Lenovo Coil Whine – Is it fixable? Or is it a reason to stay away from Lenovo?

28 points by Timja ↗ HN
I recently bought a Lenovo X1 Carbon. It makes an annoying high pitched sound. At first I thought it would be the fans and it will go away when I configure the dynamic fan speed.

But it turns out it is "Coil Whine" and that is common among Lenovo laptops:

https://www.google.com/search?q=coil+whine+lenovo

I cannot find any info on how to get rid of it.

So I will try to return the laptop. If I can't return it (Already removed Windows and replaced it with Linux), it would be a 100% wasted investment.

Since I otherwise liked it, I wonder what replacement to buy.

Are any Lenovo models safe from Coil Whine?

70 comments

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The AMD based Thinkpad E series we have here don't have any coilwhine. I'm also very sensitive to it.
Unfortunatley, the E series is way too heavy for my liking. At over 3.5 pounds, they are 50% more heavy than the X1.
No coil wine on my XPS 13 Ubuntu Edition. The only down side is that new Dell laptops don't support real sleep mode, so you'll open your laptop after a weekend with only 60% battery left.
Which model of XPS 13? There have been so many different ones over the years.

And what is real sleep mode? Suspend to disk?

Sleep state S3, where the memory is still powered, but other chips including the CPU are not. This is the classic sleep state.

These days we have "modern standby" instead, which keeps all things powered somewhat to allow for a quick wakeup by notifications for example. Just like your mobile phone. In theory, at least.

What? This is disastrous!

How do I check (from Linux) if the laptop can go into suspend to memory or not?

Might mention ACPI state options in dmesg early on during boot, or you could probably poke at some ACPI diagnostics/options to see the capabilities.

I think `cat /sys/power/mem_sleep` should tell you the desired modes; the active mode is selected and iirc changing one is done by writing the name of an option into the file. There are some related files next to `mem_sleep` in `/sys/power/`.

If you are very lucky, you have an option in the BIOS to enable S3 sleep state.

If you are moderately lucky, you may not have this _yet_, but you get it with a BIOS update.

But even if you have it, Linux might be hit and miss - sometimes it works, sometimes not, usually crippling some device like the touchpad after a wake-up.

You can try `cat /sys/power/mem_sleep` to see what states you have available. "deep" is what you want. "s2idle" and "shallow" are the ones that are just "low-power".

EDIT: actually, after a bit of web browsing it turns out that Intel 11th gen and above do not have S3 support anymore. So don't wait for BIOS support, it won't happen...

Yeah, only s2 here.

Would switching to an AMD laptop fix it?

Strange, that KDE still writes "Suspend to RAM" under the "Sleept" button when it cannot do that.

The 2022 model. By real sleep mode, I mean suspend-to-RAM, or S3. A few years ago, Microsoft declared that they will no longer support sleep mode, and will just call S0 mode "Modern standby" so they can keep doing telemetry nonsense 24/7 when people think their laptop is asleep. Dell saw this and decided that they don't need to support S3 mode in the BIOS any more because they don't want to put in the effort just for Linux users.

https://martinpoehlmann.com/posts/tech/2021-07-30-dell-s3-mo...

https://libreddit.privacydev.net/r/Dell/comments/h0r56s/gett...

Crazy. I have my laptop in "Suspend to Ram" all the time when I don't use it.

And I don't want it to be able to wake up from this or do anything unless I press a button.

>Suspend to disk?

Not even that. Suspend to RAM is gone. It was perfectly fine, until someone had this great idea that PCs should behave like cellphones: just turn the screen off, meanwhile stay awake and connected. Hopefully it means doing the minimum necessary to receive and notify emails, but in practice this means the laptop will decide it's time to run the antivirus scan, do your scheduled backup and perform all kinds of maintenance right when your laptop is in your backpack and you're on your way to work. Microsoft calls it Modern Standby. I think there's also a degree of pushing on the manufacturers' side, as it's not purely an OS thing: sleep states must be enabled at the BIOS level for the OS to use them. Lenovo allows enabling the "legacy" sleep state, Dell does not.

See the previous shitstorm here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28646776

As far as I know, it's still no less of an issue to this day.

I believe with dell, coil whine is somewhat of a lottery. I have it bad on the XPS15. Some people don't have it and they are lucky.
Which model exactly do you have?

Specifically which CPU/RAM and display option?

I've just got a new X1 Carbon Gen10 with i7-1260P/32GB/WWAN/OLED screen, and it's one of the quietest laptop I ever used.

I did heard sometimes coil whine on my old Gen4 X1 Carbon, but not that it was super annoying.

I initially was spooked by the reports that 12gen Intel processors are not a good fit for an ultra-portable and may overheat and be too noisy, but that's not the case.

Did you had the same problem under Windows? Maybe it's some Linux-related problem?

In my case the only problems so far that webcam (that comes with OLED screen) and Fibocom modem are not yet supported under Linux ...

Mine is Gen9. I could go for Gen10, but that would be a good bit more expensive, and I don't need the additional performance. I think I'd rather go for a Dell XPS then, which would be like one third of the price.

It is not Linux related, the sound is the same before I even booted Linux and go into the Bios settings for example. If you check the Google link in my post, you can see that it is a common problem with Lenovo.

I found this page that says applying superglue to the right component might fix it:

https://www.techpowerup.com/forums/threads/how-to-quickly-ea...

But I'm not sure if I want to do that to a laptop I just bought. Success seems kinda uncertain, but it certainly voids any right to return it.

Don't do that. That's a good way to turn an annoyance into a very expensive failure to fix (and, of course, no warranty anymore).

Superglue or epoxy on an inductor is going to prevent the inductor from having sufficient cooling. As these are usually power converter inductors for various power supplies on the motherboard (GPU, CPU, etc.), they can get fairly warm. If you put superglue on it, it could overheat and literally melt ...

If the whine is a problem, you could try to have the laptop replaced but I wouldn't have much hope with that - it is working as intended (as designed ...).

Maybe a piece of https://duckduckgo.com/q=thermal+interface+pad could do instead? They come in various thickness.

Depending on where the coils are located, and if they are in some sort of airstream or not, I'd try that. But only in one piece, not several layered above each other.

Could result in dampening the whine, or eliminating it altogether, and better cooling. By pressing on the coil on one side, and some part of the inner casing on the other.

Not OP, but I have coil whine and crackle with the x1 Carbon Gen 9. So maybe they fixed it with the Gen 10, after ignoring every complaint on the forums about the Gen 9 of course.
In my thinkpad T440p CPU whines, but only when it's in lowest power saving state. I can only hear it when I turn side ways to it, but it honestly doesn't bother me much, since lowest power saving states are quite rare to enter during any kind of work on laptop.
I had coil whine with Dell laptops and the decision is: never again. To save fractions of cents on components only to annoy the person that has dropped a few thousand euros on their main tool. Just drives me nuts.

These days I have a nuc in an Akasa case to make it completely silent for my Linux desktop and an MBP for the road, I wish there was a good linux story for the laptop but I've just given up. It really is a shame as the tiling-wm story on macos is unusable.

You mean "Disable CPU Power Management in BIOS"?

I tried that. Not sure if it made any change at all. The noise is still too much to make the laptop useful.

Strangely, putting the laptop under load makes the coil whine go away. So it might be related to CPU power management somehow.

The fan speed that is also mentioned does not seem to have any role in this. The noise happens no matter if the fans run or not.

> putting the laptop under load makes the coil whine go away

Probably be sub-harmonic oscillation. Under light loads the control loop can 'hunt' at a much lower frequency then the loop frequency. Combine that with an unlucky inductor and you get a high pitched whine.

It's an annoying problem because in susceptible designs it'll show up in a small percentage of some but not all production lots.

Take your laptop back.

> Strangely, putting the laptop under load makes the coil whine go away

When the load is low, a switching regulator can enter "discontinuous conduction" mode, where the inductor current periodically drops to zero. This is typically noisier than continuous conduction mode, where current is mostly constant with a small sawtooth ripple.

I fairly recently bought a fanless Shuttle barebone with a modern Intel CPU, that produced unbearable coil whine. It too became silent when kept busy. What solved it was disabling C-states and P-states.
Hard to say how much it depends on a given model, and how frequent the problem is. On a Lenovo Yoga 7 Gen 7 AMD, I hand't any issue.
I’ve never heard coil whine on my P1 but it would have to be pretty loud to be heard over the fans.
Any laptop can be affected by this, it is not related to Lenovo, or Dell, or any manufacturer. It is not even confined to laptops, or computers - for example, I have an old Panasonic plasma TV that has terrible coil whine when displaying bright screens... Maybe your odds are different with various series etc, but it is hard to tell. Maybe your specific unit is defective, and you can exchange it for another one (you can always just reinstall Windows these days, the license is stored in the BIOS).
I mean sure, but some laptops are more susceptible than others. Lenovo's are notorious for this. My M1 MacBook Air will probably not have coil whine since it doesn't even have any moving parts.
Coil whine does not require any moving parts. I mean yeah, they're moving in the sense that they're vibrating, but it can happen even without fans or spindles.
Sort of. Supply chain shenanigans are causing lots of weird issues.

Dell batteries for example are trash, much higher failure rates.

Oh, Mac laptops used to do this, way back in the days of the polycarbonate MacBooks. Could be very annoying. It became less of an issue, even disappearing completely(?), once they moved to the aluminium bodies.
I don't think it was particularly related to the aluminium bodies, as much as general quality. I remember it being a thing on iBooks and on contemporary Powerbooks, but at some point early in the Intel era it seems to have gone away and not returned.
Good luck with returning!

I would like to read an explanation from professional electric engineer about how this sound may be fixed if it occurs on my device.

If it is truly a "coil whine" and not something else (case resonance, fan bearing whine, high pitched noise from the speakers, etc.), then you can't fix it.

The noise is caused by one of the many inductors in the various power supplies (DC-DC converters) used in the machine mechanically vibrating at an audible frequency due to magnetostriction. This happens because of the power converter running at too low frequency - or hitting some kind of mechanical resonance mode that amplifies the otherwise inaudible noise. BTW, even ceramic capacitors can whine due to piezoelectric effect.

In a desktop machine you could replace the offending part (GPU, power supply, motherboard, etc.) for a different model but in a laptop you don't have choice as everything is soldered into the motherboard.

Even desoldering the offending inductor and replacing it usually won't solve the problem because it is due to the circuit design/properties themselves and not the inductor itself. So a new one will have the same issue - the whining inductor isn't defective!

I wouldn't recommend adding any sort of sound dampening because in a laptop this is very likely to compromise the already poor cooling. You will likely only make the otherwise benign (albeit annoying if you can hear it) problem into a very expensive to fix failure due to something overheating.

If you have a laptop with this issue and the noise bothers you, then replacing the laptop is your only realistic option, really. Or wait until you get older and will naturally lose the ability to hear higher frequencies (past 40 years of age you will be hard pressed to hear anything above 15kHz anymore ...).

Either way, before attempting any sort of remediation, do make sure the noise is actually a "coil whine" and not e.g. the speakers emitting it because of some unused mixer input that is set to high gain and is picking up and amplifying internal machine noise.

And yeah, good luck with trying to return a machine for this reason - the computer is not defective, this is a normal behavior (in the sense it works as designed). So it is unlikely the seller will recognize it as a warranty issue of any sort.

I had an XPS 13 where the coil whine was tied to SSD activity. I actually liked it as I was used to hearing some noise from the old-fashioned hard disk during read/write, and it was easy to tell if something is actually happening while there is no other visible or audible activity. YMMV :)
I think you’re whining about not getting something you were never promised.
I mean, it's a reasonable question to ask? Some people find it irritating and would prefer to use computers which don't do it. I wouldn't personally buy a laptop which did it.
I wonder if some cases can't be fixed by some epoxy..
Epoxy?

I have read that opening the laptop and putting superglue on the right parts might reduce the noise.

Yeah, do that and you may cause the power converter to overheat and die because the superglued inductor may not get enough airflow over it anymore.

These wonderful "fixes" (along with people "reflowing" stuff using heat guns) are a great way how to turn an annoyance into an expensive to fix failure.

Heat dissipation in an inductor should be small - if it's significant the Q of whatever power converter its in will be bad.
This is the correct answer; or hot glue if you want a more reversible solution. Might be a little tricky to identify the whining component. Perhaps a mobile app dB meter waved around will pinpoint it.
Would superglue also work?
I would assume so, and some googling reports success with this. You just need a small amount, enough to wick inside the coils themselves and lock them in position.
A little update:

This makes the noise even louder:

    echo performance | tee /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-9]*/cpufreq/scaling_governor
This brings it back to the original, already too annoying, level:

    echo powersave | tee /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-9]*/cpufreq/scaling_governor
So it seems somehow related to the CPUs.
If that makes a difference you can also try to fiddle with min/max cpu frequencies.

I use powersave capping the max freq unless I have something big to compile etc (just to help make sure the fans won't kick in, in my case, but it might help)

Just write whatever frequency you want to /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-9]*/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq and scaling_min_freq

The lower I set scaling_max_freq, the lower is the noise.

The lowest I can set it to seems to be 40000. I can still hear noise, depending on what the laptop does.

As simple command to create noise is:

    while true; do echo -n $RANDOM; done
It makes noise even when the terminal is not visible.

I guess I would lose about 90% of performance if I permantently set scaling_max_freq to 40000?

Yes, in theory the CPU would be forbidden to run at higher frequencies, so I'm not sure how viable 40MHz would be! I'm actually impressed you can go this low (limits are written in cpuinfo_min_freq and cpuinfo_max_freq in the same directory), my old cpu min is 400MHz. At this frequency stuff like firefox really start to struggle, I've never kept it that low for long.

I normally scale down to about 1GHz without much visible performance impact except for compiling, and that is enough for fan to not kick in randomly everytime a web page has some somewhat heavy js or whatever it is I'm doing, but obviously you're looking at a different beast.

I have a Yoga Flex 5 and an X1 Carbon that both exhibit this. The Yoga is particularly annoying because it also has some little crinkly noises from the left speaker that come with the whine and make me wonder if it has a spinning platter HDD sometimes, and the X1 is just inexcusable at that price point (but it is a company laptop, so I can't really return it).

The coil whine was (relatively) less of a nuisance than the X1's fans, though, which were ridiculously noisy until I set the thing to 80% CPU speed.

So yes, Lenovo, if you're reading this, your customers have to kneecap your hardware to use it. Way to go proving value here.

Which generation of the X1 Carbon?
It is a X1 Yoga Gen 6
As a counterpoint, Coil Whine can happen to any components...

I mainly have heard it happening to desktop GPUs, both nvidia and amd.

I have a Thinkpad T490s. No coil whine!

>Are any Lenovo models safe from Coil Whine?

Yes :)

I think there's too much variance between Lenovo models with the same SKU that it's possible to rule it out for specific models. You might get one without coil noise from a dealer that checks it for you, or maybe you can get a showroom device that doesn't suffer from coil whine.

I suspect most users either do not hear it or do not find it that annoying. Maybe there will be more focus on it once fanless (and otherwise totally quiet) laptops and desktops will be more common, so that coil whine turns into an issue that UX designers care about.

Depending on how annoying it is, warranty swap it (though coil whine is not really a manufacturing defect, it’s the inductor on one of the switching power supplies vibrating at an audible frequency, so it’s really dependent on the manufacturer if coil whine is covered under warranty, you might have better luck under their returns policy depending on the age of the device) or crack that sucker open and glue down the offending coil (damping the vibration - you should be able to find the coil with your ear and your finger, applying pressure to the coil with your finger should dampen the vibration). HOWEVER that may void your warranty as manufacturers don’t like it when you do such things to your boards. I’ve also had good luck with applying pressure to the coil while reflowing the coil (so the coil is better seated on the pcb, again damping the vibration) or just swapping out the coil, but this requires soldering tools, bravery, and some soldering/rework practice as you don’t want to knock/blow off any components in the surrounding area. BUT again this could easily void any remaining warranty as they don’t like you reworking the board.

My advice, file a claim under warranty and try your luck, because even if they accept it as a warranty replacement and swap out the laptop, the next one might very well suffer from the same thing (as you pointed out, it seems a common thing with lenovo)

Hey in China market, there are much more stories like this, people say the noise is related with the flawed components within the computer, but its hard to say, some people manually changed the inner structure and things, this may reduce the noise. But yes, a lot of brands especially for gaming series laptops are more common to see this thing.
I have a T14s Gen-2 AMD version. Excellent design, performance, battery life, no coil whine. Highly recommended with the 400 nit display. Got it after paying a fortune for a loaded 2021 X1 Yoga with Intel chip that was always slow, fan always on, and had terrible battery life.
Nice, the T14s also looks good.

Does it support S3 sleep state?

One downside I see is that it seems to be 130g heavier than the X1 Carbon series.

I'm not sure about S3. I'm happy to say for my purposes, including travel and extended time away from an outlet, it "just works" out of the box. It's my main device, rarely off for more than 8 hours, so I don't know how much it would deplete over time while suspended and off power. It's been a long while since I've seen any problems on Thinkpads with suspend, and I've got better rabbit holes to spend my time in than trying to tweak that.

I don't bear an absolute grudge against Intel, but they really need to get their act together when it comes to laptop chips, the AMD chip is a dream compared to the Intel chips I've used in laptops for the past few years (my desktop 12700k is just fine, though).

130g is inconsequential, it feels very light and well distributed. After all the struggles, and a financial hit selling the X1 two years earlier than planned because it was just unusable, I had to determine, for now, the compromises of the Intel X1 series are not worth it, though they would probably be fine with an AMD chip. I do miss a touch screen and very occasionally convertible modes, though.

Try `cat /sys/power/mem_sleep` to see what states you have available. What does it output for you?
Just [s2idle].
Then you don't have suspend to ram.

The way I read it, s2idle leaves the CPU running. So it is up to the OS if it wants to use it or not.

https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/power/states.txt

Right, well that's what the default distro provides on this hardware then. If you have any quick non destructive tests I would try them, but I've spent way too much time mucking around with low level parameters, and the way it is now suits me fine, especially being able to use the distro from install.
I think it's not a distro thing. It's a hardware thing.

Too bad. I was hoping AMD still supported it.

IME, Lenovo service is sufficient reason to stay away from Lenovo.
I had coil whine on a Dell xps13. I’ll never buy another Dell because of it.

My Lenovo X1 was fine. They might swap it if it’s new.

I can't say I've ever noticed coil whine, at least from the laptop itself. Not on any ThinkPad or Latitude/Precision I've used (and I've used many), not on my Framework, not even on the various cheapo HPs and Acers and such I've occasionally used as "servers" (in production! A story for another time, perhaps). Either I'm more deaf than I thought from the metal scene here in Reno or I've just been exceptionally lucky.

I have, however, heard it plenty from laptop chargers, especially of the Dell variety, and while I guess that's somewhat expected given the transformers converting from AC to DC, it still skeeves me out a bit to hear noises from the one thing in between my laptop and 120VAC.

I wonder if it'd be possible to use destructive interference / noise cancelling to "cancel out" coil whine?

In any case, it seems excessive to call a laptop with coil whine a 100% wasted investment. Even if you can't return it, you could always stick it in a cabinet or something and use it as a desktop or server or media PC. Or hell, surely you could find a buyer who's too deaf to notice ;)

> So I will try to return the laptop. If I can't return it (Already removed Windows and replaced it with Linux), it would be a 100% wasted investment.

Try to return it without explaining why. Otherwise they will try to fix the problem by sending you another laptop which has a high likelihood of having the same issue. Best is to just get your money back and avoid doing business with them in the future.

All laptops suck nowadays. Lenovo and Dell learned from Apple that laptops don't need to last to be expensive.. since Ultrabooks happened laptops have serious QC issues.