77 comments

[ 4.8 ms ] story [ 155 ms ] thread
> Two hundred miles north of New Orleans

At that point, calling the fluid in the Mississippi River "water" is stretching the definition. It is rich and chunky with the flavor of all the land it fell on as rain. It'll put hair on your chest and crayfish in your pockets. Drink enough of it and you'll start to call them crawdaddies.

Sure its not hard to filter, but what will you do with all the silt? Look at how much effort we spend now dealing with all the silt right there. Without trying to handle it as part of water extraction.

I think there's gonna be better luck looking elsewhere, desalinization looks like about as much effort and less distance to move the results.

What if it's used for farmland only? Isn't that the main contributor to aquifer depletion in the midwest? Would the silt be helpful in that case?
In the farmland, but I'm guessing it'd be hell on the canals/aquaducts.
I like the idea of moving it as a slurry to upland farms. Erosion remediation: put the dirt back. Still going to be expensive and difficult; it's heavy and its gritty and corrosive and erosive. Pumping river water eats pumps.
It occurs to me that your username could imply some expertise in this :]
It could, but doesn't; I've been in the river south of Memphis once long ago and had some relevant experience but not expertise.

All hail the Army Corps of Engineers guys who actually design and are responsible for understanding our efforts to modulate that river. I've just helped scratch at the dirt in accordance with their directions a couple times.

Rivers tend to carve their own channel. The Mississippi is an exception because of how little elevation change there is. But a properly engineered channel should remain clear. The silt ultimately would end up on farmers fields which is generally a good thing.
Reminds me of the running jokes in Don Rosa’s Life of Scrooge - Uncle Porthole is always finding new ways of describing how muddy the Mississippi is (I believe many taken from Twain).
Let’s genocide thousands of species so California can grow almonds.
The idea is not really new. Similar suggestions have been made in India too over the last 2 decades - Interlinking of indian rivers to prevent floods and distribute water to areas that have less of it. It sounds all nice and logical, but everyone is unsure of the ecological impact.
China has a north/south water diversion "super project" underway. Same problem, different continent.
Libya did it but I doubt US wants to compare themselves to the late Gaddafi.
Instead of looking for lebensraum to steal from their neighbors, California should charge people a fair price for the limited resources and tell Californians to move to more sustainable parts of the world if they don't like the shortages/expenses.

If you want Mississippi water, pick up your ass and relocate it to one of the 32 states in the Mississippi watershed.

There's a lot of agriculture that occurs in California. I am certain people in the 32 states within Mississippi watershed eat a fair amount of food or enjoy lower food prices that occur in part because of California agriculture. Part of the whole reason of being in a 50 state union is to collectively pool our resources to improve everyone's lives and the wider economy.
If only there were some way of pricing the expense of producing something into the price paid by those who desire it.
Wasn't it the great economist Milton Friedman who said, "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs"? Or was that someone else who said that?

In all seriousness, the way the west (and California in particular) price water defies logic. All this talk about senior and junior water rights doesn't make any sense: it only benefits the entrenched incumbents. A properly setup market would simply price out water uses whose utility was materially less than demand of the produced product.

Not sure if being facetious, but just in case not or in case others are unfamiliar:

It's a quotation used by the socialist trio of Cabet-Blanc-Marx, and itself has origins in scripture, just with a materialist reframing, instead of a spiritual one.

No, it was another capitalist thinker. He loved capitalism so much he even wrote a book about capital!
As any machine learning dev knows, building an accurate utility function is a bugaboo.
Inaccurate water pricing causes weird things like Californians eating food grown in the Midwest so they can send food to the Midwest to eat.
Is that weird? Seems optimal for each region to grow the most efficient crops for their local conditions, which would require at least some of that type of trade.
Except you have people in California growing almonds in the desert.
Deserts are great places to grow things if you have the water available. Basically the foundation of civilization. See Egypt and Mesopotamia. Almonds grow great in California and are a great cash crop. We need to trade something to China for all that stuff.
Isn't it pretty clear that California doesn't have the water available?
Almonds and cotton require basically the same setup apparently - so growing almonds in cotton states would make more sense but nobody wants Georgian almonds
Perhaps we should be shouldn't be growing food in a desert?

Farmers in California are literally pumping the aquifers dry. There are already people who have had to abandon their homes because you can't just dig the wells deeper to hit water anymore.

>A frenzy of well drilling by California farmers leaves taps running dry

https://www.latimes.com/projects/california-farms-water-well...

The notion of growing "food" (i.e. almonds for export to China) in a desert is ludicrous, but how would you accomplish a ban on agriculture? At best, you might be able to create a program for farmers to give up their water rights in exchange for compensation. Even this is dubious, however. Water rights east of the Mississippi work differently than water rights to the west. In the west, they are based on seniority.
>how would you accomplish a ban on agriculture?

Ground water is a limited public resource. Farmers do not have the right to pump the aquifers dry and render the area uninhabitable.

I would imagine that you could require a license to pump ground water in areas where the ground water level has already dropped dangerously low.

>Water rights east of the Mississippi work differently than water rights to the west. In the west, they are based on seniority.

That applies to water on top of the ground (lakes, rivers, streams), not the water under the ground.

The Central Valley is not a desert, I do not like this meme.

Farmers in California were running out of water 100 years ago too, and people responded with massive engineering projects to regulate water throughout the year and move it from places that were at the time water-rich to places where more water would allow using the extremely fertile land with favorable weather for agriculture.

It’s not insane to consider doing the same again.

It's definitely insane to think that changing the direction of water as it flows downhill is anything like pumping water up over the mountains.
what is the relevance of needing to have a lot of pumps? Do you think the engineering involved is beyond the capability of the US, and your argument now is that it cannot be done?

The idea that californias water projects only direct water downhill is invalid anyway - the California aqueduct flows uphill quite a lot, and over mountains.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmonston_Pumping_Plant is one of at least 5 pumping plants along the aqueduct.

Kind of interesting though in that you kill two birds with one stone. Water for the desert and a massive pump storage battery.
Why is that food grown in California rather than in places with better water situations?
long growing season

sun

good soil, almost all capability class 1

ideal mediterranean climate

> ideal mediterranean climate

Not such an ideal climate evidently, since they're so desperate to import water.

No. More water arriving directly in the Central Valley would make it worse for agriculture, not better. Rain or snow are bad for crops. Controlled irrigation using water from somewhere else plus the mediterranean climate combine to make the Central Valley very productive.
P.S. this part about needing irrigation is not unique to the Central Valley.

Irrigation agriculture, rather than depending on natural water for growing, was an innovation humanity developed 6000+ years ago.

If it were such a great climate for growing things, they wouldn't be talking about getting fresh water from thousands of miles away.

It used to be a great climate for growing things, a century ago. But that was during an abnormally wet period in Californian history. California is usually much dryer than it was a century ago, and is drying out once again. In California, people think one or two centuries of experience with the land is a long time. In most of the world, that's a joke. Try farming the land for a thousand years before you form such expectations.

By your criteria, the Central Valley was never a great climate for growing things. A century ago there was not enough water in the San Joaquin valley, and people were talking about getting fresh water from hundreds of miles away.

I assume your opinion is probably that the water projects in California were all mistakes, but it’s not accurate to say that at some point the Central Valley was naturally ideal for growing things without artificial irrigation from far away.

but “does not require artificial irrigation” was not what I meant by “ideal climate.”

> There's a lot of agriculture that occurs in California.

in good part because California doesn't charge people a fair price for the limited resources.

In fact, California has plenty of water—except for the fact that its farmers mismanage their water and demand that it be free.

The Mississippi River basin is hardly an agricultural desert.

Downvoted for a wholly unnecessary Nazi comparison.
The Colorado River Compact controls water allocations from the Colorado River, not the individual states. The problem is the compact allocates more water than is in the river on average historically.
California grows more food than any other state. It’s not all almonds folks. Good luck just moving that somewhere else.
Indeed, a huge amount of food. And while we pay midwestern farmers not to grow so prices remain stable and high enough, we hide the external costs of water resources, and erosion keeping them artificially low. Big agriculture is a horribly distorted market and I'm not sure anyone knows what actual societal level costs are for broccoli or pistachios at this point.
It sounds as though this idea could exacerbate climate change if it were implemented.
How come there isn't enough talk about desalinization? Or am I oversimplifying this?

The western states are right next to an ocean (the largest one in fact) with sea levels and the amount of water rising faster than they could ever use it. There's basically unlimited (salt) water there. Desalinization is an extremely energy hungry process, but we also have a TON of sun and heat energy in these states as well that can be utilized.

The Coastal Act allows politicians to influence peddle. So you won’t hear from desalination experts in the popular press.
Because nuclear energy is the only viable (with the ability to not be capital-intensive if NIMBYs can be excluded from processes like siting) energy option for a process as energy-intensive as desalinization is. However, there's no realistic hope of excluding them.
On an annualized basis, tapwater in San Francisco costs $3.68 per cubic meter[1], which is actually approaching the rate for desalination to be cost effective. (For agriculture, it still far far (far) away.)

Traditional (distillation) desalination uses too much energy (10+ kWh per m3). Reverse osmosis plants drastically reduce that, to the 3kWh range[2]. From what I remember from my now-outdated university studies, the capital cost of the membrane was more the limiting factor, as they get fouled pretty quickly. Disposal of very-high-salinity brine is also an issue.

[1] https://sfpuc.org/sites/default/files/accounts-and-services/... says ~$10.71/unit, with each unit being 768 gallons, or 2907 litres. (there's a lower rate for the first 4 unit, which I would guess is subsidized). 10.71/2.907=$3.68

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_osmosis#Desalination

It would be like building highways to relieve suburban traffic.
Do they realize that the Old River Control Structure is stopping the Mississippi from avulsing down the Atchafalaya towards Morgan City? New Orleans won’t have any river water then.
> Parsons said the plan would replenish the upper Missouri and Mississippi Rivers during dry spells, increase hydropower along the Columbia River and stabilize the Great Lakes. He proposed using nuclear explosions to excavate the system's trenches and underground water storage reservoirs.

"nuclear explosions"!! Sounds legit.

Soviet engineers proposed something similar in the 50s/60s to divert rivers flowing north into the Arctic.
Yes, let's continue looking for ways to fill a literal desert with water during a period of global warming, that's the ticket.
If the Boring Company's cost estimates are anywhere near realistic a 1500 mile tunnel isn't too far off the cost range of other big infrastructure projects.

(Yes I realize this taken with a heaping spoonful of "what if", there are far better things to spend this money on, unknowable environmental impacts, there is a personality cult around that company, etc.)

Whenever someone estimates the time for some big project like this, "reviews and permitting and lawsuits" is always the biggest component. That's what scuttled the Huntington Beach desalinization plant.

After the Northridge Quake in LA, the Santa Monica Freeway was repaired in less than three months. Given the political will, the procedural roadblocks can be dealt with.

[1] https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-04-06-mn-42778-...

The replacement of the I35 Mississippi River bridge in Minneapolis was also fast tracked pretty well after it collapsed.

But, I imagine it’s much easier to fast track an infrastructure repair or replacement project than it is for a brand new infrastructure project.

There's a whole lot of potentially arable land between Louisiana and California that could be irrigated first. This idea makes no sense.
WHYYYYYYY is america refusing to invest in, and hasten the adoption of, large scale desalination plants?!

you've got immense coastal regions and those big blue oceans on both sides. invest in your future for once.

This reminds me, I’ve been meaning to read The Control of Nature by John McPhee.

Has anybody here read it?