, provided source code for their products until 1983.[1] The full Apple II source code was included in the Apple II Reference Manual;[2] similarly for the Atari 400/800 Technical Reference Notes.[3]

1. https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=hSBrPSYgjI4C&redir_esc=y (page 59)

2. https://archive.org/details/applerefjan78/page/n78/mode/2up

3. https://archive.org/details/CO16555AtariHomeComputerTechnica...

But back then, you were rarely paying for the software directly, you were paying for hardware.
I vaguely recall that you could get source code back in the 70s and early 80s, with early UNIX say or mainframe code, because the revenue was from the big machines. Technical reference manuals for the early IBM PC were awesome.
> or that we pay a low price once and get indefinite free upgrades.

To take IntelliJ as an example, I can't think of an improvement since 2018 that I really would pay for. Largely enabling that is why they moved to the subscription process because people like me would use IntelliJ 18 for five or so years then update for OS support or whatever. €100/yr is way more than I used to pay for intelliJ, €240/yr is way more than I used to pay for Photoshop, etc. because SaaS conversions generally involved splitting the old upfront price as if customers were on a 2 year upgrade cycle rather than 5.

As for security updates, these feel like general hygiene, e.g. if someone's selling a physical electronic product here they need to keep it from manufacturer defects for two years. If my headphones have a bug where they catch fire the manufacturer needs to eat the cost and recall and fix/replace/refund them. Even if it does wipe out their margin from the upfront €100 cost. Similarly if commercial software lets someone own my computer with log message, I don't think it's unreasonable to expect recent software to be fixed.

If that's your IntelliJ usage model, why don't you just go for the perpetual licence and then update after 5 years (or whenever)?
You can get Photoshop for half the price with the Photography bundle. Just includes less cloud space, which you probably don't use.
Even though I don't like paying for software monthly, I think that the JetBrains suite of tools is an example of how this can be a fair deal.

100€/year for tools I use professionally every day and that improve my business is a no-brainer to me. Also I really like the way the prices go down if you use it for more than a year.

At least Microsoft are still making personal office subscriptions cheaper than buying office was. 5 users, each with several devices and their own terabyte of OneDrive, is £60 a year at many retailers. I assume they will jack up the price later.
> Microsoft are still making personal office subscriptions cheaper than buying office was.

Nah you are missing the forest for the trees. Office at the moment is a gateway drug for Microsoft to get you on their cloud services. Office is not an end product anymore, it is a hook to capture market into their cloud services. They could sell office at a loss and still make money from all the Corporate/government contracts they got hooked on Azure.

Eh I still chose to buy, I usually use a copy of office for 5-10 years, so it’s still vastly cheaper to buy.
> If my headphones have a bug where they catch fire the manufacturer needs to eat the cost and recall and fix/replace/refund them

> Even if it does wipe out their margin from the upfront €100 cost.

That assumes what the initial price wasn't at least x20, though.

> splitting the old upfront price as if customers were on a 2 year upgrade cycle rather than 5.

It is also about perceived cost and maintenance costs: you can charge $10/y but ~$3 from this sum would go to fees and taxes, and you still need a profit margin and sustainability margin for the future growth (and recession) and to be able to give out refunds.

> That assumes what the initial price wasn't at least x20, though.

Yes, I assume this is true because these companies were profitable businesses charging 2x annual, not 20x, before the move to subscription models. Requiring 20 years of subscription to profit sounds highly risky and not all the kind of thing investors would support.

Photoshop CS2 in 2005 was $599 for the full version. Today that's the equivalent of $850. That would pay for 3.5 years with the current subscription model. So if you were upgrading every 2 years it's actually cheaper now, but of course if you wanted to keep the old version for 5 years it would be more expensive.
Right, and the old way let you choose your upgrade cycle, rather than letting the company choose how often they’d like to make you buy.
Outside of [possibly] amateur hobbyists, who isn't upgrading their software/hardware at least every ~3 years?
Have you _seen_ the IT infrastructure of some non-tech companies? The amount of companies that had to scramble for the Windows 7 (released 2009) EOL in 2020?
I'm aware that some laces are completely unaware of the world around them

Doesn't change the fact that the world keeps going whether you're paying attention or not

Do you think version 21 of a piece of desktop software is usually substantially better than version 20? Do you think those places are missing out on a lot?
I have no idea what version 21 vs version 20 of some hypothetical piece of software is in every case

though, the odds are quite good that version updates are improvements (security, platform support, features, etc)

Of course that's unknowable, which is why I said "usually".

As for the second part, that's not been my experience with commercial software at that point in its life at all. Maybe yours has differed.

I cannot recall any commercial software I've used in the last quarter century or more wherein a new release did not bring a host of fixes and features along with it
This is more-or-less how Logos (a bible study tool suite) works: you buy this "version", and you get updates until/unless a new "version" comes out

You can keep running old version(s) as long as you want - but when a major rev releases, they have an upgrade option

The updates aren't "indefinite" - but they're pretty long-lasting

Indeed. I'm still using Paintshop Pro 7.04 10th anniversity edition, that I purchased in 2001. It still works great today, blazing fast.
I would still gladly pay for updates—nobody expected to get updates for free, we always did it that way before. My impression is that the AppStore model, with the updates provided for free (for bug fixes, etc) is what began that shift to subscriptions.

Before the App Store, it wasn’t easy to update software, so it was straightforward to lock updates behind paid upgrades.

> nobody expected to get updates for free

if there's a security vulnerability, i'm sure you'd expect the update to be free.

Let's say feature updates make sense to pay for, bug fixes don't.
Why though?
Because If I get a faulty vacuum cleaner I expect to be able to exchange it for a working one for free.
and yet if a lock could be picked, you don't get to exchange it for another one that couldn't be! Analogies breakdown when compared too carefully.

I think software sellers is doing a courtesy when they provide security updates for free. They are not legally obligated to do it. The users are entitled to switch to a competitor however - by not having their data held hostage (which, i think modern laws don't properly address).

> and yet if a lock could be picked, you don't get to exchange it for another one that couldn't be! Analogies breakdown when compared too carefully.

There are no locks that can't be picked. If it unlocks itself all the time you bet your ass that I'll get to exchange it for a new one. Maybe you should be more careful when making analogies.

I picked the lock analogy deliberately, because like locks, there are no software that has no security vulnerabilities.
I mean, I remember the days when I didn’t expect free updates. That’s my whole point.

I don’t know if I can explain why. Maybe security wasn’t as big of a deal.

> nobody expected to get updates for free

Every single comment thread on Parallels releasing update is crying "money grab" over and over.

Or...updates nobody asked for. Quite a few casual users might be perfectly happy with Office 2003, or Adobe PS6, as anything after that they don't need. And not just that, they may not want the UI to be revamped every 2 months. The option to just have stable, working software is increasingly taken away.

Not to mention the anti competitive nature of these two parties. They can just bundle an additional app in their subscription at not additional cost, and this way drive a competitor out of business.

There is a serious amount of diversity on the app stores, though. It's not as if you must use Photoshop, with zero alternatives.
Reminds me of XD versus Sketch.

Adobe created and added XD (Sketch competitor) and put it into its CC.

Sketch's still doing great but I honestly don't know how long it will be the case as XD becomes more mature.

Your point needs more attention IMO. Most updates for most software don't add usability or convenience for the end user. The way conversational rhetoric with my family and friends seems to have transitioned from "wow, these computers are cool! This will really help with x" to complete frustration.
Yes -- and subscriptions in some sense may worsen this problem, in that subscriptions create an incentive towards ongoing interface and feature churn, to create a notional justification for ongoing revenue.
They have to justify that subscription right? Every yearly version upgrade of Adobe is filled with productivity-breaking bugs that don't get fixed until months later. Everywhere I've worked, artists know not to update to the latest Photoshop until the first patches are released and it's been evaluated. Why should a subscriber put up with that? The only recourse is to not subscribe, which isn't an option if you're content with a current version of the software.
>This sort of began when we all got the impression that software should be free, or that we pay a low price once and get indefinite free upgrades.

Blame the victim?

We din't get any impression, as we don't set the prices. The companies set those prices.

For example Adobe customers never got or set any impression that "software should be free/low price". They paid 100s to 1000s of dollars for each update or package respectively, and they still got the mandatory subscription (and were some of the first users to be hit with one).

>How do you achieve super cheap products made by people making super high pay? Money doesn’t just materialize out of thin air to make that work.

We don't want "super cheap products", we want reasonably priced products we own after we buy.

The other model that works well is the open source one, with the maintainer having "another job"; e.g. academics doing scientific research (CERN!) or corporations who use the project internally. Unfortunately, the fact that the latter vastly outnumber the former means that the largest open-source projects are arguably corporate middleware or those of benefit to large corporations rather than users per se. People like me who use linux a lot are free software zealots. I wish Apple was more open on this -- they could quite easily be a hardware company and charge for services and yet make the code free -- but for whatever reason they've always kept the code close to their chest.

Subscriptions may make more sense as B2B software where the needs change over time, businesses tend to like having a two-way conversation more and a well-defined bill at the end of each year isn't necessarily a bad thing. As a private consumer though, selling a subscription is a surefire way to make me say no -- I'm not doing it.

A problem with open and free projects (to oversimplify the ideological differences) is the source of time and purpose.

The production cost is subsidized as a Hobbie not as a profession, so it's hard to expect a 'consumer product'. When you put external money and corporate interest in your hobbies, something breaks.

Not saying open products don't have to exist, we all love them. They cover different creative needs, and usually are a gift for the community.

https://apenwarr.ca/log/20211229 - The Gift of It's your problem now

That's a FANTASTIC blog post!
Yeah, it's not really about free software; it's about paying salaries. Recurring expenses inevitably result in business models optimized for recurring revenues. That was always the case; it just so happened that the expansion of industrial production of goods was so vast for so long, that this was kinda hidden (and it was hard to justify - there are only so many widgets you can continuously supply to customers).

Now that the internet has removed any friction between business and customer, business is reaching its ideal state: one where the customer pays as long as the business has recurring expenses, where production never stops, and where productivity of labor approaches infinity.

Recurring expenses very often isn't necessary though.

For software the initial costs are big, but after that it can be pretty low maintenance or at least costing much less to develop new features when the foundation is set.

When you start to think about recurring expenses that's when you have to find a way to justify those expenses. And that is usually by adding bloat and unnecessary features that those that already bought it might not even want.

So now you have to pay for features that you don't want to keep using the features that you've already bought? Tough sell...

In the case of local software, I agree. But most users expect connected services nowadays, which mean recurring costs for the developers as well in many cases.
What do you mean by “connected services”? If that’s just a code word for cloud storage, then no, thank you. I’ve got cloud storage, and I don’t need yours. You’re just trying to justify charging me every month.
Only if companies force their users onto “their cloud”. There are plenty of remote storage services; why can’t we use those?

The answer is that it makes it harder to justify perpetual revenue streams then.

For example, 1Password.

I’m happy to pay for a new version if my current version stops working. OS or browser update broke the app? I’ll pay for the new version.

But they are trying to force me to pay every month, therefore they remove my ability to use the app at all unless I pay for their cloud storage which I neither need nor want.

Well, they don't stop working on an improved app and new features while you don't want to update.

You don't only get compatibility with X with the new version but all that as well.

If no one wants those improvements, why should they pay them to keep working on it? Maybe 1pass should start working on something else to sell, and move the old stuff to minimal maintenance.
>If no one wants those improvements, why should they pay them to keep working on it?

They should not pay them, they should use one of the numerous alternatives.

Yep, and in the case of 1pw, I use Bitwarden instead.
Fine. They can work on the app and sell me on the benefits they’ve added.
Password managers are an exception for me. I pay them so they can continually stay ahead with device/browser compatibility, security, and breaches.
Honest question: Why use 1Password rather than a modern browser’s built in password management?

Side note: Daring Fireball has had some discussion recently about 1Password moving to enterprise for employee password management and adopting the SaaS model in order to make this transition, alienating current client base in the process. A ballsy move!

Honest answer: I use more than one browser. If Apple Keychain autofill worked in 3rd-party browsers, it would almost cover my use cases though.
Companies are not made of 100% engineers. Production costs are only part of recurring expenses in a business. At the very minimum you have to pay an executive team, a marketing team, a network/security team, a legal team, an accounting team... these guys don't work for free, and want to be paid every year at worst - more often, every month. Even if each "team" is one person in your garage, you have to pay them. And when you scale up, now you have investors to service, and they also would very much like to get regular dividends from their investment (or see constant growth in the value of their share).

Note: I'm not defending the practice (if you dig in my comment history, you'll see pretty incendiary stuff against SaaS abuse very recently), I'm just saying that it's what business naturally tends like - in the same way it naturally tends towards paying people as little as possible, exploiting them, etc etc. This is what the market becomes when left to its own devices. If we don't like it, we need to proactively intervene in law.

>For software the initial costs are big, but after that it can be pretty low maintenance or at least costing much less to develop new features when the foundation is set.

Written by someone who - probably - doesn't understand how complex software is to write/update/expand/maintain

Oh I am. The whole point was that you might not need to write/update/expand as much as you think.

And the case have previously been that such development is largely paid for by new users.

>Yeah, it's not really about free software; it's about paying salaries

Well, that's on the software maker.

Why pay salaries in perpetuity for something made and sold once?

Almost no software these days is "made and sold once" because of network support - even the most "local" apps will have stuff like saving settings or document to remote servers, talking to network peers, receiving updates when new OS versions are released, and so on. Anything sold on Apple platforms, for example, nowadays has to be updated at least once a year just to keep up.
> Anything sold on Apple platforms, for example, nowadays has to be updated at least once a year just to keep up.

Incorrect.

A lot of the "network support" is unwanted BS nobody asked for, that could be sold separately (or be open to other providers to offer). Like the BS "Adobe Cloud" they give you when you subscribe to the CSuite.

>Anything sold on Apple platforms, for example, nowadays has to be updated at least once a year just to keep up.

Factually wrong.

Can confirm. I still use Sparrow for email on MacOS. Yes that Sparrow - the one bought by Google and discontinued a decade ago.

I think the need to update software constantly is sometimes a self fulfilling prophecy with SaaS. Features that need constant maintenance get added because: "Why not? We have a continuous income stream."

Edit:

Another example: I use Transmit on iOS. It hasn't been updated since 2017[1] because of lack of sales. Still works great on the latest iOS/iPhone.

[1] https://panic.com/blog/the-future-of-transmit-ios/

Minimal maintenance doesn’t take the same size team as making new features.
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This is not blaming the victim as there are no victims. OP’s is wrong that SaaS is rent sending. Software should not be free (in cost), yet always receive new features and updates. Indeed, the alternative is the ad-tech surveillance state.
That's a strawman. Who exactly demanded "free in cost" plus "always receive new features and updates"?

If the software companies (in mobile in particular) had a race to the bottom, it's on them - and on those (hobbyists etc) that undercutted them (though, if hobbyists can undercut your prices, is your product really worth that much, or could it just as well be replaced with a hobbyist-made app?).

Users have since forever paid top dollar for shrink wrapped and then downloaded software like MS Office or Abobe Creative Suite and co, that now is nonetheless "subscription based".

Isn't a big reason for this development precisely that many didn't pay top dollar? There used to be a lot of Photoshop, Windows and Office warez floating around.
I suspect most of the piracy in those apps was among people who were never the target market. Someone who wants to make funny cat pictures, or even edit photos they took with their $300 point-and-shoot camera isn't going to pay $400 for Photoshop.

Professionals who make their living using Photoshop usually don't have much trouble with the cost, whether paid monthly, or occasionally when a new version has a feature they care about.

Being able to bring in some more casual customers with a lower initial cost is just a bonus.

No, since that's orthogonal. You can pirate with or without a subscription.
One could argue that MS Office and Adobe products were always "subscription-based", if companies and professionals never left the update treadmill. After all, if all you need is MS-Office 2000 or Adobe Photoshop 6, no subscription is needed and you can still find licenses around.
One could argue it.

But they would then have to answer why would non-business buyers, that is, users who did "leave the update treadmill" and bought new updates (or skipped them) at their convenience, suffer the subscription model too?

Because they are such an irrelevant part of the market that they basically could disappear and no one would care, and the hobbyist/non-professional people who don't mind using years-old software could as well just use Free/Open alternatives?

There is nothing stopping Joe-who-only-pays-full-licences to continue using his MS 2007 Office suite, is there?

Os support, especially in the Apple world.
Right, which is yet another explanation of why companies moved into subscription-based models: unless you are willing to be frozen in time with all your software tools, you will be in the update treadmill one way or another. Bitrot exists, and someone needs to pay for it. A license you paid 15 years ago does not (and should not) cover that.
It's not merely "especially in the Apple world" - very little in the way of older Windows/DOS software still works today (unless you're also running old/unsupported hardware (subject to its own foibles) and operating systems

Products get deprecated/go out of support all the bloody time - there is nothing wrong with that: should Ford have to "support" the Edsel or Model T today "for free"? Why?

The only thing I don't like about subscription is rent-seeking. I'm fine paying a small amount every month if I expect security updates or small features that won't impede my workflow. If there is a lot of request for additional features, you can always bump up to a new version. If there aren't, that means your product is mature, or you may need to market to a different segment. But I'm not paying you every month just to shuffle the UI around or to be able to access my data.
You don't get to decide what is "small features" and if you start fragmenting software into multiple releases you are going to make it more expensive for everyone, because now the company is supposed to maintain N versions because you are a special snowflake.

Or you can sidestep the whole thing entirely and use/fund/ promote Free Software. Your "small monthly amount" will go a long way and you will be free to pick and choose as you want.

Well if this isn’t the pot calling the kettle black. You raise the statesman that I said people claim software should be both free and maintained indefinitely. I did no such thing. I merely asserted that it should not be.
In the case of Adobe you are paying for near malware Levels of surveillance on your device to use their products.
Not true. I prefer paying for upgrades on my own schedule to a subscription any day.
Including skipping upgrades?
Yes. I don't need every upgrade, especially when 9/10 it includes new bugs on essential productivity software.
Plus today it's easier than ever to make updates (or bunches of related updates) selectable and installable on demand.

So you could skip 90% of the BS updates you don't care for and get the 10% you do, as opposed to pay the full update price or maintain a subscription...

In other words, you could get a base product, they keep maintaining, and even release new versions you can update to for free/cheap, but with features you haven't paid for locked. Then, if you paid for a feature, you get to enjoy it for all free/cheap updates of the program.

That's how software used to be before they went SaaS.
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> Software should not be free (in cost), yet always receive new features and updates.

That sounds like an extension of "you wouldn't download a car".

> Indeed, the alternative is the ad-tech surveillance state.

One way to increase recurring revenue when you have a captive audience (i.e. they can't refuse an update) is by adding adware to your software. I think SaaS is the driving force behind the ad-tech surveillance state, not the thing that will save us from it.

Can you give me some examples of SaaS that has ads? Cable TV, Hulu, newspapers. They all do it, but I can’t think of any SaaS providers that also push ads. I suppose cross-promoting s/w from the same vendor is an ad, but those kinds of ads don’t require intrusive surveillance.
> We don't want "super cheap products", we want reasonably priced products we own after we buy.

I am afraid the ‘we’ here isn’t nearly as large a demographic as you think it is. If it was, we wouldn’t see the mass of advertising supported products we see.

Mainstream consumers do want free / cheap products, despite the many caveats associated with them and the market has adjusted to give them that.

The other follow up is, as a consumer, how do you determine what is a reasonable price for something. You have no visibility into the COGS other than your own experiences which may or may not apply.

Similar to the OP, I am not advocating for high subscriptions with no value or horrible dark patterns around unsubscribing…

Nobody asked for subscriptions. Nobody likes them. People prefer free and second to that a one-time payment model. Maybe that payment only includes a year of patches, but people still prefer it.

Companies prefer subscriptions because it maximizes revenue. It's as simple as that. Zero sum game between company and consumer.

> Nobody likes them.

If that was true, financing wouldn't exist for consumer products. In practice, people pay extra to turn a one-time payment into a subscription.

Except with financing you own the product and one day the payments end. You're saying that home ownership is the same as renting if you don't buy upfront? That's simply not true.

Also, the vast majority of people would prefer to live in a home they own than burn money renting.

Some financing leads to ownership. Leasing a car does not lead to ownership - it is an extended rental.

I am not a fan of products that make it difficult to unsubscribe, but I do like the variable cost aspect of SaaS. Generally quick to start using and quick to stop.

I have not seen it commented on, but my sense is security is easier with a SaaS model. How many pirated versions of software have you come across in your career pre-Saas?

>Nobody asked for subscriptions. Nobody likes them

That's patently false

I, for one, happen to like being able to push costs from capex to opex (and yes, that's true for my own personal use like it is for business use) *for most things) - a subscription price gives me a closer approximation of a given tool's/service's value proposition than does a one-off purchase (most of the time)

Everything from car leases (albeit I typically purchase my cars, leases most definitely have their place for a significant portion of vehicle operators) to Netflix fees come in the form of a "subscription" - follow the terms of the subscription, and you get to use whatever it is as long as you want

Leasing vs. ownership of cars is a great example of having a choice between ownership and a service. About 1/3 of cars are leased rather than owned.

I should say your choice to subscribe should not be taken away. I don't think my choice to own should be taken away.

The example breaks-down (no pun intended) on cars, though: software is likely not usable after 3-5 years (the length of a normal car lease)

Cars are typically usable for well over a decade :)

My Acrobat 9.0 is getting pretty long in the tooth. I still run it on occasion, but there are more issues with DPI scaling and new PDF features.

It looks like Adobe does sell one-time purchases of Acrobat Pro 2020 for $450. I'll cease my cloud-yelling.

> software is likely not usable after 3-5 years

Whoa whoa wait! How did we get to this point? Maybe I’m living in the past, but software should work essentially forever. There are no moving parts. No wear/maintenance items. It doesn't distort like a photocopy when loaded to and from media.

The only thing that should cause working software to fail is some underlying change to its foundation: an incompatible OS or browser change or deprecated API, and so on, and we should hold platform vendors accountable for regressions and breakage. I wish platforms took backward compatibility seriously.

Apart from a cosmic ray flipping a bit somewhere, there is no physics reason software should “wear out.” How did this become a fringe point of view?

>software should work essentially forever

Really? You're still running operating systems that are a decade old on hardware even older?

Why?

The newer versions of OSes aren't supposed to break compatibility, and in fact they really don't.

The really old programs run in emulators. This is how I play 1980s video games. I highly recommend Mario Brothers (not "Super") from 1983. Still works.

But has it worked continuously on contemporary platforms for the entire period of its existence? I reckon there were many years between the retirement of the original platform and your ability to emulate that platform.

The point is that software should remain usable, but in your example that hasn’t been the case.

No, but that's because it's from 1983. It's only modern machines that have this awesome excess of power.

Apple did Rosetta in 2006. That proves this approach has been _commercially_ viable on top-end machines for at least 15 years. Not 39 years!

I own Lightroom 4.0 from 2012 (that's 10 years ago). It doesn't have the latest features, but it's still a very capable RAW processing software. I don't use it anymore because I've subscribed to the current Lightroom. I've subscribed last year, because (finally!) the new features were compelling enough for me. The old version still works well, even on latest-ish macOS. It still produces great pictures now, as it did 10 years ago.

10 years is not that long ago. In computers and software the difference between 2022 and 2012 is not as big as it was between 1992 and 2002.

>10 years is not that long ago. In computers and software the difference between 2022 and 2012 is not as big as it was between 1992 and 2002.

It's still an immense period of technology time - OS and hardware vendors don't support their products "forever": it's not sane to do so

Run 10-year-old hardware/OS if you want ... but you should expect increasing issues over time

> follow the terms of the subscription, and you get to use whatever it is as long as you want

But you can run software you bought with capex as long as you want and it doesn’t cost more forever. And you don’t have to agree to new terms and conditions.

>But you can run software you bought with capex as long as you want and it doesn’t cost more forever.

...only if you still have hardware and operating systems that support it (or that it supports, depending on your point of view)

Sometimes people think they want things a certain way because

1. They have no idea it can be different

2. They wouldn't know what it would look like if it were different

3. They don't understand, or they resign to accept, the ethical implications of the status quo

> Blame the victim?

I don't think it makes sense to call anyone making an informed decision to overpay for a service a victim. If you don't think the deal is reasonable, then don't accept the deal and use something else.

The exception being profiteering in the case of a shortage, but I don't think this is the case. There is no software shortage being taken advantage of.

>I don't think it makes sense to call anyone making an informed decision to overpay for a service a victim.

No, those I'm calling victims are people like me, who would like to buy the update and own it, but are instead forced in a subscription - which if they ever have to stop paying for whatever reason (e.g. out of a job, medical bills, etc) they lose their access to the programs they've been paying for month over month for years.

A music program called Reason is a good example of the scumbuggery involved. It used to have $129 annual updates - which were already overpriced, as they had minimal changes, and more professional competitors like Steinberg with much bigger update deltas (new features, work involved, etc) charged much less for their annual updates.

Now, they switched to subscription, for $20/month ($240/year) where they give access to some extra plugins to entice you. But to force the user's hands (since they still offer the paid annual updates), they also bumped the annual update price to $200/year (without the extra plugins, the regular, already-overpriced-at-129 update).

I don't think you are a victim because you don't agree with the the terms of an offer. As you said, the actual changes are minimal. You can just reject the deal and stick to your old version, if you don't think it's worth it.
>You can just reject the deal and stick to your old version, if you don't think it's worth it.

Which gets incompatible and can't run with changes to OS, plugin SDKs, and so on.

Victim here doesn't mean "they put a gun on your head".

It means they removed a specific update model and replaced with a shitty one, while doubling the prices, and fucking you over if you want to continue using the platform.

> We don't want "super cheap products", we want reasonably priced products we own after we buy.

I'd fully expect someone to provide this if there is a market for it.

The problem is that the money and safety (which investors love) provided by “recurring sources of revenue” are too strong to counter with market forces alone.

Kinda like how the money and safety provided by monopolies can’t be corrected by market forces either.

> The problem is that the money and safety (which investors love) provided by “recurring sources of revenue” are too strong to counter with market forces alone.

There are two markets: the market of customers who might buy your product and the market of VCs who might want to fund your startup. Lately the latter has been making most of the decisions. It's nearly impossible for a bootstrapped startup to compete against products sold at a loss with VC backing.

That's so quaint, it's like it's 1950s, and people still believe there's a free market and open competition...
>we want reasonably priced products we own after we buy

That has [effectively] never been the case

You don't "own" software once you buy it

You own a license to use it (with some level of constraints around how/when/where you use it)

Even if that license happens to let you use it as much as you want anywhere you want, that doesn't mean it will continue to work "forever"

So many people don't understand that digital products are nothing at all like physical ones (except that you pay for both) - you own a paper book (albeit with restrictions on what you can do with it (can't make infinite/excessive copies of parts or all of it, etc), you have a license to an ebook; you don't own a copy of Microsoft Office - you have purchased permission to use it on X-many devices running Y operating system(s)

Even if you "own" some copy of a public domain or freeware tool, it's still constrained by the system(s) it will run on

>You own a license to use it (with some level of constraints around how/when/where you use it)

That's neither here, nor there. I didn't argue we buy and then own software like a shoe or a tire. People bought software before and we know the semantic and legal differences between it and buying physical products.

But that's irrelevant, the discussion is about software-bought (with the license and all it entails) vs software subscription -- not about the semantics of bought software vs bought physical stuff.

I, mostly, don't want products. I want to be able to communicate or veg out with a movie or have CI run. I generally don't care about the how. I just want the results. And I want to not think about it much beyond that. I, like everyone else, assume that's what everyone wants.

My scribble on the HN wall that you're reading right now involved thinking about something more than I thought it deserved.

>My scribble on the HN wall that you're reading right now involved thinking about something more than I thought it deserved.

Well, you might not care or what to think about the market, but the market cares and thinks about you.

And if you don't pay attention, you can easily get taken for a sucker, overcharged, forced in abusive rent-seeking relationships and so on...

>This sort of began when we all got the impression that software should be free, or that we pay a low price once and get indefinite free upgrades.

When and how did that happen? SAAS has been the wet dream of the big software houses for a long time, it was just not really acceptable for people for quite a while.

It's also sounds like this is about poor software developers making a living, but the reality is that software developers are amongst the highest paid professions and software companies are ruling the world and typically have the highest profits. In fact I would argue this really started to take over when investors realised that they could get insane ROI from very little investments for software companies and started to expect these kind of returns.

The other thing that is driving this push is that the FANGS want to commoditize everything except for "owning" large amount of data, because that's their value add and everything else is just a cost centre for them.

The problem I have with this post, is that it's assuming erroneously the "eternal development" mindset. Once a software has reached maturity, beaides (very rare) security fixes there is not much that needs to be done to it. Is anyone seeing LaTeX receiving feature updates all the time? Or grep or vim in need of continuous updates? No! And MSO, which was mentioned here multiple times, also has reached maturity decades ago. So the "dev needs to be payed" argument is wrong. Correct is: "while the software is not yet mature enough, dev needs to be payed". The problem with predatory subscription is that they usually kick in for mature software, when there is justification any more for paying fictitious work (perhaps that's why MS change the UI every few years, because hey, new UI lurea gullible customera while also making us look as if we actually do some programming here).
This is spot on. Adobe went subscription once their software was more than mature. Now that it's SaaS they're using paid subscribers as beta testers of features. Every once in a while something good comes of it. But then there's features no one asked for which introduce new bugs.
> Given that developers need to be paid, and resources cost money

This sounds true, but isn't. Some software grow new features and should sell new versions to users who want those features. But many applications continue to be rented while they reached peak features a long time ago.

Office 97 was fine. Office 2003 was more than fine. You buy it once, you should not need to buy it again, or "rent" it, for no benefit at all. Same for Windows NT / 7. Every Windows version since 7 is worse than the previous one!

Developers need to be paid only if they build something users want. Many times, the opposite seems to be the case: they build things users would really prefer not to have, yet are difficult to avoid.

Upgrade pricing leads to feature bloat. Sure you could stop at say office 2003 features and then only update it (for free) when you need to fix bugs and compatibility issues with new systems.

But that's still work! So your only chance is to abandon the software and reap the insults coming from clients who upgraded to a new Windows installation and can no longer run your software.

If there was some realistic ways to bundle software in a fashion that it will continue to run forever even if environment changes, then sure–but your software better not be networked. (This is also where docker and the likes come into play).

> subscription to software that never sees updates nor has infrastructure costs. That’s just a money grab

There is one case I can think of where this makes sense from both the provider and consumer side: niche software that has a high development cost and a small market. In this case, the one-time acquisition cost might be too high for many customers, so moving to a subscription model allows them to use something they couldn't otherwise afford.

Of course, that's not to say that updates shouldn't be expected.

> How do you achieve super cheap products made by people making super high pay? Money doesn’t just materialize out of thin air to make that work.

The marginal cost of another sale approaches zero. So if you make a popular enough product, you can sell many units rather than relying on rent seeking from your existing user base by forcing them into a SaaS subscription. Yes, the onus is now on the company to make good products that people want, and to continue to innovate such that people want to pay for the next upgrade. It’s easier to rent seek.

It would be rather hard to sell one time software today and then sell an update once a year. Why? Because most software is in the cloud or has a great dependence on at least a backend in the cloud. I think it is more difficult (and dumb, from a security/quality perspective) to have multiple versions of the backend, with different patches and features applied depending on version bought.
> This sort of began when we all got the impression that software should be free, or that we pay a low price once and get indefinite free upgrades.

This didn't happen by accident. Apple still refuses to add a paid version upgrades feature to the App Store. And by providing software like Numbers/Pages at a loss (for free) they normalized a zero or near zero cost of software in their ecosystem. At this point I'm pretty sure this is an intentional strategy of "Commoditizing their Complement"[1] on Apple's part.

[1] https://www.joelonsoftware.com/2002/06/12/strategy-letter-v/

I don’t think I read it at the time, but Joel’s explanation of what was going to happen to Sun was prophetic, and also explained some of the craziness of Java that I’ve never been able to work out.

I also agree with you about Apples’s position re upgrades, which - until now - I found quite baffling. I guess that the subscription model is intended by Apple to create both a lower barrier to entry (cheaper in the short term) which reduces the entry cost for complements, and long term recurring revenue which potentially creates a lock-in effect - quitting the ecosystem means losing access to the investment in apps on the platform. It’s win-win from Apple’s perspective.

On the other hand I have always argued that when you write an app for iOS, you’re creating an accessory for their devices, and so you do so on Apple’s terms. (That’s fine IMO, as long as you understand that this is what you’re doing).

I'd be okay to pay for a specific version of a product and LTS for 5 years. Do what Sublime Text does. Let me live with an older version and I'll happily upgrade if you give me features I'm interested in. Subscription models suck because yes it takes development time to come up with fixes and new features but sometimes I don't want your new features. I just want the old thing.
> How do you achieve super cheap products made by people making super high pay?

By economy of scale. If you have 50,000 paying users, $10 each, that should cover either 5 man-years of average software development, or 2 man-years of one senior/principal level developer.

Most products in question have users in the millions, paying 10 to 100 times as much. Do the math.

I think your comment is the most sensible because it tries to understand it.

The bad part about these models is that they reflect the power of stakeholders in a company, not so much the worker/programmers. It reflects a mode of production keen on generating capital, not the interests of the workers on getting their salary, whatever many figures it may have.

The finger must be pointed at stakeholders doing what they do best; finding ways to generate capital. There is no animosity generated between work done and one paying for it at a market value, but there is between work and capital generation.

I appreciate this reply. I often see nerds on the internet decry things without understanding the needs or motivations of people not like them, especially on topics that really bother nerds. Thanks for pushing hard to do that personally. It’s inspiring me to try to do it more too.
>Money doesn’t just materialize out of thin air to make that work.

Except when money does materialize out of thin air with fractional reserve banking. That's not for us, though. Obviously, we all know that burnin'-money for us tech folks grows on VC trees these days.

Interestingly enough, my business makes more money with offering one time payments. I set the one time price to how much the subscription would cost over 2 years. Because my SMB customers were churning after just a couple of months, this switch 6x-ed my revenue per customer, but reduced my number of new customers by around 3 times. So in total 2x more revenue with 3x less work :) [Setting up new customers took manual work, so not 100% SaaS]
It's actually getting wild "out there". WordPress was once a really good choice for a blogging platform. Now, majority of the "popular" plugins are strictly businesses. E.g. You can use our API for 100 calls a month, either pay up to use this plugin more or wait another 30 days to get another 100 calls.

And yes, it is mostly the cost of convenience. For example, I manage my own server not because it's cheaper (which it is), but because I don't need to pay extra $50 a month to get a "managed" experience.

Same goes for very mundane tasks like image compression. You can pay some company to do it on your behalf, or you can go to GitHub and grab a fully functional library to compress 1,000 photos in an instant.

Yes. I didn't do much with wordpress for years, but always thought of it as a very open-source-ish community. Recently I find myself taking on a pre-existing wordpress site with a lot of plugins. I was quite surprised by the way so many plugins are available for $$$. It's sort of impressive "professionalisation" of the ecosystem. I can see it's allowing/encouraging glossy presentation, explanatory videos, documentation, and support guarantes, but there's a voice in my head thinking "Nah! These PHP snippets are all supposed to be free aren't they?"
Yep. I used to spend a lot of time working with WordPress sites, maybe 5 or so years ago. I don't have any factual data for this, but I suspect that some of the plugin creators pivoted to a "greedy by design" strategy.

If you have had 1,000s of bloggers write about your free product, advertising it on your behalf for years. Why not take that success and squeeze the living soul out of it?

I mean, it's not like people are going to go back to their reviews or old blog posts to correct something. All the "juice" is still being passed to you, and search engines like Google are none the wiser.

One thing that I think is usually absent from this is the fact that most copyleft licenses are being interpreted by the industry has having a SaaS loophole[1][2], which makes the economics of developing software much more attractive. On one hand you get to use all GPL'ed code for free, so your developers have to build much less things in house, whereas you also exploit the economics of rent vs sell as other commenters have explained. It's a double whammy for the software industry which would have high margins by just using a "sell" model anyway.

That being said I believe the SaaS loophole plays a big part in this, a lot of code that is out there today would have to be re-written to be sold in a traditional model and still be compliant with copyleft software licenses and usually this is not mentioned in these discussions.

[1] https://www.whitesourcesoftware.com/resources/blog/the-saas-...

[2] https://opensource.stackexchange.com/questions/11467/can-i-u...

It’s less of a loophole and more of a way to make sure software doesn’t collapse overnight, given you’d have to comply with the GPL for using libc or parts of the Linux kernel.
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Obviously tangential to the main point here, but one thing I'm grateful for is my bank (Monzo) allowing me to set up virtual cards. I no longer have any anxiety about speculative subscriptions because I can unilaterally cancel anything.
This obviously depends on T&C but failed payment usually doesn't mean cancelled subscription.

Some services will block & close your account, but some will continue to accumulate the debt to a point where it's high enough to sell to debt collectors.

It’s really only a last resort in “disused lavatory with a sign on the door saying ‘Beware of the Leopard‘“ situations, but they’re welcome to fight me.
Are you cancelling the service? Or are you just stopping paying? If they’re still providing the service you just aren’t paying then I don’t know if that puts you in the wrong.
This appears to me to be less about subscriptions per se and more about how VC and public markets drive tech companies to dial up the rent extraction to 11 at the first available opportunity.

At this point it seems like the capital markets have long past moved from symbiosis with the productive economy into parasitism and are now accelerating their killing of the host.

It starts from day one. Pitch decks that don’t have a subscription revenue model are routinely ignored, so founders find a way to shoehorn subscriptions in somehow even though the product isn’t a “natural” fit for subscriptions.
I blame loose monetary policy.
A conversation needs to be had over subscription humans.

The real world today is increasingly run by subscription humans, or “employees.” They are lazy, business-hostile, and rent extracting.

My most recent experience is John and Amy and Sam, completely do-nothing, scam people who command ridiculous amounts of salary with no easy way to fire them or unsubscribe.

What has the world come to, where labor has been appropriated and we are left paying rents every month to these business-hostile humans!

Why can we not force them to create software for us, for free?

/s

Yes, I miss the good old days, when you could just pay the one upfront cost for your slave and use them as long as you wanted.

;)

This analogy doesn't work. The OP didn't say software should be free, or that people shouldn't be paid.

One-time fees for software were common less than a decade ago. How did those companies manage to make payroll each month?

A lot of comments are already addressing this horrible trend of moving from standalone native software to “SaaS” but this one is also terrible:

> now trying to trick people to use One Drive more

A lot of software are now deliberately blurring the line between local storage and cloud storage, not just Office. When I choose to save a file, I expect to save it locally to my hard disk, in a file that I can find and manipulate, and keep secure. More and more, software is nudging users to save their files in “the cloud.” Non-techie users don’t understand the implication of this: they are uploading their private data to the Internet!

Whenever I read an article about a creeper hacking so-and-so’s cloud storage to download their nude images, I wonder if the victim had any idea they were inadvertently posting their private files to the Internet.

iCloud is one of the worst offenders because it is so seamless and invisible. Apple urges iCloud usage constantly, and once you turn it on, the mechanism to de-iCloud yourself is buried in settings.

Software more and more are hiding the fact that they are either saving your files on the Internet or mirroring copies on the Internet, and this is a terrible trend for user privacy and keeping control of their data.

There's a trade off between privacy and security when it comes to backups. For the average user, cloud backup is probably the right choice.
Does this justify harassing users over and over again?

I know many people are annoyed by the dialogues that popup these days where they ask your something they want ("do you allow xyz?") and the only two choices you have is "yes" and "not now" and they proceed to ask you again and again.

Same with with cookie dialogues. The vast majority of cookie dialogues employ dark patterns that make you give up the maximum amount of privacy if you click the most visually enticing option.

The whole notification center in Mac is just a harrasment tool for me. Difficult to turn off, needs atomic actions for each and every app separately, new ones has the default on for whatever things those want to bother me about, non time sensitive or communication software (e.g. photo editing) send notifications if left on unnecessarily, no option for permanently and explicitly disable but only workarounds and dirty tricks to get rid of if you do not need the whole thing (like you have your own reliable way of processing events not relying on assistance). It is only an annoyance that is forced on me not a helpful feature this way. I have to spend time repeatedly to discard it in useless cases, distracts me from my activities not helping me, it is in the way constantly despite the workaround (without which it would be even more distracting, would be a constant distraction).
This has gotten so bad, even HP has jumped onboard with their printers. The HP Smart app, which most printers ask for on first connection, now requires an HP cloud account.

Enterprise printers still have traditional driver suites that you can download from HP's website. But if you don't know that, you end up with HP Smart and their document cloud.

I don't think it's a separate trend, more of a consequence of the difference between native and web becoming blurry. Non-tech users see and use Facebook as they see and use Office: interfaces with data stored somewhere. They are fine with social media posts not being files on their computer, why would they bother for other apps? Especially if they mainly use tablets and not a desktop computer.

More broadly files in the traditional sense (OS desktop metaphor) are irrelevant in a SaaS context, even if some UX show "files" (like Google Doc) for convenience or familiarity it's not really files but entries in a database.

Personally (and as a huge fan of classic MacOS Spatial Finder) it pains me, but I'm not sure if I'm clinging to nostalgia or if we are heading the wrong way. Maybe we could have a middle ground where files don't exist anymore but it's very clear for the user where data is stored.

You're right about the blurring of the line. But the average user doesn't care as long there is access to the file. Saving the files on your computer require you to backup regularly the files and that's to much of a hassle for the average user in comparison to just saving it to the cloud.
>I expect to save it locally to my hard disk, in a file that I can find and manipulate, and keep secure. More and more, software is nudging users to save their files in “the cloud.” Non-techie users don’t understand the implication of this: they are uploading their private data to the Internet

Is that the expectation of younger generations? Do they want their only copy of a file on something that can fall in the toilet? Is the home network router and device OS more secure and more monitored than the cloud hosted firewalls?

Despite the implications of being placed in an opaque internet location I did a test on iCloud not long after its introduction to see if it could be used for non-sensitive things but the very first test scared me away at the point of turning off cloud sync on my Mac, notifying me that 'your local files will be deleted'. Very, very scary that (unknowingly!) I make the primary location into the cloud on setting up iCloud storage and that takes precedence and instead of just breaking link and leave disconnected items in place data loss is forced on me on my premises. To me this is - sorry for the strong word but this is the proper one here - idiotic design.

I use cloud sync only for my contact list now where practicalities override privacy concern. Just recently, after years of usage (with lots of problems, merging various devices the wrong way, ending up in duplications, ghost contacts, inflated list with garbage) I turned off the sync on a computer getting retired with offering the option 'keep contact list locally' but it did not work. Selecting this option still erased ALL contacts from my local computer. Which actually was an intended way eventually, so no harm is done this specific time, but shown how unreliable and dangerous is using iCloud on top of the privacy concerns. I will remain using it for contacts - with the aforementioned problems - but will need extra care on making changes to it.

It is 'ironic' when there is an intended conveninece functionality that eventually makes your life more complex and miserable than before, without that.

I think it is fair to complain about user-hostile and scammy companies.

However, I strongly believe selling software with a one-time fee was the problem in the first place. An ongoing service requires ongoing efforts to keep it stable, secure and modern. Just like you pay for housing on a monthly, recurring basis. It's the same with software.

btw: the oldest subscription models are insurances. No one is complaining about them.

But the insurances accumulate the money in the event it has to pay for an event that triggers it.

If nothing bad happens or if whatever happens is not covered, the insurance company gets to keep the money. It's a risk management business. It's quite different from a SaaS, imho.

Isn't getting nothing in return even worse?
A lot of software doesn't have to be a "service", such as Photoshop. Photoshop doesn't need to be connected to the internet and receive constant updates. There was never an issue with Photoshop versions having one-time fees.
Of course it does. Software and the components are never bug / loop hole free. SW development doesn't simply stop just because a version was released.
If that was the case, then Adobe delivered a defective product and should make the patch available to people who bought the one-time license.

Patches used to be a thing, right?

Software is never ready :) that's the whole point.
You also don't _need_ photoshop at all. Just speak with your wallet. No company as large as Adobe is going to be listening to comments online.

It's like people complaining about 1000+ dollar phones, you don't need to buy that, and the company isn't going to listen to complaints.

Most companies listen to the market only.

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I don't think this is fundamentally about subscriptions. They're a different business model, but there are positives too: for example they align what users pay far more closely with the value they get from a product.

If you use a tool for one month, you pay a small amount, if you use it every month for years you pay more. In the old world, if you wanted to use purchase-once software just once, then you had to pay far more upfront.

It aligns incentives too: developers are strongly incentivized to keep existing users happy, rather than ignoring them and constantly chasing the next new sale.

I do think there's a financial/UX problem with subscriptions though, and a lot of shady players trying to abuse that. Really, imo banks need to provide subscription management services as a standard feature. They already know what continual billing is currently linked to your card - they should let you block renewing charges by vendor from your account directly. That'd give you complete control and visibility into all your subscriptions in one place, whether the vendor likes it or not.

This is the kind of thing I'd like to see, I'm not opposed to subscription services by themselves but the predatory and shady practices that often accompany them have made me default to negative assumptions about products and services that use them. I wonder if there are any potential consumer protection laws that could make the situation better, such as:

  - The same mechanism to subscribe must also be available to unsubscribe
  - Automatic billing is not assumed and must be opt-in, perhaps renewed occasionally
  - If a user does not use your service for the billing period you cannot charge them for it
Subscription management would be nice, but it’s a bit more complicated than simply blocking transactions; just because a tx doesn’t go through doesn’t mean you opted not to continue with the service, it just means the service provider was unable to collect on your payment. For new tech companies like Netflix, a lapsed subscription goes away easily since it’s prorated so they just stop providing you service, but many companies take the hostile route and send any lapsed subscriptions to collections without blocking access to their services.
Ha! You are on to something regarding banks.

A couple of months ago I blocked allcky cards via App (so that only when you unblock it payments go through).

At the end of the month all my subscription services whined that they couldn't charge me they sent an email saying that my subscription was at risk.

Tidal, YouTube, Google Storage, AWS, among others.

AWS and Google Drive did the right thing: it provided me a page where I could manually run the payment (after temporarily unlocking the card).

YT and Tidal were terrible: after contacting their support (For YT I had to go to twitter... what a joke), they told me they had no way for me to pay manually. The only way was to wait for their automatic billing.

Tidal was the worst: After two days they cancelled my plan (OK) and THEN I was able to repurchase the plan to ge charged there... and immediately after I paid , THEY BLOCKED MY IP!!

Automated billing should be prohibited. Or at least companies should be forced to provide manual renewal option.

> It aligns incentives too: developers are strongly incentivized to keep existing users happy, rather than ignoring them and constantly chasing the next new sale.

Alternately it incentivizes vendor lock-in. If you can't keep users happy, why not keep their data hostage instead?

If it was possible to subscribe only when you [i]used[/i] the software it would be fine, but even that would be awkward.

I mean, the best case I can think of is Quantrix. It's an innovative spreadsheet progrem that tries to bring back the standards of Lotus Improv. I don't know of any equivalent in OSS. It used to have a perpetual license with small upgrades and while it was quite expensive, it means it could be bought to learn and experiment and if you needed to convince your boss to try it it's not that much of a layout.

Then the company that makes it was bought by a financial services company who re-targeted at that market. They do not list the pricing on their site any more. Want to know what it is? $2000 a year, immediate and total loss on lapse. So basically individuals can't access it anymore, nobody can learn it, and there's very little chance of any company that doesn't already know it or doesn't have money to burn taking it up. Which is a kick in the teeth, because I think many people agree that the standard spreadsheet is a crock, and what was showing signs of being interesting or innovative in that area is now a locked-down rich club. I guess you could write an OSS version if you were up for being sued over spurious software patents by a company whose backers can just manufacture money at will. Yea.

Or how about TheBrain? Their model had the potential for a ton of innovation based on evolving semantic technologies. What was their business model instead? Patent the Plex model to lock out competitors, push everyone's Brains into the cloud, go subscription, and then just sit. The upgrades have become smaller and smaller since the subscription came in.

SAAS, concerned billing, is a desktop application with the optional support fee that became mandatory ( in many cases).

At least, that's how I perceive it.

I think I tend to think of commercial software in two categories: the stuff that realistically needs to have a service component, and the stuff that works entirely independently.

In my case, I pay subscriptions for things like Strava or Duolingo – software that realistically needs to have a service component and where I want the extra features. I don't really mind this model – the service component is key to their operation and there are offline-only alternatives available. Paying a regular fee is reasonable for software that has an ongoing cost for the seller.

Similarly, there are a bunch of mostly-offline apps that I'm happy to pay a one-off fee for – things like Sublime Text, Dash or BetterTouchTool in my case. Games too, for the most part. I like the model that offers maybe a limited number of future updates free-of-charge, after which another license or an upgrade is needed.

I think the frustration you feel is for software that tries to straddle these categories unnecessarily. Like 1Password – a totally fine software package that worked great for me offline, but which I would now need to subscribe to if I want to continue using it, despite having zero interest in connected features.

Adobe is the worst at this though – I have literally negative interest in any of the "cloud connectivity" features or whatever. They actively make the product worse for me, but they will refuse to take my money in exchange for a one-off license to use software they sell. So now I have the stupid-ass spyware running on my machine in order to bombard me with shitty ads for other things they sell. I hate it.

There is little more annoying that wanting to buy something—and I'm not talking about cheaping out on it either—and having the seller actively refuse to sell it to you. And I think that's where the feeling of frustration comes from – the constant feeling of something trying to trick and manipulate you into becoming a more profitable customer for them by making your experience worse.

There are also other things beyond vendor lock-in which facilitate rent-seeking:

- Cronyism. The only way to get a big B2B customer for you SaaS product is if you are friends with an executive at a big tech corporation. Otherwise your chances are nil - No matter how good your product is.

- Regulatory capture. Big corporations have an advantage because they can use their connections to politicians to change the regulatory environment in their favor.

- Monetary capture. The monetary system reinforces the dominance of big corporations because they and their customers (from which their revenue is derived) have access to easy money from huge government contracts and banks (since they can borrow at lower interest rates than others).

- Limited liability. Corporations are legal constructs which are not liable for crimes (especially negligence) in the same was as people are. Corporations don't go to jail for example; they can always replace executives who have been committing crimes on their behalf, pay a small fine and keep going as if nothing happened. This creates an incentive for executives to commit crimes on behalf of corporate shareholders and then shareholders have an incentive to use their aggregate political connections to shield executives as much as possible from personal liability... They will throw them under the bus in extreme cases but then repeat and keep trying to normalize misconduct.

So with vendor lock-in, there are 5 factors which rig the markets - Each one is very powerful on its own but apparently still insufficient to keep the economy running as it is...

Yes ugh, The App store is basically unusable right now because nearly every app requires a subscription. Maybe I shouldn't complain about this since I have a subscription service myself, but don't really know what alternatives I have since the service requires fixed costs. But still ugh.