Ask HN: Has anyone here turned around their life in their 40s?

1127 points by Deutscher ↗ HN
I know the best of my life is behind me, but I need help salvaging what's left of it. I've been meaning to ask for help for a couple of years now, but only now got around to it after being scared by my first real suicidal ideation a few nights ago. HN is probably not a suitable platform for this, but /r/advice seems to be not very active and I can't post on /adv/ due to some IP range ban. There are no mental health facilities in the small town where I live. I let my professional network decay and die, and there is literally nowhere else I can get any kind of useful, actionable advice.

I'm a 43-years-old single guy, NEET for the past decade. I got my Master's in the US in the late 2000s and was gainfully employed there for a few years (NOT in my field of education; long story) until I had to return to my home country to take care of my ailing father. He passed on within a year of my return, leaving my family with a financial mess, and his death took a lot out of me. I still obviously miss him, but in wallowing in depression and self-pity, I let the prime of my life pass me by.

As I stand, I have no current skills related to either my education (MEng) or my previous work experience (BI Reporting/Analytics). I don't have ideas/skills/network for entrepreneurship.

I had all the desires of a regular guy: a wife, kids, a house, meaningful work, etc. I mean I still do, but I guess I'm too late for the first few. Every night I promise myself to do/be better tomorrow and somehow get myself to sleep. I was once looked up to, now I'm a pity case and an example case of how not to throw one's life away.

With every passing day, I am becoming more bitter, angry and disillusioned. I don't want to live like this anymore, but I don't know how to even _start_ thinking of ways to get myself out of this hole.

Ideally, I would prefer to go back to the US; not only for the dollars (they're nice), but also because I actually was happy there. I'd do all the things that I didn't do enough of because I was focused on saving money and because I thought that there would always be time for them when I was more stable/settled.

The good: No diseases AFAIK, no vices at all other than severe procrastination and a masterful ability to lie to myself. I have ~US$25k-equivalent in salary savings from a decade ago.

Sorry if the above text is rambling and not very cohesive. I've probably also skipped over some useful information I should have provided. Please do ask. I'll take some time reflecting on your replies and then respond. Thank you.

766 comments

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https://medium.com/mid-life-survival-guide/life-after-40-get...

I can't find the story from the book The Hard Thing About Hard Things, but it was similar to some of the stories in that random article that google just fed me.

Age is just a number.

A lot of these are examples of people that built up a career and finally had a (lucky) breakout. Doesn't sound like OP.
Masters in US implies the OP has a past history of completing non-trivial projects. Built career is just a narrative that HR and investors like. Humans can learn quite fast lots of useful things. This is not a statement "everyone can become world champion" but rather, you don't need to become world champion to find contentment and happiness in life. Growth mentality is the key.
OK but that was a decade ago, it means he could do it at one point.
This sounds like glass half-empty type of view. While pessimists never get disappointed, it also skews ones perception of the world so that one does not see the inherent opportunities, nor does one act to embrace those opportunities. It's much better to ask "what is the best version of events" that could come out of this and try to act so that happens (even thought that will then lead to disappointments)
There is fake it till you make it (which is what you are suggesting) and ignoring reality.
People can start and find wonderful and fulfilling lives in their 40's. Personally I have no idea what the OP is like and if this discussion is the only interaction you've had with the person, neither likely do you. Which means both of us are unable to guess what he can still achieve in life. A borderline depressed person will describe their circumstances and capabilities in a way that plausibly does not in fact reflect their full potential.

There are some career paths for which not only doors close at an early age but they require specific circumstances to even be feasible - like an Olympic gold medalist. Most lives are not like that (than heavens) and people are able to find meaning and fulfillment in lots of circumstances.

If you don't know a person, then the charitable interpretation is to trust they are capable of humanly achieving what ever they set their minds to, that people starting from similar circumstances have achieved. With the input data (40+, masters) the range of possibilities is quite large.

"Faking it till you make it" is perhaps not an accurate description. It presumes you need to prove something to someone. A person just needs to find the thing they like doing, and then thrive in doing that. Once you thrive people will notice anyway. There is nothing wrong in starting humbly, and then moving upwards once skill and confidence builds up.

The post I was replying to said "look at all these people who did stuff in their 40s". I was simply pointing out that this is NOT who OP is, based on his post. And he should not be thinking that, unless he wants to fake it till he makes it.

Accepting the reality, that he's done nothing for the last 10 years, SHOULD get him to pick something, anything, that he would be proud to build up over the next 10 years.

Pretending he is similar to Steve Carell does him a disservice.

You need to see a therapist. Your problem is largely on your outlook on where you are in life. This is not meant to be a buck up or shut up comment, it's just that you can't improve your life until you change your outlook on things. You won't be able to move forward on things until you confront your feelings and accept your position to move out of it.

To answer your question, yes. My 30's were a mess with a divorce, a parent with dementia, a kid who had a unknown behavior problems they said was autism, and trying to keep my dad's business running all while maintaining a full time job. You can get better, but you need help doing it and have to actively accept you aren't all alone.

I second that, I would suggest move to a larger city and get a job and therapist there (looks like the OP is from Germany, which I would personally prefer to US).

And regarding to life goals, wife and kids in particular, although I have decided not to have a family, so take my advice with a grain of salt, but I think there are many single mothers out there who would appreciate a stable and solid partner with 2nd income.

One thing to note is that while Germany is much better if you need social services, it's much easier to move between classes in the US. It's very hard to move up in German society without the right social circles which are also much more exclusive than in the US or London.

That said, while therapy is one thing(and very hard to find someone that actually helps you out of your misery instead of reinforcing it), I'd maybe suggest creating a fixed schedule. Some basic cardio sports at a fixed time and day once a week(if that is too much once every two weeks). Ideally a group practice that gives some social pressure. It's much harder to get out a tough spot when you're alone. Maybe a beginner Capoeira class. No real requirement to socially engage if you don't want to, but warms your heart nonetheless.

And maybe one usergroup of some sort once a month. No need to engage with people. Worst case, you just listen to some talks and get free Pizza.

One thing that's very important in Germany when getting help is to never EVER say that you have suicidal thoughts. The moment you do that you slide into a bracket out of the social system that you can never get out of on your own. Any doctor or psychologist may now force you to take medication or put you in the asylum whenever they chose.

Is therapy better in Germany? I live in Hamburg and the waiting list is more than a year for therapy. I was under the impression that it is somewhat faster in the US

When I lived in the UK they wouldn’t offer me even a waiting list

Go private if you can afford it. NHS therapy in the U.K. is basically impossible to get for most people, but there are many, many good professional therapists charging £40-£60/hour. Once a week or fortnight, it’s worth it.
Unfortunately I live in Germany now where private therapists are far more expensive than that. More like 100 to 200 an hour. When I eventually return to the UK I won’t bother with the NHS again
You can find therapist from other countries if you are comfortable speaking with them in english through video call. It may not provide the same experience but it might be better than the alternative which is no help.

I would check out eastern europe or Asia. They will cost around $15-25/hour.

Ask if they will take a sliding scale, most will.

Also if you can provide tech stuff (like a website or what not) see if they will trade in kind services.

As I posted above, German public insurance is required to cover therapy if your GP prescribes it. So you can get private therapy covered if public therapists are too busy to take you.

The process is roughly like this:

* GP prescribes therapy.

* You call seven public therapists who are busy and note their information and when you called. There's a specific form for this.

* You find a private therapist that satisfies certain conditions (e.g. degree granted in Germany) that is a good fit for you, and your public insurance is obligated to pay for your care.

Here's a long guide on it:

https://www.bptk.de/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/2019-09_bptk_...

It’s for complicated reasons but I’ve been informed that’s not possible in my situation because I don’t speak German
I've been able to get a therapist appointment within a few days in the US.
I think the US has a stronger therapy culture. It reminds me of how in the US pain relief medicine is much more common, while in Germany a lot of people won’t even take paracetamol
Oh yeah definitely. In online US circles it often seems like almost every other person utilized therapy at some point, in Germany it’s pretty taboo, i.e. therapy is for the mentally ill. There are various euphemisms for totally-not-therapy therapy (e.g. coaching or supervision) in German because if you say you did or do therapy you instantly go in the loony bin.
Having worked in Germany's healthcare system, specifically in Hamburg, I can only see one trajectory. Worse. The policymakers are deeply corrupt and doing everything they can to squeeze more money out of patients.

You can book therapists online next week in the US, but they're not cheap.

> The policymakers are deeply corrupt and doing everything they can to squeeze more money out of patients.

The problem is more related to the problem of „fixed budgets“. Every health practitioner in Germany’s public health system receives a fixed quota of money per quarter. In regions with few doctors and therapists this means practitioners would operate on a loss if they accept too many patients. That’s why you wait forever for a doctor if you got bad luck.

It’s an effect similar to the case a private good is regulated to have a maximum price. This way politicians create a shortage of that good. You can have a public system where everybody is forced to have insurance (or receives welfare if one cannot afford it) but where healthcare prices are allowed to float more freely. But German policy makers rarely understand basic economics (or don’t care) — but they are acting on good intentions.

That being said: There was a time I needed to see a therapist (after getting through a divorce) and didn’t have any trouble finding a therapist around the corner within two weeks. Five hours were covered by public health care provider immediately, then the therapist had to write a proposal and another doctor had to sanction it as others described. The proposal was smoothly granted.

Bottom line: Your mileage varies in Germany.

It's actually not just because of that and it's not as simple as "it's just because of fixed budgets". The fundamental problem just like with most places there is in fact corruption(there is a lot to talk about here actually), and a decades long misunderstanding of basic economics. I.e. until 2019, which is when I finally gave up on it, most people in leadership for decades fundamentally disagree that it's unsustainable that the budget is not balanced. I.e. the money that comes into KV's from insurance and the money that is being paid to doctors is not balanced.

First of all the fixed budget don't apply for everything, there are budgeting hierarchies. Radiology for example is not limited at all. First radiologists get paid whichever amount they want.

Second, when migrants flooded the healthcare system the following happened:

- The political leadership of Germany had a meeting with the political leadership of the healthcare system

- Due to the lack of technical competence on the side of the political leadership of the healthcare system they threw the migrants into a special accounting bucket. I think it was 4, but I don't fully remember

- The accounting bucket was chosen mainly because the custom made accounting system had been built over decade and most of the knowledge about it is either retired or dead and no political leader wants to invest in changing it, because nobody wants to be responsible if there is a problem with doctor payouts for one quarter during a migration.

- The leadership of the KVs were too scared to touch their own accounting system and as a result searched for an accounting bracket to dump migrants in.

- The only two states that were competent enough to build their own that is easy to change were Schleswig-Holstein and Bavaria.

- The migrants are outside of fixed budgets due to the special status are in, meaning that if a German retiree goes to the doctor the second time at the end of the month the doctor is not paid, but if an asylum seeker goes 10 times the doctor gets paid in full 10 ten times. It creates an imbalance in who certain doctors would like to treat.

During one of the sessions with the policymakers in Hamburg the leadership openly said that they would like it to be more like the dentist situation, where only basic care is covered and the rest is paid in private.

You have to understand that German retirement money can be as low as 40% of your last working salary, which is extremely low for most people and it's the lowest of all of western Europe. Although I imagine that after this whole evaporating European wealth for Ukraine the situation might end up looking even worse in other places of Europe.

The whole situation is completely avoided, but the political leadership has been systematically blocking attempts at solving the technical challenges. They have inherited a system that was built for a completely different demographic of Germany decades ago and have refused to reform it, because they are extremely scared that they would lose the support of the doctors that elect them.

Yes, you can easily find a meeting for the same week (maybe same day) in the US. The downside is the better ones are picky about taking insurance (i.e. you might have to pay 40% yourself and then submit the bill to your insurance company to get reimbursed the 60%) because most insurance companies pay really low rates for mental health. From what I've heard Aetna is the best.
>>One thing that's very important in Germany when getting help is to never EVER say that you have suicidal thoughts. The moment you do that you slide into a bracket out of the social system that you can never get out of on your own. Any doctor or psychologist may now force you to take medication or put you in the asylum whenever they chose.

That is terrifying. Those medications are mediocre in the long-term. If you have a problem with a side-effect and they deem it trivial, you may be forced to take a medicine for life. Some of the alternative approaches to medicine are proving far superior for moderate level depressions (which can still be suicidal ideation).

It's as terrifying as it is wrong. Nobody ever forces you to take meds or being put into an "asylum". ESPECIALLY in Germany. I have no idea where this idea comes from but it is not true at all

Disclaimer: I have two very close friends and one relative who struggled with suicidal thoughts. None of them were put on meds against their will, or put into an "asylum". There was staionary therapy though, sometimes multiple ones, but not against their will

In a practical sense, is it not a similar case in US? The moment you are flagged in a hospital system as a suicide risk it follows you.
It's shocking that people write that kind of misinformation and it is upvoted so highly at the same time. The threshold to be forcibly put into a closed psychiatry ward is enormously high.
That last bit probably applies to most countries, not just Germany. Though keep in mind that’s a judicial process triggered by doctors and enforced by police, most people killed by police are in that “bracket” and nobody gives a flying fuck about it.
Sorry, but the last bit is complete and utter bollocks. Never, ever don't mention this. Please delete this dangerous misinformation that might keep people from looking for help in times of need.
Parent appears to be giving a practical suggestion on how to literally survive in a society. If it is true that it flags you, then why would you qualify it as misinformation? For the record, I have almost no knowledge of how Germany healthcare works in that regard.
There is no flagging. Who should flag you, and where? I know quite some people that were in these situations, no one experienced any such consequences.
Regarding the last point, that's shooting pretty low imo. Definitely a range of women out there between 25-35 who might be a catch, you just don't want to be desperate first.
I mean I don't know why people keep saying it's too late to have kids if you're 43. You could have a 20 year old by age 65, which is the time you could retire and have them move out after they get a job.
Not sure why you've been downvoted. This is absolutely true.

I would however be careful equating having kids to being successful in life. At best, they can be a joy to have. At worst, they can be little sources of chaos and stress that you can pass your own worst traits to.

Can't you deselect your worst traits with IVF?
You could carefully choose an egg donor and a sperm donor who don't exhibit your bad traits. And then pay for someone else to raise the child. Dodge nature and nurture
I had my child at 45. I recommend earlier if you can but in my case it’s been amazing.
How do u find a therapist? I’m a bit weary to discuss super personal things with someone I don’t know even if they’re a professional.

How can I find someone I trust and is actually good? Not like the movies where the clock is up and ok next issue.

My work offers a mental health service but I’ve looked at their TOS and no thanks.

Sometimes I feel like just suspending the world background process and being still would be nice. But I don’t have sudo.

I used TherapyDen to find the only therapist I saw (so I'm no expert). But lots of therapists there have videos so you get a sense of who they are and what they focus on. I did enjoy the therapist I ended up seeing for a year.

https://www.therapyden.com/

I've never been to a therapist but enjoyment is the opposite of what I imagine I need?
> How can I find someone I trust and is actually good? Not like the movies where the clock is up and ok next issue.

In reality, you don't really know the kind of people you'd trust to talk to in the first place, you don't really have an informed opinion. Just jump in feet-first, don't think about. You just need someone to talk to ASAP and any decent therapist is your first step. Just try it, there's nothing to lose whatsoever.

>> there's nothign to lose whatsoever.

Except hundreds or even thousands of dollars you may or may not have to pay the counselors until you find the right one. I don't mean to be discouraging anyone from getting help, but keep in mind the counselors are not fungible, and, at least in my experience, many of them are useless or just plain weird. (This is not to stereotype, just stating the reality.) I wish there was a way to prefilter them out, but it is such a subjective field and the treatment options are highly individualistic.

I would suggest any kind of community involvement with people you have an affinity for. In person, preferably. That brings on a set of new problems, but at least it will help get you out of yourself and away from too much navel-gazing.

If you are in the United States, the following is a good resource: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/therapists

Also, read through https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/basics/therapy/how-find-t...

I have found this to be a good, if somewhat unreliable way to find therapists. But it definitely is a real resource that shouldn't be sandbagged with downvotes.
And A decent therapist is better than an ideal one. Just getting started talking to someone is key.
It depends. If you're in a serious rut I seriously think a therapist could make it worse. You need the right fit who your brain is not going to dismiss the moment they open their mouth.
How would you find the right therapist in that situation?
that's the question, ain't it? Telling people to just suffer through terrible therapy probably ain't the answer
I think the question to ask is: is this therapist helping me or not? If not move on to another one.
What you're illustrating there is a self-perpetuating problem: the therapist I pick might not good, so I shouldn't talk to a therapist.

Starting to talk to someone is key; that gets the process rolling. Asking for help is the start, and after doing that if one doesn't get a satisfying answer, they can ask someone else. But if they never take that first step and try to ask, they've gone nowhere.

Indeed, the key concept is "good enough".
I found my therapist exactly like this and I have been with him for a few years. I was judicious with narrowing the search results and then further combed through each one meticulously. My wife tried 3 or 4 until she found one that clicked. I consider this list to be vastly superior to a better help etc. which I have never had luck with.
Just to add to the other comments: this is how I found my therapist after other sources failed. Everyone was too busy for a new patient, but I reached out to several from here and one of them said he had an opening for 40 minutes bi-weekly, starting at the end of the month. It was better than nothing (I’m serious, it was a huge boon!) so I took it.

I immediately told him I wanted more time, and within a couple of weeks, he had other openings in his calendar and we established a cadence that works much better for me.

All this to say that, psychology today is a legit resource that works, and just getting your foot in the door with any therapist is the most important thing you can do to get treatment. It’s not easy, but it can be done, and for me it has been worth it.

To add another vote to the pile, I found a good CBT couples therapist this way. A year later it’s worked out very well.
Seeing a bad therapist is worse than not seeing a therapist. I'd avoid online directories that are known to be gamed.

Seek referrals from real people in your area.

Try a few. Go see one, make it clear you’re looking around. If it isn’t working, say so and move on. They’re professionals, they get it.

You do have to be prepared to be vulnerable to some extent, but if they’re any good they’ll earn trust and develop a working relationship with you that is comfortable.

Source: multiple years of therapy. Definitely worth the effort and the cost.

Exactly this, a good therapist will focus the first session or two on fit, they want to make sure you both understand each other.

I will caveat by not knowing what country you are in and the norms there, so this is coming from a US centric approach.

Absolutely, and I'll add that if you don't like the therapist, keep looking. The quality of the relationship between you and the therapist has A LOT (the most?) to do with what you'll ultimately get out of it.

I remember it being really hard to know what I wanted from therapy the first time I did it which made choosing a therapist feel pretty overwhelming. Had to drop the first therapist I saw after a couple sessions because it wasn't for me (and a good therapist will tell you "you might want to seek out another therapist").

If you really want to, you can read about the different therapy methodologies that therapists commonly use, but as a first-timer I found that to be pretty overwhelming and just reading the therapists' descriptions of the kind of work they do and clients they typically work with ultimately more helpful in choosing someone I could work well with.

A good therapist (but maybe not a good match for you) will also recommend others they know that they believe are a better fit.
If you have a doctor, I would start there by asking that person if there is someone they would recommend. It may take a few attempts to find someone you're comfortable with. The first session or 2 will be around both of you figuring out if it's a good fit. It may not be. Most therapists have a bio describing their approach to their practice and their beliefs.

Remember, if you meet a therapist and you aren't feeling it isn't a good fit, that's ok. There is nothing wrong with you (or them), it's just not a good fit. Be honest in your feelings, and don't worry about disappointing anyone in the process. This is about you and what's best for you.

If you go by your GP's recommendation, do not think that if you don't get along with them, that you won't get along with other therapists, or that there's something wrong with you. My GP suggested someone in the same building, and they... were not great, for me. The therapist I found on my own (through looking at reviews and whatnot) was much better.
I have found online services to be OK when I was struggling with a difficult time. Mindbloom, Betterhelp, and Cerebral were fine for what they were. They got me through the first steps for a slight cost. After that, momentum builds. There's no silver bullet.
FWIW, my experiences with betterhelp were absolutely terrible. I had a therapist ghost me, and another one that would respond with answers so generic I would’ve been better off talking to a chatbot (I sort of suspect that’s what I was doing).
I am not surprised. I had to switch therapists a few times. Ultimately I started to remember my self care strategies and stopped seeing a therapist. Though the medicine is a big help.

I still believe that any therapist is better than none, because it forces you to do something, which will change the narrative from "it's hopeless" to " I'm working on it just haven't found the right match". That shift alone is worth the cost.

There is no harm in trying out therapists. Don't be afraid to fire them and find a new one. They shouldn't take it personally. Much of it is about fit and you need to find the right person for you.
The worst therapist I ever had referred me to the best therapist I ever had. If a therapist gives a shit about you, they'll help you find a better fit.
Find one specializing in CBT, or similar forms of therapy shown to be effective (3rd-wave CBT such as MCT). You can also just pick up a CBT workbook and do the exercises yourself. The only advantage a therapist has over this is "talking it out" - you should be capable of recognizing and correcting distorted negative thinking with a therapist guide / workbook. This is why online therapy has been growing in popularity, they just regurgitate the principles.

You can do this free of charge just by visiting the library, or finding pdfs online.

I know what CBT is (well, I mean, I've heard term) but what is MCT? Also, I would say that a (good) therapist is quite like a (good) coach/personal trainer - someone who keeps you accountable and committed to a course of treatment/training. Many people could probably do these things by themselves, but many others struggle to keep it up for one reason or other. As an analogue I had a couple of very bad PTs and then went to the gym with an experienced friend and felt very motivated as he encouraged me and helped me through rough spots. Made the most progress doing so. This is not to say going it alone is bad - you need to be able to sometimes.
> MCT

Metacognitive Therapy. Effectively, when dealing with persistent unwanted thoughts, it teaches you to let them pass without judgement / evoking response, and to divert your attention elsewhere. I find that this complements CBT well if one has already done the work of recognizing that some thoughts are unrealistic distortions. Proponents of MCT seem to bash CBT needlessly; they needn't be mutually exclusive, and at any rate, evidence suggests that CBT is generally effective (and there's a much larger body of it than for MCT).

> someone who keeps you accountable and committed to a course of treatment/training. Many people could probably do these things by themselves, but many others struggle to keep it up for one reason or other.

It depends on preference and self-efficacy, notwithstanding that intrinsic motivation is necessary whichever way. However, most people don't seem to realize that self-administration is an option, and walk away from the prospect of therapy entirely if they deem it too costly.

The other problem is, as with personal trainers, whether you'll have a good one is a roll of the dice. Trainers have a perverse incentive to divert people to use machines and away from compound movement exercises like deadlifts. Similarly, many therapists don't offer much insight or homework. And all the while you can leverage the most powerful approaches by yourself at zero cost.

Seeing a pro is still a decent heuristic, most people will want to avoid the labor of doing research which can be daunting, tiresome, and is a skill in itself. Pressing the "just tell me what to do, here's money" button is arguably more optimal depending on the circumstances.

>Metacognitive Therapy. Effectively, when dealing with persistent unwanted thoughts, it teaches you to let them pass without judgement / evoking response, and to divert your attention elsewhere. I find that this complements CBT well if one has already done the work of recognizing that some thoughts are unrealistic distortions. Proponents of MCT seem to bash CBT needlessly; they needn't be mutually exclusive, and at any rate, evidence suggests that CBT is generally effective (and there's a much larger body of it than for MCT).

Thanks for the explainer; I feel like I've heard of this modality before but not by name.

>The other problem is, as with personal trainers, whether you'll have a good one is a roll of the dice.

True, though at least there are some measure of professional standards in therapy that act as a heuristic - I don't know the situation in the States, but the 'standard' PT certification in Canada, the CanFitPro, has no educational requirement and can be achieved over a weekend in which you watch some videos, do a workshop, and write an hourlong exam. But yeah, as you said, intrinsic motivation is necessary.

> I’m a bit weary to discuss super personal things with someone I don’t know even if they’re a professional.

You don't have to unpack everything in the first session. Generally you want someone who is trying to build a one-on-one relationship with you where you feel comfortable doing this.

> Not like the movies where the clock is up and ok next issue.

I mean, all appointments end at a certain time and then you get up and leave.

> Sometimes I feel like just suspending the world background process and being still would be nice.

You could try meditation. I do both therapy and meditation.

> How do u find a therapist?

In Ireland, at least, you ask your doctor for a recommendation

Referral are probably best. Seek people in your area in that profession and just ask anyone if who'd they recommend.

You need to fix your brain. Spending 50% of your income/spendings for at least one year on therapy is the minimum you can do.

It is just like a broken leg you need to get it fixed you have no choice.

Therapy being limited to a scheduled window of time is a big part of how therapy works. You're paying a professional for their time.
> How can I find someone I trust and is actually good?

It's like dating. I think within the first 4-5 visits you'll know if someone is trustworthy and is giving you some insight. Note, they won't be able to give you the really great insights until you feel you can trust them, but they should be able to give you a couple of things to ponder / act upon even in the initial stages.

Katie Morton has some good videos on how to select a therapist and red flags to beware of.
Therapy can save your life.

The professional is there not to be a regular person to know, but someone to who you can emote and feel openly your hardest things you hold inside. This expression of those things makes them less haunting and distracting inside yourself. This technique does not necessarily fix your material problems, but it allows you to clear the way within you to take them on.

It is not for everyone, and it is worth a try when you are feeling hopeless.

There are lots of good online therapy things now. Although I’d recommend doing in person if you can because the latency of emotional exchange is much higher in the space of the world. Even still the online work can be hugely beneficial.

Even if your worldview has left you bereft, your body deserves a chance to reformulate your mind for this opportunity at existence.

Given OP's user name, I suppose he is in Germany right now. If you want to find a therapist, there's several ways:

1. Talk to your health insurance; they often have scheduling services

2. Talk to the Kassenärztlicher Bereitschaftsdienst of your state, e.g., Bavaria has this on offer: https://www.kvb.de/service/patienten/terminservicestelle/ter... If you don't know where to head to, call 116117. Easiest way.

3. Go to your GP - he can guide you through this or can forward you to a psychiatrist

4. Use the online service from the association of psychotherapists: https://www.psychotherapiesuche.de/pid/ersteschritte

If you have suicidal thoughts, search for a local Krisendienst Psychiatrie (https://duckduckgo.com/?t=ffab&q=krisendienst+psychiatrie&ia...), they can help you immediately.

The most important thing that OP has to learn is that he is not alone, there are professionals out there that can help you. But you have to make the first step.

In Germany, if you have public insurance and your GP prescribe therapy to you, but all public therapists are fully booked, you can take sessions with a private therapist and the public insurance is obligated to cover you.

Here is a good (long) guide in English: https://www.bptk.de/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/2019-09_bptk_...

This is true, that's how I'm getting therapy right now. I was scared this was too much paperwork for me at first, but my therapist explained that I basically needed to only do three things:

  (1) go to a GP (Hausarzt) and explain my situation so they fill up a report and confirm that the issue is indeed psychological and not physical,  

  (2) go to a therapist that works with public insurance so they can write another report, your therapist might refer you to one of his/her colleagues, and  

  (3) email five therapists that work with public insurance and ask them how long their waiting list is. They likely will all tell you it's longer than 3 months, which is what you need to hear.  
You basically send this stuff to your insurance company and they deal with the rest.
My SO is a therapist. Something to keep in mind: Many quality therapists have stopped taking insurance due to the influx of folks seeking care coupled w/ insurance tightening what they pay out.

I'm certain there are plenty of good therapists who will take their time with you at the discount implied by insurance, but you're more likely to get that experience if you're paying full rate.

Or sometimes they don't submit on your behalf, so you have to do the paperwork to submit to your insurance for whatever amount your insurance reimburses, depending on your plan.
I've had several. The best one I had was a life coach without all the standard creds. The next-best one was in a hospital (outpatient) group therapy program that taught CBT.

Keep an open mind, but... it takes looking. I've had therapists with all the right degrees who were... meh. Well-meaning, but just not that good at it.

Unfortunately, this isn't a zero-effort path. You have to look, and fire therapists who aren't doing what you need.

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If you live in a metro area, look for hospitals that run CBT/DBT/group therapy sessions. That's another way to get started. If you have insurance, that helps.

If you don't have insurance, consider looking at your background and find a 12-step program that fits. ACA (adult children of alcoholics, but it also considers family dysfunction) is one example. It doesn't benefit from having a trained therapist, but it's effectively free group therapy.

First of all don't suspend your background processes with sudo, that is only going to prevent the money from coming in everyday... then you've got Google maps you can type in social worker near me or psychiatrist near me or behavioral health near me and it will point you in the right direction.....
i found my therapist via a therapy app, which we both left long ago. Apps like BetterHelp and TalkSpace can be very hit and miss, but they're a place to start, and can serve as good matchmaking services.

Be prepared to pay out of pocket, my insurance pays about half of what my sessions cost. You get what you pay for. You don't want a therapist who is stretched too thin, overworked, or financially struggling themselves.

Also, ask friends and family, you may know more people in therapy than you realize, and talking about MH with people you know is incredibly helpful.

If you have a good PCP, ask them for a referral both to a therapist, and consider an IOP - an Intensive Outpatient Program. When you're trying to get out of crisis, it can be helpful to have more than just a weekly or biweekly session. I am in such a program now, it includes group therapy every day (I can choose which groups) and more intensive individual therapy and case management.

The particular program I am in also does ketamine therapy, which can help to rewire your neuropathways so that behavioral changes are more permanent. There are some online programs - Better U and Mindbloom come up in a quick search - which will offer this and other IOP-like services remotely, though I'm not sure how they compare to traditional IOP.

Above all, seeking help in any way that you can will make you feel better and I am personally proud of you for coming and asking a bunch of strangers for help. It shows a readiness to take on your challenges.

Good luck on your journey! <3

>Sometimes I feel like just suspending the world background process and being still would be nice. But I don’t have sudo.

You absolutely can do this if you go on a meditation retreat. I went to https://www.dhamma.org/en-US/courses/search though I am sure you can find other schools of meditation. My experience was that you are not allowed to talk for the duration of the course and just focus on breathing & meditation (10 days in my case). It brought a great deal of calm and focus into my life.

Unfortunately finding a therapist in Germany is near impossible even in a big city, I’ve been on the waiting list for almost a year now with no sign of end and I live in Hamburg which is one of the richest cities in Germany
Could you try one of the remote services like Better Help? (I have no idea if they have good therapists, I just see their name a lot lately).
I didn’t want to but I might have to
I do not recommend remote therapy one bit.
Why?
Maybe for minor things it's good. But for depression and serious mental issues absolutely not.

For example you can't do analysis without being physically present with your doctor [1].

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis is pretty much discredited as a scientific discipline, nowadays.

There's also a lot of evidence of remote therapy being just as effective as in-person therapy.

Citation needed. Psychoanalysis is widely practiced and it’s efficacy has been repeatedly scientifically demonstrated.
> Citation needed.

Sure, I will cite the Wikipedia page on Psychoanalysis, which itself has many citations which you can follow:

1. "Psychoanalysis is a controversial discipline, and its effectiveness as a treatment has been contested"

2. "Linguist Noam Chomsky has criticized psychoanalysis for lacking a scientific basis."

3. "Evolutionary biologist Stephen Jay Gould considered psychoanalysis influenced by pseudoscientific theories such as recapitulation theory."

4. "Psychologists Hans Eysenck, John F. Kihlstrom and others have also criticized the field as pseudoscience."

5. "Philosopher Frank Cioffi cites false claims of a sound scientific verification of the theory and its elements as the strongest basis for classifying the work of Freud and his school as pseudoscience."

6. "Karl Popper argued that psychoanalysis is a pseudoscience because its claims are not testable and cannot be refuted; that is, they are not falsifiable:

....those "clinical observations" which analysts naively believe confirm their theory cannot do this any more than the daily confirmations which astrologers find in their practice. And as for Freud's epic of the Ego, the Super-ego, and the Id, no substantially stronger claim to scientific status can be made for it than for Homer's collected stories from the Olympus."

7. "Imre Lakatos wrote that "Freudians have been nonplussed by Popper's basic challenge concerning scientific honesty. Indeed, they have refused to specify experimental conditions under which they would give up their basic assumptions.""

8. "Scruton nevertheless concluded that psychoanalysis is not genuinely scientific, on the grounds that it involves an unacceptable dependence on metaphor."

9. "The philosopher and physicist Mario Bunge argued that psychoanalysis is a pseudoscience because it violates the ontology and methodology inherent to science. According to Bunge, most psychoanalytic theories are either untestable or unsupported by evidence."

10. "Cognitive scientists, in particular, have also weighed in. Martin Seligman, a prominent academic in positive psychology, wrote that:

Thirty years ago, the cognitive revolution in psychology overthrew both Freud and the behaviorists, at least in academia.… The imperialistic Freudian view claims that emotion always drives thought, while the imperialistic cognitive view claims that thought always drives emotion. The evidence, however, is that each drives the other at times."

11. "Historian Henri Ellenberger, who researched the history of Freud, Jung, Adler, and Janet, while writing his book The Discovery of the Unconscious: The History and Evolution of Dynamic Psychiatry, argued that psychoanalysis was not scientific on the grounds of both its methodology and social structure:

Psychoanalysis, is it a science? It does not meet the criteria (unified science, defined domain and methodology). It corresponds to the traits of a philosophical sect (closed organisation, highly personal initiation, a doctrine which is changeable but defined by its official adoption, cult and legend of the founder)."

12. "Richard Feynman wrote off psychoanalysts as mere "witch doctors""

13. "Likewise, psychiatrist E. Fuller Torrey, in Witchdoctors and Psychiatrists (1986), agreed that psychoanalytic theories have no more scientific basis than the theories of traditional native healers, "witchdoctors" or modern "cult" alternatives such as EST."

14. "Psychologist Alice Miller charged psychoanalysis with being similar to the poisonous pedagogies"

15. "Psychologist Joel Kupfersmid investigated the validity of the Oedipus complex, examining its nature and origins. He concluded that there is little evidence to support the existence of the Oedipus complex."

> Psychoanalysis is widely practiced

Astrology is widely practiced as well. Doesn't mean it's s...

I have to be honest, none of those are particularly convincing, and spamming a bunch of disconnected quotes from a Wikipedia page isn’t a great argument
> I have to be honest, none of those are particularly convincing, and spamming a bunch of disconnected quotes from a Wikipedia page isn’t a great argument

It was not an argument. It was an answer to the parent poster which requested a citation. Which is why I gave him citations.

And if such a large list of citations from many experts in the fields of psychology, psychiatry, philosophy, history, cognitive science, etc, including many scientists and hell, even (at least) one Nobel prize winner, doesn't convince you... then I'm sorry to tell you this, but I don't think there could be anything that would convince you.

And I'm not sure why you think that you are more qualified than all of them to judge this.

I would be much more convinced by a modern meta analysis

The problem is that I’m a physicist so I see a wiki page with a bunch of quotes from people of all disciplines including a physicist who was famously a huge sceptic of psychiatry and I think of all the physics pages that have all these “opinions” that are wrong

Very few of those quotes mention evidence of outcomes of psychoanalysis but only mention very specific parts of it being questionable. I think you’re jumping the gun a bit. Don’t worry, that’s very common among people who are newer to science

> I would be much more convinced by a modern meta analysis

There are many modern meta analysis assessing the (in)efficacy of psychoanalysis and comparing it to other approaches, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (which is the gold standard nowadays) and other approaches, which back my arguments.

I am not really interested in going more deeply about this, but I encourage you to research it, if you are interested. There is a lot of research about this.

And by the way, I am sure that you can also find meta analysis which will tell you that psychoanalysis works. This does not mean that it is necessarily true (or at least, not for the reasons that people think it is true), for various reasons, some of which I'm sure you can deduce.

The problems with psychoanalysis are not just about its (substandard) efficacy. There are many other troubling issues with this practice.

This is why it is important to follow a field of study and what current scientists, field practicioners/experts and academics know (from various disciplines and fields of study, in order to get a consensus as best as possible), and not just read some isolated meta analysis and extrapolate conclusions from it.

> I think you’re jumping the gun a bit.

I think what I'm talking about is pretty well established at this point, it's not news for someone who works in this field.

I suggest you do more research before arguing about a field you don't seem knowledgeable about.

You are no more knowledgeable than me. You just quoted the wiki page lol
I quoted the wiki page because the parent poster requested citations.

It has no relevance with regards to my knowledge.

What meta analysis shows the inefficacy of psychoanalysis? Despite being apparently on the side of science, you didn’t bother to cite any actual science. Ironic
> What meta analysis shows the inefficacy of psychoanalysis? Despite being apparently on the side of science, you didn’t bother to cite any actual science. Ironic

Look, if you are so interested in this, why don't you do the research yourself?

I literally just googled "meta-analysis psychoanalysis" and the very first link that came up [1] was, surprisingly, a meta-analysis about psychoanalysis which concluded the abstract with the following phrase:

"In contrast to previous reviews, we found the evidence for the effectiveness of LTPP [long-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy] to be limited and at best conflicting."

I'm not interested in wasting more of my time on this topic, so don't expect any more replies.

[1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22227111/

Here’s a study from a month or two ago (10 years after your meta analysis) with n=216 and long term follow up showing (high, increasing) efficacy. You seem confused about the conclusions there, that doesn’t discredit psychoanalysis, it encourages further study. And here is further study. You should try to be more rigorous in your thinking.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9710086/

See, this is exactly why I didn't want to cite any particular study or analysis.

I knew this was going to turn into this pointless debate.

I even mentioned it in my parent comment that you can always find some study which says the opposite of what I'm saying. That does not refute what I said and it is not how science works.

You have to analyze a bunch of evidence, from many studies and meta-studies together as a whole, you can't just pick and choose the studies that are more convenient to you.

Not to mention that you asked me to cite a meta-analysis (which I did) and then you counter-act with a single study about a single trial.

So here's the thing: I am not interested in you citing me any study or meta-analysis. As I said before, I'm not interested in continuing this discussion.

I was just arguing what I know about this topic and what I've learned from experts (in psychology and methodology, mostly) and my own research.

You can feel free to ignore me or to continue arguing, but I'm not going to answer anymore.

I don't have a horse in this race and I don't want to waste any more of my time.

You claimed psychoanalysis is discredited. You are wrong, and I proved you wrong. Is the debate about its scientific status ongoing? Yes. But you were foolish with your words, and should retract them.
The study you linked is for specific narrow treatment techniques in intensive inpatient psychotherapy, as compared with more typical psychotherapy treatment in the community for people on the waitlist.

There are a handful of problems I can think of for using a waitlist in the community receiving traditional psychotherapy as a control for a group receiving intensive inpatient treatment.

But the article you linked does not support your point in the context of this discussion.

It proves psychoanalysis is not discredited.
It doesn’t. It only proves there are still people trying to continue their careers in a field they have deeply invested in, in training, education, clientele, and professional network.
Yes it does because it demonstrates its effectiveness. How can an effective discipline be scientifically discredited?
It does not demonstrate the effectiveness of psychiatric treatment by any reasonable standard.

The control group is corrupted, the control-treatment pairs for comparison were selected by the researchers, and the provided “psychiatric treatment” includes

> In addition to weekly individual sessions the inpatient program at both groups contained two 75 min group sessions each week. In addition, VITA had shorter group meetings each morning (15 minutes). Patients in both treatments participated in two physical exercise sessions per week, weekly psycho-educational lectures and art-therapy groups, and both groups finish each week with end of the week status groups. On average, patients in both treatments received seven sessions of therapeutic activity each week.

“Both treatments” here is not control and treatment but both intensive treatments.

You can get large effects in almost everything by completely changing a person’s experiential environment from their prior environment, which is what they did here. In addition to everything listed, their sleeping conditions, diet, daily routine, and social environment were probably dramatically changed, although the researchers didn’t record that so we can’t know.

It’s impossible to tell if the actual psychiatric interventions were effective. This fact, though, is particularly damning as to the efficacy of the actual treatments provided:

>The analysis also showed minimal differences between the two intensive inpatient treatments, suggesting that the differences in effect may not be due to the theoretical rationale within the inpatient treatment but rather the treatment context.

There were no significant differences between two very different treatment modalities. This essentially admits that “something else” and not the psychiatric treatments were responsible for the uptick. My guess is regular schedule, connecting with people (community formation) and mattering to someone, none of which do you get from psychiatric treatments.

The very same Wikipedia article cited at the top of this thread includes links to several meta analyses demonstrating psychoanalysis’ effectiveness. The evidence is not conclusive, because it is apparently difficult to study psychoanalysis, but it falls on the side of it being effective.

Very far from discredited, as you seem to want to claim (with no evidence). Difficult to study != disproven

I wonder what this person thinks of SSRIs if they think what they’ve shown proves that psychoanalysis is discredited
SSRIs were demonstrated using medical science. The study referenced here is hot garbage, and I’m not excited to spend my day digging for counterfactuals in meta-analyses of questionable science.

The reproducibility of the studies feeding into the meta analysis is less than 50/50. Why bother to perform a meta-analysis on noise? The fact that people do tells you a lot about the state of psychiatry as a science.

I’m not claiming it is discredited, but you seem to think that it must be either discredited or proven.

My position is that the extended difficulty over the past hundred years in supporting it scientifically means it is in essence not a science. It is too complex to measure using these means and so science in pursuit of “proving the efficiency of psychiatric treatments” where psychiatric treatments are anything more than medications is largely a waste of time and effort, and will remain so until or unless we develop better methods of addressing complexity in a rigorous way.

That seems like a reasonable position to me. I’m mostly here because psychoanalysis gets an unfair rep. People say it’s not science or it’s discredited and they mean that it’s junk, but it is not junk, and there is no reason to think so.
>There are many other troubling issues with this practice.

Which? Serious question!

> > There are many other troubling issues with this practice.

> Which? Serious question!

Ok, well, the thing is, I'm not an expert in psychology/psychotherapy, so you shouldn't trust me.

But if you'd like to find out more, here are some avenues that I suggest you dig into. They are based on conversations I had with a psychologist that I know but it's been many years and therefore I could be wrong about almost all (if not all) of this (or at least, misremembering):

1. If I remember correctly, psychoanalysis encourages a long form of therapy in a way that may not be in the best interests of the client. It is fine to have long therapies when needed, but it is not OK to extend a therapy longer than it is necessary to deal with the demands of the client and/or any other relevant and substantial issues that might come up during therapy.

Many would argue that psychotherapy should be about dealing with the issues at hand and what's preventing you from achieving your goals, in an efficient and practical way, not going on and on infinitely about exploring your infancy and your past while the weeks, months and years go by and the dollars fly away from your wallet to the therapist's wallet.

2. Psychoanalysis may also encourage finding (some would argue manufacturing) "issues" and "traumas" that have nothing to do with the problems that the client was having and may only serve to cause additional and unnecessary emotional suffering, besides all the problems that the client was already having when he decided to go into therapy. In extreme cases, this may even lead to implanting false memories of traumas.

3. Psychoanalysts may also tend to (inadvertently or "advertently") inflict and/or encourage emotional dependence between the client and the therapist, in a way that is not healthy, desirable nor in the best interests of the client.

4. The above issues may all feed into and magnify each other.

I am sure there were more issues that I've discussed, but I simply can't remember.

Note that I'm not saying that all psychoanalyst practitioners fall into the above traps, or that practitioners of other forms of psychotherapy don't, I'm only suggesting that psychoanalysis is more prone to the above issues than other forms of psychotherapy that are usually considered more scientific (like CBT).

And once again, please take all of the above with a huge grain of salt and don't trust me. I'm not an expert and I could be completely wrong and/or misremembering the above issues. So I encourage you to do your own research.

Chomsky? He's a linguist, what does that have to do with Psychoanalysis?

Feynman? He's a physicist, what does that have to do with Psychoanalysis?

...

This list very much sounds like something the marketing team of an online therapy startup would put together and post to Wikipedia and tell their colleagues to contribute to.

> Chomsky? He's a linguist, what does that have to do with Psychoanalysis?

He's also a philosopher, historian and cognitive scientist. He has received a Membership of the National Academy of Sciences (which is an award given to scientists), a Kyoto prize in Basic Sciences, a medal from a German academy of science, an American Psychology Association Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions to Psychology, etc.

These are relevant areas and merits with regards to judging whether a discipline is scientific or pseudo-scientific.

> Feynman? He's a physicist, what does that have to do with Psychoanalysis?

He is one of the most famous scientists in the world, had an extremely significant scientific career, won a Nobel prize in a scientific area and a National Medal of Science.

If you don't know why such a person would be extremely qualified to distinguish a scientific discipline from a pseudo-scientific one, I'm deeply sorry for you.

Also, don't ignore all the other experts in the fields of psychology, psychiatry, cognitive science, philosophy, history, etc. who arrived at the same conclusion.

Although, I am interested in knowing why you think that you are more qualified than these people to judge whether a discipline is scientific or not.

> Although, I am interested in knowing why you think that you are more qualified than these people to judge whether a discipline is scientific or not.

Because this doesn't pass the smell test.

You can always provide positive evidence for existence of something if you find a hole in provided evidence then you should then be extra careful believing the hypothesis. Or in Black Swan lingo skeptical empiricism.

As a postdoc in physics, Feynman barely holds any authority when it comes to physics subjects, let alone on psychoanalysis. You seem like the kind of person who is very susceptible to science misinformation. Too deferent to experts in a way that you don’t understand. It seems like you have switched your critical thinking off and are incredulous that others have not followed your example. Your lack of ability to even slightly justify your argument, instead going off on strange tangents about Nobel prizes is proof of this

If you actually had some relevant information you would post it immediately, because that is in your interest in this discussion

Good luck…

> For example you can't do analysis without being physically present with your doctor

Why not?

I don't think the basic talk therapy apps are very helpful, mostly because they have a lot of low quality therapists and matching is terrible. But I disagree with remote being inherently bad (especially compared to a year+ wait). I'd encourage OP to see if they can access any university trials for remote CBT apps. I'm aware of studies that showed promising results in the recent past but I don't know what became of any of them since COVID (which really should've catalyzed this sort of thing).
Also living in Hamburg. Have you tried 116117.app to at least get a first appointment? I got lists and lists full of phone numbers, always got rejected or waitlisted, but found a therapist quite quickly near me using this first talk. Nobody told me about this, had to search a lot. I hope this helps.
Getting the first appointment was easy, it’s the follow up treatment that has the extremely long waiting list

Many will offer a first appointment for preliminary diagnosis and to check if they can help you, but then you are put onto the waiting list

A six month series of weekly sessions with a Cognitive Behavioral Therapist had a transformative impact in my life. He helped me see some of the actions I was doing more clearly and helped me develop the skills to change. In our sessions we focused on one small part of my life, but I’ve felt the impact quite broadly and still think of him and those conversations regularly, especially when I am struggling. I have at times seen other therapists with less helpful results, so it’s with finding the one that fits for you.

I don’t believe any life is past its time. We all follow our own twisting paths, and it is an easier path when we don’t have to face it all alone.

I'm sorry but how is this helpful? Even if you're actively employed that's a tough cost-benefit decision.
Literally there is no greater cost than not being able to live/earn a living/achieve any of your goals.

So of course the cost is worth it.

A therapist is helpful but I would also suggest seeing a psychiatrist.

Clinical depression and mood issues need to be treated with medication. I would recommend finding a psychiatrist and get a referral for therapist from them if you are able to. You would be able to work together with both medication and theraphy to get better. It will take bit of a time to get better but don't be discouraged, OP. Progress will be slow and many goals you might think of may seem unachievable so it's very important you plan small steps and follow through them.

If theraphy is cost prohibited or have long waiting line in your country, from what I know of OP's situation - I recommend getting online sessions from therapist in other English speaking countries who might be cheaper locally.

Please refrain from comments that could put people in danger. It is at best careless to say to someone with possible depression therapy may not be the answer.
I have not suggested that. I strongly suggest trying theraphy above. The point of my comment is to also strongly consider theraphy with a medical practioner who will be able to help you using medication or diagnose any issues that a therapist cannot.

A therapist isn't qualified to make any diagnosis or prescribe tests and medication.

But therapy might not be the answer. It's never wrong to speak truth.

It might very well be the answer, also.

OP is not asking for platitudes, he's asking for actual help, which is by necessity rooted in reality.

> Clinical depression and mood issues need to be treated with medication.

How to know someone is American before they even mention "other English speaking countries"

Need is not the right word because it depends on the person. Some can get better with the right therapy alone. Others don't even respond to therapy + meds but might improve with more invasive neurological interventions.

But there are certainly people in our present world who do need meds to get out of the depression hole. There are people that do not respond to therapy alone but do respond to meds with therapy.

I don't think there's anything wrong with your comment, indeed the statement you're quoting is extreme. But I think HN has the tendency to go too far to the other extreme. At the end of the day, clinical depression is very heterogeneous. You need to do what works best for you.

Btw in case it isn't clear how meds are supposed to work in practice - medication for depression is not something you just pop and forget about. Any reputable psychiatrist will include therapy as part of the initial treatment plan, they don't just write a prescription and send you away.

Yes bad clinicians exist, but I think the pill popping trope for psych is way less common than people assume. Perhaps part of the source of this stigma is the role of the general practitioner. It is not uncommon to see random non-psychiatrist MDs prescribing SSRIs or stimulants, and in those cases it's a lot less likely the corresponding behavioral therapy is happening.

Anyway, medication is an absolute life saver for those people who need help in making the behavioral changes to begin with. There is a large body of studies at this point showing that simultaneous meds and therapy can improve depression symptoms more than the sum of their parts. Gold standard practice is to try tapering off of meds after the course of therapy, and more often than not the symptom improvements persist.

OP should get a professional opinion specific to his situation. He shouldn't go with the intention of seeking meds, but they should be something he inquires about. Some of the sibling comments here are acting like needing meds is a lack of will power, which is just as unhelpful as indiscriminately pushing meds.

Please don't take HN threads into nationalistic flamewar. There could be an interesting point to make about how different countries and cultures approach mental illness, but snark and internet tropes are exactly the wrong way to do it.

The HN guidelines include: "Don't be snarky." "Eschew flamebait." "Omit internet tropes."

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html

I can understand why you find that offensive. But there are a lot of offensive things, or things that someone finds offensive, floating around—for this reason, we're all responsible for metabolizing those reactions in ourselves rather than venting them into the commons. It's the only way to prevent discussion quality from further declining.

Of course, you would have been welcome to post a thoughtful, neutral reply questioning whether medication is needed for that, and explaining why. In such a comment, it might be natural to mention that where you live, attitudes toward this are very different, etc. Although these topics are divisive and intense, there's no intrinsic reason why they need to become flamewars.

Re your second question, I don't think it's a problem for people to share their experiences and viewpoints, especially on issues that touch nearly everyone, and I don't think doing that really counts as "medical advice". There's no implicit claim to authority in an internet forum comment; on the contrary, readers all know to add an implicit "This is just an internet comment" disclaimer.

HN is basically an internet watercooler, a place for conversation, finding common ground, and so on. We trust readers to be smart enough to make up their own minds.

I expanded on my original comment here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34064524

Perhaps change [1] clinical to chronic or need to may. It come off strongly than I intended.

> Depression ranges in seriousness from mild, temporary episodes of sadness to severe, persistent depression. Clinical depression is the more-severe form of depression, also known as major depression or major depressive disorder.

I certainly didn't mean to imply everyone with depression should default to any depression related medication.

1] https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/ex...

Ok now look up anti depressant intake levels in europe.
I'm sorry I made you feel that way.

I didn't mean to say everyone feeling depressed should take medication as the default solution.

When I prefixed "clinical" above, I wanted to imply persistent and chronically present issues.

Any decent psychiatrist will not prescribe you medication unless you absolutely require it and will run multiple tests ruling out heart problems, blood pressure issues, thyroid, liver, and many more. A therapist isn't qualified to run and test for alternative medical issues which may manifest as above.

This is why I really wanted to assert that seeing a psychiatrist or medical practioner is important first step.

You may have persistent depression due to unrelated medical issues which may need medication.

Chronic health issues often have a persistent medical cause but not always.

You're absolutely right that a therapy isn't THE solution to depression but I feel like it's a good starting point. A good therapist should be able to recognize if OP should be seeing a psychiatrist who then can prescribe the appropriate medication for managing his/her condition.
A halfway decent psychiatrist will also handle therapist referral. I don't see any issue with seeing a psychiatrist first, it's not like they just automatically hand out a prescription. It's actually way more common to see GPs do that for depression in the US.

That said, OP should probably look into both himself, see what the wait time and cost differences are between the two routes in his area.

One possibly significant difference is that psychiatrists tend to charge a lot more.
In my experience, learning proper coping mechanisms, finding new hobbies, getting better sleep, better diet, getting enough exercise, making sure your vitamin levels are in line, were all much more effective than medication. Medication actually made feel worse and more trapped, and I've taken almost every single antidepressant that can be prescribed.

What worked for me will not work for everyone. It's important to try everything that you can and see what works best for you. For me, medication was not the answer.

It's certainly a journey. I recommend checking with both for this reason. If one isn't working out, you would be able to tell which you respond to better. Medication also often take time to work and may need to go through months of experimentation if common prescription do not help. In the meantime, theraphy can act as a strong force in improving your life and vice versa.
100% second that.

Psychiatrists are real doctors with scientific, comprehensive, rigid education in STEM.

Last thing you want is a pseudo PhD from Berkeley who majored in psychology and studied "human rights" as her thesis.

Just keep in mind that therapists are vastly overrated and are designed to help you accept where you are.
Oh well, accepting who you are helps end a lot of internal struggles which leaves you with a bit of leftover bandwidth to improve ones life and enjoy small bits of it. What is wrong with that? If one goes to therapy with the expectation of becoming a complete different person they’d be sorely dissapointed.

Therapy can solve other issues too but one should first accept who they are

That's not anything to keep in mind at all. There are many different kinds of therapies and therapists. Lumping them together and writing them off is brutal and insensitive.

People need help understanding how to live. Therapists are trained to do that. Some of them are good at it, and some are bad at it.

But telling someone who is in need of structured introspection and practical cognitive and behavioral techniques to NOT go to a therapist is really pretty horrible.

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I don't think you're wrong, but it's worth mentioning that you can't outlook-change your way out of having executive dysfunction. Recognizing the problem is the first step, but getting help comes soon after.
Yes, I read this and was thinking therapy from the start. I was never against therapy but finally pulled through and my mood and outlook have improved dramatically over the past six months thanks to my weekly therapy sessions.

OP’s username seems somewhat German so I would cordially invite OP to make use of our pretty decent Krankenkasse system that makes it a relative breeze to get therapy sessions. Shop around if you don’t vibe with your therapist.

100% to the above and I would look specifically for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy which specializes in treating distorted thinking. It rescued me from my early thirties and I haven’t been depressed since. Our brains are wired to generate stories and narratives around everything, we can’t help it, and sometimes those narratives are distorted but cause damage and like a scab, we keep reinforcing and picking at them. Learning to recognize when you’re doing this and to stop is a skill like riding a bike, and a good therapist can help. Group therapy also helps because you can see other people going into these catastrophic narratives that look absurd to you and give you an idea of some of the same distortions you might be imagining.

Then other thing is, no matter how smart you are, you can’t debug yourself, you need other people. If you have a distorted negative feeling of yourself, then when you try to fix yourself, you’ll be more inclined to feel something isn’t working or you are doomed the first time you hit a roadblock or relapse.

And ultimately sometimes medication can help you get through the initial hurdle of such negativity, another reason you need to see a professional to evaluate this.

Go check out YouTube and Wikipedia for some cognitive behavioral therapy sources to see if it might fit.

Second the advice for Cognitive Behavorial Therapy, looks like the best fit in this case.
Another vote for CBT. CBT has made a big difference for me, helping me to find my way out of some very negative patterns of thinking, and allowing me to feel real joy, despite a number of ongoing difficult circumstances in my life. I'd recommend it to just about anyone, at any age.

I didn't go through CBT with a therapist. I just read the first few chapters of The Feeling Good Handbook, then tried to establish a habit of confronting my negative feelings, and the thoughts that were feeding them by identifying the distortions in those thoughts.

YMMV, but it may be worth a try.

CBT helped debug my thinking in very analogous circumstances to OP (30+, hit hard by events in life plus somewhat traumatic past), warm recommendation as well.
> Then other thing is, no matter how smart you are, you can’t debug yourself, you need other people.

This is very true, and not always realized.

Another way I heard it said which is easy to remember: "You can't read the label from inside the bottle."

“Dr. Rosen: You can't reason your way out of this!

John Forbes Nash: Why not? Why can't I?

Dr. Rosen: Because your mind is where your problem is in the first place!”

- 'A Beautiful Mind'.

An alternative to CBT that you might want to consider is Internal Family Systems. I find it to be a more holistic and compassionate form of therapy that respects your entire internal system.

Sometimes we have internal parts that need love and care more than they need lecturing on cognitive distortions.

CBT is effective for many people which is great, but there are other options.

CBT didn't really work for me, but I have found IFS to be a bit more useful, as well as another framework called ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy).

Personally, I found it helpful to read some of the books on these and related concepts, as a supplement to therapy. Also, it can be a frustratingly slow journey.

Just seconding IFS. It has been a dramatically useful tool for someone very close to me.
People always leave out recommending medication. It is most effective to have medication and therapy.
"See a therapist" almost seems condescending even to average people with average jobs.

Did you read the bit about $25K in savings? Or the part about there are "no mental health facilities in the small town where I live"? How's he afford a therapist, time or money wise?

> Or the part about There are "no mental health facilities in the small town where I live"

HN is hugely biased towards people who live in cities. A lot of the posters simply do not understand how a lot of us outside the cities live, and the resources they take for granted that we don't have access to.

For me the drive to the nearest therapist is measured not in minutes, but hours. That's impossible for someone who has to work full time.

There are telehealth options now and while thay arent uiversal or a cure all, it expands the scope of possibility
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> a kid who had a unknown behavior problems they said was autism,

Curious to know how that shook out. Did they get a different diagnosis eventually? Did anything in particular help?

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With every passing day, I am becoming more bitter, angry and disillusioned. I don't want to live like this anymore, but I don't know how to even _start_ thinking of ways to get myself out of this hole.

The parent comment about therapy is correct (I regret not getting some myself), but I wanted to address this line directly.

I was stuck being overwhelmed from 2003 to 2019 after the death of a friend, because I had a spiritual awakening but denied it. I tried to satisfy my ego and win the internet lottery and gain external recognition of success which never came. So I lost the better part of 2 decades just going through the motions, utterly exhausted.

I had another spiritual awakening climbing out of burnout and surviving through the pandemic. This time I watched the world wrestle with every existential truth that I had suspected but which had been suppressed by the might of economics steamrolling everyone until that point.

Now I feel that reality is akin to a dream, or at least a Matrix like the movie. There are logical rules we must follow on the micro scale in the day to day where we push atoms around for income. But on the macro scale, it's more like the universe reads our mind and lays a path for us to follow whose main goal is to put us through the wringer for our spiritual growth. That can be as painful or as effortless as we choose. Western culture has no real description for this outside of religion, so all but denies its existence. But it's deeply connected with karma/sin and how we've integrated our shadow self with our outward existence.

Basically the stories I had told myself for most of my life were no longer enough to sustain me. My inner monologue had became toxic like the line above, a false exaltation to cling to when I couldn't face the road ahead of me. Here is an alternative way to write the same sentiment:

I was struggling for a long time but am grateful for the lessons that pain has taught me, even though I can't continue to cling to that pain any longer.

I found that most of the code in my brain had been co-opted by negative self-talk, to the point where it no longer worked and I lost my executive function. It was like I had a stroke and the part of my brain that controlled motivation was no longer there, or worse, actively talked me down from starting any task. I believe now that my subconscious intervened and broke the negative feedback cycle I was trapped in where the harder I tried, the harder I failed.

Once that happened, I finally understood that my mind is not my soul. My physical body and even my thoughts may suffer profoundly (or be elated) in the day to day, but I mostly observe that process playing out now. I don't subscribe to external meaning anymore. I choose what's meaningful. Because meaning isn't objective, it's subjective.

Now I meditate and have faith that I can handle life, even when it doesn't turn out the way that I want. I've found that practicing non-attachment has a funny way of revealing what's really important. Mantras help too, like aligning with heartfelt causes, for example service or being of service to others. Kind of like, strengthening the love inside to give love to others who need it. And allowing myself the same dignity to receive love. My struggles became training, my successes became miracles. And reality seems to be shifting towards this more integrated physical/spiritual whole with divine timing.

Hope something in this helps you on your journey.

Zack, I just wanted to say thank you for taking the time to articulate your thoughts. Your view is different, yet coherent. Printed up your comment for further study. Please write a little more if possible.
Hey thanks. I always wince when I post these things, because I never know if I'm just projecting, or if something in my words might get misconstrued, etc. So it means a lot when someone replies.

For me, the healing really began when I started communicating and setting boundaries. Expressing sentiment, even if I can't make good on what I'm trying to do, goes a long way. And stepping outside myself, so that I can vouch for myself the way I would for someone else, also does wonders for quality of life.

But everyone has their own struggles. I know people who battle video game addiction, and drinking, and saving for their kids' college fund. My difficulties seem almost quaint in comparison sometimes. Like really? I got to grow up and program computers and have a bunch of cool jobs doing web stuff, and all I can do is complain? Well yes actually, because for all of that, I never really quite did what I originally set out to do. That can weigh on a person more than anything else sometimes.

So honestly I write for a younger me from 20 years ago, while I still maybe had a healthy bit of cynicism but was not yet disillusioned, in the hopes that it helps someone avoid stuff like the burnouts and bouts of depression that I went through. Which is perhaps a bit idealistic, because suffering and loss is something that everyone experiences as part of life.

It really comes down to the search for meaning for me. Stuff like: what comes after atheism? What's a dream, or a hallucination, or an alternate reality like those experienced when we pass out or have near-death experiences? How come science can't explain synchronicity or angel numbers or other coincidences, except dismissively? We literally have no evidence that our scientific models entirely describe our physical reality. They can't even explain consciousness. Those gaps in our knowledge are opportunities for finding meaning. Perhaps metaphysics can help us navigate such nebulous concepts. And also, how do we know how our experiences shaped our understanding? I sometimes look back fondly at some of the "worst" periods of my life. Often, the obstacle is the way.

Which is a book I'd like to read sometime. Also A Course in Miracles. Unlike reason, where we stand on the shoulders of giants, meaning comes more like discovering a truth of one's existence, only to learn that someone already wrote it down thousands of years ago. A different kind of validation.

So much more to say about all that.. but it's really more about finding one's own way than endlessly studying philosophy. But it's ok to do that, to work on oneself. These times are kind of rough not for all the blessings we receive, but for all the little things that seem perpetually out of reach. Time, rest, the esteem of our friends and colleagues, being with our families. My deepest wish is that we find a way to heal ourselves and then the world and seek faith/hope/love, peace and harmony together so that we can all self-actualize and manifest heaven on Earth in the New Age. And we're right there, so close!

I agree this is an important place to start, but it might not be feasible given the situation they're starting from now.

It might make sense to take "under-" employment with a company that offers good health benefits, which would at least provide income and insurance to buffer the cost of therapy. It might be helpful to think of it as a "launchpad" or "staging" job. It can also be an opportunity to exercise the muscle of befriending new people (coworkers, regular customers).

In the US, Starbucks and Trader Joe's are popular launchpad choices of employer, at least in my metro area. There might be similar ones in your current home country, if it makes more logistical sense to stay local.

> You need to see a therapist

You should reword that. Otherwise how did humanity last this long? Psychotherapy is less than two centuries old. You should instead say something like, "One option is to see a therapist."

There are friends, elders, books, and a number of other ways to climb out of a mental rut. Traipsing "Psychology Today" for a therapist who will charge the insurance $150 for 40 minutes of a session, through Zoom no less, with your $40 co-pay after deductibles is such a commercial approach to what is fundamentally a human problem.

You know a very modern problem? You can't sit easily and talk with friends over a drink about your issues and have someone give you constructive advice. Everyone is remote, busy, prefers chatting online, and as a result a lot of loneliness manifests as "Oh my god, what am I doing with my life."

Humanity "survived" this long, many people did't make that cut, and many of those who did lived in misery, denial, or in the comfort of alcholor and/or drugs. IMO the cost of a couple of sessions to see if it works for you is better than not giving it a shot.

OP: Life can be good and does indeed gets better, if you are not in a good place, please do talk to someone, try to make a change, no matter how small, and stay strong.

Also organized religion. After preparing sermons to give on Sunday, the church's pastor served as a therapist and did couples counseling for their local community. It's only recently that outside avenues have come to be formalized an relied upon in this way.
It's worth considering a therapist as similar to a medical intervention - yes, good eating, clean living, and regular exercise can keep you healthy, but after a very long time of not doing so, it's possible to find oneself too far down the road for that kind of change to sufficient on its own. Similarly, the help of friends, family, etc. can do wonders for one's mental health, but after a very long time of neglect, that can be beyond one's reach.

I say this as someone who rather successfully turned things around with a therapist - I simply did not have it in me to have those conversations with others and I didn't feel I had the relationships or support to do so (in retrospect I probably did, but that's the thing about mental health).

I don't think your diagnosis is wrong, particularly - there's a lot in the modern world that promotes alienation, feelings of low self esteem, and depression, but I think a lot of people find themselves at the bottom of the well before realizing quite what's happening and without the support structures to get out on their own.

(Edit just to note that, like physical health, mental health is not just the consequences of one's own actions - both genetic predispositions and unexpected life events can necessitate professional intervention by no fault of one's own. It's not what we're talking about, but just so nobody takes my post to be a psalm from the church of the self-sufficient.)

I don't disagree with anything you've said, and I don't think therapy is useless. Especially when one is past a point where there are few other options.

It's just a sad state of affairs that there are so few other options for people. I continue to pin the blame on the remote-first nature of society, which seems to make in person interaction secondary. It perpetuates loneliness which perpetuates mental health issues.

Jumping in here.

I suspect that the number of people who could benefit from quality therapy, greatly outnumbers the amount of quality therapists that exist in the world.

To the point where, I surmise, a vast majority of the world's population simply would not have meaningful access to it, due to location, finances, availability, introversion, etc.

So for me, it's not that "get therapy" is bad advice. Good thing is good. Therapy has proven techniques and results. But that doesn't help the majority of the world's population, who do not have access to the luxury of visits to high end trained professionals that only exist in suitably affluent settlements of certain countries.

Honestly, echoing some of mancerayder's sentiment here - I actually think there's a ton of mileage one can get from a not particularly extensively trained listening partner - I think there are cases where you genuinely need a highly qualified therapist, I think there are situations where an under-qualified individual can do a great deal of harm when dealing with someone with particular types of mental issues, but I think there's also a huge amount of therapy that can be done by someone a whole lot closer to an RN or a PA than an MD.

I also suspect that the broad lack of coverage for therapy and other kinds of mental care in most medical plans, as well as a "treatment/cure"-type paradigm when it IS covered ("we expect your 40 years of accumulated neurosis to be adequately addressed within 6 months, otherwise we're not going to pay anymore") is part of why this is out of reach for many people.

(I also suspect providing the population with broad access to mental health care would almost immediately pay for itself in terms of better physical health outcomes, improvements in the crime rate, and better economic outcomes, but that's the kind of second- and third-order thinking we're pretty notoriously bad at in this country, policy-wise)

Therapy, and consequently the background and training of the therapist you see, is broadly subdivided into 2 different fields:

1) what I refer to as "psychiatric" therapy, with a specifically "medical" way of doing things. It's based on diagnosis and pathology, with a focus on treating the underlying causes of mental health problems. This typically amounts to chemical intervention. The provider will always be someone with a medical license, typically an M.D. or PsyD, although it can also be an RN or PA; someone who can prescribe drugs. While not always the case, talking with them is generally limited in scope to what is necessary to provide a diagnosis and appropriate medication management. It's normal to have appointments on a monthly basis initially, often stretching to a brief visit every 3 months as one's condition stabilizes. You will need to continue to see them for as long as you take medication (although you can sometimes convince a primary care physician to take over medication management once an effective treatment regimen is established).

2) what I refer to as "psychological" therapy, this is often in the form of talk therapy, and focuses more on cognitive understanding and behavioral modification, and can even be as simple as having someone listen to your shit, put it into a reasonable perspective, and provide emotional support or even just providing human interaction. Often the provider will have a Master's or Doctorate in psychology, which is NOT a medical degree. While some psychiatric doctors will also handle this type of therapy, it's much more often they'll refer you to someone who does this. It's quite common to see this person for an hour each week, but can be more or less often and may also include group therapy. They focus on teaching coping skills and can provide CBT and the like. Some people may continue to benefit from this therapy and go for years, others may stick around just until they establish the coping skills needed for their situation.

I'm probably over generalizing, but it's uncommon to start out not knowing what to expect at all, so if even one person reads this and benefits, it was worth me writing this long post on my phone at 2 a.m.

I also have a bit of a warning, with either type of therapy, it's not uncommon for patients to think they should see results pretty quickly, and when they don't they will assume it's not working and discontinue treatment or assume their therapist is inept and jump between several in short order. Imo, this is the worst thing someone can do, it may take a few months for medication to show results and more often than not the first few tries can fail to help, and it can literally take years to develop behavioral changes and coping skills to the point they show real benefit. People that give up on therapy too quickly can end up losing all faith in therapy for the rest of their life, and losing that kind of hope can even worsen their problems. I struggled from my late teens and all the way into my 30s before I really began to really feel like I hit an appropriate balance in daily life, and that isn't guaranteed. However now if I fall apart, I can put myself back together in a matter of days instead of wallowing for years.

> it's not uncommon for patients to think they should see results pretty quickly

For me it took a long, long time to see results. Like 2 sessions a week for 6 months... then see slight improvement... then a major regression after some difficult life events... then another year of thinking I wasn't seeing progress... then rapid improvement.

But, in retrospect, there was constant progress that I wasn't in the right frame of mind to observe. One of my issues was that I had spent decades learning to ignore my issues. It took a lot of progress on that issue before I could see most of the other progress I had made.

One thing I could observe quickly was just how bad things were. Almost every session was revealing new ways my thought patterns were making things hard when they didn't need to be. Not what to do about those thought patterns yet, but just that they were there. That convinced me to keep doing the hard work. I'm glad I did.

> I don't disagree with anything you've said, and I don't think therapy is useless.

That's really not how you framed your comment.

> There are friends, elders, books, and a number of other ways to climb out of a mental rut.

> I continue to pin the blame on the remote-first nature of society, which seems to make in person interaction secondary.

Which doesn't concern the majority.

> It perpetuates loneliness which perpetuates mental health issues.

You seem to think mental health issues originates in loneliness. I can see how convenient that outlook is but it's nowhere that simple.

Spo on, in this isolated atomized western reality, the end result is posts like that and therapy suggestions as replies.
Yes, too often "You need to see a therapist" is just a euphemism for "I don't want to listen to your problems."

This is an important data point and a general trend toward the cheapening of human relationships. Friendship means something very specific, and for a lot of people now it means only the superficial. Anything deeper than that is actively discouraged. I think of those surveys about friendship took this kind of friendship into account. The number of people without any friends at all would be outrageously high.

Sometimes that might be true, but let's say you have the option to talk to two people about a problem. Person 1 is your friend that you've known all your life. They haven't gone to school for this and have plenty of problems of their own, half of which you know about, the other half, you're a part of, so they're biased and on their side, and not your side. Person 2 is a licensed therapist, has a literal master degree in the subject of dealing with people and their shit, has passed an ethics exam, and supervised experience program, and is on your side and won't judge you for your decisions. Who do you think would be able to help more?
Person 1 is available now, and by just listening to you affirms that you matter, and that your problems are important, and the fact of your suffering matters to someone other than you. It may resonate with their own experience, maybe even something they didn't reveal because of shame or guilt, in which case both people are helped.

Person 2 is first of all, hard to find, unavailable, and extremely expensive. They don't know you, and in general aren't willing to share their own personal experiences with you. The interaction with Person 2 is transactional and does nothing to affirm the importance of your suffering to someone other than yourself.

It's a little like your suggesting to have sex with a prostitute because they're better at it. But that misses the point of what sex is even for. A lot of the time we just want to be assured that we matter, that our experience matters, and that we aren't alone. But yeah, a lot of people see it like you do, and I think that makes it a worse culture.

You've known Person 1 all your life. From your description, they're definitely aware of this problem and you've probably already talked to them about it. The problem was not resolved. Expecting a different result while repeating the same action is the definition of insanity. It's time to try something different.
I can say that's been my experience as well. Friendships become a burden to people, they don't want to have to 'give' too much. At the same time it requires a closer tie to even go down that route.

And then also there are just less and less friends. In any friend circle there are some people that are just better to lean on. As you get older these people move away, get married, etc.

I disagree with the euphemism. I can both validate and suggest my friend seek therapeutic help. If my friend was bleeding out, can I help bandage him, can I drive him to the hospital, can I try to keep his spirits up and let him know everything will be alright (even when I don't know) - Yes, I can do those things. But it is the doctor with his specialized skills and training that can fix the torn organs under the skin.

I do agree that today's generations seem to be less deeply connected than older generations. Relationships take work and vulnerability, but today's distractions make everyone feel they are short on time and make us too absorbed with the perfection of the masks we wear. Its a shame, because deep friendships are truly something to be cherished.

"True friendship is a plant of slow growth, and must undergo and withstand the shocks of adversity, before it is entitled to the appellation." - George Washington

I recently looked into seeing a therapist for reasons similar to the OP's.

I tried lyra. All the wording and questions ask screamed to me "these are not my type of people". I'm not going to go into specifics but imagine you walked into a help conference and every table had energy stones, power of pyramids, astrology books, etc... If you're anything like me you'd walk out.

Once I made it past all that it recommended some therapists all of whom were white. The metro area I live in, 8 million people, is only 60% white in total and many areas are majority not white. I tried changing my location to an area known for being majority not white but it just gave me the same people.

It just got me wondering how much of therapy is a white culture thing because it seems statistically unlikely that of the 11 therapists it recommended, all 11 would be white if the demographics of the area say that only 60% of the population is white.

It was no different on BetterHelp.

> It just got me wondering how much of therapy is a white culture thing

I assume non-white majority countries also have psychologists/therapists, though.

It sounds like therapy is not common in many cultures

https://www.huffpost.com/entry/what-therapy-is-like-around-t...

It's not common anywhere. If anything, it's quite new and generally a rich man's thing.

Poor people generally avoid discussing issues in public and then discuss them with family.

But far more frequently violence and alcohol are the default "therapy".

The WHO has data on mental health workers relative to population in various countries around the world. The median number of mental health workers per 100,000 population across 156 countries, is 8. In the US its about 100. China is at the median. India is one of the lowest, at around 1 mental health worker per 100,000 population.
Some possibilities: maybe the European cultures (the white of which you say) have had a break-up of large family structures over the course of the last century, leading to therapy in the first place. That would fit in with some of my other comments in this thread around loneliness and a sick society. And following this it might be that some other cultures with large nuclear families have a sanity check within them where there are people to confide in and give guidance. That's what a therapist does in the end: empathize and give guidance.

Another possibility is there are cultural norms: psychotherapy originates in Europe / Central Europe where it had a blossoming in the late 19th century and spread, and became quite fashionable in among the educated classes (up to and especially in the 1960's, for example).

That 90% sounds like what I witnessed after getting lost and accidentally wandering into my first and only (and last) 14 minutes worth of an AA meeting. The wrong therapy can easily leave you worse off than no therapy whatsoever.
> Otherwise how did humanity last this long?

Religion and procreation?

It really sounds like your main problem is your depressed. So I'd get a therapist, get on medication, and try some things one the urls below.

And to expand on that, if you're not vibing or getting results from one therapist see another one. Don't give up after seeing just one. I know plenty of people that didn't see much improvement after one therapist but did well with others.

Look into medications, they are a lot easier to stick to than seeing a therapist especially if you're depressed. Even if the first drug doesn't work try another one. The non-response rates to a single medication are much smaller than if you didn't respond to one you try another one.

In the process get started with this book. https://www.amazon.com/Cognitive-Behavioral-Workbook-Depress...

This website has a lot of useful information too. (Written by a psychiatrist) https://slatestarcodex.com/2014/06/16/things-that-sometimes-...

Please hit the - button at this top therapy comment so you can get the answer to the question you asked. Yes it’s possible. You can do it. You can do anything you put your mind into. You just need to figure out a strategy that works for you.
I just want to add 2 things to kemiller's helpful comment:

1.) Just talking to a therapist who you feel heard and understood by (whatever their method: CBT or any of the others below) will be a massive help - you'll feel less alone and the challenges and mindsets you wrote about will begin to feel less all encompassing. The world will be a less frightening place.

2.) I think Deutscher's post is one of the most courageous personal posts I've ever seen on a message board/social forum (certainly the most courageous in 2022). One of the hardest things for anyone to do is to admit their life hasn't/isn't going the way they expected and instead of lying to themselves, they do the incredibly brave thing of admitting they need help.

Anyways, I just wanted to commend Deutscher for that (hopefully before my comment gets buried hours after the original post)

> a kid who had a unknown behavior problems they said was autism

In the end, it wasn't autism?

I think at this stage a well known psychiatrist in your area might help. I can see patterns in what they wrote and it seems serious enough to get therapy and medication. It will take a year to get out of whatever predicaments you find yourself in.
I am your age and I turned my life around in the last few years and now have much of the things you wish for. I can attribute much of it to therapy. It's ok to ask for help, you have shown you can do it here. Best of luck, know that it is possible.
Potentially risking downvotes, since religion makes people uncomfortable, but since you mentioned mental health services are lacking, have you tried joining a local church? Priests are the original therapists, and it’s a great way to meet people.

It’s not for everyone, but if you’re struggling to find meaning in your own life, perhaps looking up is the answer?

I'm not a religious person, but I second this. I met my wife through a religious institution and I've also made one good friend there.

Note that the religion itself doesn't matter as long as you feel safe and comfortable with the people there.

Now, with regards to your dreams, are they really _your_ dreams? Or are you chasing them because, well, everybody else is chasing them?

I'm no therapist so please take this advice with a grain of salt, but I _felt_ my life improving when I stopped chasing for things that I actually didn't value much, such as a prestígios career, a beautiful home and family, a nice car, traveling the world, buying a big TV, etc. After much introspection, I realized that as long as I can pay my bills, have food on the table, and have the company of my wife and dog, I don't really need more than that.

Obviously we're all different and each of us will have different _needs_, but the _wants_ can be quite similar because of what we've been told our entire lives.

A lot of depression and lost hope is truly a fair assessment of this short life on earth. I believe we will find satisfying and lasting meaning by connecting with God.

"He has planted eternity in the human heart" -- Ecclesiastes 3:11

That would be my advice. Find a church or other religious community that you can plug yourself into. Maybe get a dog too. If nothing else, it forces you to get out of bed in the morning.
43 is still young! Your body responds well to exercise, that and positive attitude can turn your relationship situation around. 40s is not too old to be a father. The world is out there, good luck.
My mother in law lost her business at 45 as a hairdresser, lost most of her savings and had to redo her life entirely, she ended up taking a class and switching to caring for disabled/mentally challenged? people in a sort of nursing/living facility, it completely changed her for the better (no stress or anxiety) maybe you need to flip the script aswell?
I don't have any idea why you think "a wife, kids" are out of the picture for you: after early adulthood, men and women are looking for someone they can see having a family with, and not for the more superfluous things in life (good looks, status or lots of money). At 43, having kids is harder for women, but usually not for men (well, at least making babies: bringing up kids does get a bit harder as you age regardless of the gender).

In any case, getting a job in a place where you'd be happy should "restart" your life: job is also a means to a new social life where you make the break from the old. So it sounds like you are only a decent job away from starting on the right path.

Having some vices also allows you to connect with others, so perhaps pick up a few non-damaging ones :D

Finally, note that you should look for professional help instead of listening to any of the advice I might give, though finding a psychologist who you can connect to is sometimes an ordeal as well.

Second that age thing, 43 is not 'too old' for a man, past prime yes but definitely doable if your health is OK in that area. As a person who has 2 young kids (first when 39, second at 41) - in some regards I am much better parent than younger me, the only problem that probably got worse with age (for me) is patience. But parents are required to have endless amount of patience anyway and I've seen even otherwise stellar parents to lose it more than once when pushed enough. If you don't feel up to it anymore, look for single moms and give some proper good into the world, it desperately needs it now more than ever. Don't let (often ancient) social norms of your specific place rule your life, science is on your side.

Tons of other good advices here - if you think you really are suicidal (and not just fleeting emotion in the lowest position), get professional help, even if it means moving away. You owe to yourself as much as to anybody else, including your closest family. Otherwise try to get a job you want and like, AND get into some sports, whatever it is. Being active brutally increases mood, happiness and often integrates you with like-minded people. On top of usual stuff like better sleep, sex, longer better life overall etc.

Do some 'charity' work, helping unknown people with whatever, its extremely rewarding. Attempt in some way to overcome procrastination, attack it from different angles, ie set up appointments that you would feel ashamed to cancel later.

> At 43, having kids is harder for women, but usually not for men

Finding a partner becomes hard, especially if you expect her to be 5-10 years younger.

I used to be rather successful with women, was never single, always could find someone easily. I'm 45, in good shape with a good job, but it has became much harder.

> rather successful with women, was never single, always could find someone easily

The good news for GP is I think for a lot of people what you consider to be much harder is just the norm.

Totally agree with this. I have an older (late 50's) gay friend who considers himself 'over the hill'. He talks constantly about how hard it is to find someone etc. However, by comparison to myself and my other straight friends, it's trivially easy for him to find both sex and companionship. Essentially it was so easy when he was young and handsome, he learned an aversion to trying. It's not so much that he doesn't know how, it's that he feels he shouldn't have to. As an average looking straight guy, I find his entitlement absurd.

Same goes for OP. I'm literally his age, don't own property, have less in savings (I don't work in tech), and consider myself both lucky and free. Also lucky not to live in the US, where other people's perceptions of your relative wealth seems much more important for dating / social life etc.

Perspective governs so much of how meaningful and rich our lives seem. I look at my family / contemporaries who have children, or have crushed themselves at a desk for twenty years and feel inestimable gratitude I didn't sacrifice my life on that alter. OP's problem is a long period unemployment and depression, not some kind of nebulous 'failure'. Fortunately it's readily fixable. 43 is not remotely 'past it'.

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> Essentially it was so easy when he was young and handsome, he learned an aversion to trying

I think a lot of women experience the same upon reaching middle age. In their 20s and early 30s, getting a date, sex, long-term relationship, etc. was as easy as firing up the app and letting a dozen men dance like monkeys for the chance to take her out.

By late 30s, this dynamic is gone for most women, and even starts reversing itself where by 40's, many men - and not just the "alphas" or gay men who also had an easy time in their younger years - have a lot more power in the dating market, though mostly because they aren't so beholden to their hormones, and can make decisions based on what benefits a particular women and relationship brings to his life. In most cases, the negatives outweigh the positives, and thus women and gay men now get to experience the same odds that most men dealt with all their life.

If you'll excuse me saying -- and I may be totally misreading your comment -- it sounds like what you were looking for (and finding) so easily in the past wasn't really a partner, at least in the life-long sense, but rather a string of casual relationships. That's not at all the same thing as wanting a wife and kids.
Not really, I had many long term relationships, and shorter ones in between. I wasn't a super popular man, but attractive enough that I could always find partners with reasonable efforts.

But in any case, I think it's not that different as wanting a wife and kids. You need to be able to seduce someone, whether it's for a casual relationship, or for marriage. It's start with physical attraction either way. I don't think mentioning "I want to get married and have kids" will give you a free pass which is ironic considering many women complain men only want casual relationships.

Modern dating where people meet online makes it harder too. A gay friend of mine who is 60 years old says that back in the day, he would meet guys in saunas or bars, and older guy would have a chance. But online, nobody want to meet a 60 years old guy.

> I want to get married and have kids"

I think this just comes off as moving too quickly. After a few weeks of successful dates and comfort levels built, I've found this to be acceptable to mention casually, especially in a conversation meant for discussing goals.

It also softens things to say it like "Yea, someday I want to be married and have kids" but in a tone that doesn't include the woman you're dating yet.

They already know you're dating them presumably for this goal if you mention it, but it also communicates you aren't desperate and already thinking this far ahead with this person (even though you probably already are).

How long term can they have been if you had “many” of them?

There’s a huge difference between seducing someone for a casual relationship and forging a deep friendship with the person who becomes your life partner.

I recently started taking dancing lessons, bachata, surprised by the amount of single women looking for a dance partner...
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> I used to be rather successful with women, was never single, always could find someone easily. I'm 45, in good shape with a good job, but it has became much harder.

You're also most likely much more selective. In your 20's and 30's, there's no feeling of a clock ticking.

Yeah, as weird as it sounds, my wife and I are probably together now 14 years after we met because we had relatively low standards in our early 20s. Obviously you should have some baselines for fundamental character traits when considering a long-term partner, but we were both well-intentioned-but-half-developed at 21. If either one of us had been in a position to look down on our relatively lackluster lifestyles at that point, we probably wouldn't be happily married today.

I guess my point is prioritize fundamental character (honesty, communication, loyalty, values, etc), and someone you can have fun with. The rest can be taken care of with time and effort.

Also, men can circumvent fertility issues by dating younger. I know two 40+ men who started families with 20+ women, and so far so good.
Starting a family with twenty spouses sounds like a lot of work, honestly.
Well, that's why there were two of them.
Reminds me of chain marriages in The Moon is a Harsh Mistress
> At 43, having kids is harder for women, but usually not for men (well, at least making babies: bringing up kids does get a bit harder as you age regardless of the gender).

And regardless, do consider adoption, even as a single parent. There are loads of kids taken away from parents who for whatever reason can't really care for them. Often there's a generational component: the kid's grandparent abused or couldn't support the parent; the parent ended up in foster care, exited out of the system at 18 with no support network, got pregnant, and can't really support the child. If they're not placed with an adoptive family, they spend the rest of their lives in foster care and repeat the cycle. You can make a world of difference.

My first marriage took a long time to resolve itself; by the time I married again, and we figured out that we were having fertility problems, my wife was "over the cliff" fertility-wise. We adopted a little one and he's been a real joy. You are wired to connect with children, and children are wired to connect with you; those circuits in your brain can't read DNA.

Obviously you need to get your own life sorted out first: lack of work and depression feeding into each other are major contributing factors to the problems the kids' biological parents have taking care of them. But get your head in the right space, a good support network around you, and a steady income, and there's no reason you can't be welcome a child into your family. Obviously having a partner can make the burden easier, but there were plenty of single-parent adopters in the "cohort" going through the adoption process with us. It's definitely do-able.

I second this! Had two bios, they got grown (as happens). Wife and I missing kids and fostered a little 5 month old girl and after two years adopted. She's 5 now and wife/myself are early 50's and she is the center of our universe and so much fun. We all fall asleep around 8pm :)

OP - You are young! Not even 1/2 way through life. You can do it.

Thank you for sharing this anecdote. It brightened my day. God bless you and your wife, and your daughter!
Thank you for your kind comment!
That, I wanted to mention this myself. E.g. adopting kids that are already in school. That'll make their day and also considering today's divorce rates they'd probably be already studying should a divorce ever happen. I know families that adopted kids and everyone did really well (and did not divorce from what I heard anyway)
Be cautious with this. Lots of kids need adopting no doubt. But adoption can be extraordinarily difficult for parents. I speak from experience. It's not something to be taken lightly.
Raising children in general is not something to be taken lightly.
You are right that you need to go into it with your eyes open. At least in my state it took about a year to get certified to foster and you set boundaries on what you can handle. For instance, I knew that I would not be equipped for a certain level of trauma/medical issues and indicated that. You still end up dealing with state agencies, family court, crazy relatives and lots of other stuff so it's not all sunshine. But in our case it was totally worth it.
Additionally, there are many single women with kids, which also will be happy to restore semi-normal family and find life long partner.
> And regardless, do consider adoption, even as a single parent.

I am struggling to think of any official agency which would pair a child with a single man. Is this really something that happens?

As I said, there was one man in my "cohort" -- the group of parents that went through the adoption training together. He was a tradesman -- single, self-employed, my guess in his early 40's; he passed the screening process and adopted a school-age boy. This is a "local authority" in the UK. I'm sure rules vary from place to place, depending on culture, experience, and need. I do know they look extensively at your support network, history, and so on; presumably the requirements for a support network are higher when you're going to be a single adoptive parent.
Second that.

I wish people would avoid not rejecting "it's too late for kids at 43".

The more implicit affirmation you hear on HN it strengthens that false belief.

Wow! So many negatives. I had to whip out pen and paper to figure it out: Negative: "avoid" Negative: "not" Negative: "rejecting" Negative: "too late..."

So, you're saying: you wish people accept its ok to have kids at 43?

I agree that starting a family is very much still a possibility but also would suggest that it doesn't have part of a solution. Marriage and kids bring their own challenges and make any turn-around much harder.

I think solving your personal issues and the job should come first.

I am not in a position to give advice to anyone but:

"The best time to plant a tree is 20 years ago, the second best time:now" -- old Chinese proverb I believe.

Hope, in my experience is the most powerful force to help you turn things around. But at the same time, few things are as cruel as hope when it is crushed. Ultimately the choice is yours on whether you consider hope as worth having.

You're struggling with visualizing how to start your ideal life. Like any task, it feels monumental because you're at the bottom of a mountain looking up. So start at the top - imagine your perfect day.

You identified a wife, job, maybe kids. You come home after a fulfilling day of work, have a nice dinner with the family, and feel a sense of content. Now rewind, and focus and focus on a single trail. What steps lead to this moment?

You came from work; where do you work? What do you do there? When did you start? Why did you ace the interview? How did you get the interview? What made you feel ready to interview?

Do this exercise for each facet of your life you care about, and work all the way back to the first achievable step. Then take that step.

I just wanted to say that 43 is very young and it’s not too late to have the best times of your are life. What are some things you find enjoyment from these days?
Regarding kids, wife and family, you are not late at all. A friend of mine had recently his first kid at 48, he is very happy.

If you need a framework for working with psychological issues, I recommend ACT (my wife is a psychology therapist and an expert in that field). It's possible that your current lifestyle or situation is not aligned with your values, so you may need to make some changes to better fulfill what is important to you. Changing can be difficult, but in Western society, we often try to avoid discomfort instead of embracing it. However, it's often necessary to embrace discomfort in order to thrive.

It is never too late. Tomorrow could be the day you turn your life around. Small daily steps.

Good luck.

Set goals. Start with small ones. "Turning your life around" is a bold statement but not necessarily very actionable. Figure out exactly what it is that you want, make a list. Rank them in order of priority.

Breaking things down into smaller pieces may help you get where you want to go. Good luck.

If you are in/around Munich let’s have a beer/coffee. Xmas time was often very uncomfortable for me trying sort my life out. My email is in my profile.
First suggestion, get into therapy. If that does not work or cannot be afforded, or will take too long, go somewhere else for a while. Anywhere else. Doesn't have to be the US. Doesn't have to be your dream job. Every important breakthrough I made in my life was precipitated by changing my environment, at least temporarily.
You can meet someone in your 40s. You might meet someone who already has kids and honestly, if you want kids in your life then much past 40 that’s probably the best way!

I cannot advise you on getting to the US, but it’s never too late to restart things in general. 40s is mid career, and the best of your life can still be ahead of you. I’m the same age, I’m still making plans to build and grow.

I’d advise some sort of educational refresher, see if there’s a qualification you can do that builds on (or converts) what you already have. If you want to be in tech then various places used to offer one-year conversion masters in software for existing grads. Another option might be to do a teaching qualification if that appeals.

The important thing is to make a start!

(And also I would seek some counselling for that suicidal ideation, it’s important to talk through this stuff with someone)

I agree with what other posters say. The big thing is learning to forgive yourself and taking active steps every day in healthy habits.

That, and a session with MDMA will work wonders

This is above HN's paygrade.

International Suicide Crisis Hotline directory:

https://findahelpline.com/i/iasp

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_suicide_crisis_lines

If you are posting this kind of message on HN then you're at a point that you can call for a 1-1 chat. There are people who can listen. Don't rely on social media to do this.

There's legitimately good advice in this thread.
I recall that this hotline basically just calls your local authorities and prevents you from being a danger to yourself by having you committed to a mental health facility. Sub-optimal.
If OP is in Germany (they say they studied in the US implying that they are no longer there; and their nick is Deutscher) then https://www.telefonseelsorge.de/telefon/ claims to be anonymous.
If OP is in Germany, I can second this recommendation. They're funded via Christian organizations but as far as I'm aware the hotlines themselves are secular by default so if you're an atheist or non-Christian you don't have to worry about them pushing anything religious on you. Also, given how strict German privacy laws are, their claims of anonymity are as reliable as they can be (caveat: don't confess to any major crimes you have committed as those are usually not covered by privacy laws).

The easiest way to access a therapist is to ask your general practitioner (Hausarzt or Allgemeinmediziner) for a referral. You'll still have to find one yourself but they can direct you towards a list. The wait times can be very long but the sessions (and meds if any) are covered by public health insurance.

In the US, this is not true.

First they will talk you down if there is imminent danger. There are some real skilled people that are good at de-escalation. They might try to get you in touch with any fiends or relatives you may trust, and even conference them into the call with your permission. (I was called by them.)

They can also dispatch a team to help calm down any acute episode of severe depression / suicide ideation.

They can recommends a voluntary committment to a mental health facility. Involontary committment has certain criteria regarding safety and imminent danger, at which point it would involve the police and they would be the ones making that call.

If not a mental health facility, they do recommend getting a psychiatrist ASAP and provide referrals. And they call back a few days to check on the caller, to ensure they followed through and are seeking help.

Source: A close relative experienced this first hand.

Mental health facilities are not good for your mental state. If you thought you knew what mental anguish was just wait until you get to the big leagues. They dope you up and you sit around in a sterile hospital bed until you get the hint that you can’t go home until you stop voluntarily reporting symptoms of wanting to self harm.
Seems like unnecessary shade to throw on the helpline. There was a viral thing a bit ago making rounds on social media accusing them of it but its far from reality. There are like 50k of 3 million calls a year that result in contacting the authorities, but its extreme scenarios.

Its a rare thing and highlighting it as the default scenario is spreading FUD and possibly keeping people from getting the help they need. It is true though that if you call and describe an immediate plan to kill yourself there is some legal, ethical, and liability requirements that mean they will call authorities. Exact same thing if you tell your doctor or therapist.

This comes off more as condescending than helpful.
I've never understood this. If I was suicidal, being given the suicide hotline number as a response would just tick me off.
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Being unhappy with how your life is going doesn't equate to being suicidal.
> after being scared by my first real suicidal ideation a few nights ago.

While there is a lot of validity to asking others about their experience, there is also validity in speaking with a professional.

We're not therapists, but many people don't need therapy: their cry for help doesn't mean they're short on dopamine or have childhood trauma. They're simply destitute. Therapy also isn't a magical bullet: it's not exactly engineering.

What we can give is some experience, and heartfelt advice. Perhaps there's something of value in this thread, if not for poor OP, then for another person that feels the weight of expectations on his/her shoulders.

Ah, suicide hotlines.

Ok, he must absolutely do it if he needs. BUT.

- For men, they’re underfunded, at least in my country (France). I called them a few times in my life, can’t count the number of times the answering machines were like “We’re open Tuesdays, 7pm-midnight” or “You are the … 7th … in the queue”. Or it’s a hotline for teens. Or it’s a hotline for suicide AND familial violence.

- Many suicide hotlines are for women, or designed for women and incapable of dealing with men’s problems. As in “I… I… can’t date” “Well just ask a girl out”. Yeah right, words of a woman, it works for them this way to they project that it must be easy for men.

The night I called 7 of them just to get no answer gave me a hit of anger, which was enough to pull me through. I wanted to take revenge for the world not caring enough about us.

I managed to get into professional software development in my early thirties. My college track was for that, but took a severe detour after graduation. For me, a programming bootcamp helped me turn things around and get me my first job as a professional developer, though the ecosystem is a lot different now and I'm not sure how good even the best is. Highly recommend doing a lot of research before plonking down a chunk of change.

I also had my first kid at 39. It's hard, but management. A kid in your forties isn't unheard of at all, and you can absolutely meet a wonderful woman at any point in your life.

Strong agree on seeking therapy. You have a lot of options, but getting your head and heart in a good place will make the path a whole lot more evident and smooth.

Note than having a wife brings a different set of pros and cons, the same thing for kids. Despite we think this is the next natural step, the evidence/failure-rate show this in not for everybody.
Give skydiving a try.

Move somewhere sunny for an AFF course, get your A license and start jumping with other people.

From your post you don't seem to have any physical disability that would prevent practicing the sport, and 43yo is by no means too old. I've met USPA instructor examiners (ie very experienced folks) that started their skydiving careers around that age.

From there you will figure out what to do next with an entirely different mindset.

Fix your mindset first. "I know the best of my life is behind me." If you think like this then certainly it will become true.
You say you have no current skills related to your education or previous employment, but in today's world updating your skills isn't all that hard if you want to - there are so many resources online. Wife, kids, house and meaningful work all are things you can still achieve in your forties and even beyond. It's not too late! You seem to be suffering from what the Germans call Torschlusspanik and maybe more. Get your mental health in order and the rest will follow I would think.
As a 40-something myself, also pretty much alone (by choice), I have had to think about this as well.

What you are looking for to feel good is respect. Are you acting in a way that is worthy of respect? Fact of the matter is, earning respect is hard. Yes, it can be done through career, but it can also be done in how you treat yourself, how you treat others.

It's easy to get lost self-pity, I've been there. The only answer is to pick one hard thing where you lack skills, and work on it. Just one. For me, it was being more outgoing. Anyone asks me to do something social, the answer is always "yes". Someone wants to come over for dinner? "Ugh fine", in my head, "Oh that would be amazing!", to the other.

You are where you are potentially because you chose the easy path, instead of doing what is hard.