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No one wants to sit elbow-to-elbow like a school cafeteria.

Depending on the work you do, whether it’s client contact or work that involves deep thought, you’re at an advantage by not having a shared space.

I used to run a consultancy that developed software and managed IT. We benefitted greatly from having private offices (1-2 people) combined with common areas for impromptu discussions. Our signal for do-not-disturb was a closed door.

I have since visited many trendy open floor plan offices and I think they are ridiculous. There is no way to focus and create value.

If an organization cannot afford private offices, it is probably not creating much value. If it can afford private offices and chooses to put everyone within earshot of each other, it is leaving productivity improvement on the table.

I had a private office in the 1990s and early 2000s. It was a great benefit, one could close the door to indicate you were thinking and then open the door to show you were up for talking. You could also start to work in a note book or reading code printout or something, and leave it in a pile and then get inspired a week later and pick it up again where you left off. I was at a company that had a lot of innovation and years of doubling times of three months. I would go in more if I had an office. Also if I had some influence over the thermostat, and what I consider descent coffee (that at least has gotten better even as they strip all dignity away from the working space). I didn’t read TFA. I also, Gen Z is underrated. Y’all work plenty hard, just less stupidly and less for empty tokens of virtue, but given intrinsically interesting work, and wow.
> and what I consider descent coffee

I have good news! All coffee descends as you pour it :)

Yeah, create a sufficiently better work environment (including commute) than wfh. This won’t involve cattle pens or cube farms…. If you can’t manage this, find alternate employment.
>but reinstalling private offices in the growing legions of ghost buildings may be worth a try.

Or, you know, not going back to the office as many people insist they prefer?

Gotta be honest - I didn't care much for the commute, but I would actually prefer a (real, honest to god, with a door) private office to my current work from home set up.
I don't think it's an accident that a principal at a real estate firm thinks the way to get people back in the office is to give them a lot more square footage lol. But more seriously, I think if you really think being in the office is important (usually for mentorship reasons) then the most important things are to figure out how to make hybrid work.
I haven’t heard mentorship as a key reason, but that’s interesting.

For me it’s the white boarding. Wow did I miss whiteboarding during the pandemic, and I never found an online version that worked as well as 2-3 people working on a whiteboard. I just about cried the first time I got to do that in an office again.

> ...For me it’s the white boarding. Wow did I miss whiteboarding...

Thank goodness i'm not the only one! Honestly, the only things that i like about office work are white boarding, and lunch with others (or alternatively grabbing an occasional beer...basically socializing regardless of how it happnes). Everything else about working at a physical office space is awful. It doesn't matter if the building is some old, falling-apart relic, or a sleek, modrn office....all of them are awful...and the things i noted above can be achieved in any cheap oiffice space - including ones where everyone has their own private space/office.

To echo the rest of the comments, hybrid is fine if and only if I get some kind of private space in the office itself, a cube is OK, a desk with partitions is OK, but I want to be able to isolate myself when necessary. A layout where someone can creep up and tap me on the shoulder? Not OK. Open plan where I can watch other people picking their nose? Not OK. But whiteboarding and social collaboration work best face-to-face, and I'm up for that, at least part-time.

Our CEO has emailed around asking people to come in 2 days a week from next year, but the offices are open plan. This means my Q1 2023 to-do list now has 'find a new job' at the top of it.

It's not the physical space so much as the time. If you calculate _all in_ times for commuting (getting ready, travel, gas, wait, walk to/from transportation) most commutes are easily an hour on each side of the work day.

That's 10 hours a week.

I like taking light rail, and on days I go into work, it is understood to be 10 to 4, and mostly spent chatting to people (about software largely but not necessarily this sprints top tasks).
Make it three hours a day. Grooming, picking pants, packing computer, etc, those all take time. If you're working 8 hours, you're spending 3/8 = 37.5% of the time not building value.

Which is insane in retrospect.

If your 3-hour commute comes out of your 8-hour workday (as is suggested by your formula), then your experience is not representative.
I assume you intended 3/11 ?
When I go into the office, it's 90 minutes by commuter rail (with very limited service hours) plus another 30-45 on the subway (when it's not on fire), then another 15-20 minutes walking. Each way. I'm mentally wiped my the time I get in. Most of my job is WFH, and I'm only going in when I must be in the office.

I'm fortunate that I can shift some of my work time to my train time, but it's still a big chunk out of my day to just move around.

Ivan Illich calculated that if you added up the time it took you to drive your car, park it, maintain it, and work to pay for it, it would work out at 4 MPH. That's walking speed.
So basically the car is free from a "waste hours of my life" perspective and you get the added convenience of being able to be a lot more flexible about when you waste that life and not having to walk in the rain or jump though extra hoops when moving stuff you can't just carry.
"Those praying for its awakening (basically, everyone in real estate) need office workers to return."

That includes the author, who is a partner at a real estate firm. The livelihood of these people is very much dependent on making sure their buildings are occupied - but for the would-be occupants, what's the benefit?

I have a private office already; it's in my house. It's quiet and comfortable. I don't have to deal with a commute or noisy coworkers, and I'm able to be extremely productive. My quality of life has improved tremendously as a direct result of working from home, and no "carrot" of private offices or "stick" of a forced return will cause me to give it up.

> I have a private office already; it's in my house

Not everyone has this. Commuting isn't free, but neither is a spare room at home.

From the article:

> freeing the techies to move much farther away, to towns where they could afford four-bedroom homes

Moving to a different town is a big disruption which at least i won't do just to be able to afford a big house. Not only do you lose the option to come in to the office (which is a good option to have even if you prefer home office most of the time); some people just prefer to live in big cities.
> Not everyone has this. Commuting isn't free, but neither is a spare room at home.

It's a lot cheaper in the long run than a commute, all things considered.

That depends on whether home is owned or rented, and where. Also, how long of a long run you're talking about.
It depends on a million things, of course if you live across the street from your office you're a special case. Most people have to spend at least a few hundred dollars a month commuting if they go into the office with fair frequency.

$4-5k/yr can get you a decent bit. Remote also means you don't need to live in the city, so that cost is easily offset by moving into a more affordable area.

This is true, but it goes both ways.

   > but for the would-be occupants, what's the benefit?
Learning the crucial skill of socializing with other humans, in real life. I suspect a lot of the self-reported misery and disconnectedness they report is due to being more and more online with less actual human interaction.
I can get that in contexts other than work, however.
You're right of course, at the individual level. But on the macro level something is clearly broken with Gen Z and their ability to interact in social situations. Anything that can get them interacting with humans more on a regular basis, I think would be a net society benefit. They are literally rudderless and it hurts to watch them be so miserable because it is entirely fixable. The lives they lead are not natural and it is messing with their humanity.
I agree with the diagnosis. I think the root cause is growing up with social media.
I wouldn't mind office space being turned into living space (though I've seen some claims here that it's not easy).
> Even if office space were as comfy as home and more fun than free beer, a couple hour drive would be a deal-breaker.

Private offices on a spoke with a collab/whiteboard room for a hub are the most tempting form of office space to me, but that still presumes that

1) my entire team is in one location. If we are going to have at least 2 people remotely, in order to not treat them as second class citizens, we all should be remote and only use remote-capable tools, which kills whiteboards

2) my commute is not crazy. It's really, really hard to compete with zero commute at all every single day. Nothing more convenient than doing the quick laundry / lunch prep / seeing family tasks

Coming back to the ~~bullpen~~ collaborative open plan office where we have nothing but L desks and nerf guns is not that tempting to me.

Interesting that this question is being asked specifically to deal with land owners losing money on vacant office buildings. In a city with a tremendous housing crisis, maybe try converting some of that space into housing? You could even double up the purpose. People can work from home in the same place that used to be an office. Everyone wins.
I went from having my own office in the 90s, to cubes, to bullpens, and then more and more open open office setups, then recently back to a cube and finally now in a private office.

Anyone who says productivity, focus and happiness doesn’t take a huge hit in open office settings is fooling themselves or lying to you. Cubes are okay, bullpens (5-10 folks with spaced out desks) were hit and miss but largely hit, but open office is utterly ruinous for getting work done. I loathed them when I was first forced to sit in them, I hated them every day after, and I hate them now looking back on them.

I understand the desire to keep real estate costs down. But at the very least an office worker should get something like a cube, and yeah offices are best. Especially with hybrid work likely to stick around indefinitely meaning more VC meetings either companies are going to have to redesign their offices to build a shit ton of conference rooms (LinkedIn did this and it actually sorta works) or give people more auditory and visual isolation in their private workspaces.

> Anyone who says productivity, focus and happiness doesn’t take a huge hit in open office settings is fooling themselves or lying to you.

I work way better in an open office, but I fully acknowledge that I am not likely your average worker.

The problem with open offices is that you only get one option: be around everybody.

My company has something like 15-20 offices anyone can use at any point with a big open floor in the middle for collaboration. That is in combination with a flexible WFH and office culture. Best of both worlds IMO.

even ignoring productivity of workers, I don't see why most companies wouldn't prefer to cut down on expenses like office space. Some industries will always need a chunk of their workforce in office, but even downsizing office size helps. Plus you can recruit almost globally for talent and employees don't have to deal with long commutes which are going to drain people mentally

You can't even claim remote work doesn't scale, there are multiple billion dollar public companies that are remote first and basically every company continued to function just fine during the pandemic

Power. Management really doesn't give a shit about being the most productivity, in reality those who have been deemed "above workers" want to feel that way and be able to observe their serfs in the field toiling away. It absolutely terrifies them that having a task master breathing down the neck of workers may not actually be necessary for things to get done, because why else did they spend 2 whole years paying 150k for that MBA from an Ivy League if their role is truly pointless.

Dealing with all these contradictions is very hard and may require a review of how we imagine "work" on a societal level, so it's much easier to force everyone back into the office and sweep it back under the rug.

in theory it should solve itself, companies that adapt or new companies that form will be more efficient and cost effective and put these other companies out of business.

In the short term these people can use words to justify decisions but eventually it will show up in the bottom line and everybody will find out which model is superior

This is discussed very heavily in economic theory. Basically possession of capital is such a powerful advantage it basically destroys a lot of the adaptation that should be forced. You see this a lot with VC companies, like Uber needing to subsidize every ride or Internet providers monopolizing by endlessly buying each other and merging instead of improving customer service.
Can you elaborate on this or offer some resources to learn more? This squares with my experience, but I haven't seen this thought specifically elaborated on. I am very interested to learn more.

This would be an excellent example of a market failure and a key area of policy research.

I remember when I worked for a large fortune 50 company, once we had an old school exec up there, and he was introduced as "the guy who brought the open office to our NA locations"

It was supposed to be a positive thing (certainly the management team saw it as that) but there was silence. It was really weird, actually.

I remember the days of being with other 9 people in two adjacent rooms as the worst days of my working and non working life.
Remote work is a tradeoff. The primary issue with commuting to an office is the costs are too damn high. The benefits are primarily collaboration.

I'd be happy to come into an office. What I don't want to do is spend 2 hours in traffic to be present for 8 hours in an office, where I get maybe 3 hours of actual productive work done, and be forced to spend a ton of money I wouldn't normally need to spend on commuting expenses.

It's much more attractive and possible to solve the remote collaboration problem than the "reducing the costs of the commute" problem, which seems unsolvable by design. Most of the costs of the commute are intractable or designed to extract money out of commuters.

>The "benefits" are primarily "collaboration"

I haven't seen a lot of empirical work on this. Loooooooots of hand-waving by those who try to justify in-office work, though. Not much consideration about the opportunity costs and tradeoffs though.

We are only really missing some positional audio tools for remote collab to just wreck that argument and put it to bed.

The ability to break off and sidebar convos is about the only piece I miss with in person.

> The ability to break off and sidebar convos is about the only piece I miss with in person.

I agree! Weird that it's still largely unsolved (there are some experimental apps like Chatmosphere or WorkAdventure, but nothing people actually use at scale).

Other than that, collaboration is perfectly fine or better than in person. Looking at and interacting with the same screen is a good bit more comfortable [with MS Teams] than in person. VSCode liveshare is better than sitting in front of the same computer. There are so many small things you can do remotely you can't do in person.

The ability to read social cues in person is so vital to our survival that they are instinctual - babies can pick on these cues without any prior exposure. Yet remote workers are struggling with these very things. That should disturb anyone and hint that the burden of proof goes the other way - we need to prove that virtual-everything relationships don't have a negative impact on society before we go all-in on it for a generation.
>Yet remote workers are struggling with these very things.

According to whom? The real estate partner who wrote this article?

>before we go all-in on it for a generation.

Who is suggesting going all-in on virtual-everything?

If you want to compete with my home office:

private office, good coffee, leftovers and a full fridge, coffe break with a wonderful woman, good speakers, mic + stand + sound-card with noise gate = no headphones, expensive chair.

If your team is distributed anyways the only thing good in the office are informal chats and the commutes if you can ride a bike.

I stopped biking when Covid hit and ugh it shows. Now when I walk to the grocery store, I am breathing hard.

I forgot about left overs, or food to my taste, it that is a big thing. I am a picky eater, and haven’t had much food even when they were burning money for fancy food.

On the other hand, we keep less junk food around the house than the office break room stocks. I lost weight when working from home.
i got an exercise bike. good well with long booring meetings and controller based pc games
We should instead incentivize the conversion of unused office space to housing.
Jokingly of coures...But, i think many silicon valley/startup firms were sort of headed that route....by setting up a kitchen, play room, meditation room/room for resting, etc. ...all at the workp0lace! I mean, conceptually, they would love to have you "live" at the office as much as possible. They'll "pay the rent", but you have to pay to get there. ;-)
I actually prefer working in offices, especially open floor plans. Private offices are too isolating.
Well, the article is a single anecdote; because it glosses over a more important obstacle:

> freeing the techies to move much farther away, ... Even if office space were as comfy as home and more fun than free beer, a couple hour drive would be a deal-breaker.

What would get me back into the office (almost) every day? A flying car. I'm not kidding. I want it parked right outside of my house every morning, and I want it to fly at 120mph, land directly on the roof of my office, and then go park itself.

And, yes, I stress the word house. I'm not living in shoebox apartment built next to a train station as some political compromise. I'm a talented engineer, so I expect an upper-middle-class lifestyle with plenty of room for my kids to play. I don't want to deal with traffic, or transferring between trains, or the long walk / bike ride / drive to/from the train station, or shuttles.

Think I'm being unreasonable? I'll take my talents elsewhere, thank you.

Flying cars have existed for a long time - they're called helicopters.
Personal transport by drone is an up-and-coming concept.
If you want me back in the office you're going to have to do better than my setup at home, which includes these benefits:

- No commute

- Healthy food of my chosing available

- I have a non-shared bathroom thats clean which includes a shower I can use whenever I want

- I have a Quad monitor setup and 4 GPU servers and a Gigabit LAN

- I control the temperature

- I am across the road from a gym and a pool

- I have very little / no interruptions and noise

- I can play music as loud as I want

I know there's no office in the world thats going to come close to these benefits, so why would I? To satisfy some ancient, out-dated, real estate conglomerate who hasn't innovated in 100 years? I dont care about them, my health and happiness is more important, these old businesses who don't move with the times can die, that's the point.

I'm a millennial not Gen Z, but there's absolutely nothing that can be done to get me to go to an office. Well, I guess I would if I absolutely had to, if no remote jobs were available. But that seems quite unlikely. I don't want to commute, period.
This is exactly it. WFH is simply inherently superior to commuting, for many of us. If remote jobs exist, we will take them until they don't, but competition for workers makes me optimistic that they will. It'd be like asking "What would it take to get workers to accept a job that doesn't provide health insurance?" and then being surprised that workers will choose jobs that offer that benefit over jobs that don't, unless somehow there were no jobs with that benefit.
I feel somewhat like you do, but I'd go into the office for the right company, and the right setup.

Most companies are not that. Probably .05% of software companies would fit the bill, I think.

I'd need a somewhat private space, not a super strict schedule (tho being there for meetings is cool), and it'd need to be a really nice office.

I'd also need to be able to use whatever keyboard, monitor, chair, and desk I want, but that's small costs - but surprisingly hard to get.

Going back to the office with the technology we have now seems silly to me. While Zoom and Slack won't give you the same level of collaboration if you were in the office, it gets you about 95% there. I recently became a manager and talking to other managers there seems to be a slit between those that want a return to the "old times" of office work and those that have fully embraced "remote work". I tell all the managers that want a return to the "old times" that remote work is the future and they need to adapt to it. Sure there are compromises, but the benefits across the board are insurmountable.
wrt comments about distraction on site:

Personally I've found open office problems can be mitigated significantly with noise cancelling headphones (as much as anything to allow me to play music/white noise at a lower, sustainable volume) and a baseball cap for visual focus for the times I need that.

I think having separate shared "quiet" offices is the best way to offer an occasional focused refuge for anybody who needs them.

Dedicated, single person private offices seem anti social and about status normally, though they may be useful to sandbox off the noisy meeting-class of workers.

For an individual to need one 8 hours a day for, say, coding indicates they are on a burn out path.

Private office is anti-social, yet nose cancelling headphones with a baseball cap is not?
No, anything full time that silos is anti social. Cutting off the outside world is a useful facility in temporary measures.

If the cap and headphones were full time they would be anti social too. They are for temporary periods as needed.

I already allowed for private offices in limited time slots, no need for more than that for most jobs.

Private office with open doors is pretty social.

Meeting rooms are for collab. And for most jobs there’s no need for collab outside of limited time slots.

If you’re not doing focused work, not doing group work and you’re fine to get disrupted… You could head home as well.

So I could drive or take the bus to the office. After an hour or so I'd be working in an open-plan quarter-occupied room with overhead florescent lighting that has always been a migraine trigger and a worse setup than I have at home. All of my meetings would be on Zoom.

A private office would be the bare minimum for me to go in, since it still has to compete with my private home office. But it doesn't get me those two additional hours of free time every day.

As a contrarian who doesn't love WFH this is spot on. A purpose-built place designed just for working where I can be hyper productive - yes please! Being able to focus while I work but collaborate/socialize/have lunch with colleagues is the ideal.

Living in a city where space is a premium, a functional home office takes up valuable space and is an eyesore. My wife and I both want big monitors but don't want our house to look like a coworking space. We don't necessarily want to be there every day when the kids come home from school.

My company gives a generous WFH stipend for equipment and furniture but its still essentially be donating part of my house to my employer. I'd much rather they foot the bill for the office.

If your company gives a stipend and you live in a larger city, why not get a co-working spot?
It didn’t take the pandemic to work out that people prefer small/individual offices. It took the pandemic to give employees the leverage needed to speak up and say that if you want people back in then give us offices. I’ve never had such a hard time working as I did in an office of 30 people. At least I could put headphones in.
Why?

My commute takes me between 2-3 hours a day, and costs me thousands a year in fuel costs, extra insurance costs (since I need to have commuting cover), and car depreciation.

On top of that, I get 2-3 hours a day less with my family. In the winter that 2-3 hours might actually mean I don't see daylight until the weekend! Plus the stress of commuting, encountering unexpected traffic, etc!

Then at home I have far comfier office (with a much more ergonomic, comfortable, and health-supporting chair, desk, etc), a private bathroom, I can work in whatever clothes I want, I don't have to worry about being in for deliveries, I have a full kitchen and a stocked fridge, freezer, pantry... I could go on all day about the benefits.

There's nothing that can be offered that would make me want to work in-office.

Your commute was an hour and a half each way?
Between an hour and an hour and a half, yeah. It's only 15 miles, traffic is fucked.
I'd do it for one thing: office only.

Going in to do video calls makes no sense because the office video setup cannot realistically be made better than my home setup.

It needs to be 100% in-person, because that is better than video calls.

It's like, imagine that I arrange to meet a friend in a pub, but he suggests a phone call instead. I can go to the pub and make the phone call from the pub. But why?

The commute is a non issue, put the office in the city centre and I live within max half an hour of you. That's the entire point of cities.

I don't particularly care for the argument that others post here along the lines of "I live hours from the office/in another state/whatever". That's fine, I don't go to the supermarket in the next town over either...

> It's like, imagine that I arrange to meet a friend in a pub, but he suggests a phone call instead. I can go to the pub and make the phone call from the pub. But why?

Brilliant! I'm stealing this!

To adapt a cliche: "It's the commute, stupid."

The costs and absolute nonsense of requiring a commute outweigh almost any benefit of daily in-office presence.

A study from decades ago (I wish I could find it again) found that remote work makes good managers' teams perform better and bad managers teams perform worse. It basically correlates to whether the managers focus on results that matter, or on intimidating their workers into doing things that look like work (butts in chairs, not browsing, few breaks, etc.).

I'm thinking that the famous Steve Jobs 'insight' about building the offices so that people from different teams would have chance encounters is BS, especially since Apple now reportedly so heavily silos their information.

And want to save real estate? Far cheaper to give every employee an unheard-of $4K/yr equipment budget than to pay $66/SqFt/yr office space in SF (excluding utilities, insurance, etc.).

Any executive that doesn't get this is just dense, and I'd argue, unsuited for their office.