I spent a year designing a low profile, minimal mechanical keyboard (electronicmaterialsoffice.com)

1131 points by aemerson_ ↗ HN
Hi HN,

During lockdown I took up the keyboard hobby but I couldn't find anything I liked the aesthetic of. So I set out to design my own keyboard from scratch that shunned the gamer look in favour of a more minimal, serious design.

I've built several prototypes but I would love to get some feedback from the HN community.

687 comments

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Looks really nice BUT:

There's a split between what people online post pics of on fancy desktop setups and what people prefer to use as their daily driver. Minimal keyboards are for minimalists, and people who like to show of their setups. Just like desktop vanity posts typically have speakers, yet everyone uses headphones.

Anecdotally there was a post recently on some PC subreddit asking what keyboard people preferred, and the overwhelming support was for 100%+ keyboards. Only people who didn't WFH much, or didn't have jobs involving any data entry at all could do without a numpad.

So, make a full version? People might think they're a bit ugly, but they're popular despite people being less willing to show off a massive keyboard.

You're right about the damn 'gamer' look though. The only good thing about the gamer look is that I will trust it has decent switches in it.

I disagree, I've been using laptop, or tenkeyless, or currently a 65-key optical mechanical keyboard, for forever. I almost never use the numpad, or pgup/home etc keys (vim user), and rarely function keys, so they just get in the way.

Keyboards are quite a personal thing, I think there's room for many different designs.

That's my whole point?

Add another design, because it's personal, and just the vocal minority that show off their sleek minimalist tenkeyless keyboards.

I wouldn't suggest adding too many designs at launch though, that's obviously unsustainable. But eventually sure. I'd just start with a minimal and a 100%. To cover the core bases.

I don't know, if you're going to start a new product company with a 'mission', it's not a bad debut to offer just a single product that embodies that mission.

This keyboard definitely has it's own style. I'm not sure I agree with it all, actually I don't, but it seems to know what it wants to be.

Funnily enough the only people I've seen using a fullsize keyboard for work are those using the company provided ones. Anyone who had their own had a TKL, or smaller.

I own a fullsize mechanical keyboard which I (used to) use for my personal computer, but for work I use a TKL. The only reason I have even had a fullsize at home was for Blender

Eh disagree. The most I have probably used a number pad is for playing Alpha Centauri. It's pretty unnecessary IMO unless all you do is a lot of data entry which is probably a minority of jobs. I don't like the extra effort of moving off home row to hit the number pad. Only recently with my Kinesis Advantage have I really started to use it and that doesn't have a real numpad at all.
> Only people who didn't WFH much, or didn't have jobs involving any data entry at all could do without a numpad.

I'm (mostly) a software dev for 15+ years and I've never felt the need for a numpad. I'm curious now - have I been really lucky that none of my gigs have ever involved any substantial numerical data entry? Do other devs have to constantly do that so it justifies the larger keyboard (which is off-center and is awkward to use on a laptop)?

From personal experience, I'd assume that jobs that require non-trivial amount of numerical data entry are <1% of total jobs that require a keyboard. Am I totally wrong here and living in a bubble?

(I've been 100% WFH for the past 5 years and I'm not sure how that related to the numpad / no nupad discussion?)

I do technical marketing (SEO, ads, analytics) and if I am ever in a spreadsheet I gravitate to the numpad for any numerical data entry. It's like touch-typing, superior way of doing it once you've learnt. No need to use shift for simple calculations, one-handed number typing, using my left hand to tab into the next cell, etc.

Customer services teams take down phone numbers and enter financial info better with a numpad. Finance teams use numpads constantly.

WFH is just about the people more likely to develop a preference because they're often buying their own desktop that they then use for work because it's more comfortable than a laptop. Working in an office you're likelier to use what's provided. Personally I use a keyboard of my own at the office and at home on WFH days. Both with numpads. Perhaps 1% of my day might involve the numpad but I'm not going to ditch the convenience for vanity.

> Perhaps 1% of my day might involve the numpad but I'm not going to ditch the convenience for vanity.

I think the point is that the numpad isn't free if you use the mouse with the right hand. It takes space on your desk, between the actual keyboard and the mouse. This stresses the joints a bit more. You either have to grab the mouse way out to the right, or type with your hands to the left.

So if you only use the numpad "1% of your day", I'd say there are reasonable reasons, outside of vanity, for preferring a keyboard without the numpad.

Sure, if you mainly use the mouse and the keyboard single-handedly (say, like a gamer would), the numpad probably doesn't bother you.

I'm not particularly into "vanity shots" of my desk, but I absolutely curse the full-size keyboard whenever I have to use one.

Never really noticed the extra distance but I suppose that's the point - it's all subjective experience. I'm just pointing out that smaller keyboards get the spotlight so often because they're different and not the default. They are more visually appealing for sure, but that extra attention they get doesn't mean that a full keyboard should be ignored either.

The OP is asking for feedback on their product launch. For me, a full keyboard user, that was to say they should consider a full keyboard at launch cos they're super common, and often, preferred. In no way am I trying to diminish other people's preferences for smaller keyboards.

Ergonomics is not vanity. Most 100% keyboards don't allow you to have one hand on the keyboard and one on the mouse with good posture, which I'm sure for the average user is a more common thing to do than entering long strings of numbers.
One of my first jobs involved assessing desktop users for ergonomic posture when using video display units (PCs). I get that a big keyboard could splay your arms out a bit at angles that aren't ergonomic but practically speaking that'd have to be a very big keyboard.

When someone moves from keyboard to mouse they should be moving from their elbow joint, to protect their wrists. If anything a numpad encourages this as your resting dominant hand position will be left of the numpad (if right handed, for left hand users this won't be true). So you can't bend your wrist to reach your mouse from that position, you have to move your whole arm - which is good.

VDU guidelines in the UK at least don't specify a bad angle for elbows, just wrist bending (up, down, and sideways) because it's not a common scope for elbows to be bending that far for common tasks at a desk. Certainly a full size keyboard and mouse don't push it that far.

So I don't see the ergonomic issue there. I'm sitting at a full size keyboard with my mouse in hand and my posture is just fine. I could even space them out more and be comfortable.

Obviously mileage varies, and subjectively maybe a smaller person might have a smaller desk footprint. I don't want to go as far as to disregard someone else's experience but it really does seem far fetched.

Nothing wrong with liking small keyboards for other reasons though, like vanity, neatness, tidying away easily, portability, not needing a numpad, etc.

I've a notion that gamers like the numpad? I'm sure someone will correct me if I'm wrong.

I once worked for a company making keyboard training software for bank data entry staff so I still use it if I have it (having become extremely fast using it) but I can't say I miss it when it's not there and as a 99% development user I prefer and own a mechanical keyboard without it.

Entering TOTP codes, bank accounts, spreadsheeting is much more convenient on a 3x3 grid than a row of numbers. It's also nice to have a +- button in the rightmost column.
At the very least, the numeric keyboard should be in the center, so the symmetry is not broken.
I reversed the numeric row of my keyboard layout so that the symbols are typed without the shift key and the numerals use the shift key. With that arrangement, a number pad is important for any meaningful numeric input.

But as a programmer, I can't stress enough how valuable it is to type symbols without constantly reaching for the shift key. "Programmer Dvorak" does this as well, but then you have to learn a new arrangement of symbols and deal with numerals that aren't in numerical order.

The old Italian keyboard (up to the early 80s) had shifted number over symbols. Can't remember if caps lock worked on numbers too.
You are not living in a bubble, you are a developer. It seems that we use the number row and people making a living with Excel use the number pad.

A friend of mine confirmed that were she works everybody use the number pad except developers. She can't understand why they are doing that. I think we don't type numbers much. The times of BASIC with mandatory line numbers are very very far away.

Prediction to test my theory: writers and journalists use the number row too.

Agree 100%. I actually tried to go without a numpad on a new keyboard. Couldn't make it a week before I returned it. Up to that point I didn't realize how much I used it on a daily basis.

I can't help but think how inefficient a programmer would be using the standard number keys. Reminds me of my dad hunting and pecking with his index finger.

> I can't help but think how inefficient a programmer would be using the standard number keys.

Why? I don't use the number keys that often for programming. Hell, my main job is more on the sysadmin side of things, so I'd expect to type numbers more frequently than a standard programmer (think IPs and such), yet I still don't miss the numpad, and I'm pretty sure it doesn't make lose any noticeable amout of time.

> There's a split between what people online post pics of on fancy desktop setups and what people prefer to use as their daily driver.

I've been using the HHKB for over a year now as my "daily driver" and I absolutely love it:

* I like the feeling of the keys, and also the compactness of the keyboard layout

* I like that it connects to both my work & personal laptops over bluetooth, and I can switch between them with a single key chord

* I like that I can carry the keyboard with me to the office, and that it was simple for me to take it with me on my recent trip to Australia, so I have my preferred keyboard feeling / layout wherever I go.

Before that I was using a Unicomp Model M as my "daily driver", and while I liked it, I don't really miss the extra keys.

I'm happy for you? Please don't think I was saying that nobody wants a small keyboard at home. I'm just saying that small keyboards get more attention because they look sleeker, and since they're a step from the default it catches people's attention more.

The vanity pic of a home desktop setup is one thing, what people use at home is another. That first context is dominated by small keyboards because it looks good for the pic. The second context is more about function, and whilst numpads are better for function I'm not going as far to say that they dominate - I don't know.

I'm just asking the OP to consider covering both options, as someone who prefers a numpad for its extra functionality. I'm not saying they should ditch the small model - I think it is great.

I would like a full keyboard that has the numeric keyboard on the left side.

That way, my mouse would be closer to the action.

I have no idea why this is not a common option.

I use the numeric keyboard only for a couple of games that use it to control the camera, and that's pretty much it.

Otherwise, the numeric keyboard just uses desktop space and causes my mouse to be further away from my hand, when typing.

This sounds smart. Even a modular one where you can relocate it could be interesting.

I don't notice the extra distance, but I think that's more to do with my desks being wide enough for it to not come up. Or maybe cos I'm lanky!

I'd definitely try out a left hand numpad given the option.

It would be nice if there was a standard for snap-on numpads, or even the cursor-plus-six-key-block-column, to be connected to either side of a keyboard.
I switched to keyboards without number pads about 20 years ago, when I realised that I had never used them and they were in the way of where the mouse should be. I've been able to touch-type numbers since I was in school, and I've never had to enter a long enough list of numbers that switching to the number pad was necessary.
> "There's a split between what people online post pics of on fancy desktop setups and what people prefer to use as their daily driver."

I see people use Mac and Windows laptop keyboards in professional capacity day in and day out without difficulty. Aside from that, separate USB numeric keypads are still available for those who really feel the need.

Frankly, I can't even recall anytime in the last decade I touched the numeric keypad even in environments where I had a 100% keyboard.

overwhelming support was for 100%+ keyboards

From your mouth to God's ear.

Love my MacBook, but for my purposes (writing code commercially for 30+ years), the bigger the keyboard, the better. Especially once it's fully configured with macros.

If the keyboard enthusiast community ever brings back reasonably-priced keyboard with the second row of function keys that are easily programmable, I'll buy one. 3270's were awesome.

IMHO, the numeric keyboard is bad for ergonomics because I have to move the mouse to the far right, at a very uncomfortable angle. And I already have numbers close to the home row anyway.

I guess for data entry or numeric-intense jobs it does make sense, but not for the rest of us.

I've done product research on this when I was considering doing a project like this keyboard, and the results were very conclusive: 100% keyboards are pretty niche. The audience for that project, like this one, was basically high end consumers. The majority of respondents used a laptop keyboard most of the time. For those who had an external keyboard, 100% was behind 60%, 65%, and TKL. A very large portion of those who said they had a 100% noted that they don't use their numpad in a followup question. Obviously my sample probably had some biases toward keyboard enthusiasts, but that's the target audience for this sort of thing! If you went true general public I think you'd find that an overwhelming majority just use a laptop keyboard, or whatever their company gave them without caring about layout.

My take? 100%s are absolutely crucial for a very small slice of people. They are made to seem more popular than they are because they are the "safest" layout. Someone who needs a 100% can't use a 60%. Someone who prefers 60% can totally use a 100%. So companies make/give out 100%s, and they end up getting used a lot because of that.

I'm full time remote and I use my 35% (or whatever) minimal keyboard every day. I can throw it in my bag, go around the house, neighborhood, world and have a decent set of keys.

Not like there aren't a lot of "Instagram keyboards" out there but a smaller keyboard leaves more room on the desk for snacks.

Mostly agree (I don't like reducing keys movement like 50% keyboard) but a counterpoint: I never want a tenkey on the right of the keyboard. It makes my mouse (trackball) located far away. Even if I need to type much numbers, I'll put dedicated tenkey on the left of the keyboard (or the center of the split keyboard). For who really want a tenkey, I wonder what's wrong with dedicated USB tenkey.
This looks super cool.

1) Do you have an estimate for cost and date it will ship?

2) What's the deal with the rotary encoder? How will it be used by default? How will we remap it, etc.?

Edit:

3) I would really like to have Home, Insert, and End keys. I'm not sure that's worth a change in the keyboard layout, but consider this: having three or four assignable keys. You can sell keycaps for them.

4) I would use this because I carry around a lot of stuff. Either having a low-profile keycap for the rotary encoder, or having some way to easily take it off or collapse it down would be really helpful.

Is it possible to remove the 'rotary encoder'?

As someone who often carries his keyboard around in a backpack, I think this part can break very easily.

I concur, as the keyboard spun over I was like wow, that's an amazing travel mechanical keyboard, then the encoder stopped that idea. It is a remarkable looking device though, I really appreciate the care put into it's design. I feel like the most enthusiastic market for that kind of slim design is definitely portable users, so perhaps there's an easy way to have two models by making the encoder optional.

My only other hopefully constructive criticism is without feet to raise the angle, some people might find it uncomfortable. However it's possible that being so slim and low actually makes the tilt angle less of an issue, I'm not sure!

It could just ship with two different tops, one tactile like shown, and one low and flat?
I hadn't considered that but you raise a good point. I'll look into it.
I think the rotary knob is cool, despite not having a use for it myself at the moment (I could probably think of one). Is it possible to just reduce the height? Maybe make the knob interchangeable?
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What's the purpose of the rotary encoder?

On a laptop the number pad is deadly because the screen and the keyboard are fused together and to have the touchpad / spacebar aligned with the axis of the body all the laptop is shifted to the right.

On desktops I seldomly use the number pad but as I can shift the keyboard to the right so I have no problem buying keyboards with it. Unfortunately it moves the mouse further away and makes it more uncomfortable (timewise) to use.

If I'll ever use a desktop full time again I'll buy a USB touchpad and keep it where it rests on a laptop and use the mouse for games, not every year.

> What's the purpose of the rotary encoder?

Presumably thats configurable, but people usually use it for volume control which is quite nice to have

My Logitech G710 was the first that had such a volume control, but when it died last year I decided having a similar volume control was a must for any replacement candidate. Having it be remappable is a very nice bonus in my view.
>What's the purpose of the rotary encoder?

The ZMK firmware allows you to assign or map a wide range of keys and functions to it. The inclusion of an EC11 encoder has become a go-to trend, especially in the keyboard building community, and adopted by the established players. However, it is mostly a bit of novelty and redundant after a while and probably only gets used for the obvious media controls.

>I'll buy a USB touchpad and keep it where it rests on a laptop

You can acquire macropads in a plethora of configurations, from a single key to matrix of keys, only limited by the choice of MCU. All built using either traditional [key]switches and/or mix of encoders. The popular firmwares (QMK, KMK or ZMK) allow you to map the afore-mentioned, so you can choose to enter long IP addresses, purpose it for macros e.g Illustrator, Premiere, Blender, Ableton, Autodesk, Eagle etc., or just use it for regular cut-n-paste type jobs via the use of layers.

Why are the numbers so huge?

Very pretty otherwise, but no numpad = no interest here.

numpad = no interest here :)
That looks gorgeous. Amazing work.
no trackpoint. next.
nor trackball.
also not available in metallic pink.
For these reasons there are gazillions of different keyboards on the market. My fave: cheapest one I can get :-)
Very pretty. I'm tempted.

Will it work properly on Linux via bluetooth? E.g. I have a very nice mechanical keyboard from Keychron but over bluetooth it does something weird so that a hack [1] to use it in Mac mode is necessary and some key combos still don't work right for me.

On a similar note, if its firmware needs an update will I be able to do that from Linux?

It's a hard life being a Windows/Mac hater :D

[1] https://gist.github.com/andrebrait/961cefe730f4a2c41f57911e6...

> but over bluetooth it does something weird so that a hack [1] to use it in Mac mode is necessary and some key combos still don't work right for me.

I have one too and it does it over USB as well. Though keyboard shortcuts work fine for me, USB or not.

Which Keychron is that? I have a K2 which works well for me in "mac mode", both wired and USB.

The only gripe I have with it is that the Fn key is "fake", as in it doesn't send any signal by itself, so it can't be remapped.

I have a K2 as well. I set it in Windows/Android mode to use with my Linux box (Mac just changes the modifier keys afaict). The F-keys default to the FN row, not the F1-12. You can change that with a command I completely forgot and just copied once to a startup script.
> The F-keys default to the FN row, not the F1-12. You can change that with a command I completely forgot and just copied once to a startup script.

    > cat /etc/modprobe.d/hid_apple.conf
    options hid_apple fnmode=0
I think this has recently (Linux v5.19) changed to have F1-F12 by default.
I just looked in my startup and this is what I have:

    echo 0 | doas tee /sys/module/hid_apple/parameters/fnmode
But it's good to know where the permanent configuration lives, thanks!
I am the person who designed the PCB for the current prototype. It's running the open source ZMK firmware, and that one works flawlessly on Linux. I had a prototype connected to my notebook (T450s, Intel AC9260 wifi chip, Arch Linux) already and did not encounter any issues, and since it's open source and all configs are public, adapting the keymap to your needs and maybe get rid of some mac-specific things wouldn't be a problem.

In fact we are considering a software toggle (e.g. FN + ESC or maybe more complicated to avoid accidentally toggling it) that has a "Win/Linux" and "macOS" mode, but I didn't get around testing that yet.

I had a similar problem with the Tecurs KB510 I got at work. The only way I found to type F1-F12 keys on Linux was to set up a hack with kbct [0] and the Super key... until I tried the configuration described in the gist you linked. Thanks a lot for that !

[0] https://github.com/samvel1024/kbct

This looks beautiful, but personally I'd like a full sized keyboard with a numeric keypad, and the usual complement of Home, Insert, PgDown, PgUp etc.

Also, what is pricing like?

Very impressive. Due to my work at the moment, the sight of the CE mark gave me an instant headache though.
Why?
Going through compliance at the moment. It's a lot for a high voltage medical device, headache inducing even.
Very nice, i do like the format. Would definitely try, to see how the switches feel.

I do use a TypeMatrix2030, if you need some more inspirations.

Is it inspired by TE OP-1? Looks really nice :)
Looks awesome. Hope the rotary encoder is removable as it feels like that would defeat the purpose of a low profile keyboard that I can throw into my backpack when I'm on the move.
Make it removable and make a little cubby at the back for it to clip into so it doesn't stick out or get lost.
I would love to get a similar keyboard but with a trackball instead of a rotary device and a couple of side buttons next to it.

The design of Enermax Aurora Micro Wireless rocks, I used it for 10+ years, although its trackball is of abysmal quality.

The typography is hideous.
Quote from the HN guidelines:

> Please don't post shallow dismissals, especially of other people's work

I think it looks beautiful, but have to echo the comments about not having the home, end, pgup, pgdown + numpad keys making it impractical. Would 100% get this if it had a full sized version.
I believe it is mac-inspired, where cmd/alt+arrow are usually used for that.

But overall, yeah, people split around mac/60, tkl and full. No idea why keyboard makers tend to fix on only one of them. Budget reasons - yeah, but isn’t it strange to cut off large parts of potential customers.

I feel like those comments about layout are misplaced. It’s like saying “nice motorcycle you designed, but really I need a cargo van.”
I agree on the numpad. I do bioinformatics/data science work that sometimes involves some manual spreadsheet surfing and definitely use the numpad. A lot of numerical identifiers for genes that you end up incidentally memorizing after a while, and want to ctrl/cmd-F for.
I was literally just looking this morning for a travel-size mechanical keyboard to go with a Surface. Trying not to buy a ThinkPad X1 tablet.

Found the Nuphy Air75, which is a few grams lighter but not as design-y. Clearly there must be some new, low-profile key switches hitting the market making these thin keyboards a possibility.

Anyone recommend a wrist rest?

Looks great! has a real teenage engineering aesthetic about it.

Do you have any photographs of the real thing?

No prototype photographs yet... but soon!
congrats, can't wait when this ships as you'd have pretty much the only mechanical keyboard that follows the macbook keyboard layout on 4 keys left from space and prob would be instant sell to every mackbook owner who likes mechanical keyboards.

the rotary button has no value imho but I can just break this off for the sake of being constant with the mackbook keyboard layout :) cause you know muscle memory

Everyone is different, but personally I won’t buy a keyboard without separate Delete and Backspace keys, without Home/End/PgUp/PgDn/Insert keys, and without a dedicated Menu key [0], for any kind of serious work.

I’d also imagine that one is prone to bump into the rotary knob if one is not fully conditioned to that keyboard.

I applaud the T-shaped cursor block and the full-sized function keys, although it would be useful to color the function keys differently in groups of four (cf. the standard PC layout).

I’d also rather do without an Fn key, as it messes up muscle memory from regular desktop keyboards.

I like the idea of using different key shapes for the number row and the cursor keys for tactile recognition, although I’d have to try it to see if those shapes are any good for actual typing. I feel that slightly concave keycaps will always be the best.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menu_key

That's a standard compact Mac layout, so muscle memory will work fine for Mac users. Maybe Fn is elsewhere for the PC one, but I detect a tiny bias in the website.

Whilst I always used a full keyboard with a PC, for the reasons you give, the Mac has practically all of those things mapped to cursors + meta keys so your hands don't need to move from the normal typing position. I now see the extended bit of the full keyboard as dead space that makes me reach further to get to mouse/trackpad. But as you say, everyone is different.

A lot of Mac users are going to be pretty used to TouchID by now, unfortunately

I wonder if that could be partially mitigated through the use of a dedicated space for a YubiKey

Right. I use a left-handed mouse due to RSI, so 100% keyboards are not a problem for me, and moving my hands around a bit rather than using chords also helps with the RSI. It also reduces the complexity of chords when using keyboard shortcuts like Ctrl+Shift+PgUp, or NumPad-specific keyboard shortcuts (like Ctrl+NumPad-“+” to auto-fit columns in grid views, or Ctrl+NumPad-“*” to expand all subfolders), which I do a lot.
Everyone is different, but when I got my first 60 percent keyboard, I started using the SpaceFN layout through the TouchCursor tool on Windows and now I can't live without it anymore, even on full size keyboards.
> Everyone is different, but personally I won’t buy a keyboard without separate Delete and Backspace keys, without Home/End/PgUp/PgDn/Insert keys, and without a dedicated Menu key [0], for any kind of serious work.

I've been using the HHKB keyboard [1] for over a year now, and I absolutely love it. You simply have to re-map your muscle memory for "PgUp" to be a chord (involving the function key naturally). I'd argue it's probably faster as a whole, because your hand has less distance to travel.

> I’d also rather do without an Fn key, as it messes up muscle memory from regular desktop keyboards.

I haven't had a problem switching between the HHKB and other keyboards; but in any case, the portability and the fact that it can have multiple connections means you can just use the same keyboard everywhere.

[1] https://www.hhkeyboard.com/uk/products/hybrid-type-s

Edited to add the reference

I’ve used the HHKB for a while in the late 90’s, but in the end it wasn’t for me. Chords tend to trigger my RSI, and a reduced need for chords just means better ergonomics to me.
Something I've been actively working on is chording with two hands.

For an example, I noticed that I habitually type & with only my right hand, twisting my wrist to press shift and 7 at the same time, which is awkward and painful if I do it too often.

The solution being to use the left pinky for the shift key and the right middle for the 7/&.

I agree the less chords the better, but for what's left, making sure chords are either ergonomic by themselves, or two handed, is a good way to keep typing for longer with less injury.

I’m trying to do that as well. I’ve been thinking that it would be nice to have some software that would disable specific chords when you use the “wrong-sided” modifier key for it, in order to train yourself to use the right one.
I couldn't figure out how to do this with QMK, I had the same thought as you.

Ok, more accurately I figured out that it would involve writing nontrivial amounts of C, and I gave up. You can do anything with QMK if you're determined.

> and without a dedicated Menu key [0], for any kind of serious work.

I'll bite; how useful is the Menu key really? Is there something in your workflow that is benefitted by having it? Totally agree with Home/End/Insert/Delete being required on any keyboard I use.

It has saved me many times when the mouse failed. Especially in RDP sessions where the cursor sometimes develops an offset, ie click location is suddenly a fixed number of pixels away from the cursor tip, making it incredibly difficult to click on things.

I also use it every now and then to change things up when I feel the RSI sneaking.

I use it all the time in IDEs, File Explorer, Word/Excel/Outlook, basically everywhere there are context menus based on keyboard focus. It reduces the need to use the mouse, in particular for functions that are only available via the context menu and not via a main menu. It can also be quicker because you just press Menu followed by a letter key to invoke the function, and it’s easier on the hands because no modifier keys are involved.
It puts an extra key in that area, giving me one more candidate to use as Compose. (Of four laptop designs, I think I’ve used RMenu as Compose on two of them, and RAlt on the other two, which I think have RMenu as Fn+RAlt or Fn+RCtrl, one each. It depends on the positioning of Space to a considerable extent.)

While on the topic of what keys are on the keyboard and while thinking of Fn keys, I really, really, really wish that keyboards would give a key code for Fn+___ for each and every non-modifier key. It’s absurd that such a simple opportunity for good macro-capability is discarded, and you can only use Fn with the few keys (on laptops, commonly around 16–20) the manufacturer deigned to hook up (e.g. Fn+F1 as XF86AudioMute, Fn+F7 as XF86BrightnessUp, Fn+Space as PrintScreen, Fn+Left as Home, that kind of thing) and the rest are just swallowed in the keyboard firmware. How is it that as far as I can tell no one has done such an obvious and obviously useful thing?

Yea, it seems like this footprint could accommodate a 75% design. The big one is the Del key, it's quite inconvenient to have to use a key combo for such a common action. But if the design allows swapping the rotary knob for a Del key then it would be acceptable.
I very much enjoyed the [Vortex Race 3] which is 75% with all the F-keys and the home/delete/pg key cluster in a line down the right. It works really well and lets you switch between Mac/Windows button order for the CMD/Windows/ctrl buttons in the bottom left through a keyboard shortcut if I remember correctly. It comes with both colourful _and_ grey keys for the clusters! A really handsome and well thought-out keyboard if you want something nice without getting sucked into the keyboard modding rabbit-hole.

Unfortunately a friend spilled coffee on mine, and it's hard to justify buying another one at >£100. And it's often out of stock whenever I do manage to justify it to myself!

[Vortex Race 3]: https://spotonpccases.co.uk/product/vortex-race-3-mechanical...

I have been using this keyboard since 2018. I have giant hands and somehow it works really well. I barely have to move my hands at all.
There's a lot of wasted space on the right side of this keyboard where they could have easily put the Del/PgUp/PgDn keys right there. I don't know why they didn't.
I suspect they need that space to house the internal electronics like the keyboard controller.
You are correct! There was not enough space below the keys due to the device's low profile. So the right hand area houses the MCU, USB C port, battery, as well as the 2 slide switches and button that poke out the side of the case.
Judging from the USB-C at the top and other tact/slide switches on the side, my guess is that the MCU and a prismatic battery of sorts (500mAh Li-ion?) occupies that space. A low profile design will always have some tradeoffs; perhaps an oled in that space is possible with a cutout for a badge.
Yep, everyone is different indeed. I've been using 30% keyboards (30, 33 or 36 keys) for 3+ years now. I used 40's for around 2 years before that. Now I can't stand any keyboard that requires my hands to move from the home position. Also being able to carry my keyboard to anywhere is a big plus for me.
I can tolerate having extra keys that I can't use.

But I do strongly prefer having 2-3 keys for each thumb to use, rather than just having 1 big spacebar.

I have 3 keys per thumb in my current keyboard. And the rest is 3 rows to 5 columns per hand.
This.

The traditional keyboard standard may not be perfect but it used to be standard. I had muscle memory that served me. Now my client laptop, employer laptop, personal laptop, home gaming/photo desktop, media computer, etc all want to have wildly different, completely unique layouts, usually with massive compromises. "you just have to get used to it" assumes I'll have a single keyboard for prolonged period of time but that is simply not the case for me. I need the dedicated home/insert/pgup/pgdwn block because I use it every minute. I need function keys in easy blocks of four so I don't hunt for f5 or f9. Layout should be a solved problem, or let's work on making a better layout standard, but each keyboard having its own layout is a personal nightmare.

The only thing that my next keyboard probably won't have is the numpad, because I don't use it, and having the mouse closer to my right hand would be a welcome convenience.

Other than that, a couple more keys, like for example a Hyper key or a higher-level Shift would be very welcome.

I disagree. I've switched primary keyboards many times: from cheap pc keyboards to standard apple keyboards, to minimal mechanical, and now the advantage. I also routinely use a windows workspace from a linux host which totally throws off my keybindings.

One thing I think helps: I've had blank keycaps for the better part of the last decade. There's at least no visual cue saying this key does that thing.

And now, I switch between my primary advantage layout to laptop keyboards (I have a few) all the time. I think all the switching between layouts just makes you better at whatever. I'm a pretty fast typer wherever I end up and getting used to a new environment is kindof fun.

I would totally buy this keyboard if i was still using a standardish layout. I love the advantage so much i can never go back.

I mean, indeed, we are free to disagree when it comes to personal preferences. One of my keyboards is Das Keyboard with blank key caps too. But I would've used that to booster my claim, not yours - I can use that blank keyboard specifically because it's standard and same as my other keyboards:-). I spent hard earned cash on the t25 ThinkPad so I could enjoy a few more years of good keyboard before I have to switch to some modern laptop atrocity.

If you are switching truly different layouts daily, are fully efficient and have instant muscle memory with all, and never lose a moment consciously or subconsciously looking for a key, absolutely more power to you. I do not work like that. Having to hunt for Home key when I want to hit control-home drives me bonkers. Not having space between f4 and f5 is as silly as red turning lights - strictly worse for no actual benefit. Half height laptop up and down arrows are abomination upon IT Gods. And yes I've been a grouchy old man since I was a teenager :->

> ... without Home/End/PgUp/PgDn/Insert keys ...

My laptop has Home/End/PgUp/PgDn as the Fn function on the Arrow keys, and its actually really good. So good I've actually setup other machines with the same shortcuts wherever I can.

Yeah, I use Home/End/PgUo/PgDn constantly, so much that having to use any modifier for it is just not acceptable to me. A secondary factor is that there are often keyboard shortcuts that combine Home/End/PgUp/PgDn with (combinations of) Shift/Ctrl/Alt, so having to add another modifier to those just makes it really inconvenient.

There is a sweet spot of the number of keys available for use without modifier keys, and that sweet spot may be different for everyone, but it is closer to 100 for me.

Having Home/End/PgUp/PgDn bound to the Fn key is much more convenient for me, though.

After all, you already do all other cursor manipulation with a combination of the arrow keys and Ctrl/Alt/Shift. From a muscle memory perspective, having the 'beginning/end of line' and 'previous/next page' actions as just another modifier is much more natural than having to use an entirely separate set of keys for this.

I use a 84 keyboard. It is basically a laptop keyboard layout and it works great for me. It has del, backspace, esc and 4 arrows. It shares the function keys with media keys but I have it using function keys as its default and works great as a layout. I don't know why it just isn't the most popular layout.
> I’d also rather do without an Fn key, as it messes up muscle memory from regular desktop keyboards.

As someone who recently switched to an Ortholinear layout, it's not nearly as bad as you think. I got messed up when switching back to a standard layout for the first maybe week or so. After that I can switch between either layout with absolutely no problem. While you may be different, you're probably underselling your own muscle memory.

> I won’t buy a keyboard without separate Delete and Backspace keys, without Home/End/PgUp/PgDn/Insert keys, and without a dedicated Menu key [0], for any kind of serious work.

This probably depends on the work you do. I've found myself using those keys all more often and faster when I bind them to alpha keys with a modifier. As someone who types all day in VIM, I can bind Home/End/Pgup/PgDn/etc. to keys that have analogous functions (i/a/u/d respectively), which has been great for me.

The dedicated keyboard menu key stopped working in Gmail about 6 months ago. Has anyone figured out how to get it to work again?
As someone with decades of full-size keyboard use and corresponding muscle memory, I moved recently to a 60% keyboard.

Initially I experienced some difficulty getting used to the lack of cursor keys, delete, escape. But with a short bit of time (couple months) I find I don't miss them anymore, and in fact appreciate the closer vicinity of these keys now.

However, the key thing is good layers, and buttons that can access them. The left half of my space bar gets to my main layer.

It's so good that I now find it annoying to move my hand to get to the cursor keys.

60% also means the mouse is a lot closer for me.

I don't get the appeal of low profile, and these days I think I'd want a split.

Looks great and I'll keep my eyes peeled for when you launch. Rotary encoder is an interesting idea. (Presumably reporting a key-press for each click left and right?)

I know you're only at prototype stage, but visually I'd say the giant numbers are a bit jarring, and having some but not all of the Fxx labels displaced from centre on the function keys depending on whether there's a symbol there too looks a bit strange.

Another example: the :/; key looks visually sensible because they nicely balanced and compatible sizes. The +/= key looks super strange because = is HUGE and + is tiny.
Very nice.

You'll have a hard time pitching this to some "hard core keyboardists", but don't forget that this keyboard is for you, not for them. If you don't want an ergonomic layout, or split and tenting, or an ANSII enter key, or Cherry keys, then so be it. This looks like a great project and a very good implementation.

This is excellent, my feedback:

- The numbers are too large, they break the consistency of typography.

- The rotary encoder sticks out too much. Rotate & move to the end of the enclosure, and mostly occlude it, like a mouse scroll wheel?

- I would prefer Page Up/Down and numpad.

Got a MX Keys keyboard from Logitech and, for better or for worse, it's been so good that it set a standard for me regarding keyboards.

While I was considering it saw some other Logitech keyboards that had a knob for volume control/etcetera, which I feel like it would be a much more sane approach regarding the low profile aspect than this 'rotary encoder' thing. Also, as someone said, some lateral buttons would've been awesome.

I like this design (though I feel like the typography choice was terribly unfortunate) and I can see the appeal for the low profile. But also agree that home/end/pgup/pgdown keys are a must.

Though for some reason when I tried the Bluetooth connection with the Mx keys it had a noticeable lag for each key press, versus the instant response with the propietary wireless connection with the dongle. However the usb-c alternative connection with this one seems like it's a great thing to have.

With ZMK firmware (that's what this board is running) latency can be seriously low in my experience - but it heavily depends on signal strength and BT chipset of the PC. My desktop has an older intel WiFi card with antennas behind the metal case, and latency is annoying. My notebook uses a ~5 years old intel wifi card, and I did not notice any delay even when playing stuff like CSGO. Probably still too slow for rythm games like osu!, but not noticeable for typing/coding/fps in my experience.

USB Bluetooth dongles fluctuate a lot too, I think it depends on the chipset used (and it's software stack).