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UK feels like it's been in recession for years. London seems to be improving though so hopefully it lifts the rest of the country.
There really isn't much past evidence for that. Many of UK's cities have been rotting away while London was booming.
Yup, and London specifically is famous for this relationship with the rest of England + Wales. It's pretty interesting (and depressing) how London has become an Ur-example of internal brain drain
I mean, that's the entire reason behind the global rural-to-urban migration that's been going on for well... centuries at this point.

It's just more pronounced in the UK (and I'd expect South Korea) because London is such a dominant city in the UK.

It's a shame that the exodus from London prompted by the Covid lockdowns didn't last. Perhaps we might have seen at least some equalisation across the country. Alas, anything outside of the M25 might as well be another country as far as Westminster is concerned.
Didn't last in what sense? Egress didn't continue(/ramp up) or significantly reversed?
In most places it happens to _more than one city_, though. London's a bit of an oddity (you see this in some smaller countries, but the UK's probably the biggest example).
What is an “Ur-example”?
So it's not actually correctly used here? ('an Ur-anything' - e.g. 'an earliest example' as above - would never make sense for one thing?) I don't understand the intended meaning that's different from just 'example' here.
Cancellation of parts of HS2 (after most of the money has been spent) are of course intended to worsen that.
That is the rising inequality. The economy doing better (or worse) really doesn't matter when 95% of people have been getting relatively poorer quickly for the past 15 years and somewhat for over 40 years. The economy doing well or not really doesn't impact anyone but the asset wealthy at this stage, the average person can't afford their bills.
Every development economist has said unequivocally that GDP growth alone is not a reliable measure of economic well-being.

Usually this was thought to apply only to poor countries, where inequality was very high as the industrial sectors (where GDP growth mostly came from) were heavily concentrated in a few hands. It wasn't as much the case in rich countries where labour was better organized and had a stronger bargaining position when negotiating pay, so GDP growth did feed through to higher wages.

That seems to have stopped in the rich world since the late 2000s. FTSE 100 company profits are up, yet they're pulling out every trick in the book to keep wages at poverty levels.

Can you provide some details (re: changes in London) for somebody who knows relatively little of England?
"What do they know of England, who only England know?" -- Kipling

(often quoted to make a point about the parochialism of a lot of English politics and its inability to compare against other, distant, foreign places such as Manchester)

London just seems to be getting busier again. Trains are busy in the morning, lots of people out and about, restaurants full, and recruiters are starting to ping again on LinkedIn.

Given it's been at a low ebb since the pandemic, there is a bit more buzz about the city again.

That said, there could be a huge collapse coming later this year but after so much negativity for so long, things may change. The new government should help that (even if they don't do anything!).

You think it might "trickle down"?
I think if you considered London and the rest separately, the rest probably _has_ been in recession for years.
Finally, I can start a startup!

https://paulgraham.com/badeconomy.html

Yeas and no. It is probably a good time to be working on a startup.

But the UK has serious energy problems; I'm a squeaky wheel on the topic but their per capita energy figures are estimated to have dropped 30% from peak [0]. You can't startup your way out of a hole like that, someone serious needs to do some capital investment. The UK's energy policy is a sick joke.

A startup involved in helping people to live energy efficiently would probably go great and be a real boon to the people; but it isn't addressing the root cause of the problem here. The squeeze is real.

[0] https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-energy-use?tab...

Article linked in GP doesn't argue you should start a startup to fix the bad economy though, it's just arguing it's a good time to start your startup whatever it is.

Unless you leave the country, the 'serious energy problems', whatever caused the bad economy, and anything else in the country are still going to be present if you don't start a startup?

I don't know how this is possible. State pensions and universal credit went up 10% last year and will be going up another ~8% this year. I understand inflation has high, but most people have a lot more money coming in to make up for that...

Are people just deciding not to spend their extra income? Everyone I know seems to be doing fairly well right now honestly, especially now that energy prices are coming down.

The job market isn't great, but that's really the only thing that I've seen that looks recessionary? And either way unemployment is still low.

Do you and people you know own assets? Not accusatory - it's just there's a lot of working class people who can't afford to feed their kids.

It's about the cost of housing / basic necessities sucking up money from the middle classes. The money accumulates towards assets so people who own them don't notice anything is wrong (quite the contrary)

I don't believe in a country that has food banks and free school meals that anyone reasonable is failing to feed their kids.
"can't afford" is not "failing to". If you have no money and because of that get donated food to give to your kid, you still couldn't afford it.
Free school meals don’t happen everywhere at all times. Food banks are incredibly stretched. Many people are not “reasonable” but have alcohol/ drug dependencies or mental health issues and so their children suffer. Even if they manage to give their kids enough food the rest of their life can be incredibly difficult.
Notice I said 'can't afford to' which your comment appears to support. I am being pedantic because there is an important distinction. If people can't spend money on feeding their own children they are certainly not spending money on things that usually support a healthy economy.
So we agree they aren't failing to because of the support that is given but at the same time they can't afford to? I'm not sure if that says more about the economy or how people manage their finances.
Giving a person a tin of beans which they will eat that day, instead of a fair wage and an affordable home does not make them any richer. It's frustrating to constantly go over basic facts with fools who live in a bubble. This is a systemic problem not a moral one.
You can't just turn up at a food bank, it's not a free supermarket, you need a referral from social services, and their capacity is limited.

(anyone blaming poor people for badly managing their finances can be dismissed out of hand; this is a multi-century-old excuse that is simple ignorance)

>(anyone blaming poor people for badly managing their finances can be dismissed out of hand; this is a multi-century-old excuse that is simple ignorance)

Well that's an interesting statement, considering that the fast food, alcohol and gambling industries are booming in the UK.

Yeah a lot of stuff has gone up in price. Mortgages are a big one. Car insurance has rocketed as well.

Wages - not so much.

>The money accumulates towards assets so people who own them don't notice anything is wrong (quite the contrary)

"Then people should just buy a house to protect themselves from poverty" - Chancellor of my country

When I realize I should have bought a home in 2012 instead of being in middle school.

Just had an idiot on Facebook tell me that tenants are dumb because they didn't save up enough to buy a house whereas landlords are smart.

Yeah, we all start with the same opportunities.

> I understand inflation has high, but most people have a lot more money coming in to make up for that...

Do they? I certainly haven't had an inflation-matching pay rise.

My salary in the last few years have jumped from 48k to 54k to 75k (and now have £6-£7k of extra income too, in interest etc)

But I had to move jobs 3 times in 2 years to get those raises.

And honestly, it still doesn't feel like enough.

Tell me 5-10 years ago I'd earn £75k and I'd think that was going to be amazing, now a £75k salary kinda just feels like an average salary. And I have no kids! I don't know how people on average salaries with children are coping at all.

Come on, 75k (nevermind 6k on top) with no children... That is extremely good, probaly the top 5% in the country.

Median income is about 35k, which means half the people earn less and you earn more than double that with less expenses.

It's good relatively because a lot of people in the UK are very poor. In London (which is probably where you are if you're getting paid that much) £75k does not get you particularly far.
Me neither, but relatively speaking presumably anyone on HN (as long as employed) is ok anyway. I think GP meant people who are relatively poorer/struggling anyway, since they started:

> I don't know how this is possible. State pensions and universal credit went up 10% last year and will be going up another ~8% this year.

(For those not in the UK: 'universal credit' is not UBI, it's state benefits - 'universal' in the sense of replacing various specialised benefits (housing, job-seeking, ...) that came before it.)

i.e. if you're 'actually' struggling (not just like, stressed about money while you sit on your new sofa and watch TV comfortably warm and then open the window because you lit the fire and now you're too hot (occasionally guilty!)) then you ought to be less struggling now and going forwards than a year or so ago, I think is the point.

Recent price shocks for gas/electricity for people and companies, ongoing squeeze on local councils / public services. Impacts of brexit and other government austerity policies.

Lots of people live close to paycheck to paycheck, not having any savings for emergency’s. It certainly stops any optional spending for both households and companies.

The only people I know who aren’t saying they’re struggling are those on high incomes with low fixed mortgage rates. Outside of that everybody is telling me they’re struggling.

> but most people have a lot more money coming in to make up for that...

Absolutely not. Honestly, I can’t fathom how you have such a warped view of how the average person is doing. Your social circle must be exclusively asset heavy, mid-high income folk, which is far from most people.

My partner and I have combined income of >100k and are significantly worse off compared to a few years ago.

I'm very working class. Almost everyone I know outside of work is either unemployed or retired so I don't think it's that.

Like you I'm personally worse off for sure with tax increases and mortgage increases, but obviously most people don't have mortgages, pay much tax, and most people get help with things like fuel bills.

I guess I'm just surprised that given how much extra money the average person is getting that the economy is doing so poorly. You're right, I might be out of touch though... All I'm saying is that this doesn't align with what I see personally, and I'm surprised given the extra income most people are getting that there isn't more economic activity, but clearly I'm wrong.

> most people get help with things like fuel bills

No they don't? What are you referring to?

There really is not a lot of extra money coming in once you properly account for inflation. Energy and fuel inflation has hit productivity of businesses pretty hard as well as individuals.

> most people don’t have mortgages

Most people do either have mortgages or pay rent which pays their landlord’s buy to let mortgage on the house they live in. Mortgage rates and rents have both spiked very sharply. Along with energy bills that’s a huge chunk of most people’s expenses.

> but obviously most people don't have mortgages

Most people in the UK either have mortgages or pay rent (and rent tends to be more expensive than mortgage payments)

> and most people get help with things like fuel bills.

... Are you under the impression that most people in the UK are pensioners?

Do you live with parents? I can’t think of any other way you could be so disconnected.

> given how much extra money the average person is getting

This just isn’t reality. Price increases have been far greater than pay increases, it’s as simple as that.

About same income and yeah we are worse off than a few years ago, in reality it just means I'm saving less each month which I realise is a fortunate position relative to almost everyone else (I know many people who not only can't save but are net negative each month which isn't sustainable long term).

The country is currently utterly fucked - even if Labour make sensible decisions I think we are looking at a decade or more and we know that once they've been in for a couple of years the media will do it's usual hatchet job to lay the blame at their feet - the tories are still blaming labour and they've been out of power for fourteen years.

Erm... most people in the UK do not have more money coming in to make up for that at all. Plus, tax band thresholds have been stagnant for over a decade - so we're hit with a double whammy of massive inflation, plus tax threshold inflation via the backdoor.

Meanwhile, wages are not remotely keeping pace.

The people you know probably have a house and own stocks. If you have to pay rent and live exclusively from the monthly remuneration of your work(wage) then in this case you're screwed.
> Everyone I know seems to be doing fairly well right now

Outside the uk hn bubble many, many people are struggling. Rent, gas and electric, food are all very expensive. Most wages haven't risen anywhere near inflation for years, never mind exceeding it.

Fourteen years of austerity topped off by brexit and a succession of incompetent governments and a pandemic - and the country feels like its on its knees to me.

The UK is shockingly poor outside of London. The bigger cities have some moderately prosperous areas, but many towns are turning into boarded-up wastelands.

It's basically Detroit around 2000. And without free movement to the EU, there's nowhere to go.

I have had below inflation pay rises the last two years, and none this year. And I work in the financial sector and do better than most.

What extra income? You sure you live in the UK?

> State pensions and universal credit went up 10% last year and will be going up another ~8% this year. I understand inflation has high, but most people have a lot more money coming in to make up for that

Those are exactly linked to CPI inflation: https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-... , so no net increase.

Energy is probably the most critical one: https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/inflationandpriceindices/arti...

"Around 4 in 10 adults (41%) who pay energy bills said it was very or somewhat difficult to afford them." "Meanwhile, around one in five (19%) adults reported that they were occasionally, hardly ever, or never able to keep comfortably warm in their home in the past two weeks"

> Everyone I know seems to be doing fairly well right now honestly

We're not representative of the general public here.

My personal theory is it's the continual lack of real investment, public or private, which is biting. Capital assets gradually wearing out, while the productivity per person falls.

This is the most out of touch take I have heard recently. The overwhelming majority of people are struggling right now. You live in a bubble
> I don't know how this is possible. State pensions and universal credit went up 10% last year and will be going up another ~8% this year. I understand inflation has high, but most people have a lot more money coming in to make up for that

State pensions, UC the rise in minimum wage and the rise in the NI threshold all benefit those on the lowest incomes the most.

People with unearned (investment income) income are mostly OK too.

The problem is more of a squeezed middle one. People with nigh mortgage payments relative to their income. People paying more tax on an income that has increased in line with inflation (regardless of whether you moved into the standard rate band, or are paying more higher rate). People who ran up debt during covid and its aftermath.

A high proportion of people on HN.

At the moment you have recession in Germany, Japan and the UK. While there is growth in the US, India and China.

Wonder how long this will last …

Isn't Germany in recession because it's no longer able to compete on its manufacturing?

Which would be different reason to the UK, which never had a competitive manufacturing industry in recent decades.

I'm sure the lack of cheap energy (ie, due to the shutdown and then bombing of Nordstar pipelines) has something to do with it
After over a decade of mismanagement and missed opportunities from successive governments of the conservative party this is hardly surprising.

The UK doesn't look like it's going to rebound for many years, there are now significant structural issues, not least of them being poor infrastructure.

I found this analysis of the UK particularly interesting: https://www.sambowman.co/p/democracy-is-the-solution-to-veto...

Can't blame them for the 2008 financial crisis, or even for Covid, though... and don't worry, the opposition is not better, judging by their plans (or lack thereof...). They'll most likely be in government by the end of this year, though. Fun times ahead.

Edit: The bulk of the 2008 crisis was handled by the previous, Labour government and the conservatives inherited the debts to deal with. I'm not saying that handling of Covid was good, but looking at other countries it was certainly in the average (and the UK government decisively intervened to secure a domestic vaccine).

The thing is that they've been in government for very long so have run out of talents and are obviously being blamed for everything. Many young people have never known anything else so of course they are the bad guys (on top of young people being on average more to the left). This is an eternal cycle and the same will eventually happen to the next Labour majority.

Now, that's the issue Labour have: They have it easy at the moment, it's all the Tories' fault, the Tories are incompetent, etc. Fine, but at some point they will need an actual plan if only because, again, they'll most likely be in charge within months.

Even Brexit is not exclusively the Conservatives' "fault": The Labour party and electorate were also highly divided on the issue and it was the Labour government of the time that decided against all restrictions to East European immigration in 2004. And I remember how popular they were when they obediently followed the US in Iraq...

Labour even had a good shot as being elected earlier but made themselves unelectable by going far left, and they are still grappling with that.

> Can't blame them for the 2008 financial crisis, or even for Covid

There is plenty of blame on the current UK government for how they handled the COVID crisis. It even forced out a Prime Minister, albeit for reasons of clandestine office parties, not over casualty rates or PPE corruption scandals.

The 2008 financial crisis would of probably happened regardless of who was in number 10.

However it did factor in the amount of deaths caused by COVID.

> Can't blame them for the 2008 financial crisis, or even for Covid, though

For their mere existence? No. But they absolutely deserve blame them for how they handled these things, given they affected almost every nation on the planet, many of whom handled each rather better.

No but I can blame them for profiteering during covid.

Michelle Mone clearly wasn't the only one punting over-priced, poor quality PPE via the special Tory VIP system.

Cumulatively, how much have Tory VIPs taken out of the economy since they came to power?

Even Sunak seems to be in on it. Like the wink-wink "you outsource your IT services to Infosys and we give you new sweetheart oil contracts" deal that BP and Shell got.

I think we have a right to be angry about this. It's corruption.

The Michelle Mone story is insane. Her husband sold illegal tax schemes to IT contractors and escaped without serious repercussions.

UK government is outsourcing everything and it's not just Infosys. They set low salary levels and flooded the market with offshore devs in the last few years.

> The Michelle Mone story is insane. Her husband sold illegal tax schemes to IT contractors and escaped without serious repercussions.

And she got a peerage out of it! Presumably by knowing the right people and paying them.

> Can't blame them for the 2008 financial crisis,

Neither the Labour govt of the time or the Conservative ones we've had since 2010 were immediately responsible. But the austerity policy pursued by the Tories since 2010 has put the country in an economic death spiral. Pre-gfc levels of education, health and social care, law and order, infrastructure and defence provision are now basically impossible for the country to sustain. I don't see any way back from this in a timescale that doesn't condem my children's generation to poverty and disadvantage.

(And if the gfc was caused by a failure of regulation then every uk government since 1979 bears some culpability for its failure to supervise a major financial market centre.)

If Corbyn has been PM and had been quoted as saying "Let the bodies pile high in streets" do you think you'd still think he had no impact on Covid?
The structural issues are wholly captive media, a non-representative electoral system, and feudal traditions of greed and contempt for the lower orders - which used to mean contempt for the working classes, but has recently been extended to doctors and lawyers. Much to their surprise.

The UK has literally become one of those third-world countries where oligarchs buy yachts and fast cars while the population starves.

> wholly captive media

Who exactly has captured The Guardian, The Times, the Daily Mail, the Financial Times, the London Review of Books, and the BBC all at the same time?

> a non-representative electoral system

that can symmetrically benefit either side.

> feudal traditions of greed and contempt for the lower classes…extended to doctors and lawyers

You can just look these things up: https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-.... Doctors and lawyers are still overrepresented. The class background of the new sort of Tory (Williamson, Dorries, Jenkyns) is hardly more aristocratic than the members of the professions that preceded them, even if some receive honours.

> The UK has literally become one of those third-world countries where oligarchs buy yachts and fast cars while the population starves.

This describes pretty much any moderately wealthy country in which hunger still exists. The situation might well be worse in the UK but to show that would require use of such difficult techniques as counting and research, rather than hackneyed repetition of old stereotypes.

Previous comment's "contempt for the working classes, but has recently been extended to doctors and lawyers" referred to public sector pay rather than party composition.

(There is a huge backlog in the courts system and defence barristers are very under-funded, making the problem worse)

Then it unhelpfully conflates classism with mismanagement of the economy and concomitant fiscal constraints on legal aid and the NHS.
> This describes pretty much any moderately wealthy country in which hunger still exists.

This describes pretty much the whole world. I'm convinced at this point that the dystopia we are all headed for is not 1984 or Brave New World or Snow Crash but something more like Elysium where a tiny minority have everything and get to do whatever they want, physically isolated/insulated from the rest who have nothing and live as subjects.

> that can symmetrically benefit either side.

Which is another downside...

How much economic slowdown was the result of Brexit?

With talks of Irish unification I wonder how long the UK can survive as a major economy. Will the scots abandon the sinking ship too?

> How much economic slowdown was the result of Brexit?

There will never be a precise answer, and even if there was, someone would deny it for political reasons, but here is an estimate:

"Britain’s decision to leave the European Union has hampered the economy to the tune of 5% versus other comparable countries, the estimates showed."

https://www.cnbc.com/2024/02/14/brexit-has-sliced-5percent-o...

Transfer payments to Scotland and NI are very significant - the Union brings value to the UK but, purely economically speaking, secession could be net positive.
Do the Scots have a sufficient army necessary to beat NATO? How would they survive the UK making an Article 5 declaration?
Care to elaborate on what in a supposed Scottish independence would trigger NATO Article 5?
Obviously Nicola Sturgeon is a secret marxist who plans on invading the not so United Kingdom after independence.
Because they would need to win a war of independence from their overlord, just as the USA did. A vote is just the first step. Catalonia tried to do something similar a few years ago but they had insufficient planning and the rebellion was put down in under 7 minutes: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/14/world/europe/catalonia-se...
Would NATO interfere in what's essentially a domestic UK dispute? Could the USA invoke article 5 if Texas decide to secede? Would Spain have invoked article 5 if the Catalans had succeeded, or had gotten closer to it?

In any case, would any of those NATO interferences be desired? I mean this by the local governments, but also by the rest of NATO and the world in general?

Would there really be any political will inside of NATO to interfere?

Catalonia did not attempt an armed rebellion; they made a resolution in their parliament and the central government decided to respond to that with violence. I'd rate it below the US Jan 6 incident in terms of armed rebellion.
>The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013 set out the arrangements for the referendum and was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the devolved Scottish government and the Government of the United Kingdom. The independence proposal required a simple majority to pass.
> Do the Scots have a sufficient army necessary to beat NATO?

As per definition Scotland doesn't have any army, because defense is not a devolved matter.

On a practical level the nuclear submarines of the UK have their port facilities in Scotland.

On an even more practical level: Good luck to trying wrestle those away from the Navy of course. Everyone assumes that they would be repositioned in case of a secession. In fact a retired admiral opined that they would be moved either to the US or France in case of a Scottish independence[1], because England lacks the necessary port facilities.

> How would they survive the UK making an Article 5 declaration?

Nobody with half a brain talks about a violent secession. More like something where the people of Scotland declare in a referendum that they don't wish to belong to the Union any more, and they are let go freely. Similar to the Brexit process.

1: https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/apr/26/trident-over...

Well, Scotland has nuclear armed submarines and England doesn't (following independence, and international law).
... An independent Scotland would almost certainly _join_ NATO. I'm not sure why you expect it to declare war on it?
Seems like worst of both worlds if you are starting out: recession in terms of job opportunities (hard to find a job) yet house prices are still were they were at the beginning of Covid (11 times earning - a historical record by a long shot).

So you can't find a job to pay the rent, while the rent is at a historical high relative to earning.

If you don't work in finance in the UK, you should seriously consider moving to the US (for better income) or EU (for better quality of life).
> EU (for better quality of life)

Yeh, don't worry the people partially responsible for poor quality of life in the UK have already worked to make that option more unviable.

Uh huh, I think you may have it backwards. The people who were partially responsible for the better quality.

Food was amazing, trading was amazing, funding was nice.

All until the folk of England decided we wanted none of that.

You misread his comment - you're both agreeing here.

He said that the people who brought us to this state have made it harder to move to the EU (because of Brexit limiting freedom of movement).

Thousands of people from the UK have been moving to Canada since Brexit, and average incomes here are higher than in the UK. UK and AUS residents can live and work in Canada on a 2-year visa, no questions asked.

Immigration to the US is much more difficult. If you don't have a job offer, or a valid work permit of some kind, a non-immigrant tourist visa is the best you're going to get.

What would be the situation if - as a complete hypothetical - you did work in the tech behind finance, in the UK? Is the US still a good option?
Yes because there are no hurdles or downsides to moving halfway across the world.
Unless you have any health issues whatsoever, or want to have a child, at which point you absolutely should not move to the US. Maybe the ridiculously inflated tech salaries in the US can compensate for that, but outside of tech I don't think it makes up for it at all.
US tech salaries absolutely compensate. Typical tech salary is 2-3x in the US compared to the UK, which covers the health insurance costs.
Oh yeah you can famously snap your fingers and just move to the US or the EU (although that is simpler)
Weird. It's a technical recession (GDP falling two quarters in a row). Yet unemployment has dropped to 3.8% [0] and real-terms wages are still going up [1].

I feel those figures are a better indicator for economic health than GDP growth, which seems to be a fairly loose measurement. But it is still weird that GDP growth tells such a different story.

[0] https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peoplenotin...

[1] https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwor...

It's nice to finally see some wage increases, but most people are worse off than they were in 2010.

https://www.resolutionfoundation.org/publications/are-you-be...

The figures hide the fact that most of the population can't afford to buy a property, and the cost of renting - which is not included in inflation figures - has hugely outstripped income.

The situation with homeownership and rent is undoubtedly much worse compared to generations past, as that article argues. But that's looking at changes over a decades timescale, during which the economy has gone through many periods of growing and shrinking. That's a socio-economic shift over generations - very interesting, but not really relevant to the question of whether we're in a recession/downturn right now, which is about whether things are currently getting better or worse, quarter to quarter.
What measure are you using to say worse off if real terms wages are up as GP said? Or are you disputing that? (It did surprise me.)
Yea you do start to wonder if we're measuring the wrong thing
"Inactivity" has increased a lot since Covid. People classed as "inactive" do not work but are not counted in unemployment numbers.

The population growth rate has also been higher than GDP growth so even when GDP was fantastically growing by 0.3%, it was actually dropping per capita.

GDP is a good metric to tell how the economy is going, but many numbers can be fudged and GDP growth does not mean people are better off per capita.

> Annual growth in regular earnings (excluding bonuses) was 6.2% in October to December 2023

RPI over 2023 was about 10% so salaries are not exactly growing across the board...

Are you sure? I just looked at ‘inactive’ data. [0] It was ~8.6 million at the start of 2020, and ~9.2 million at end of 2023. That doesn’t seem like a big jump, in fact zoomed out to ten years the pandemic doesn’t even really jump out at all. (Which surprises me.) There certainly doesn’t seem to be any significant change over the last 2 quarters. Unless I am reading it wrong somehow?

You’re right about GDP growth per capita being down (for something like 7 successive quarters, I heard on the radio), and that’s normally the figure considered to best represent living standards. But as you say that’s explainable by population growth, which means it doesn’t count. If it’s new babies being born then economically speaking that’s an investment in the future and clearly doesn’t count as a falling living standards. And if it’s immigration, then I would guess those new people are mostly better off than they were before (or they wouldn’t have migrated), meaning it doesn’t necessarily reflect living standards falling either for people born here or for recent immigrants.

So my armchair analysis is still that the economy is at worst stagnant, and clearly not in recession. Which is actually kind of remarkable given the feeling I get from the news over the last few years of crisis after crisis (pandemic, Ukraine, energy crisis).

[0] https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peoplenotin...

> It was ~8.6 million at the start of 2020, and ~9.2 million at end of 2023.

So 700,000 people just like that in 4 years. That's quite a lot.

Considering that the unemployment rate of 3.8% corresponds to 1,320,000 people, 700k extra would make a big difference to the unemployment rate (which would be 5.8% if those 700k they were counted as "unempployed").

And of course there are the criteria for being "employed". If you are on part-time or zero-hours contract, your hours and thus income can significantly decrease but you're still "employed". So would be interesting to see data on that if there are.

> But as you say that’s explainable by population growth, which means it doesn’t count

Of course it counts. And of course it means that average living standards are falling.

Overall people are producing less per capita on average. So either there is a recession across the board that is masked by the population increase or the new immigrants fill new jobs that are much less productive, which isn't good, either in a country that has a productivity problem.

> And if it’s immigration, then I would guess those new people are mostly better off than they were before

That's irrelevant. It's the situation in the UK that matters.

Anecdotally in London a lot of work was done by enthusiastic young workers coming in from the EU. Now they've been largely banned by the glory that is brexit, businesses seem to have both staff shortages and less business.
I've been made redundant after 11 years two months ago and I'm raging at the Tories. Looking for work right now but very difficult because I'm 53 and have a hearing disability. I've been ghosted by recruitment agencies as soon as they find out that I'm deaf. Bastards.
What's your job/line of work?
Visual Basic developer, helped maintain and add new features to a large business application for 11 years, used Infragistics, C1 Components and crystal reports, SQL server etc for a small business in Hampshire. Looking for similar work maybe with C#.
I have a hobby playing around with micro controllers, Linux and virtual machines. I use VMs on Linux to do my Windows development. Remote or Hampshire area is good.
The UK is always just such an interesting place to analyze, in terms of data, because so much of it is open and easily accessible. Here [1] is data on average domestic energy prices in the UK over time. Every year from 2019-2021 it was around £1,300. 2022 it jumps to £2,294. 2023 it's up to £2,592.

Median pre-tax weekly earnings are £682 [2], so that's an increase in costs of ~2-3 weeks of wages for the median. It's hard to see that not leading to major economic consequences because it's a double whammy: consumers now have less money, and companies are also paying more as well.

I feel there's a rather giant pink elephant in this conversation.

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[1] - https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6582b65223b70...

[2] - https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwor...

For me the clear indicator is https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/GBR/united-kingdom/gdp... : that's adjusted for inflation and purchasing power parity, but NOT per capita. Despite population growth we took an absolutely massive hit in 2007 and have only slowly recovered.

The energy discourse is a disaster. I remember when there was a protest group campaigning for subsidised insulation; they got clamped down on hard. Mustn't interfere with the gas profits.

The protest group (Insulate Britain) were blocking major motorways like the M25, which is dangerous and disruptive to everyday people trying to get on with their lives and support their families. That’s why there had to be a clampdown.

Protesters were arrested for criminal damage, causing danger to road users, willful obstruction of the highway and causing a public nuisance.

An injunction was granted prohibiting demonstrators from "causing damage to the surface of or to any apparatus on or around the M25 including but not limited to painting, damaging by fire, or affixing any item or structure thereto".

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulate_Britain_protests

Which means had UK's energy price were back to Normal at £1,300. We wouldn't be in a recession. Which I believe will happen in Q2 - Q3 2024.

And even if it was back to £1,300. It would still be the 4th highest energy price in EUR. But I could see this price even come down as more Wind Energy projects ( hopefully ) comes online. And a possibility of costing only half of that in the 2030s.

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As a Brit I'm not very surprised we are doing poorly.

It was kind of a choice after Brexit. Either keep trade deals but leave some EU political influence or do a hard Brexit and screw up the trade deals and business. And then famously:

>Boris Johnson promised to “fuck business”, and that’s exactly what he did https://www.newstatesman.com/business/2022/07/boris-johnson-...

And beyond the direct policies enacted, if you were setting up a business would you chose a country where that was the attitude?