Ask HN: How to navigate the world as a brain-damaged 17 year old?

181 points by AdviceAlt ↗ HN
Hello. I'm 17, in the UK, doing A levels. I was previously highly successful for my age, academically and in extracurricular programming projects. I was reasonably competent at programming, and have created and deployed dozens of small-medium projects, some in teams. Computer science, physics, biology, and maths were easy; I got top of the class without trying. I went to a technical school that was almost perfect.

I had a pretty clear plan: Apply to Oxbridge. Failing that, do a degree apprenticeship at GCHQ etc.

March last year my friend was attacked by bullies at school. I tried to help, I was kicked in the head multiple times. The perpetrators got away with it because of our pathetic "justice" system. I was off school for 6 months and I have post-concussion syndrome. I am now below average intelligence. I am constantly fatigued. I have constant headaches. When symptoms are particularly bad I can barely walk or process speech. When I've been able to rest for a extended period I feel almost like I used to, but everything degrades whenever I try to actually do something. My doctor has been helpful and sympathetic, but I am still waiting on specialist help via the NHS.

I am a year into my A levels. I have done nothing but study this year. I wake up, go to school, stay awake with caffeine tablets and strong painkillers, get home, revise, then sleep. It's the same at weekends. Studying is extremely difficult and I retain far less information. I optimise my time with Anki, spaced repetition, and Obsidian. Despite this effort, I had to drop an A level (further maths), which made my already infitesimal chance of Oxbridge zero, and I am barely staying afloat in other qualifications. My current A levels are maths, physics, and compsci.

I don't do much programming now, but when I do I'm significantly worse. The most noticeable difference is in my working memory; where previously I would just write something, I now become overwhelmed if I don't meticulously plan and break the problem up first.

I have no clue how to continue. At the current rate, I will get good enough grades to get into one of the local unis. I think I'd be OK with a computer science course, as I already know much of the content. However, I don't think I can do an apprenticeship or other form of inflexible work - I am not reliably awake, and I'm simply not that intelligent anymore. I plan to take a gap year whatever I do to get some rest.

I've considered trying to work as a freelancer running a software business (after A levels/degree), as that would hopefully allow for more flexibility regarding symptoms. However, I have absolutely no clue how I would go about doing that, or if it's a good option. I can do desktop or web dev, I know Python, Rust, and TS well.

I'm not really sure what I'm asking. Is the freelance idea a good one? I really don't know how to do things as someone who's motivated, and retains a lot of knowledge I learnt before my concussion, but struggles to learn new things and stay awake. I'd appreciate some advice.

112 comments

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First of all, Oxbridge is not that big a deal. I went there, it's just a bunch of people studying the same stuff they study everywhere else.

Second, what medical help are you getting? Seek out professional advice on whatever condition you've got.

You seem like you're still brighter than most people in your cohort. Don't be disheartened. If you can code, there will be things for you to do.

But find out about your condition first, and worry about uni afterwards. It's not the end of the world taking some time out either, just to de-stress.

Oxbridge is a huge deal, maybe not so much for the education, but definitely for the connections
IMO professional connections are more valuable. Friends from uni will end up doing all sorts of things, most of them unrelated to you.
Also former Oxbridge attendee, it really isnt a reputation that is fully deserved. Local unis are more than fine. What matters more is your outlook on life, openness and adeptness to exploring yourself, industries and communities - ultimately resulting in mastery of a niche (or niches) and then hopefully wealth. Can Oxbridge facilitate some of this? Sure, but your local uni can too.
In terms of medical help, the NHS is focusing on preventing the headaches. I've been prescribed topirimate, which gave me horrible side effects (stopped after 3 days), and small dosage amitriptyline, which I'm currently decreasing the dose of in order to get off of because it's not helping and it also gives me side effects. I've got an MRI scheduled in 3 months time. It's all moving quite slowly, and the focus on headaches and prescribing medicines over cognitive performance isn't particularly helpful. My GP (Family doctor) has been excellent but there's a limited amount he can do.

Neurofeedback has been suggested in this thread and I can get it privately here for about £2000, so I'm considering that. It's a lot of money but could have a very high ROI if it works. I'm also on a very long waitlist for hyperbaric oxygen therapy run by a charity. There's some limited evidence that it helps people heal.

I'm not brighter than most of my cohort, though my cohort is a pretty bright group of people. I'm just about keeping up through stubbornness and doing nothing but studying.

Compared to the average teenager my age - they'd probably get a better score on an IQ test, but I don't spend my time drinking and partying, and over the course of the year I've gotten my grades from Es to Bs, so I suppose I'm probably still a bit above average.

I will definitely be taking a gap year(s?) between A levels and uni.

Thank you.

It sucks what happened to you but look at the positive side, you’re still here with us. Could’ve been worse. The brain is amazingly good at recovery so give it time.
Hey, sorry to hear about the bullies, I don't understand why everyone tolerates the tragically broken school systems we have (I'm in the U.S., and my experience with school wasn't great either. Nobody cares here either.)

I can't give much in terms of life advice, but maybe you'll find this video from Strange Parts interesting, a YouTuber who almost lost everything due to a head injury and got terrible advice from well-meaning medical professionals. I have No idea if this could possibly be useful, but I hate the idea that someone might be able to recover still but never gets the right help.

https://youtu.be/Gs790JOeN3Y

There's so many different kinds of head injuries, though, and I'm sure they are all very different. But, I still wish you best of luck in recovery.

Thank you for the link. It's good to know that people can heal with proper treatment. Getting that treatment is difficult in the UK. As a nation we've entirely committed to a national health system. It's broken and everyone knows it, but it's presented a binary option between the NHS and the American system: there is no discussion of the European health systems that appear, at least from the outside, to be significantly better.

The education system infuriates me. I go to a technical school, it's meant to be for intelligent, motivated people to learn in peace and safety. But because of our ban on new grammar schools, bullies were let in - had to be let in - and their actions taken for granted. People insist standards are high, but they're only high if it's someone with a history of being civilised doing something wrong. It's just expected that there are violent people who will fuck things up for everyone around them, and nothing is really done about it.

> there is no discussion of the European health systems that appear, at least from the outside, to be significantly better.

Problems with the NHS are not about the model, they're about the funding. The current government has defunded Public Health, has defunded social care, and has defunded the NHS. They've also made it harder for people to immigrate to the UK. These decisions have caused immense pressure on the NHS.

We already have a Euro-style insurance model for dentistry, and everyone agrees it doesn't work.

Make sure your diet is good & healthy, and get regular exercise. Walking is good.

Supplements would likely help. B Complex (10-25mg for most B vitamins), magnesium, zinc, lutein (20mg) and fish oil are all good. Most of those, if not all, fight inflammation and help with recovery and fight fatigue.

Try doing crosswords and mental math. Both work your memory in different ways.

Do not use supplements without checking it with your doctor.
Brains heal, but very slowly. (My wife has brain damage.)

I recommend more rest for a few years.

Also, learn to fight back hard.

>fight back hard

Bad advice, especially in UK and in OP's age bracket. The UK has a sharp rise in knife incidents, moreso at younger ages.

https://news.sky.com/story/fatal-stabbings-in-england-and-wa...

it is also worth pointing out that there is an nascent increase in guns in addition to knives now. Plus fighting back often leads to academic consequences even in cases of self defence. I was placed into a behavioural management program the one time I fought back.
I'd take that over permanent brain damage any day.
Theoretically, but in the situation it's hard to percieve the threat level of your perpetrator and it can affect your education long term. Often bullies will be satisfied with only mild violence or insults, and trying but failing to defend yourself can often worsen matters and more permanent solutions are off the table thanks to criminal law.
Unfortunately fighting back in the UK could go either way, it's not like the American school bully in films, kids over here are getting increasingly groomed into criminal gangs and carrying knives etc. Depends where abouts the OP lives, but in some inner city schools especially, it could just escalate massively, sadly
Not helping solve your problem, but regardless alertness talk to your doctor about Modafinil or Adrafinil - both are non-addictive "vigilance" drugs, I have hypersomnia and mild narcolepsy; I've been taking Modafinil for over 9 years and it's truly transformed my life.
Get a university degree. The quality of the university does not really matter, especially not in the long term.

I went to a shitty unknown school in France but I got hired in Amazon as a new grad and have been working there for years now (in the UK since 2 years). I have constantly people from top companies reaching out to me with job offers.

Going straight for freelance or any type of work after A levels is simply a total waste and a terrible idea. Get your degree, get a decent job and start your freelance business on the side. Only go full time once you have enough work to sustain yourself.

You might look into neurofeedback. It has helped some people regain brain function. When it works, it can work well, and it's non-invasive so you don't have to worry about side effects. The book Symphony in the Brain is probably the best intro. There's also a chapter in the book The Body Keeps the Score.
+1 to neurofeedback, it helped me a lot
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The bullies might have gotten away with this criminal-wise but what about civil damages? It looks like they severely damaged your ability to sustain yourself financially.
I would echo this advice, In the UK you can press civil charges against the assailants within 2 years of the crime.
I hadn't considered that. Thank you for mentioning it. I'd like to avoid adding even more stress, but I'll see if I can talk to a lawyer about it.
Yeah I agree it might be tough psychologically. But from the deepest human point of view it is only fair. Why should you be the only person who bears the burden of the 100% result of someone else's actions?
I'm not sure what the situation is like in the UK but is this all stuff that needs to happen now? Because you don't sound like you're doing too well. You're studying drugged on caffeine and painkillers and then wonder why you don't retain information well.

From what I've seen first hand a concussion like this needs time to heal. Your brain, the organ responsible for processing information, has been harmed and needs to heal.

The main thing you need is time, which you seem to be lacking severely. That is the part I would focus on first. I'm not familiar enough with the UK's educational system to tell you how, but if you know where you want to end up try to find a way that gives you more time (whether that means starting later or starting something else and then transferring).

Agreed. In your shoes I would take a year out to recover. University is not going anywhere. A year can seem like a long time when you’re 17, but it’s really not.
Also, a year at university when you have good health habits will result in much more learning than a year when you have poor habits.
I entered college at 17. I remember there were two "Mature students" in my year who seemed old. They were in their mid 20s. They hung out together between classes, and didn't stay on-campus getting involved in clubs, societies, drinking competitions etc. In short: they were adults, and being a student, I felt that I had deferred adulthood for a few years. Looking back as a 47 year old, it feels utterly ridiculous. I dropped out of college, farted about for a few years and only started to get somewhere on my career years later, and still passed out my old graduate friends. By the time I hit 35 I was debt-free. I now work a 30 hour week, by choice. Taking a year or five out at 17 isn't a big deal as long as they help you heal and grow.
Ya investing in healing is the best thing to do right for yourself in my opinion. 17 is really young even more when at this age you already know Rust, Python, and TS well… At this age I was barely starting to code. You could be 22 and know those well and I will still say you are young have a heads up. Not many people have this advantage.

So use this heads up you got at your advantage to negate what is happening to you right now, by taking the time to heal first. It will literally pay dividends of a lifetime.

I will be praying for you.

That's the plan with the gap year. I'm not sure about taking a year out in the middle of my A levels. I'm hoping next year is better. As a result of doing further maths I did the two-year maths course in one year but didn't do the exam this year due to not getting the necessary grades. The plan with the course structure is to do further maths next year, but I've dropped it, so I should need to "just" improve my maths grade through practice instead of learning new content. I still have computer science and physics of course.

I've got three weeks left of this academic year, and since we've finished the content for the year I might take those three weeks out so I get 9 weeks of break before next year. Hopefully I can improve in that time.

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If you can afford it, the gap year sounds like a good start as it would give you some time for the NHS to catch up and for your body to heal.

I do not recommend freelancing, as it is likely to generate even more stress. From the options you mention, the local uni would be my choice: I didn't know how much I didn't know until I started CS, and I've never had anyone actually care about who gave me my degree.

For what it's worth: you still write very well.
You went through a highly traumatic event. Be kind to yourself. What I read in between the lines is that you maybe have too high expectations for someone that experience such a thing recently. You're young and you have plenty of time to recover. Pick the one thing you enjoy the most and focus on that for a while. See if that helps.

Let yourself recover.

You're already asking for help, though HN may not be the ideal venue for this. Try to get into therapy (of whatever kind helps you the most).

Firstly, read about the recovery of YC founder Hiroki Takeuchi after his injuries. He built a team and led a company that was a highlight of my professional life and which is still growing strong.

Then, find two communities of people local to you.

The first, fellow programmers to continue to practice your craft alongside.

The second, people who do something with their bodies — dancing or rock climbing or basketball.

It may feel like the people at your school whom you would have expected to protect you have betrayed you. They have indeed failed you. It is tempting to hide away to be alone. It is tempting to only reach out to people on the internet who can at best offer superficial companionship. I ask you to resist that temptation.

There are still people who care even though they are human. In this moment what matters is that you find people to be beside you so that you still have a team. Few things are built alone. Many are built by building a team.

> I was off school for 6 months and I have post-concussion syndrome. I am now below average intelligence.

I had a lot of concussions as a kid; at one point I had three in a row the effectively zeroed out my short term memory. I had a task to memorize 5 paragraphs from some Shakespeare writing. Additionally, I was unable to do basic math in the timelines given for testing. Among those symptoms I'd also stopped eating and my childhood depression worsened. Things didn't look too good.

I went to cognitive neurotherapy done by Dr Jonathan Walker (https://www.neurotherapydallas.com/copy-of-about-1) in Dallas, TX. I was first given a brain scan to set a baseline and did months of EEG oriented games that targeted areas of my brain that were seemingly less active. At some point I had a small seizure while playing the games and the ease with which I played increased rapidly. Within a couple weeks I was able to memorize the lines I was required to and my math returned to functional levels. Check in to cognitive neurotherapy, as far as I know it's still experimental but it seemed to help me a lot. They also give it to war veterans with TBI (Traumatic brain injuries) at the VA.

Thank you, I hadn't heard of cognitive neurotherapy/neurofeedback. It's been suggested by some other people in this thread. I looked into it and I can get it privately for ~£2000, which is within viability.
Tough road, kid, tough road. I had pretty serious brain damage when I was a child -- dyspraxia, dysgraphia, a bunch of other poorly-understood stuff -- and even today I'm still patchy. I've learned to have NT people handle the stuff I don't, like calendaring (I can't do time zones at all) and to be sensitive about tabulated data. I'm 51 now, and I've had a fairly successful career spanning a number of fields.

Two lessons from my experience.

1) the brain is incredibly plastic and over time figures out how to get things done

2) intense practice of very simple activities leads to very surprising and dramatic rewards -- video games with a strong hand-eye coordination component vastly improved my dyspraxia (at my age, we're talking Pac Man in arcades!) and then I moved on to tai chi. Deliberate practice of very simple things seems to be powerfully transformative for people struggling with neurological issues in general.

I don't know how much it helps, but strong odds there is a future. The year between A Levels and university to give yourself time to heal before you go straight into the next thing is a great idea. I also imagine there's a ton of emotional fall out from your attack and that also takes time to heal.

Shit hand of cards. You sound like you're doing a good job of coping. Keep on going it will improve over time.

Thank you, that's good to hear.
America has a vast brain damage problem from explosions in Iraq and American football.

If you’re looking for ideas about how to recover from concussion damage they have a state of the art interest in the field.

GOOD LUCK!

The image of you having a movie trope training montage involving pac man and tai chi is amazing.

What careers did you pursue?

Well now…

Co-invented the world’s fastest voxel renderer in 1993

Paid for a year in digital currency… in 1999

Pioneered content management systems for really hairy databases in the early 2000s. One of those projects is still going.

Went into energy policy after 9/11. Editorial team for the Pentagon’s study on the future strategic significance of oil.

Cryptographic design work for the US Office of the Secretary of Defence around 2008

World class work on worst case scenario pandemics and sheltering people after nuclear terrorism around then too.

Project managed the Ethereum launch in 2015.

But the really interesting stuff is http://myhopeforthe.world

I’ve kept busy. :)

Not bad for a man who couldn’t write until 17

Thanks for sharing the story, i’ll check out the site as well. It’s nice to hear about and get to know interesting folks on HN!
That's awesome. Thanks for sharing.
Can you get your brain damage recognised as an official disability. That might assist you getting admitted into University or government jobs. I doubt you want to play the disability card but future you might forgive present you. And the best case scenario is that your brain gets better and you do great in your job.

Changing the subject you say, "When I've been able to rest for a extended period I feel almost like I used to, but everything degrades whenever I try to actually do something". People recovering from CFS or long Covid are (I think) given explicit advice to not push yourself because you will stay broken. I'm really sorry because that advice is not compatible with A levels study and the expectations that you have of what you _should_ be able to achieve.

Good luck

Freelance means more control over when you work and what you work on, but it also means more effort to find work, keep your finances in order, and ensure that you are meeting the demands of your clients (who maybe sympathetic to your situation to start with, but that might change if you fail to meet deadlines).

Existing in a team environment, with hopefully support and compassion, may be better for you while your recover, and you'll gain professional insights you don't get when working by yourself.

I wouldn't recommend going freelance in your situation. It seems like a silver bullet, but it's honestly quite a lot of extra work. In Denmark at least, we have a lot of legal requirements and reporting, that needs to be done if you're running a business. Failing to do most of it in time means being fined or paying interest to the tax authorities. I don't know if it's easier in the UK, but suspect it's not.
Thank you for the advice. I don't think I'll go the freelance route, at least without significant improvement.
That must have been a very difficult experience to survive! Do you find yourself coming back to it? I know from experience that trauma can get in the way of functioning and look like reduced intelligence and focusing. Being joyous is part of being healthy and motivated, it keeps our juices running. Do you have enough help to process emotions related with that? You seem very energetic and trying hard to keep to some standards or promises. No matter what happened to your brain, you as a body and soul deserve very much care, compassion and attention, give yourself as much love and trust as you can and ask people close to you for more. I wish you get everywhere in life you wanted, maybe for some time you will just move slower than you hoped :( Give yourself full permission to go as slow or as fast as you can!
Sounds like you are very ambitious

But something quite traumatic has happened to you

Those symptoms you are experiencing could be your body trying to protect yourself

It sounds like you're trying to ignore those signals with caffeine tablets and other bypasses

If I was in your position I would start trying to figure out when you experience disregularation so you can notice it

I'd also be thinking about grieving for yourself and trying to process those signals your body is telling you

This is not an easy thing to do

If I were you I would try to get a job where people are aware of your situation and give your breaks whenever you need them. Freelancing adds extra stress, because you are outside the "easy" system for taxes, welfare and healthcare. As an employee all this is handled by your employer, which can be a great relief in times of stress. Maybe try to find a job at a government related employer. At least in my country they are generally less performance oriented.

Also, like others said, don't write yourself off. Your injury may need time to heal and you may be back sooner than you think. Try everything not to burn out until then.

I may not a great advice giver in this context, because my only qualification is that I write a fair bit of code and I'm in a university. But two things stand out to me.

1. Your value in life does not depend on any academic or other accomplishments. There are many people I respect that are not what you would call accomplished. Your brain damage may have changed you, but if I knew you in real life, I would not respect you less -- I would likely respect you more, because you sound like a fighter. That being said, choose your battles and try to find the path of least resistance.

2. Regarding universities, a lot of professors are happy to make accommodations. Communication is everything. You have shown spirit, and people rightfully respect that, because it's not all about how much code or papers or whatever other metric you can bash out. It's all about real life issues you are motivated to work on, and you will notice that when you get to a stage where writing letters is more important than grades. I don't know if that is already the case to some degree for Oxbridge for undergrads. The only advise I can give you regarding that is reach out, and reach out early. Your case is fairly unique, and if you can find an office or some other advocate for you inside universities, it could benefit you a lot for to reach your goals.