Show HN: Web search using a ChatGPT-like model that can cite its sources (beta.sayhello.so)
The model is an 11-billion parameter T5-derivative that has been fine-tuned on feedback given on hundreds of thousands of searches done (anonymously) on our platform. Giving the model web access lessens its burden to need to store a snapshot of human knowledge within its parameters. Rather, it knows how to piece together primary sources in a natural and informative way. Using our own model is also an order of magnitude cheaper than relying on GPT.
A drawback to aligning models to web results is that they are less inclined to generate complete solutions/answers to questions where good primary sources don’t exist. Answers generated without underlying citable sources can be more creative but are prone to errors. In the future, we will show both types of answers.
Examples:
https://beta.sayhello.so/search?q=set+cookie+in+fastapi
https://beta.sayhello.so/search?q=What+did+Paul+Graham+learn...
https://beta.sayhello.so/search?q=How+to+get+command+line+pa...
https://beta.sayhello.so/search?q=why+did+Elon+Musk+buy+twit...
Would love to hear your thoughts.
193 comments
[ 5.2 ms ] story [ 227 ms ] threadUnfortunately searches can be non-deterministic, as the links Bing returns to us can change from query to query even if search wording stays constant.
Could you talk about how it's similar or different?
> In the meantime, try searching this on Google or DuckDuckGo. You can also prefix your question with !g or !ddg shortcuts. You may have to enable popups for this to work.
> A solar eclipse is a partial eclipse of the Sun caused by a solar coronal mass ejection . A solar coronal mass ejection occurs when Earth passes directly in front of the sun.
> You will also need to calculate number of seconds it takes for earth to rotate around the sun which is calculated as Math.PI * 2 / 60
> ANSWER
> To mix two colors in JavaScript, you can use the color-mix property. This property takes three parameters: the colorspace, the color to be mixed, and the percentage of that color to mix. For example, to mix the colors #FFFFFF and #8FBC8, you would use the following code:
> let newColor = document.createElement;
> // Outputs: #8FBC8
This is all just wrong from beginning to end. It seems to be confusing JS and CSS, too.
"How do I mix two colors in vanilla JavaScript?" This doesn't confuse rgb string and it still asks the same question.
Nothing much has changed since. So they appear to be trying to cash in on the interest in ChatGPT.
Interesting they didn't include that they are backed by Y Combinator in the recent S23 cohort. Is being backed by YC a negative for startups here now?
[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32003215
> what is the diameter of the sun in sun radii
> ANSWER
> The diameter of the sun in solar radii is 1,392,000 km. This is calculated by taking the mean radius of the sun, which is 432,450 miles , and multiplying it by the circumference of the sun, which is 2,715,396 miles .
The correct answer is, of course: 2.
BTW: Google is also confused, but not in the same way, returning:
2.0018 R(sun)
2 * 695700 = 1391400
based on the most recent measurement from 2015:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_radius
Any other value found on the web is based on some older estimate or some arbitrary approximation.
The nominal solar radius, which is and is intended to be an approximation, is defined to be exactly 695,700 km.
I asked some controversial questions and the answers are interesting to say the least. The source is often reddit, random sites that are probably the top search engine result or some yellow press outlet.
I make the phone calls to gather and synthesise information that previously wasn't online. I don't like the idea of AI just paraphrasing my work without credit, and getting it wrong to top things off. It's bad enough when Google and lazy SEO copywriters do it. I do the work, they get the value.
I feel the same as a programmer (though I'm no longer a professional one). I didn't release all that open source code to train a for-profit AI.
I'd be even more upset if an AI was used to immitate my artwork and deny me the recognition. Thankfully I'm not that skilled.
I've seen convincing counter arguments to this, but I can't help feeling wronged by it. I feel like it enables a few to rob many of the fruits of their labour at an unprecedented scale.
"Additionally, he was offered a high enough price by the shareholders that they were willing to sell their shares to him."
or:
"He acquired Twitter in April 2016 for $44 billion."
ANSWER The path integral of a European swallow is the sum, or functional integral, over an infinity of quantum-mechanically possible trajectories to compute a quantum amplitude. This formulation has proven crucial to the understanding of how birds fly and migrate. For example, during migration, barn swallows cover 200 miles a day at speeds of 17-22 miles per hour, with a maximum flight speed of 35 mph. In their wintering areas, they feed in small flocks which join together to form roosting flocks of thousands of birds.
I am curious, how do you decide on what kind of content goes in the links bar? It doesn't seem be just news, or just links. I am having hard time figuring out when to resort to the links, vs just using the AI response.
https://www.dell.com/en-us/shop/nvidia-ampere-a100-pcie-300w...
Do we have rough estimates of the training GPU compute needed to train GPT-3 and has OpenAI said anything about compute resources used to train ChatGPT?
How about a browser extension that scrapss Google results and asks GPT to summarise?
There are many prompts beyond summarisation that would be interesting, for example ask GPT to present conflicting point of views in the results.
The inference service could be unavailable - we have alerts for this and will be fixing it soon.
Just an FYI if you aren’t getting those alerts.
Turns out those folks might have been ahead of their time. :D
This has been doable on Google for years. Maybe not the same kind of intent understanding but enough keywords are there that you would end up getting lots of results for cookie recipes.
Results in
"To take you to your email, you will need to sign in to your account. Once you are signed in, open your inbox to check your mail. You can also use the Help tab to contact customer support or see training videos. Additionally, you can right-click an email in the Message List to show more message options and right-click the Reading Pane for additional email commands such as translation. Finally, you can use Search to find other commands or search through your email, contacts, and calendar."
Citing resources from google and microsoft support.
It's slow as hell, though. Maybe a more limited invite-only beta would have been a good idea if your infra isn't there yet, compared to an announcement on Hacker News. It spun for 5 minutes doing nothing, then eventually gave me an inference engine down message. Retried and it spun for another 5 minutes doing nothing. Tried a third time, and at some point while I was back here reading the comments again, it loaded an answer finally. Tried a fourth time and got the inference engine down again.
It has the code you need:
> Answer
> It is impossible to answer this question as there is no way to determine how many ducks can fit into a cargo van. The dimensions of the back doors on U-Haul cargo vans are 5’1-1/2′′ x 4’1-1/2′′ , and you have 9’6′′ x 5’7′′ x 4’7′′ in the cargo area totally 245 cubic feet of space for your household goods. This means that it would be difficult to fit more than 6,000 ducks at a time, while large farms usually have around 50,000 and 100,000 ducks reared simultaneously. The middle ground is 10,000 to 50,000 per batch.
It is interesting to see how it attempted to “solve it” though (I put that in quotes since it isn’t actually doing the math)
I tried Perplexity this morning with the following prompt:
"What is the evidence for and against systematic phonics instruction?"
It not only gave me the stuff 'everyone knows' but also pointed to a 2020 paper that goes against the conventional wisdom. (I had read that paper a few days ago, and was curious whether the AI would mention it.).
I'm fairly certain that this was the reason why Google had to tamp down it's rich results that were made mostly from Wikipedia entries.
More recently it was shopping...
"Google argues that ‘rich results’ in Search provide more direct experience in antitrust suit response": https://9to5google.com/2020/12/17/google-search-antitrust-re...
"Google loses appeal, faces €2.4 billion shopping antitrust fine": https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/11/google-loses-appeal-...
If you want to show that data you'll end up having to work out a license from StackOverflow. Possible, but far more difficult than the current ease of plug-and-play GPT drop-in.
Do we really think Google hasn't thought of this exact thing already?
Apart from the copyright issues that parent mentions, there's also the issue of LLM spewing BS confidently, which is why Google has been hesitant to roll it out as their default.
This post sums up the other issues outside of copyright that these types of services are certain to run into…
1. DeepMind 2. Infrastructure 3. Trust 4. Freshness 5. Habit Breaking
https://www.maxinomics.com/blog/fade-the-chatgpt-hype
With tricky I mean that only under very specific circumstances you would be infringing copyright laws, like maybe if the content was private in the first place; but then in that case you wouldn't be infringing copyright either, you would just be breaking privacy laws/terms.
I honestly can't think of an example where you would get in trouble by citing a piece of content that belongs to someone else, but I'm not closed to the possibility that it could happen.
It's the reverse of this. Any work public or not by default is all rights reserved to the owner. The fair use doctrine provides an exception from this if you meet specific criteria.
An extreme example, you cannot just upload a complete movie and just add "credit to disney".
> you wouldn't be infringing copyright either, you would just be breaking privacy laws/terms.
Maybe we're from different countries, but with US law it would be either under theft, the computer fraud/abuse act and/or copyright violations, there are no privacy laws applicable here unless we're talking about PII.
Extracting very specific examples from an article or blog is almost certainly going to fall under fair use. However I've seen several cases where it essentially just returns an entire article as the answer which would certainly be legally ambiguous.
In the words of ChatGPT:
> When determining the potential impact on the market for the original work, courts will consider whether the use of the copyrighted material is likely to harm the market for the original work. This may include whether the use of the copyrighted material would compete with the original work, such as if it is used as a substitute for the original work or if it would reduce the demand for the original work.
As such this is at least not clearly a fair use case. (And arguably quite possibly a not fair use case)
1. the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes; 2. the nature of the copyrighted work; 3. the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and 3. the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work.
Particularly 3 & 4.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fair_use#U.S._fair_use_factors
Which is one of the key factors of determining Fair Use and Fair Use falls under copyright.
So, ¯\_(ツ)_/¯.
The issue with Google had more to do with antitrust behavior than with copyright infringement.
Both sources you provide have zero mentions of the word 'copyright' in them.
Those lawsuits have to do with Google's dominating the search market and using that to their advantage in ways that are allegedly unfair.
Copyright law actually allows a service like Google to exist in the first place.
>Copyright infringement and antitrust violations are two distinct types of improper use. Plagiarism is an ethical violation that occurs when someone attempts to pass off someone else's work or ideas as their own, without properly giving credit to the original source. It is not against the law, but can have serious consequences such as failing grades, termination, and difficulty finding new employment. On the other hand, copyright infringement occurs when a party takes an action that implicates one or more of the rights listed above without authorization from the copyright owner or an applicable exception or limitation in the copyright law, such as fair use. The most common antitrust violations fall into two categories: agreements to restrain competition and efforts to acquire a monopoly.
There are plenty of examples out there, as mentioned the ones prior to the recent shopping ones. Feel free to dig.
- It is expensive (~0.5c per generated answer)
- It is (currently) slow (2-3 seconds to result)
- It is hard to place ads inside direct answers (probably the most important)
Costs are only going to come down.
Then how did ChatGPT do it?
I don't know that much about these AI systems aside from that it's apparently too big to run on my own PC. Having a powerful but regular desktop system temporarily dedicated to answering my queries is quite a lot of compute power already and apparently that's not enough for something like Dall-E or chatGPT.
Perhaps to avoid being pinned down on this later ("why is this so expensive if it only costs X"), it's probably good to multiply any answer by five or ten, or factor in some of the development time/costs.
Anecdotally, I looked at running an open-source GPT competitor from Meta (OPT), and the requirements for running that are vaguely on the scope of "8 GPUs with at least 400gb of GPU memory" which would be VERY expensive, even in the cloud.
An 8gpu AWS EC2 instance costs $3.40/hr (p2.8xlarge), and if the model runs for 20s per request (roughly how long chatGPT takes me to get a response), that gives you $0.02 a request, not including things like storage or idle capacity. So a request could likely be $0.05-0.1, not including overhead like dev costs, training, etc.
Here's the citation, from Sam Altman of OpenAI: https://twitter.com/sama/status/1599671496636780546
Also, this person who doesn't appear to actually be affiliated with OpenAI estimates the running costs at $100k per day: https://twitter.com/tomgoldsteincs/status/160019699538936627...
Attempt 1: The population was about 25 million (in line with estimates) and only 3 million spoke specifically Parisian French (a potentially accurate statement, but not what I asked). The sources it cited had contradicting information — 23 million instead of 25 million total population — or additional context that would've answered the question accurately, such as about half of the population speaking some form or quality of French.
Attempt 2: "The French-speaking population of France during the French Revolution is estimated to have been around 29 million people" — completely wrong across the board. One cited source is a Statista user-created graph that gives 24.8M for revolutionary France and 29M for France in 1800; it also has no details about language use. "This figure is based on demographic analysis conducted by Gudin and confirmed by a crosscheck with the graph showing population changes in France between 400 B.C. and 1975 contained in Colin McEvedy and Richard Jones, Atlas of World Population History." This is lifted almost verbatim from another cited source, but the source's next paragraph acknowledges discrepancies important to the context, including potential errors by Gudin or his translator. The source also has no details about language use.
Attempt 3: "The French-speaking population of France during the French Revolution was estimated to be around 55.81 million people, according to a 2007 Adult Education survey by the Insee. This survey found that French was the mother tongue of 87.2% of the total population, followed by Arabic , Portuguese , Spanish and Italian . People who spoke other languages natively made up the remaining 5.2% of the population." Completely wrong. The only cited source is the "Languages of France" Wikipedia article.
1: https://beta.sayhello.so/search?q=what+was+the+french-speaki...
This particular query about the French revolution seems to give GPT fits across its iterations, and I suspect it's because:
- the most correct answer is "I don't know"; when answering questions, GPT isn't really trying to answer a question by reasoning through it, it's trying to mimic what usually happens after someone asks a question, and especially online that usually isn't someone saying "I don't know"
- the most authoritative sources on subjects like this include books, and GPT doesn't seem to read a lot of those, or if it has then it doesn't seem to be able to cite them without inventing false details about the sources themselves (titles that don't exist, attributing works to the wrong authors)
Seeing "model that cites sources" made me excited that there was a solution to the second point. But specific to Hello:
- the most authoritative web sources are historians who cite sources, which aren't often written for SEO, on popular platforms, or not paywalled
- a search result being in a first page of Bing/Google doesn't make it authoritative
- this doesn't seem to stop GPT from coming up with false inventions/hallucinations that aren't in or relevant to the cited source at all
"The French-speaking population of France during the French Revolution was estimated to be around 25 million people" (wrong, citing that same Statista graph that doesn't mention language use)
"It is difficult to accurately estimate the French-speaking population of France during the French Revolution, as there was no official census taken at the time." (honestly the most accurate answer yet, but citing that same Statista graph)
"It is impossible to accurately estimate the French-speaking population of France during the French Revolution, as there is no reliable data available. However, it is estimated that around 80% of the population spoke French in 1800." (first sentence is correct, second is wrong, citing that same Statista graph)
"At the time of the French Revolution, less than half of France's population could speak French. This was due to a combination of factors, including the fact that French was an extremely popular language with the elite and higher classes, as it was adopted by nearly all European courts and it even reached the other side of the Atlantic." (cites a babbel.com article; I think the first sentence is the first time the answer approaches both accuracy and consistency with both the question and source, largely by plagiarizing part of the source. It still omits useful context about the lack of literacy/fluency that's in the same sentence lifted from the source. Then it goes back off the deep end with the second sentence, which the source uses to emphasize how broadly French was spoken, and not as a reason why so few people in revolutionary France spoke French.)
The citing sources feature can definitely be improved - right now it works at a sentence granularity and insists on finding the best source when sometimes not appropriate. Thanks for pointing all of this out