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As it happens, there’s been a 52% increase in infections and 17% increase in hospitalisation recently. Death rates are flat though.

Was reported on Channel 5 News today.

What about the long-term impact on the lungs, etc?

> Was reported on Channel 5 News today.

That does not fill me with confidence.

> That does not fill me with confidence.

You mean because Viacom?

Paramount now, but no: it's nothing to do with Viacom, but just that Channel 5's news programmes feel (to me, at least) dumbed-down in comparison to the BBC's or Sky's - let alone written journalism.

I'm not accusing them of media-bias or intentional misreporting, but I just don't expect C5 to be entirely accurate on nuances of the issues reported or things like second-order consequences of news events. Medical news is far outside their organizational expertise: they don't have their own journalists: their Ofcom-mandated news programmes are made by ITN which just repackage AP/Reuters/BBC/ITN - it's better to get information closer to the source, where the details are, rather than getting lost in the game of telephone played between researchers, their journals, the journals' publishers (...and publicists), to newsgatherers, to newsagencies' editors, to newsrooms, and your screen. There's a lot of people in the way: https://phdcomics.com/comics/archive.php?comicid=1174

So what I mean is that getting news on Covid from C5 is like getting world affairs updates from South Park.

Evidently it can do brain damage as well as recently noted in some studies.
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>Death rates are flat though.

Death rates tend to lag hospitalisations and infections.

It may well be less deadly, but it is far more contagious. Reinfection also seems to be not uncommon. We do not fully understand the long term effects of even a mild case, or indeed how repeated reinfection might compound any such effects, given that we might expect to catch it once or twice a year as opposed to once or twice in our lives for flu.
better hide inside forever just to be sure
"Long Covid" is mainly just hypochondria. A lot less of it is real than the hype would have you believe. The media loves spooky stuff because it generates clicks.

Hypochondriacs are a thing: they are out there. Some of them have gotten Covid-19, and that of course turns into their new obsession.

interesting, i hadn't heard that. could you tell my what research university in your ass you pulled that out from?
to add to that, its pretty common for respiratory infections to take months to clear up. its not a covid specific thing
Hypochondriacs do exist in the world, but I think you're being very dismissive.

Lung scarring is certainly real and can take a long time (up to a year) to fully heal. This isn't imaginary: lung function and capacity can be quantified and measured.

The thing is, there are claims circulating that long Covid can develop weeks and months after a Covid infection, and even one that was mild or symptom-free.

I don't doubt that tissue damage from Covid isn't real; like people having loss of smell or heart trouble.

But there is considerable scaremongering around it which plays into the psychology of hypochondria.

A healthy dose of skepticism is needed here, and remembering where the burden of proof lies.

I'm afraid it is all too real. Reality keeps happening regardless of whether it is click inducing or not! We should try to get handle on how serious the problem is, and what may be done about it. More science is coming in now.
Some observed effects may be real, but the alleged association isn't real until proven.

Simply, too many people have had Covid to be able to squarely blame prior Covid infection for everything weird that's happening to everyone health-wise.

Maybe those people would have developed those symptoms anyway. A pandemic broke out and so, like millions of others, they got it, and now their inevitable predicament (those weird symptoms) get blamed on that, which may be wrong.

All sorts of people had all sorts of weird health issues; and now all sorts of people with weird health issues also have a Covid-19 history, because it's common to have one.

If Covid were a rare disease, it would be different. Say that only 100 people in the United States got Covid-19 in a particular year, and then 79 of them had weird symptoms months and months later. That would strongly indicate there is something there.

Look, we all have to die. From now on, whenever someone dies (spontaneously, not accidentally), do we blame it on Covid-19, if they ever had it?

A: Did you hear? Bob died last week. Heart attack. Just turned 69.

B: Yikes, I just remembered something: didn't he have Covid-19 back in 2021 when he was, what, ... 43?

A and B, in unison: OMG, long Covid!

B: Caught up with him.

A: Got him in the end, wow.

You do realize there is a happy middle ground between hiding inside forever and pretending COVID doesn't exist, right?
Yes, that middle ground is stopping all required COVID mitigations and let people live their lives as they did before. COVID is here to stay. Time to start treating it like every other endemic disease.

ps Pretty sure the comment you responded to was sarcasm.

> ps Pretty sure the comment you responded to was sarcasm

I think it was more mockery than sarcasm. It’s a pretty common insult to make fun of people that wear masks, quarantine, etc. as being afraid or weak. It’s not a constructive or interesting viewpoint.

>To an epidemiologist, an endemic infection is one in which overall rates are static — not rising, not falling. More precisely, it means that the proportion of people who can get sick balances out the ‘basic reproduction number’ of the virus, the number of individuals that an infected individual would infect, assuming a population in which everyone could get sick. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-00155-x

covid isn't endemic

We should require ventilation improvements in buildings. Small cost that makes life better for everyone that uses the building.

Should also try to push back against a culture of going to work and similar when blatantly symptomatic (I don't want a cold, I don't care if it is mild, I don't want it).

Except it is not like every other endemic disease. It is very contagious, systemic (i.e. more than just a respiratory infection), has a propensity to cause serious long term effects, and immunity against it seems to wane.

People lead their lives under all sorts of necessary restrictions (e.g. seatbelts, motorbike helmets). Unfortunately these extra restrictions highlighted that uncomfortable and inevitable fact. Some people have been able to deal with this better than others.

I stopped caring about any of this over a year ago, and more people are joining me every day. Nobody is going in the opposite direction.

Normal people will win through sheer attrition.

Win what? More sickness? You will care very much if debilitating long Covid happens to you. It is easy to be carefree when things are going well.
I think he's right. People are giving up on covid mitigations a lot faster than people are dying of covid. Every day I see fewer people wearing masks than before, and death rates are trending in the opposite direction.
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That is pretty much what we have done in the UK.
The elderly, people with health conditions and their carers can’t take such liberties.

It’s a shame how easily we overlook and disregard swathes of people.

These people have always been more vulnerable to diseases and less likely to survive them. COVID changes nothing.
so do you think we should get rid of safety warnings on products and product recalls? I mean kids and elderly people are more vulnerable to them and according to your logic, these warnings and recalls will do nothing.
Increasing mortality rates through additional threats certainly does change your life expectancy.
A lot of older people also have settled down, have bigger flats or houses and aren't so badly affected as young people. Having to do with kids a lot my experience has been, that the last two years have been brutal for those in puberty e.g. The people between 12 and 30 really have been, and you will find this to be statistically evaluated, hit the hardest in terms of mental health issues on average. So from their viewpoint it is imho a valid question to ask how much they sould be willing to hold back anymore and ignore the things that are important in the lives of the young.
And enact laws so everybody else also is forced to stay home forever!
and ever and ever and ever! But if Covid had a CFR of 10%, disproportionately affecting children, then yes we'd be doing whatever it took to eliminate it.
The flu once mutated to be very deadly, and there's no particular reason it couldn't happen again. For all anybody really knows, the next super deadly flu strain might show up tomorrow. Are you going to spend your life terrified of this "what if" scenario too?
Preparing for the worst and mitigating risk != being terrified
That depends on the level of preparation and the steps taken to mitigate risk. Further, sometimes those levels of preparation and mitigation are actually more harmful than the danger itself.
That’s true. It’s a cost/benefit, risk/reward calculation that everyone needs to make.
The subtext on all these discussions is generally mandates, so we're talking about a risk/reward calculation made on our behalf, not by us individually.
Yeah societies have to continually make decisions for the benefit of the group that affect the individual.

Taxes, military, traffic laws, etc.

So were you going through life wearing a mask to mitigate the risk of a deadly flu in 2018 and before? I think probably not, but if your priority is risk mitigation, shouldn't you have been?

Risk mitigation is not my priority. If it were, I'd never ride my bike again, even with my helmet. I'd never go kayaking, or rock climbing. I wouldn't swim in lakes, and you'd never catch me in the ocean. If I were preparing for the worst, I'd go everywhere with a tourniquet in my back pocket, keep a few thousand dollars cash in my shoe, and get myself vaccinated for rabies right now. I have no intent to do any of these things, because such fretting every possibility is no way to live.

> So were you going through life wearing a mask to mitigate the risk of a deadly flu in 2018 and before? I think probably not, but if your priority is risk mitigation, shouldn't you have been?

No because those flu viruses were not novel, or as deadly.

When there is a large degree of uncertainty (like a deadly novel virus), I personally tend towards caution and am fine being too cautious rather than not cautious enough. If you don’t, that’s fine and that’s your choice.

The lifestyle examples you give are too simplistic. I’m willing to bet you’re willing to ride your bike on some roads and not others, or swim at some beaches in some weather conditions and not others. To act like you never assess the situation or act in a way that mitigates your risk is absurd. I bet you wear a seatbelt on occasion and look both ways when crossing the road. Those are risk mitigation techniques.

> No because those flu viruses were not novel, or as deadly.

That information always lags reality. When/if the next deadly flu strain emerges, it will have emerged before it is discovered to have emerged. If you're not planning for this scenario, are you really planning for the worst case? You could be Patient Zero for Spanish Flu Part Two, with your preemptive masking being the difference between global disaster and nothingburger.

> If you're not planning for this scenario, are you really planning for the worst case?

No, I was being a little loose with my language there. I didn’t mean the literal worst case of being patient 0. I agree that I don’t plan for that. My personal risk tolerance is higher than that.

I meant the more colloquial worst case of hearing about a deadly virus spreading rapidly in the news and then deciding to react with an abundance of caution once it seems probable that my community will be affected. Then I’m fine playing it safe.

Just like I would with any other forecasted threat from Mother Nature like a fire, hurricane, blizzard, etc.

The more certainty it’s going to affect me + the greater uncertainty of the short & long terms effects = the greater the caution.

So in 2020 when I was highly confident COVID would infect my community + there was very little info about how deadly it was = I was overly cautious

As more info came out I became less cautious.

We started masks when it became clear the Covid was far more contagious and deadly than the flu.
Not all flus are made equal, and the data about which flus are particularly deadly lags reality. If a flu as deadly as the Spanish Flu emerged again, you would be wise to worry about it. But until then? Until then, I suggest you go about your life.

We started wearing masks because covid actually existed, not because we feared that it might one day exist. Fear of hypothetical future covid strains is an example of the later, not the former. I'll consider fearing them once they actually exist, just like those hypothetical future flu strains.

>So were you going through life wearing a mask to mitigate the risk of a deadly flu in 2018 and before? I think probably not, but if your priority is risk mitigation, shouldn't you have been?

During flu season? Of course. As well as soon any cold symptoms were felt. My institution would also issue stay-at-home recommendations during flu outbreaks.

You might have worn a mask during previous flu seasons, but it'd be helpful to acknowledge that almost nobody else did. Prior to COVID, masks were a curiosity, not a norm.
I would also say I’ve never worked anywhere in the US that issued a stay at home order during a flu outbreak either. The poster is definitely exaggerating the state of things prior to Covid IMO.
> Prior to COVID, masks were a curiosity, not a norm.

Only because we live in a “me” society and not a “we” society. If we were sensible, masking up would be normal when one has a cold/there’s a local flu outbreak. So much illness and lost productivity would be easily avoided with a minor change in expectations and behaviour.

> Prior to COVID, masks were a curiosity, not a norm.

In the US and much of Europe. In other countries they absolutely were the norm. I'm not advocating for permanent mask wearing, but I absolutely DO think we should have shown more concern for others prior to Covid. It drove me nuts how many people would show up to work with "just a mild flu" or "just a cold" with no concern for the likelihood they might pass it on to others.

> In the US and much of Europe. In other countries they absolutely were the norm.

Only ever for people who actually felt sick. Not for all people by default regardless of how they felt. If I'm wrong please correct me, I'd love to know of this land where wearing surgical masks was the default expectation of everybody all the time.

https://www.nippon.com/en/features/jg00084/

I'm from the US and have spent limited time in other countries, so I can only really judge based on what I've read, but it was my understanding that masks where common in a number of countries pre-pandemic, mostly the denser areas of Asia. Certainly I had seen plenty of pictures of crowded subways and walkways with far more people wearing masks than one would expect if only the sick were wearing them, and the above article, written in 2016 seems to confirm that impression.

It's worth noting that if your only wearing a mask because you feel sick and have decided to go out anyway.... Well your doing it wrong. Everyone understands that a surgical mask is not a highly effective barrier against the spread of a virus, be it cold, flu, or Covid. What it DOES do is help keep those little moisture molecules to yourself such that if your unknowingly packing one of these viruses you somewhat reduce the chances of spreading it. Even a small percentage reduction in spread when amplified across a large population can have a huge effect on the total number of cases.

When your symptomatic, and thus most likely to be contagious, just stay the heck home.

Did you learn to swim before trying swimming in lakes or did you just jump in one day? seems like a risk mitigation to me if you took any lessons or practiced at all.

No one's asking for everyone to hide in their houses forever, we want increased testing, contact tracing, and mechanisms for community protection that kick in when cases start to rise, not after they've reached critical mass. Think of these like the swimming lessons you took and laps you did in the pool before you moved on to the lake.

Lakes are risky even if you know how to swim. There are amoeba that can swim up your nose and into your brain, giving you a very painful death. This risk can be trivially mitigated by wearing a noseplug or by refraining from swimming in lakes at all. I don't do either of these things, because I don't give a shit about the risk of some amoeba. Some people do, but most people don't.

Are there some risks I choose to mitigate? Of course. But there are maaany more risks that I choose to ignore. Everybody is entitled to their own opinions on which risks they want to tolerate and which are intolerable. Which leads to my next point..

>No one's asking for everyone to hide in their houses forever, we want [...]

Everybody has their own set of 'common sense' desires, but virtually none of those desires is universal. Using the 'royal we' to implicitly upgrade your personal desires to the desires of society in general is a tedious rhetorical trick. As for general population trends, covid mitigations were quite popular for the past two years, but with every day that passes more and more people stop caring. Go outside and see it for yourself, mask usage is dropping off a cliff even in the progressive west coast city I call home. There will come a day, soon, when wearing a mask will make you the odd one out.

While risk mitigation isn't your priority, you do it, all the time. The reward for riding your bike far outweighs what little risk exists. So you ride your bike. Not doing something had a risk as well. Not riding your bike may mean walking on the street for longer or not getting enough exercise. The cost of wearing a mask far outweighs the risk of catching the flu.
I thought this for a long long time too.

I have come to realize I was wrong.

If we humans always prepare for the worse, then indeed we will always be terrified. There is no way for us (I know for me) to decouple the nightmarish scenarios I ingested and prepared for, from my emotions. I want to be Spock [0], but I am not. I cannot be on the edge 24/7. I did that for decades (for work & life), it kills me and everyone around me. There is no way to enjoy this great world we live in.

So, what do I do? I try to find a "good enough" preparedness for me personally, and my family. Where is that "good enough" for me? It is just a touch more than the average preparedness. I do not have a bomb shelter, but I do have a "breakdown box" in my vehicles; I do not have hidden caches of food, ammo, household needs, but I have a well stacked pantry; and, so on.

[^0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spock

>Are you going to spend your life terrified of this "what if" scenario too?

This might be worth reviewing. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_charity

The sentiment could have been worded better, but the principle cuts both ways, and you could opt to (charitably) read it as a sincere, well-intentioned challenge to the assumptions that govern how we respond to risks. "Terrified" was definitely not the best word; bad word choices happen!

These COVID threads are almost always garbage, but we can't make them better by throttling people for writing snarkily; if there's something of value to take from a comment on these threads, everyone will have to do the work of mining it out.

I merely stated the facts as best we currently understand them. No policy or individual suggestions were made! Given the nature of your response, I suspect that you are in denial to a large extent.

Regarding the flu - indeed this was expected to be the next pandemic, but the lowly coronavirus got there first! Should there be a deadly flu outbreak, or even another coronavirus, I hope our response will be less politicized and more effective.

> "once or twice in our lives for flu."

I guess some people are more susceptible than others (or have more risk due to lifestyle factors), but only once or twice in a lifetime? I'd guess I've had a really bad flu at least once every 4-5 years or so on average in my lifetime, and moderate cases probably every 1-2 years.

I had Covid twice as well, within a year (both times in 2020, before vaccines were available).

I am not sure I've ever had the flu. Haven't had a severe viral illness in decades. Wouldn't want to say I remember well further back than that.
I'm 30 and I've only had a bad flu once. I had to take a few days off work around 6-8 years ago.
Were those actually tested to prove they are a flu virus? Because typically, people say they have the flu when in actual they have a really bad cold.
I can't speak for this individual, but when kids are involved, it's normal to get tested and confirm, yes, you've gotten infected with influenza.

A year pre-covid my whole family (kids first) got the flu. Viral test confirmed one kid got two strains in succession ("A" and "B").

Its sudden onset, sudden remission, total body exhaustion, lack of my traditional cold symptoms, etc. made it very obviously different from any cold I'd had. Previous to that, I thought "the flu" was some strong "the common cold". Or just a word for arbitrary viral infection (e.g. "stomach flu").

I understand "the flu" has an ambiguous meaning now in English, but I'll certainly recognize that kind of infection again.

"once or twice in our lives" flu is a seasonal illness, unless you're a complete shut in, you get it much more frequently than that, considering the modern diets and vitamin deficiencies.
Except that is not true. We get the common cold quite often, but real flu very rarely. If you get the flu you know about it - it is much more severe than the common cold (which is why it kills people).
I've heard "if you get the flu you know it" spread around the internet for years, but given what we know now about the wide range of severity in cases of covid can that really be said with any confidence? Are we certain there aren't people who get the flu and are asymptomatic, or who just end up with mild to moderate cold symptoms?
> "given that we might expect to catch it once or twice a year"

There is absolutely no reason to expect that.

Over the last ~2 years some people caught COVID 2 or 3 times. That lines up with research saying natural antibodies might only last ~6 months.

It’s at the upper end of what I might guess but it’s plausible for some portion of the population.

We don't fully understand the long-term effects of COVID, but there's not much we can realistically do about it (short of continuing the push to get everyone vaccinated). There is little evidence that NPIs are meaningfully effective at scale, at least when practiced in a way compatible with the normal functioning of society.

I'm much more sympathetic to the death rate concerns (admittedly: Omicron makes it easy to have that kind of sympathy) than to the long-COVID stuff. Appeals to long-COVID all seem like an appeal to an application of the Precautionary Principle that, taken to any sort of logical conclusion, would shut down society. You can do shutdowns (and I supported them!) to manage an acute crisis, but you can't generally do them as a precaution.

A full lockdown like we had at the beginning would halt even Omicron - it is not that much more contagious than the original. Unfortunately the narrative settled on it being 'mild' and 'super contagious', therefore there was not much we could do about it and it didn't matter anyway. There are practical and ideological reasons why a section of society would wish us to fail against Covid, but that is outside the scope of this discussion I feel.

Measures such as customary mask wearing in public places, better ventilation, less tolerance of the 'walking sick' would certainly have an effect on the infection rate. If we are looking at a situation where health issues become more severe with each (re)infection, then this may be a reasonable approach to take.

>the narrative settled on it being 'mild'

that's a funny way of saying "it turned out to be mild". deaths and hospitalizations undershot all the dire predictions.

Correct me if I am wrong, but I think "NPI" here means "non-pharmaceutical intervention".

What a horrible acronym! Was it coined by the pharmaceutical industry? "To fight COVID, we have vaccines, antivirals, steroids, novel pharmaceutical approaches, and then we have a miscellaneous category of non-pharmaceutical interventions."

You could've used "PPE" here. (personal protective equipment.)

It's a term of art that's been around for decades and it means something different than what "PPE" means.
Still going to mask up when going indoors.

I don't want the flu, I don't want a cold and I don't want to get covid.

Great way to destroy your immune system
an even greater way to destroy your immune system? dying from covid!
Or I don't die from covid, and my toddler has lifelong slight disadvantage in language acquisition due to hysteria.
good point, many asian countries (where public masking has been commonplace well before covid) have notoriously terrible students and learning issues.
You don't see any issues at all with those in their most neuroplastic language development years being unable to see a face while they are acquiring their native language? I'm not interested in some bigoted conversation suggesting those in asian countries are somehow inherently superior at learning.

I never wear a mask when I'm with my toddler, even in public. I'd rather suffer whatever bad effects that bring me than risk lifelong language issues.

Do blind people have trouble speaking because they can't see faces?
When they are blind before they learn to speak, yes. Specialized instruction can mitigate this.
I would love to see research that shows that to be a correct statement and why so many in Asian countries do not seem to have compromised immune systems would be interesting as well.
'Asia' is a big place and it's a pretty bigoted statement to allude 'asia' hygiene/exposure standards exceed those of the reader.
How is that a bigoted statement?

This is but one source to support that people in Asia wear masks at a high rate. [1] [2]

[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC3536629/ [2] https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/culture-shocked/2020...

I could have misinterpreted the up-thread comment, but I read it as they were saying that the immune system can degrade its available response to certain pathogens when the immune system goes without adequate exposure to those pathogens.

The wearing of the mask is just one piece in this puzzle. Hygiene and sanitary practices vary widely across Asia. It could be that wearing a mask degrades maintenance of the immune system, but other sanitary practices in Asia result in the opportunity for the immune system to maintain vigilance. That is, it could be the immune system maintains itself in spite of the masks, rather than the mask having no effect or positive effect on immune system.

In Japan, before Covid, people did sometimes use masks but that wasn't the majority. Very far from it. If I'm not mistaken it is people who know they are sick that would wear a mask to protect others. That still doesn't work for people unknowingly carrying a virus.

And most people are unmasked: so they're still exposed to at least some pathogens. So I don't see why they'd have a compromised immune system.

Any ideas why we are seeing an upwards trend in COVID cases in europe as opposed to the US?
more testing, more cases
Do the test positivity rates agree with that theory?
I think it may be the number of at-home tests that are out there now. People aren't going in for testing, just testing at home and not reporting it.
Something that isn't begin mentioned, is that a lower IFR partially reflects the reduction in at risk groups. Those most at risk of dying have already succumbed to the disease.