Launch HN: Univerbal (YC W23) – Language learning with a conversational AI tutor

145 points by Hadjimina ↗ HN
Hi HN we’re David, Sam and Philipp and we’re building Univerbal (https://univerbal.app).

We’re an AI language learning app where you talk to your AI Tutor, just like you would with a human one. Here’s a short demo of what that looks like in an actual conversation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IukKGc00juY

We actually started as a Show HN over a year ago and the responses we got from the HN community led us to apply to YC and make an actual company out of a side project (original Show HN https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32993130). We were called Quazel which we have since realized is too hard to spell and only makes sense in German.

We started off as only offering open-ended conversations. While that is still at the core of what we do, we quickly realized that we need to solve a bigger problem for learners than simply giving them the option to hold a conversation with an AI. Tutoring is (usually) the highest quality of education you can get. The curriculum is based on your interests and needs, you move at your own pace and you get personalized feedback about your specific mistakes.

At the same time, the reality is that tutoring is prohibitively expensive for most people, let alone that it can be very time-consuming to find a tutor that you like and you have to work around their schedule. We want to fix these issues by providing an AI Language Tutor that’s available whenever you want and affordable to everyone.

Now the tricky thing about this, is that a human tutor (to no one’s surprise) actually does many things at the same time, which are very much not straightforward to approximate, even with AI. The interaction part of a tutor session is already the main interaction in Univerbal, through speaking and having the replies read out loud. The hard part intervenes when you try to replicate the progress tracking and tailoring of the curriculum.

These are things that tutors automatically do, and getting a system, even one that’s based on LLM to do something like that is very hard! Our current approach is based on “Skills” (e.g. I can introduce myself), that a user works towards. These are a measure of where the user currently stands and we use this progress in a feedback loop to come up with relevant and interesting next lessons for a learner.

I often get asked, “Ohh so is it like Duolingo?”. When I get that question, I smile, feel something inside me die and then say that, while Duolingo is a great language-learning app, we don’t really see them as our competition, rather we see online tutoring platforms (italki, verbling, cambly etc.) as the companies we’re “attacking”.

We already have a couple of success stories. One of which comes from an Australian user who’s living in Italy and has successfully prepared herself for her Italian B2 language exam by using Univerbal :). If you’d like to give it a try, you can try it without an account for free for 7 days (no credit card required). Afterwards, it’s about $10ish/month.

One thing I’d love to get HN’s opinion on is how much gamification you think we should add. On the one hand, we don’t want to become a “game” and a Tutor lesson is always a “hard” thing and kind of exhausting, but there is obviously some balance to be struck there. Thoughts?

David, Same and Philipp (me :) )

You can try it without an account at https://chat.univerbal.app

136 comments

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This looks really cool, for sure I will to try this out ! I will look into it for Italian.

I'm not sure how much work is it for you guys to add a language, maybe it's easier for you to add languages than for other mainstream platforms thanks to the use of AI ? If it the case, it would be really nice to have one serbo-croatian language, such as croatian or bosnian.

I struggled to find ressources for these languages. Since a few months I have been trying to learn Bosnian (going on a long trek in the balkanies this summer) and I was just not able to find any "modern" service (Duolingo, Babel, etc ...) which supports these languages. I guess it makes sense since almost no-one wakes up and decide to learn Montenegrin, but maybe you can find a niche market.

Anyway, cool product ! I hope you guys make it.

even though the AI might know some of that language, it will probably not be familiar enough to basically never make a mistake. Another problem is that speech recognition, Text to speech and the translator also need to work in that language.
I like it (was actually just thinking about a bot like this after seeing a related submission on hn yesterday).

Bit of feedback: the UI confused me when it asked for what language I want to learn. I didn't realize the flag was a button to choose my language and spent a little while in two different browsers thinking the space next to the microphone was a textbox to type in or the microphone was the button for letting me talk. For some reason "use the buttons above to continue" didn't make any sense to me until now. Maybe cause there was only one button?

Anyways, I don't use a lot of apps and when I do I often find the UI to be confusing, so I might be an outlier here. But I almost gave up and didn't try it.

Good luck!

Yep, I agree that could be made clearer.
The other company in this space I've been following is Speak (https://www.speak.com/). Aside from supported languages, how is Univerbal different?
When learning a new language, you should always go for Swiss guys. we have four national languages ;)
To add something here. We're really focusing on the tutoring aspect and fundamentally tailoring everything to the user's progress. Speak has a couple of ideas that are similar, however many more that are vastly different.
I like it! I wish there was a clear toggle to completely disable audio input/output. I’m trying to practice while baby naps on me, so I can’t say or hear.
I really like it!

It worked the first time after asking for mic permission.

But second time, I did have a problem with the mic button on iOS 16.6.1 getting stuck on but not taking audio input.

Pushing the button again (to cancel perhaps) did nothing.

Switching to tutor mode fixed it for another input.

Just to clarify:

So it showed that it was recording but it actually wasn't? Then you switched to tutor, clicked on the mic again and it worked?

Yes, something in recording was reset and it worked again.

I really like the concept - good execution. I picked up the ability to click on a word for translation easily.

This looks great. Learning a new language as an adult is extremely hard. Curious if the conversations are curated or is there some AI/LLM behind this.

Have struggled with learning Chinese, will give this a shot.

Couple things, all reported from Android Chrome:

1. The FAQ on the landing page hides questions as answers are opened, and it is not obvious that previous answers need to be closed to see everything.

2. On the FAQ page, when opening the hamburger menu, the menu is clipped and must options are hidden.

3. The FAQ question about pricing does not answer the question, and I see no where to get an answer.

4. Re: gamification, I think it is enough to reward users with making progress, and encourage them to use all the different kinds of modes/ features.

Thank you for the hints! All of those are noted and will be fixed asap. We absolutely agree regarding the gamification :)
Re:Pricing, I mentioned something around it in the HN launch. Currently the price is 10-is USD/month.
Talking works great! But I struggle to give reasonable answers because I do not speak my language of choice. I understood all though. So suggestion: offer on option to learn something new and practice verbs.
Did you already try out the guided mode? If not you can always switch in a conversation on the top left chat settings, by pressing on the cogwheel and then switching to guided. Hope this is something that could help you!
There’s definitely a gap for going from zero to something.

The guided conversation is too many words at once, it’s overwhelming. I immediately see a prompt to assemble two sentences from a list of words I don’t know without translations or hints. It’s the opposite problem of Duolingo drilling the same phrase a dozen times a day.

You actually can use the translator too in the helpers section.
Interesting concept! I wanted to try it out but I’m missing Hindi in the list of languages you can learn. Curious about why the languages that made the cut did so and if you plan to add more languages in the short time?
I had the same issue. I've been looking for good ways to learn Hindi.
Thanks for your comment. We're constantly working on adding more languages, but we also want to make sure that we can provide you with excellent Quality in all languages we offer.
It looks like you’ve made a good start. I tried it now with Japanese, and it worked pretty well. I wish you the best of success.

A few comments:

For Japanese, you might want to offer a choice for the amount of kanji to use in the written transcriptions that appear on the screen. Your current transcripts use the standard orthography, including kanji; some learners might like that, while others, especially beginners, will prefer that everything is in kana or romaji.

Other languages have similar aspects that should be customizable for learners: levels of politeness and formality, dialects and accents, grammatical gender, etc. It will be hard to do that with the current LLMs, but as better models become available it should become possible.

Multimodal LLMs that were trained on audio will be necessary for the tutors to respond to users’ pronunciation and intonation, produce natural backchanneling (an important part of conversation in Japanese and some other languages), etc. Perhaps such models will be available later this year.

Regarding gamification, how about offering choices to your users? Some learners will like gamification and benefit from it, while others don’t need it and will find it annoying.

It’s not clear from the free demo whether the characters one converses with are persistent or not. Especially for intermediate and advanced learners, it will be very valuable if your customers can chat with the same character repeatedly and that the character remembers the content of previous conversations and adapts accordingly. LLM context windows are getting longer, so that should be feasible. (Conversely, you will lose customers if they find that they are having the same conversations again and again or being encouraged to talk about things they aren't interested in.)

Also, you might consider setting up three-way conversations: two bots and the learner. One-on-one conversation practice can be tiring to the learner, and the learner doesn’t get a chance to observe how fluent speakers talk to each other. If the bots sometimes interacted with each other, the learner would both get a break and have a chance to learn by listening to the bots converse.

I have worked in language education for many years, and it seems that I was the first person to post a video to YouTube about using ChatGPT for language learning, on December 5, 2022 [1]. If you might find it useful to discuss ideas with me, feel free to get in touch. The URL of my website is in my profile.

[1] https://youtu.be/NVPHY3fYfmc

Great point! The 3 person conversation is a super interesting point, since then the user can take more of a passive role and only occasionally intervene.
Nice to see you here. I have been following your YouTube channel for a while, yes I think I discovered your channel via your videos about learning languages with ChatGPT (I'm building a language learning app as well so IIRC I was researching about it).
Thanks! If you’d like to discuss ideas for your app, feel free to get in touch. I’m always happy to chat about such topics.
Interesting. I'm currently playing a little bit in the instructional space, it's impressive what you can get GPT to do there.

I would absolutely lean into the game aspect as long as it doesn't impact the quality of the tool. People love games and it lets you tie everything into a story, which people also love. For instance, people love stardew valley and it has inspired a bunch of youngsters to become farmers, but what if it actually taught farming?

Very cool! Just a heads up your Google play button just takes me to the apple store
Thanks for the hint, We'll fix that!
Nice! I built the same thing to learn chinese[0], it even has the in-context word lookup!

I have a feature request: if I don't have a pinyin IME installed, it's very hard to use - it would be nice to have an in-browser one!

[0]: https://github.com/statusfailed/gptlingo

OK I played with this some more, it's so good - exactly what I dreamed of!!

A couple more bits of feedback:

(1) The "suggestion" / "I'm unsure" etc. feedback is fantastic

(2) Word segmentation doesn't seem to be working properly, and so the context lookup doesn't work right. Example:

中国 should be parsed as a single word ("china"), but it's parsed as individual characters ("middle", "kingdom").

This means I have to tab out to a dictionary to look up words, and it's a bit annoying to select the right text.

Thanks! The tricky bit is to make this work in different languages where the "space" is not used to separate the different words, such as Chinese. We should implement a real Chinese lemmatizer there to chunk the words.

Not sure if you saw it, but we already have pinyin in there. If you open up the settings and tick "show pronunciations" they will appear above the chat messages.

> We should implement a real Chinese lemmatizer there to chunk the words.

Or find all substrings that are listed in a dictionary (≈everyone uses cc-cedict https://www.mdbg.net/chinese/dictionary?page=cc-cedict ) and give translations for all of them. That way, the user won't be limited to any particular chunking granularity, which is always a finicky aspect of word segmenters to fine-tune.

At least for chinese there are off-the-shelf word segmenters you can use like jieba[0]- I used it in gptlingo and it Just Works(TM).

The "show pronounciations" setting just turns on pinyin above characters - what I want is to type pinyin and enter chinese characters. Actually showing the pinyin above characters is quite distracting!

[0]: https://pypi.org/project/jieba/

"Unfortunately, the Safari Browser does not work well with recording audio. Use Chrome or Firefox instead."
Yeah...sorry about that. It seems that Safari has become the new Internet Explorer
Cool, I am already practicing my written Brazilian Portuguese with ChatGPT, and I am eager to try out Univerbal! After trying both Italki and Preply a few times, I realized that I don't like tutoring platforms because they lack a structured approach to learning a language. While speaking is enjoyable, I don't feel like I'm making progress. I like how I can craft my own program and learning path in ChatGPT
That's interesting. We have also seen that learners usually fall into one of two camps: 1) They know exactly what they want to learn. 2) They want to be guided and handed the next "lesson" after they completed the first.

You definitely fall into camp 1

I've been building https://heylangley.com as a solo side project for a little while now. The initial MVP took about 2 months, though I have not had much time to market it. It's pretty much identical to this. I also applied to YC for W23 and was rejected.

Not sure what else to say beyond this: if you have a project that you've been wanting to start, believe in yourself and build it!

The thing that really made the difference for us was the traction we got through the original launch HN post.
re: DuoLingo, I always hear the same thing and feel the same reaction :) If you are looking for another team member I'd love to help.
can you send me your details at philipp@univerbal.app
Neat app.

How do you measure linguistic progress?

>* The hard part intervenes when you try to replicate the progress tracking and tailoring of the curriculum.*

Perhaps you guys just aren't thinking about it in the right way ;) Progress tracking and measurement is significantly easier from a conceptual standpoint than you might think. I'm not just bullshitting here - I've actually done it myself so I'm speaking from experience.

Disclaimer: I've learned several languages over the course of my life; also co-founded a language learning company that used AI to help track and measure improvement. Oddly enough, someone from HN hit me up yesterday to ask about it. The company shut down in 2022 and I'm in a completely different industry now (non tech) so am fully able to talk about what we learned, where we made mistakes and where we innovated.

Also, how do you teach things like slang, jargon, body language, hand movements, etc.. that are essential to effective social or professional communication in a given culture? Memorizing words, grammar and conjugations, etc... is great but is only a small part of the language learning journey.

Absolutely agree on the slang stuff. Progress tracking is hard to do at scale in completely open-ended conversations since there are so many degrees of freedom within one conversation. If you have any tips and tricks, these would be much appreciated :)
>Progress tracking is hard to do at scale in completely open-ended conversations since there are so many degrees of freedom within one conversation.

You're overthinking it, my friend. The solution is much simpler than you realize. Email me.

Why not post the solution here in this thread? If you're going to write it out in an email anyways...
I tried logging in on Android but the confirmation email link just opens the app and does nothing. I've got 3 confirmation emails and same issue each time.
Nice! Well not nice since you're a bit stuck, but nice since we have heard of this issue but never were able to reproduce it. Can you click on the "check status" button? Does that fix the issue?

Before being forwarded into the app did you open a website that had some text like "Your email is now confirmed"?

The "Check Status" button shows a loading indicator and then nothing happens. When I click the link in the email it brings me directly to the app, but just to the same screen I was on previously ("Verify your email to continue").

I had an account previously (before the rename) and I'm using it to log in. Maybe it's something to do with that?

Please send a message to yo@univerbal.app, so I can help you out?
I've built an MVP similar to this when GPTs came out, but somehow I just did not find it very appealing and I have the same experience with this one.

I wonder if it's the delay or just the bleak conversation with an AI. Might get to usable level for me once LLMs get faster and more fun. (Twitter model maybe? :D)

This is great. I've been using ChatGPT 3.5 for something similar, but the corrections and grammar explanations in this are much better!
Some feedback:

When you start the intro, and it says "Hi, what language do you want to learn" the button should be labeled "Select..." not a default language. It was unclear I had to click it to select a different language.

The languages in the app, and on your FAQ about which languages are available, aren't in sync.

One other thing is with alphabets. If I highlight over a word, and you could show me how to sound out the word in latin characters, that would be super helpful and no other language app I know of does that.
What language were you learning? B.c. if you click on the settings you can already enable pronunciations (though only in some languages)

The "Select..." makes a lot of sense

That's interesting. I just ran a session in english to french starting by writing /replying in english then adding french words in the sentence at the end to see how it reacts.

- The errors in my english sentences, mainly word order and missing articles, are involuntary and the corrections are reasonably coherent with deepl and deepl writer (that also uses AI).

- the french words were correctly identified as french words, and the words were correctly translated, except maybe for one: "essentiellement" that I used in the meaning of "mainly" and was translated as "essentially" which I'm not sure it's the good choice

in any case I add it to my bookmarks

Could not have hoped for more :)
Wow, I just tried it, and this is exactly what I’ve been looking for (something that actually makes you think conversationally, not just memorize vocabulary).

Love the rebrand, by the way - I saw your posts about Quazle, and I never wanted to try it then for some reason. Can’t really explain it, but I guess that’s the power of branding right?

One suggestion I would have is that it takes a while when I click on a word to get a definition. Is there a way you could preload definitions on device to make this faster? Sometimes I want to click like 7 words in a row, and I don’t do that now because it’s so slow.

Also, I wouldn’t really worry about Duolingo - they cater to people who want to _feel_ like they are learning a language (for 2-5 mins a day), not people who actually want to make progress. Even if they release features like this, they won’t be competing with you. Duolingo is also the worst example of inappropriate gamification I’ve ever seen.
Duolingo is good at going from nothing to something. That’s important.

I noticed in this app, trying a language I don’t know, I immediately get blocked on lesson 1 step 2 - my answer is wrong, but I know nothing and there are zero mechanisms to learn without prior context to guess and extrapolate upon.

> Duolingo is good at going from nothing to something

Seconding this. I got noticeably better at Chinese after using duolingo every day. I feel like I hit a ceiling now and it's not helping too much, but it definitely worked.

Yeah, as a technical person, I was also surprised by what a big impact branding can make.

Re:loading You can click on the message itself and you'll get the translation of the entire message. Preloading the translation of every word would be a bit costly, but we could probably squeeze a bit more performance out of it.

I'm just a hobbyist building tools for my own use (to learn Finnish), but I love the space, so happy to connect if you'd like: here's a video https://drive.google.com/file/d/1H_W6i4aa0Ak-vSAh99zYjJ4LcUT...

My core task loops are phrase translation and audio transcription, and I've always been motivated by gamification and eventually data driven task selection