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He did not bother to note that one is a Macmillan edition, one is Transworld (a UK publisher). The Macmillan one is now $9.99, Transworld is $9.49. I can't account for his higher price, unless Macmillan lowered it, since Macmillan as publisher sets the price, not Amazon.
Hi there, OP here.

You are right, I did not notice that they were different publishers. However, I would just like to point out that the prices you are seeing are still not the one I am seeing.

One of the commenters on my blog (and one on Reddit) mentioned that they were $0.50 apart now, and that is not the case for myself, as I still see a $3.13 difference in prices!

The Tor Books version is far and away better on the eyes due to the font, but from what I can tell, they are the exact same book.

Font is a ridiculous differentiator anyway. Can you not change that on your Kindle? I mean... the book itself is just text.
Funny enough I just tested it out - it seems to be using a different type of serif font, or it's just smaller.

Either way, I can adjust it (and I'm kinda dumb to not have noticed it before) so there goes the differentiation I guess?

Are you taking into account tax/VAT on the logged-in vs incognito views?
Yep! It's actually an available book regardless, and the price didn't seem to change for either one regardless of logged in or logged out.

Just two different publishers with the same book. A tad frustrating, but oh well.

There seems to be two issues here being conflated as one (judging by the follow-up/updates):

1.) Two different items - because the same item is being offered by two different sellers. The $9 is Amazon's main one, the $12 is Macmillan's own specified price (note the "Sold by Macmillan" in that entry).

2.) Prices on the same item (identified by ASIN) do change at Amazon: sellers can change their prices, even to ridiculous lengths such as this from last year: http://www.michaeleisen.org/blog/?p=358 . In the retail part of Amazon, Kindle books are treated in much the same way as physical items, so the same flexibility of pricing is offered. Physical goods have cost of holding stock and 90-day-invoicing cycles, hence pricing seem to fluctuate based on that 90 day window and items still on hand at payment day. Kindle ebooks, less so, but there's still A/B testing to consider.

Online, especially for non-physical items are tending to have fluctuating prices, trying to find the ideal price to maximise profits.

One of my friends recommends http://uk.camelcamelcamel.com/ for price watching items on Amazon. I tend to keep an eye on the Lego-focused variant over at http://brickset.com/buy/uk/amazon/ -- price watching is proving to be an interesting cottage-industry.

Clearing cookies / incognito mode triggers re-selecting a different bucket - that's why you are seeing different pricing. So, if you want, clear cookies over and over, find the lowest price, and buy right there and then.

Interestingly, the counter-intuitive strategy of increasing price can sometimes actually reap more sales. So having the lowest price isn't always the most optimal strategy.

I've had worse price differentials with British Airways. Go directly to the site for a flight and I get one price. Go to Expedia pick the same flight, get redirected straight through to the same page as before and the exact flight is £200 cheaper.

> Online, especially for non-physical items are tending to have fluctuating prices, trying to find the ideal price to maximise profits.

Unfortunately, yep.

Like you, if I ever buy anything online such as a flight, I will check every possible site and pick the lowest, clearing my cookies all along the way to ensure that they aren't messing around with it.

I really wish they didn't do that! I'd love to see a study on this behaviour's effect on sales though.