Ask HN: What are household items that can be repaired but people often replace?

38 points by trwhite ↗ HN
My original question (but had to shorten): What are some common household items that are easy to repair but that people usually replace?

For example I often buy a new shower mat when it inevitably gets moldy and they're relatively cheap, but I appreciate I could clean it instead, which would be less wasteful.

121 comments

[ 4.6 ms ] story [ 157 ms ] thread
Furniture
This especially. Glue ups are poorly done on a lot of Wayfare and similar tier furniture and the fascia falls off. The MDF fails when the legs support the weight at an angle.

I just repaired a dresser that had both of these issues with wood glue and finish nails for the fascia and bondo and a drill for the failed MDF foot mounts.

Cheap furniture will not stand up to many moves but you can definitely repair a lot of it for very little time and money.

I find that using wood glue when piecing together for furniture you never intend to take apart again will go a long way to extending the life. I do this to certain IKEA furniture, which locks it up nicely and prevents downstream issues.
I always find lower cost couches quickly (3-4 years) get “saggy” wherever people sit the most. I wonder how difficult it would be to source higher quality after market springs and replace them. I always feel like it’s a waste to buy a new couch when the old one looks fine but has just lost support.
I have this West Elm brand credenza in my office, with walnut veneer. Damned thing took 9 months to get delivered, but that's a covid logistics issue, not a company issue. I think.

So it shows up, and it's quite handsome - but then this random thing intersects the corner, was it a vacuum cleaner? A box? And now there's a blemish, and it no longer feels 'new', it feels like cheap veneered furniture I got as a hand-me-down. I was incensed with myself for causing the blemish so early in my ownership of this overpriced thing.

My wife heard me grumbling, and she came to see what the fuss was. A moment later she re-appeared in my office with a single walnut from our pantry. And then a moment after that, I couldn't find the blemish on my credenza, for the walnut had completely rubbed into it and covered it!

Almost everything. The problem is figuring out what is broken.

There are some things that require extra attention, like a microwave oven

I've seen two people replace dishwashers because the power cord wasn't connected well and failed. They don't include a power cord with the appliance, here; you buy your own and wire it up yourself, or the installers do it for most people I guess.

So when this hurried connection made in an awkward place turns out to have been poor and breaks after a few years; "the dishwasher is broken" and a repair shop charges half the cost of a new one to come out and look at it... It made sense to these folks to just go ahead and get a new one without the stains etc.

Lots of electronics get that treatment, its too complicated to think about what's inside it; so the whole unit is either working or broken but not considered repairable.

It is tough calculus to choose a repair even if you do it all yourself. Say a 400 appliance. Its old so worth say 200 now. You need a 75 dollar part. There is some large chance the part you buy isnt quite the right variant you need or you screw up then install and then you just lost another 75 dollars and still no working appliance!
We recently had a dishwasher repairman fix our ~15 year old dishwasher. We chatted about buy vs repair and he noted our fixed-and-woking-again dishwasher could potentially still last longer than a new replacement, because of worse quality of the new ones.
That sounds about right.

My mother had a washing machine for 25 years and it had only had a couple of belts replaced.

Her new washer failed within a year, and has been replaced by a washer that has also failed within a couple of years.

Electronics failure in both. The control board is expensive. Not like a $25 belt.

I'm sure humanity is so advatanged that such board can be manucatured for 5 USD or so. Does it even have a CPU and a heat sink? It can hardly be more complex than a Raspberry PI.
And that’s assuming your time is worth $0 too. Unless it’s a clear win, or just something I feel like taking apart and learning about, I’ll usually use it as an excuse for an upgrade.
True, but the replacement appliance will be even less reliable due to planned obsolescence and more recently supply chain problems.

Anything built in the last few years is simply going to be less reliable on average.

out of interest, where is "here"?
USA, where almost everything else does come with a power cord.
seems strange - do you know why this is? in the UK i'm pretty sure they come with a cable, though i've just realised that i've never actually bought one! washing machines definitely do.
Yes, here in the UK appliances that work off a standard circuit and can be plugged into a standard socket (so 13A max) come with a cable and fused plug. This applies to washing machines, tumble dryer, dishwashers, etc.

On the other hand, appliances that require too much power (more than 13A) e.g. double oven and some hobs, or cookers do not come with anything and must be wired with an adequate cable, circuit, etc. In general circuit, switch, etc. should already be installed (otherwise you're majorly out of luck) and you only need to buy a 1-1.5m length of adequate 3-core rubber flex to connect your new oven. It's very simple to do as long as you know how to strip a cable and use a screwdriver.

I dunno. It may have something to do with the fact that many people wire them up directly to the power circuit, especially in older houses. I've included outlets on GFCI circuits for the kitchens I've built, and seen others built the same way: those situations call for a normal power cord with a plug.
As I understand it, older appliances had a 3-wire cord with two hot wires and one neutral wire. An additional ground was added, making requiring a 4-prong plug. We came across this when we replaced my mother's electric stove.

When I bought my house, the (nimrod) flippers didn't hook up the stove, they just pushed it into place. Never having installed an electric stove, they didn't know you order the plug separately. As it turned out, the connection was so old that I had to special order a plug.

A lot of people have zero confidence in their ability to troubleshoot things and won't even attempt it. Calling a professional will probably cost $100 just a starting point for a house visit.

So they from that perspective a janky power cord and burnt out motor both fall under the same category of "it doesn't turn on".

For what it's worth, I can attest that installing a dishwasher is slightly less complex than installing a water-cooling system in a PC: if you can do one, you can do the other.
I had a dishwasher installed by a "professional" that used an ordinary wire nut to connect the copper dishwasher wire to aluminum wire in my house. Which later resulted in smoke billowing from my dishwasher. Fortunately caught it before anything else was damaged. Then rewired the cable properly.
its actually a tough connection. even if you don't have wire issues like you did, its a high current joint that's subject to regular vibration, rather large heat swings, condensation and high humidity, etc. and they usually put it in this little box thats hard to get to and easy to subject to damage when installing or pulling the unit out for troubleshooting.
Dryers; a new heating element or new bearing kit are about an hour of a job and $30 of parts.
My parents had a dryer they bought in 1947 and my dad kept it running until the mid 1990s, so about 50 years. My dad replaced the bearings about every ten years and I think had to replace a switch once. I believe it was from Sears.
My dryer from sometime in the 90s has parts commonality with dryers built in the 1960s.

I didn't try to figure out if it's also the case with any presently available models.

Water heaters; supposedly, if you replace the anode rods every 5 years, most water heaters would last the lifetime of the house, versus many replace the whole unit in 10 years.
Is that a relatively easy project for an average homeowner?
I’ve done it. It’s not a big job, but the issues I ran into were:

1. You need a specific and large socket wrench. (A big adjustable wrench wouldn’t work because the head was recessed.)

2. Mine was really stuck in there, so it took a lot of torque to get it loose. Had to get someone else to hold the water heater in place while I pulled on the wrench.

3. My water heater was up in the attic underneath the angled roof, and there wasn’t enough clearance to get the new one in. Got kind of sketchy tilting the water heater over so I could get it inserted.

> 3. My water heater was up in the attic underneath the angled roof, and there wasn’t enough clearance to get the new one in. Got kind of sketchy tilting the water heater over so I could get it inserted.

I'm starting to think this is the real reason I pay people to fix things for me (if I don't do it myself). YouTube makes most fixable things pretty easy. It's the climbing over/under the house, getting in hard to reach places, etc... that makes a repair a pain.

All that, plus you have to have a water heater that has replaceable rods (some today are not replaceable.) Some other brands also combine the rod with the water inlet, which means you need to do basic plumbing to disconnect the water supply piping before removing it.

The claims of extending the life of the heater indefinitely are dubious. There are also 2 heating elements that can burn out and 2 mechanical thermostats that can fail. Cheap parts, but the heating elements can become fused into the body of the heater from rust/corrosion.

In my opinion, tank water heaters are one of those things where tank failure can lead to catastrophic damage: you have 40+ gallons of water that can dump out, and then full water pressure behind it. You have no way of identifying the condition of the tank from the outside; it could fail suddenly. Basic electric models aren't particularly expensive, either (~$600.) It's generally accepted that 15 years of life is a good run. It's not worth the risk/expense of a leaking tank to squeeze another few years out, especially if it's in an area where even a small leak could cost thousands in damage.

The more often you replace them - or at least inspect them, the less likely they are to fuse.
For 3, they make segmented rods designed to make getting the new one in easier. (The old bends easily if the magnesium has been consumed.)
Yes, the hardest part being to drain your water heater (which is on the annual maintenance schedule)
most water heaters would last the lifetime of the house

The lifetime of a house is measured in centuries. Perhaps you mean the lifetime of the person who installed the water heater?

Rarely for American wood built houses. 90% of houses will have major renovation in 30-50 years.

Perhaps a better measure is the life of the plumbing system, where pvc, copper have 30-50 year life expectations.

Slightly unrelated, but I recently had to use an unexpected sentence: “my microwave is not booting”.

More related: the service person who looked at it charged about half of what a new one would have cost, so I understand how the economics often lean towards just replacing stuff.

I've dabbled in this a lot, and I don't consider myself a very handy person.

Cell phones are much more repairable than they seem. You can replace screens, batteries, USB ports, antennas, etc. A new battery and factory reset makes it seem completely new.

Laptops can often be repaired or upgraded, especially earlier MacBooks or current Dells. I've upgraded my old (2014?) MacBook pro and used it for daily use for years. You can even get NMVe converters and I've thought about making a usbC charge plug for them.

I've heard that swapping out the capacitors in TVs can bring them back to life. Haven't tried it.

I've brought baby equipment back to life, fixed janky strollers with 3d printed parts.

Try just repainting furniture. It'll feel new and costs maybe 10 bucks. Get some plastic wood to fill in cracks or holes, and you won't believe how much better things look.

I once got a baby high chair for free because they sent two left legs instead of right and left. I drilled out the appropriate screw holes to convert one to the right side and filled in the existing holes. That saved enough money to pay for the drill press I used.

Ifixit.com has become one of my favorite sites.

> That saved enough money to pay for the drill press I used.

Tangential, but I’ve found this type of thing occurs pretty regularly. Where the economics of the industry have pushed the maintenance cost down to only a bit over the labour, and the actual equipment cost is somewhat negligible, so for an enterprising homeowner you get do the work yourself and end up with some equipment that you can use in the future for effectively nothing.

Most recently, I bought a house with an irrigation system. Learned that in our cold climate they need to be blown out before winter to avoid freezing. Called around and was quoted $250. Went on YouTube and learned the general concept, went to Home Depot and bought an air compressor and an irrigation system adapter for $275, and did it myself in an afternoon.

I recently came across a free 2012 quad core Mac mini that ran, but kept failing to update to the latest OS it should support. Turned out to be a bad stick of RAM, pulled that out, popped in a cheap SATA 1TB ssd and used open core legacy patcher to bring it up to MacOS Monterey. Now it’s my home server/docker/VM runner. Hope I can get a few more years out of it although Ventura support through open core seems unlikely.

Admittedly, it took quite a while to diagnose the problems and get everything updated, but I consider that stuff a hobby.

Nice. I admittedly move to Linux when I upgrade these old macs.

A friend once got an old PowerPC iMac off eBay, and it perfectly ran Ubuntu 12.04 IIRC.

He set it up as a remote testbed for PPC benchmarking, since the Mars rovers use the same generation of PPC processors.

On the contrary, a drill press is one of the most basic and most used workshop tools. If you’ve always been handy then you’ve probably already got one, if you’ve just decided that fixing and making things is where you want to go then you will collect various tools.
Refrigerators can usually be repaired for much less than the cost of replacing it.

Same goes for washing machines/drying machines, or pretty much any other large appliance.

I've seen people throw out perfectly good soft furnishings simply because they didn't know how to clean them, and let outdoor furniture go to rot because they didn't bother treating the wood every year or so by oiling it.

Cookware also often goes to waste due to neglect or lack of maintenance - I know a few people who buy pretty expensive kitchen knives and never sharpen them, instead replacing them.

Sharpening is one of the few things on all those life skills lists that's actually worth it. Stones aren't expensive, it's reasonably doable although way harder than people say.
It depends on the item and the risk. Google/internet has helped here immensely.

My refrigerator 'failed', and it just needed a new logic board. Way easier than building a computer. Risk was medium because it's hard to go too long without a refrigerator.

I had a tankless hot-water heater fail, so replaced most of the parts inside. Eventually, figured out the exchanger had cracked which was about 1/2 the cost of a new heater. Lots of time wasted, though not much money. Bought a new one b/c the one was 10 years old. Risk was low because we could survive without hot water for a bit. I installed the new one with the help of a friend - saved about $3k.

This cold caused an outside pipe to fail. I did PVC joins for the first time yesterday and they seem to be good. Cost was very little in both money and time. Risk is also low since it's outside. If what I did fails, I can always call a plumber.

Furniture items I reuse all the time. It's amazing what a quick repaint and/or buying new upholstery can do. When I buy new furniture now, I try to only buy things with slip covers/easy to replace parts.

if the refrigerator compressor fails its usually not economically repairable. everything else is fixable.
Our 65" Samsung faded out (blue/purple). Just needed to replace the white back-light LEDs. $60 in parts. About 1h labour (mine).
How much time spent diagnosing the problem, researching the fix, and finding the right part?

Also, what about the time spent learning all the info and knowledge necessary to be able to do the above?

There is always more to the cost equation than immediately obvious.

One search on internet and a YouTube. 10 min.

The video was published by a parts supplier, their site had a model search. 5min.

Knowing how to fix things, handy with tools and stuff...been working on that a little over 40 years.

The skills you learn doing it once make every subsequent repair quick and fairly easy. I've repaired multiple TVs at this point.
In my experience, similar devices fail in similar ways, so simple Internet searches turn up lots of information. That knowledge is something that you keep forever and can assist others in fixing their devices. Otherwise, its just more repairable devices in the landfill.
But if you account for those costs (which some might put in the entertainment column) then you also need to account for the

1. Time to call the repair service

2. Being home to greet, escort, and explain the problem

3. The additional cost if sunk cost leads to replace instead of repair.

4. Effort to pay the bill

I had an appliance repair person come out to fix our dishwasher ($$$), he told me this would happen again if I repaired it, and I should just buy a new one. Instead, I bought the component online and DIY'd the fix instead of paying him another $200. The component failed a month later, just like he predicted. I bought a new dishwasher, after spending hundreds to repair my existing one.

Moral of the story: hubris is expensive.

Alternate moral of the story: design flaws do not often correct themselves
That means there was a higher level problem in the dishwasher that caused that part to repeatedly break. Why couldn’t the higher level problem be solved?
likely inherent to the design
That makes no sense. If that were true, the dishwasher would have broken a month after it was brand new.
As others have said, a lot of things are just thrown out even though material cost-wise they can be cheaply repaired. The issue usually comes down to effort and time to do it versus just getting a new one, if you have no skills doing the necessary repairs then having a skilled professional do it for you is often not worth it.

However, if you do have skills and tools to do it, you may be surprised how much crazy money you can save by just maintaining the same product way past its expected lifetime. Especially true for various electronic appliances that often break down because some wire has gone bad somewhere.

(comment deleted)
Almost everything can be repair, or makes economic sense to repair.

I think the key point in your question is 'easy to repair' and that depends on your skills, knowledge, and whether you feel comfy around electrical stuff if that's the case.

Breville coffee grinders. The company does not sell parts, and so 3D printing was necessary to bridge the gap when mine broke a few years back. It ended up being one of the small victories over entropy for me, and I wrote it all up on iFixit here[0]

[0] https://www.ifixit.com/Guide/BCG800XL+Grinder+Jamming+due+to...

Then why would you recommend a device that breaks and the company offers no support for repairs?
Well, I do not. It is one of the most popular grinders on Amazon though. Many of us are already stuck with it!
Yes, small kitchen appliances are a curse of disposability.

Eg Blenders all seem to have proprietary connections between the motor base and the jar, often in plastic. When a small connection tab breaks, the whole thing is junk even though it still 'works' as 3d printing, glue, etc is usually not strong enough.

I feel like most things that have a small plastic clip that gets broken...like a vacuum cleaner. Look up "plastic welding" and save lots of money on simple things like that.
[flagged]
Not to say what you stated doesn’t make sense but you avoided answering the question completely and just kept swirling around the tangent statement in your first paragraph without going anywhere.
>Repairing costs time and effort, throwing away and buying new is fast and often cheap

That analysis can depend on how well total costs are captured. Often what seems cheap is only cheap because you externalize the actual costs elsewhere and don't factor them in.

I often host small get-togethers at home and very often use disposable plates (sometimes plastic) as well as utensils, cups, etc. It's quite cheap in terms of my time when it comes to cleanup, broken item replacement, no water for cleanup usage, etc. but I suspect using durable reusable utensils and dining ware are actually cheaper holistically because they can often be used for many years and require very little to clean up beyond time and access to some clean water which is already a requirement and soaps. Factor in costs of recycling, how recyclable those goods are, transport costs to get those goods to my home, waste disposal and long term effects of non-recyclables on the environment... at some point its not so cheap, I'm externalizing my time costs in other forms on the rest of society.

Instead of disposable plastic razors (Schick, Gilette, etc.) I recommend getting a safety razor and a big pack of blades (I use Merkur). You will save yourself thousands of dollars over the course of a lifetime - and avoid generating a ton of waste. Maintenance is pretty much just cleaning the razor with vinegar every few weeks.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safety_razor

If you have the time/desire for it, a straight razor is also an option. It takes much more expertise and time, though, so I would start with the safety razor first.

I find that you generally get a better shave with a safety razor as well. The multi-blade razors which are commonly sold today get clogged up with beard hair and scratch my face.

I purchased my razor about 15yr ago now, and am still working through the first $25 worth of razor blades.

My Merkur safety razor broke after 10 solid years of use - I guess I over-torqued the handle/head screw and pulled the screw out of the head.

I have been meaning to drill out the head and use a bolt in the spirit of this thread, but will probably just buy a new one.

This is a big one. Disposable razors are an epic waste of money. I spent £30 on a good quality safety razor which will last forever, and spend another £4/year on blades.
I've been using the same rechargeable Wahl clippers for about a decade and only shave with a razor on rare occasions because the clippers get close enough for most situations.

It's also possible to repair them to some extent. I've taken the body apart to clean it out, and it seems like it'd be easy enough to replace the battery.

Same, but I have the full-sized plug-in clippers. They're probably about 20 years old. I've been wearing a buzz cut for a long time, and also use them to "shave".

I will use a real razor if I'm going to a formal event or something, but for daily use the clippers work fine.

I've replaced the blades once. Normally I'm pretty good at sharpening stuff, but I wasn't satisfied with my attempt on the clipper blades (too many tiny blades, and if they aren't super sharp they pull the hair instead of cutting it... not fun).

I agree. I also remember seeing a photo from a microscope showing that a safety razor cuts the hair evenly whilst disposable multi-blade razors tend to shred the hair. That increases the likelihood of ingrown hair and it also makes the tip sharper on the touch, for example when kissing another person and rubbing them against another person’s skin. My experience confirms that is true.
Am I the only one who uses their disposable 3 or 5 blade razor cartridges for months at a time? I shave probably once a week and they last almost 5 months for me. I only need to buy a warehouse replacement pack every decade,
I moved to Europe 5 years ago and I just changed my last cartridge from the first package I bought
If you’re only shaving once a week, then yeah I imagine they would last awhile. The default usage is probably daily for most men.
Similarly, I use Parker's shavette[1] (I believe that's proper word in English). It's like straight razor but with interchangeable blades (same blades as for safety razor). Also, shaving cream and brush instead of canned foam (better and cheaper). After initial cost of about 50€, yearly cost is about 10€ for blades, cream and aftershave. Shavette could last virtually for a life and brush probably ~15 years (trying to extrapolate from mine which is about 8 years old).

[1] https://www.parkershaving.com/p/sr1-barber-razor/sr1-barber-...

After switching to a shavette after using a safety razor for a few years, I'd highly recommend a straightrazor. I actually get a better shave, in about the same time. When I nick myself, it doesn't bleed anywhere near as long, either. Blades last twice as long too, because I only use half each time.
Or grow a beard and/or other body hair.
Yes, that is the solution to this silly conundrum. Men tend to come equipped with beards once puberty hits, women happen to have fine hairs growing on their legs, both sexes have hair growing in their genital area and under their armpits. Woe to the one who ever came up with the idea of putting a stigma on natural hair growth.
It makes you realize how rubbish the big brand razors are. I used to use a Gillette "how many blades can we stuff into this plastic" piece of shite that cost a fortune. My face appreciates the safety razor with a single blade.

I bought a bulk pack of 3000 blades for about $30 from eBay. I got those when my kid was 6 and now he's old enough to be using them. It's a staggering saving.

I have had to replace my handle once though, they don't seem to be made that well, the outer shiny layer bubbled and peeled.

I've repaired multiple gas stoves for people. The SiC element which heats up to ignite the gas fails over time. My neighbors were just replacing their stove every time this happened until I showed them how to do it.
I do about an appliance repair per year for me, one of our parents, or a close friend. It’s shocking to me how ready someone is to buy a $900 washer instead of replacing < $50 of wear parts. (Many times it seems they never even ask themselves “could this be fixed?” In the most recent case, the lint trap and duct needed a good cleaning, no parts.)
Could I ask for some more info, I think I might be having the same issue?
Google your oven model and “hot surface igniter”. (I haven’t seen any on stove/cooktops, but usually on ovens. Stovetops seem to mostly use spark ignition.)
In my case, it manifested as an over which would take forever to come to temperature. The gas valve won’t turn on until the hot surface igniter allows a certain amount of current through.

It’s about a one hour repair on most ovens if you haven’t done it before. A ten minute job if you have.

(comment deleted)
Certain vacuum cleaners.

There are still vacuum cleaner repair shops in many cities. But they're often hard to find because they don't have the money to advertise or a web site.

If you're a DIY person, look at Dyson. People on HN like to complain about Dyson vaca because they're expensive. But they're also a good example of right-to-repair.

Mine recently had a problem and I found out that almost every part of it can be ordered online, even though it's older. And when my part arrived, disassembly was simple, and the instructions clear. It even came with new screws.

HNers in the Washington, DC, area should be aware that there is a repair place at Connecticut Avenue and Macomb St. NW.
Kitchenaid Stand Mixers. The parts can be bought from Kitchenaid directly for reasonable costs and from my experience no special tools are needed. Lots of videos online too.
I frequently repair tools. If a handle breaks, I have a bamboo plant that I periodically harvest from that makes surprisingly good handles for e.g. garden shovels. My wife had a pair of small scissors with a broken handle that I repaired with lashings saturated with CA glue. Stuff like shower mats can be sunned out to kill mold, but they will eventually just need to be thrown out.
I watched my dad do handy things when growing up so I have a default mindset that anything can be fixed or at least jury rigged.

Today even though most such repair is not worth my time per se, I want my son to grow up seeing dad figure out how to do stuff so he also expects himself to be able to figure out whatever comes up.

Lots of the more analogue electronic stuff that stopped working "for no reason" can often be repaired very easily (might require some basic soldering skills.) Just opening up the device and following the wire will often reveal that it is something banal, like the wire not being tightly secured somewhere.