Ask HN: How are so many fake ads allowed on YouTube?

80 points by porsager ↗ HN
One third of all commercials I see on youtube are outright fake. Either it's a fake business story, fake description of "inventions" or outright deep fakes of famous people dubbed to telling lies. I can't figure out why google / youtube are taking this so lightly, or what it is that is missing from their approval procedure (don't they have any?).

The production quality is good enough to cheat eg. my parents, but it doesn't take me 2 seconds to spot it, so I'm amazed it can go on.

Anyone with background insights into the approval / reporting procedure or knowledge of if Google just doesn't care?

I also assume there must be a healthy business for someone, producing these commercials for companies so eager for attention - could they maybe be called out?

For instance, the one triggering me to make this post was of Elon Musk, unveiling some trading platform leading to this site[1], where the video in the ad can also be seen. I have no idea how to link to the youtube ads, but if I did I would have collected a loonng list of fakes by now.

[1] https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-tucker-carlson-elon-musk/fact-check-tucker-carlson-segment-on-elon-musk-quantum-ai-is-fake-idUSL1N3A90N2

90 comments

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Here is another I have seen,

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BK0zRsCcsBs

Elon Musk deepfake talking about some AI garbage, but the interesting thing about this video is that:

- There isn't a product being promoted per se.

- The channel running this ad doesn't have any links on its channel.

- The company practically doesn't exist that is running the ad.

And I have seen a few others while going through Shorts, so it's definitely something that is either hard for them to monitor, or they haven't yet bothered to look into it in-depth.

When I was young, I thought "freedom of speech" meant that the government should not stop you from saying things that were true or that you believed to be true that they did not like. The kind of free speech we talk about when we say the Iran or China lacks free speech.

Recently, I have grown to learn that free speech might also include flat out lies that further your own addenda and be about companies not just governments.

All that is to say, that YouTube ads for bogus Amazon strategies and miracle weightloss and hearing plans and now deep fake sponsorships are here because giant companies no longer vet anything and if they did, certain segments of our society will complain that they are being censored.

It's not freedom of speech if someone is claiming to be someone they aren't (false representation) or claiming benefits that don't exist (false advertising) for financial gain. This is fraud and is illegal. There's not much of a freedom of speech argument around it and even pro speech people wouldn't come to the defense of someone lying about their product.
I've never really accepted the whole "fraud isn't free speech" thing. Fundamentally free speech would allow you to threaten or lie to anyone about anything, but that's why there are limits to freedoms.
Shorts is a cesspool of unmoderated content. The amount of content that violates YouTube rules is astounding.

I got fed animal cruelty a number of times in the early days of shorts. Maybe it thought I was interested from the one I must have lingered on to report it.

(comment deleted)
I'm a recent but heavy user of Shorts and have never noticed this since I started. I've also noticed a reduction in the amount of alt-right dog-whistle type content that I was getting. It's possible improvements are being made.
Yeah, I was also surprised when I scrolled Shorts a while back on how far off it was from my normal viewing habits. Either alt-right podcasts with dumb fake outrage stuff, or for some reason constant videos of dancing. Neither which is close to my viewing habit on YT which is 99% British panel shows. Gotten a bit better, though. Might also be other types of content having started to use that part of the platform, so they actually have something relevant to serve me.

At least I can scroll YT Shorts on public transit. No matter how many times I'm saying "not interested on" half-naked girls, and it not being relevant to anything I'm following on Insta, I get it all the time..

I get served shorts that are essentially soft core porn on a regular basis.

Featuring yoga poses, back lit crotch shots, and women wearing electrical tape on the cat walk.

I cant seem to make them stop no matter what I do. Probably because I coach a womans sport and watch a lot of that sport on youtube.

"Oh you watch womens sports, you must want to see these videos of models wearing nothing but tape!"

> Elon Musk deepfake talking about some AI garbage

Are you sure that's a fake? That seems pretty on brand...

There is no incentive to remove them.
The worst part is that reporting these as a scam just results in Google replying with the boilerplate "we did not find that this ad violates our terms of service" almost invariably. As it's Google, I am basically just assuming this is because of greed and Google are profiting off the ads so they have no incentive to take them down.
I've been flagging some of these scams lately and one did get banned but others have not, they were all some version of the BBC or a US talk show host interviewing Elon Musk stating that he is investing in something. The dubbing is terrible, i don't understand how they say the they are valid ads.
It may be geo specific, the dodgiest advertisements ive seen is some guy trying to sell course on undestanding bitcoin.
I keep getting shown fake Mr. Beast "videos" which are actually ads copying his style 100% and promising $1000 by just clicking on it, clear scams seem to be acceptable for YouTube, anything that pays good money is welcomed, I guess.
iirc often also with lots of fake comments claiming it's legit
Aside:

Mr. Beast's shtick is both genius and so dumb to me. Like, the entire premise of his videos is money-money-money.

I mean, of course he's going to get some views with that formula. And yeah, I know he really does have a good understanding of how YT's audience works and how to target it. He's talked about his grinding rise to fame for years now.

But still, he didn't really attack the human mind, he just is playing off of our base impulses. He's the Publisher's Clearing House commercials but for YT. It's not adding anything to the world except base entertainment (a worthy thing in the right circumstances, of course).

I don't know, he found his edge (money! YT!) and has dogged it relentlessly. And that's great for him.

But, I dunno, I feel like his talents are larger than that. That he can make some really good stuff that will last longer than all of us.

These often outright disturbing ads are the real reason I have to block ads. Even if I were somehow convinced that using a service while blocking ads is wrong, I simply will not take the risk of seeing another disturbing weird fake ad.
On slashdot's mobile website half the ads are pictures of infected toes or something. I don't even know what they're trying to sell.
I've also wondered that, seeing MrBeast giveaway ads to fakedomains every other day. Reporting all those gets exhausting soon.
On FB I’m getting ads for drugs. It used to be subtle, now it’s just “we have the purest cocaine” with photos and everything. It seems like filtering ads in general is a difficult problem.
It is difficult to get Google to fix something when their income depends on it remaining broken.
Their income depends on the platform being popular, which means they should (and they do) try to keep it clean
They have a monopoly so they don't have to care about keeping it clean.
I think it's less a case of it being difficult and more a case of there being little to no incentive (in the short term, anyway) to do a good job of it. Fake/illegal ads pay the same as real ads
> I think it's less a case of it being difficult

Pff, you can moderate content of people who are paying you money. Surely each of these is getting reported like crazy as well.

I’m sure they are, and I suspect any specific instance gets removed eventually, but every extra hour that takes is extra impressions the advertiser is paying for.
I'm sure Zuckerberg will get the same sentence as Ulbricht.
As far as I can tell, fraudulent ads are legal in the US, but this is not true of all jurisdictions; UK viewers can report fraudulent ads to the Advertising Standards Agency.

https://www.asa.org.uk/news/like-comment-and-comply-youtube-...

(not that this does very much, since the outcome is very rarely actual fines, just a requirement to stop running the ad)

False advertising is not legal in the US, but there's a lot of deception that is allowed under the guise of puffery and such.
Google makes money, so they are happy to look away. The scams (e.g. Mr Beast fake video) are identical so it would be trivial to automatically kick them from the platform. The crypto bro's ads are also pretty much identical.

The crypto bro ads are hilarious and it looks like they all use the same platform. I wonder if all of them are part of a ponzi scheme in which someone sells a course to sell crypto courses.

Something I do, which is a bit silly, is to click the ad just to burn money from the scammers.

You might be interested in AdNauseum [0]

> Built atop uBlock Origin, AdNauseam quietly clicks on every blocked ad, registering a visit on ad networks' databases.

[0]: https://adnauseam.io/

Thanks for the tip!

For a while I've been thinking of setting a VM that navigates the interwebs clicking on random links to generate tracking noise. I need to find out how to do that :D.

I love the idea after reading the site, this line, however, scares me about the addon:

    Access your data for all websites
It needs access to all websites' data as it needs to see & interact with the tabs to be able to detect & simulate clicks on those ads.
uBlock Origin has the same requirement. Basically, to block ads on any website, it needs access to the data on any website. The wording of the permission is a bit weird maybe.
Yeah, it's a catch-all permission that says the extension wants to examine the DOM and HTTP requests. Absolutely necessary for any browser-based ad blocking.
It kinda has to do that to be able to click on the ads.
> Something I do, which is a bit silly, is to click the ad just to burn money from the scammers.

And give it to Google? I don't know which is worse.

Google makes money, so they are happy to look away.

I personally think they know this about kids being addicted to YouTube too. I see so so so many kids in my life spend hours on end watching Minecraft videos and the likes. I get it, "the parents"!!! However if a child's parents don't have the time to police their kids internet usage, they fall victim to this pray very, very easily.

I have some friends who don't have a lot of money and they both work together running a cafe. The kids basically have to look after themselves because the parents are just too busy working. The kids just spend practically all their free time watching this shit.

Google cannot be so naive.

A very large portion of ads on Indian YouTube is some charlatan inviting to join masterclass/workshop/seminar where they try to brainwash you into buying a "course that will change you life".

Most of these fake gurus have been exposed but YouTube keeps running their ad.

Omg. Yesterday I watched an ad that explained in an AI voice how tinnitus causes memory loss and within three years I’ll be unable to form any new memories. It was absolutely ridiculous, low effort, overseas fraud.

Google has become a toilet of the Internet. The ad quality and quantity have degraded severely this year. I still think that based on how much they’re selling out any remaining trust or brand quality, they must be secretly struggling in a very bad way.

I saw the exact same ad
How about that guy who says you can’t lose weight by cutting carbs? He is so over-exposed that the other scam ads talk about him! Or the ads I see all the internet that talk about what form of exercise or intermittent fasting is good depending on the last digit of your age or the ratio of your thumb length to your p4s length which you know is not really about exercise or intermittent fasting or your age or your thumb or your p4s, but really they will send you to some site that plays a video that drones on for an hour and a half and finally pushes some lame-ass supplement.

They must have a terrible conversion rate but they do OK because you can never unsubscribe once you get signed up unless you are really well connected and can call your congressman who can call the president who can call the joint chiefs of staff who can sic the navy SEALs on their ass.

I just got this one as the first ad I saw now while browsing in an incognito tab. I really had no idea how far the quality has fallen, dang.
FYI to anyone reading this that gets ads in incognito, but not regular browser: you can go to manage plugin for uBlock Origin (the chrome page, not the unlock Origin settings page), and check the box to allow it to run in incognito.
"Google has become a toilet of the Internet". Well, they are recycling it into gold right now.
I don’t understand why these ads aren’t considered criminal fraud, why Google and its directors aren’t held criminally responsible for said fraud, and why all the income derived from such fraud is considered proceeds of crime and seized.

Oh, wait, I do understand. It’s because criminal law is only really meant for the little people who sold some marijuana and not the corporations facilitating massive worldwide fraud.

If I help personally defraud one person? Straight to jail. But Google helps defraud millions of people? Here please take some more taxpayer cash.

While I agree that the force of the justice system heavily targets the non-rich, I did see a former U.S. president on trial for fraud yesterday.
The rich are only held accountable when they screw over other rich people/other larger entities (like banks). Occasionally when a company engages in exceptionally egregious conduct against average people they can get a larger slap on the wrist via a class action suit, but it seems like those are becoming more rare, especially since anti-class action clauses are standard practice in contracts.
I'd consider that an exception that proves the rule
You shouldn't consider it the exception.

The rich are usually not so narcissistic they will only let sycophants work for them, so they dot their i's and cross their t's correctly. There's a lot of room for being sneaky in ways most of us disapprove of before it crosses into criminal.

However, we've also had Bernie Madoff and… wow, this is a long list of American politicians convicted of fraud:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_politicians_...

I've only noticed four overlap on the subcategory of mail and wire fraud, too:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Politicians_convicted...

And at the time of writing, this list is disjoint also:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Politicians_convicted...

(Though looking at the details, that isn't what I would've expected from the description "American politicians convicted of" as a Canadian is included; technically yes, and I won't speak either way as to if I think you should count that).

How many rich people went to jail for Enron, how many for the savings and loan crisis? How can anyone go to jail for drugs when none of the Sacklers have?
Enron is a terrible example given they did have a trial and even multiple convictions, just that some were undone on technicalities — including in one case "dying of a heart attack before exhausting all appeals".
A portion of this fraudulent money gets directed straight towards the election of the people responsible for creating and enforcing these laws.
This is very literally true; in particular, there seems to be an intersection between scam supplements and rightwing marketing. Famous talking heads advertising "brain force" pills and so on.
Totally agree and I have nothing meaningful to say aside from how confusing is the word defraud for me as a non english speaker, I always think it means to cancel the fraud, and not commit it
On behalf of the creators of the English language, I extend my apologies for most of it; it seems to be half made of technical debt. The one that really gets me is "inflammable" - it just means flammable.
How were so many malware adverts allowed on Google's ad networks in the past? For the same reason: they just don't care.
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If anyone has NOT noticed these ads running constantly on YouTube, I’d encourage you to spend 10 minutes on the site in an incognito window.

I would have thought this thread was overblown had I not inadvertently done that a few weeks ago. But it was truly surprising just how awful the “untailored” ads were.

I'm glad I'm not the only person who thought "I forgot YouTube has ads!" I have a feeling a lot of Hacker News readership has -- at least -- ad-blocking installed on their computers that hides the problem from them.

Unlike the rest of my family, I generally don't watch YouTube, but when I do, it's almost always from something other than a smart TV[0] and I rarely watch videos on my phone[1] (though on my device, I think I'm ad-free there, too).

In a way, it's a lot more of the same. Internet advertising has been a cesspool ... I'm old enough to remember scantily clad women holding X10 devices[2] (usually cameras) in pop-under ads, along with "cyber cash", online casinos and the like. I used to selectively unblock sites that I didn't want to starve of advertising revenue but that stopped when ads became a popular way to deliver malware. Once that became a thing, the gauntlet went down -- I stopped feeling even the slightest bit of guilt about filtering.

I can't say it's (at all) surprising. The scammers have a system where they can produce a large volume of trash at a low cost and make a profit on a few (often naive/elderly/other) poor souls. There's the usual "policing content is orders of magnitude harder than producing it", "lack of sufficient penalty on those producing the ads" combined with lack of sufficient pressure/penalty on those displaying the ads to police them well enough[3]. It's so bad now that you could do exactly what you said -- Google could, literally, run a script to capture the ads from 10 minutes of incognito play, ban them all and would catch, maybe one?, that isn't a law/terms of service violation. Some of these ads make the offers appearing in my spam folder look about as trustworthy.

Add into that "I'm the problem, too" in that rather than "making a lot of noise about this issue", I simply implement ever-more complex ways of eliminating advertising from my life wherever it exists. Due to filtering, I rarely see advertisements that aren't of the "product placement" or physically unavoidable variety (billboards/physical advertising in public spaces, though I'm sure mixed reality will let me wipe those out one day, too[4]).

My kids, however, watch YouTube and similar services far more than they watch traditional streaming/TV and they do so on devices that I haven't taken the time to censor. Much worse, however, is the advertisements included in "the dumb game of the week" installed to one of their devices. It got so bad that I put a blanket family rule of "do not install anything on your device without asking me, first." As I have teenagers, now, about the only way I've been able to enforce that rule is "your device gets malware, it gets a factory reset and I provide no help getting the thing restored." About twice a year they get that hard reminder. It doesn't help much.

[0] Hell, for that matter, I don't watch TikTok or other social media videos at all

[1] A story worthy of another post but modern smart phones seem to do something to the audio that when anything is played out of the speaker that isn't "a ring-tone", it has an aspect to it that sounds like "fingernails on a chalkboard." It bothers me so much that if I'm dealing with a Migraine headache the sound coming out of the speaker results in my symptoms amplifying about as badly as if I looked directly at a bright light source -- it's caused me to spontaneously run to the bathroom to vomit before.

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X10_Wireless_Technology

[3] Which, were the penalties big enough would also -- due to "policing content is orders of ma...

my story: when my kids were in age around 5 yo, obviously they were watching YT cartoons, but this will not be story about ElsaGate, this knows everyone.

Some algorithm decided it is good to show during cartoons vasectomy ad. This is weird enough, but somehow I can understand this failed reasoning (kids -> tired parents -> no more kids -> vasectomy).

But this ad consisted only from one slide presenting intersection of penis and nothing more. For long seconds my kids were staring at it before I reacted and turned it off.

I also reported this to my country's authorities and I got some answer they gave Google some fine for this.

Protip: avoid ads on the internet in any way you can.
Not advertisements per se, but I scrolled through my feed the other night and honestly, every single video suggested just seemed to be clickbait / spam / conspiracy nonsense. I'm usually addicted to YouTube, but I had zero interest in viewing any of it.

Not the first time I've felt like this in the last 12 months either.

Edit: Come to think of it, maybe the content is some type of concealed advertising ?

Google will do absolutely anything for money.
The same way fake results are allowed on Google search.

I find youtube unusable with ads on so I only open it on a desktop with uBlock Origin.

I banned YouTube for my teenager due to the amount of fraud and unsafe, fake content. It anything even remotely close was appearing on cable, the FCC would be all over it.
Daily reminder that ublock origin is the best software being currently developed. Adding to this sponsorshipblock extension and the efforts by its community, the web is a place that can be digested again.
I think the standard for fraudulent ad in the US is really high, and understandably so. It's like AR-15, its a very indulging reading of the constitution, that the government shall not impede speech.
The ones that get me are mobile games. They show some cool concept but when you install the game it's just a cookie-cutter pay-to-win RPG type thing.