Ask HN: Where to put a static page that would last forever

54 points by DanielBMarkham ↗ HN
As I get older, I've decided to write physical books. I want something of a legacy for after I leave.

In the back of the book, I'd like to put a 2D barcode to send folks to a static webpage somewhere, maybe for further information, an update, text changes, etc.

But where would that go? If I buy a domain I've got to renew it every year. Same goes for AWS static page hosting. I thought about using my GitHub account, but each year they keep screwing around with keys and logins and whatnot. I'm sure that most all of these places I'm using will delete both my account and data after a certain number of years of inactivity.

So where do I put a static webpage I can link to and be assured (mostly) that it'll be around 100 years or more from now?

100 comments

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I don't know, but I've put this question in my favourites list!

I do mantain a stripped-down ZIP of one of my key sites in Zenodo:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10119195

But maybe you could just host a plain-text or similar file there or at Dryad and hand out the DOI / URL?

This is actually pretty hard to do. We all have heard of internet rot/dead internet theory.

One shout might be to link to internet archive instead of the resource directly. Though we can't be sure internet archive will keep the current system working as is (e.g. search params may change etc)

The only solid solution I have is to set up a foundation and pour money in so that they will be responsible for upkeep. But that would be an hassle to execute.

100 years in internet time is very long, internet as we know it now hasn't been along for 100 years.

I wonder if there aren't services that specialize in this.

Have thought about this a bit. I think there's a "business model" where a non-profit foundation charges a very high price (say $50 or $100/gig) and the interest on that pays for the hosting and admin. One issue is startup risk, if you don't get enough people wanting to store data "forever" it won't be sustainable.

The foundation has a remit to also do some related "good works". The idea is that the pot of money (and the interest it throws off) acts as an incentive to keep the foundation going. Eventually the cost of hosting "legacy" data should drop close to zero. You could run it as an overlay on two clouds initially to avoid capital outlay.

I think you would want librarians / archivists on the board. It wouldn't require much in the way of software, making something that could last in the long term is more of a governance problem than a technical one.

I’m not sure I would bet on the web itself still existing in 100 years. That being said, I think the biggest risk here is your hosting company going out of business, or changing their products such that they won’t host your site anymore.

If you’re OK with your website having a big ugly URL (which might not be a problem if you use a QR code to point to it anyway) then hosting a static website on AWS S3 might be your best bet. There’s so much money flowing into AWS right now, I imagine there will be enough interest to keep it going for several decades to come.

EDITED TO ADD As far as i know you can prepay your AWS bills, so you could prepay a massive amount and hope it outruns future price inflation

If he's hosting just some textfiles (i.e. a few KB), he won't have any aws bills that he would need to worry about prepaying. (I have a static s3 website, low traffic and low storage size, and i have not paid anything on it for years).

At least that's the case today, but the policy may change tomorrow. It's not easy to guarantee anything 10 years from now, let alone 100 years.

I'm pretty sure if you put a file on s3, make it public, it will be accessible for quite a while, with no cost (if it's just text like you're describing). I have an aws account that has the html/js stored in s3 for a static website i created, I haven't paid a bill in years on it, and the site is still running today.

I don't expect it to last 100 years though, they may very well change their free policies a year from now, hell, i don't know if AWS or even Amazon will be around 100 years from now.

> and be assured (mostly) that it'll be around 100 years or more from now?

You print it and add it to your book (not sure if any ink will do, though)

If you are willing to relinquish copyright claims on your work, for example by including a copyleft statement in the book’s preface, an organization like Project Gutenberg may be willing to host it, ostensibly in perpetuity. Other considerations are whether the book can stand alone as text-only, or will it rely on additional media to convey its message to the reader?

More about Project Gutenberg: http://gutenberg.org

Just to clarify, I'm asking where to host a static page that would be a modified introduction, addendum, errata, "if you like this try these", "The author died by wooden badger attack", etc

Not the entire book. I wouldn't have to copyleft the entire thing, right?

My current static page is just an "I like this book, please give me this free thing and put me on a mailing list" kind of thing. But that's not really the point. The point is "how can I use static pages, presumably the thing the internet was built for, to put a few pages of extra material on the book and perhaps give links for folks to follow if they're interested in the topic?"

Traditionally, you'd issue a new edition with such information, but that seems like a hella work and expenditure, and small stuff like this should be the kind of thing you'd be able to stick somewhere online, if nothing else as a parking spot until you eventually publish a new edition.

I wonder if the Internet Archive would be interested in this kind of archival.

Traditionally, the answer would be "Use PURLs". The Internet Archive happens to operate the purl.org resolver.

Unfortunately, with the recent attack, the purl.org resolver went offline and remains so. All the purl data is still there and is accessible to the public, you just don't get resolvable URLs for them.

Nowadays, it seems like ARKs are the better way to go, anyway, and the attack on archive.org proved it perfectly. Look into <https://arks.org/>

(The Internet Archive mints ARKs for every item uploaded to its collections. You may have noticed them in the infobox below the fold when looking at a given item.)

As for your latter remarks, the Internet Archive will take just about anything. Create an account and start uploading. Ted Nelson has a huge chunk of his papers on there.

That's approximately my approach with a CC BY 4.0 / Apache 2.0 / CC0 licence and uploading to Zenodo / Dryad and getting an official DOI.

Possibly even some useful legitimate fodder for those fashionable AI data sinks!

1. Put it online now so ChatGPT indexes it. Can be forever prompted.

2. Put it in a Ethereum transaction.

More seriously, I have no idea.

I wonder how much data you could store if you turned the last ten pages into very dense QR codes that together formed a compressed tar?

The ink degradation might be a concern. And it would require some expertise to reassemble.

QRcodes are unrestricted in size. it's just a quetion of resolution and redundancy...
I doubt that people will know what to do with the "2D barcode" in 100 years. Someone who is willing to investigate will figure it out. But it is not something that will be convenient.

I for example wouldn't know what to do with a barcode even today.

They would probably read the input using a solarpunk low power LLM chip.
You can use your phone+ an app to scan it, just because you can't figure that out doesn't mean people in 100 years are going to be morons.
Are you 100% convinced that QR codes will be common enough in a 100 years for common people to figure it out?

I’m not.

Yes I am 100% convinced (barring apocalypse etc.)

Would you know what to do with a record? That's 150 year old technology. If not you know how to look up the information hopefully?

OTOH, would you know what to do with a wax cylinder (or even what it is?) or how about an 8-track cartridge or a reel-to-reel tape?

And, if you knew what to do with these things, would you be able to actually do it?

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Put it anywhere and archive it with the Wayback Machine.
Anywhere + get the Internet Archive to index it?

IPFS could be a contender, though I don't know where it stands now, but it's the ambition, at least.

The internet archive seems to continually be getting into legally precarious situations. I wouldn’t bet on it staying around for too long.
there is no way we will let the Internet Archive die, absolutely no way
I hope that’s true, but who actually has agency over its existence and how much control do we actually have?
Within 10 years probably not. Within 50? I'm not so sure.

Everything has an end.

IPFS doesn't work like that. It's not an immutable archive. A node on the network has to actively host (or "pin") the content for it to be available on the network. Yes the content can be cached by other nodes, but see the definition of a cache for why you can't rely on that in the long term.
Yes, I know, but I do think the theory is eventually, it would be cheapest and capable for permanent storage, well, storage is cheap already, the matter is more that the host is reliable enough, so it has to be decentralized.
Forever is a really long time, but I think a public GitHub repository should be reasonably durable. You can easily host sites on GitHub and Microsoft has a vested interest in keeping repositories around.
Put it on Blogger from Google. Has been around since 1999. There are some huge blogs/websites hosted on Blogger.

They make money with Adsense, and it turn Google does to.

Google has killed a lot of products but in my opinion they will keep this. There are just so many blogs, little and small, some who have posts dating from '99 even, still online.

Is Google going to be around in its current form a hundred years from now?

Google in 2024 feels like IBM in 1974. The brand will surely exist fifty years from now, but possibly much diminished. I wouldn’t count on any specific product surviving the “legacification” of Google.

I (wrongly?!) assumed that Google had shut down Blogger years ago and that this was sarcasm, using Google’s history of killing services to highlight the folly of relying on a commercial service to still be around years or decades later.

Poe’s law at its best.

Putting it on Arweave is the best I can think of. And then link to the content on arweave.net:

https://www.google.com/search?q=site:arweave.net+book

As Arweave is designed for this exact use case. Even if arweave.net disappears, one can still find the content one the Arweave blockchain via the hash. The chain is built in a way that it creates a very high incentive for people around the world to keep hosting the content.

This is preposterous. You're suggesting a "solution" that's overly complicated by orders of magnitude, fragile and relies on the continued value of some shitcoin. Plus the company behind the underlying shitcoin is already dead because they were offering unlicensed securities.
> is already dead

Which kinda proves the concept works. People shitting on web3 are clueless what it is.

Whatever arweave is stupid but op has the right idea that the best place to store data on the Internet is the blockchain.
I'll offer a weird but (I hope) valid alternative to the other great suggestions here:

print the code of the static webpage on a piece of paper. Even better, archival paper [0], so it will really last a long time.

In the future, anyone would be able to point a... smartphone, or a camera, to the paper, and instantly retrieve the webpage. An AI will ask them if they want to render the page using one of these very, very old things called browsers.

[0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid-free_paper

I think OP said he wants it on the Internet.
OP said:

> In the back of the book, I'd like to put a 2D barcode to send folks to a static webpage somewhere, maybe for further information, an update, text changes, etc.

How are you going to put the update/text change into the printed book? I think the point was tobe able to change the info when the books are already distributed.

Don't just use one solution, use all of those mentioned here, redundancy might help.
I’m surprised we don’t use archived/cached links for read-only content more often.
100 years is too long. Maybe not because the company or institution where you will host it directly or indirectly will vanish (the Lindy effect matters choosing one), but because we, as internet and its users, moved on. The changes are accelerating, in the last very few years AIs are being used as search engines and providing content, new generations doesn't read so much (as they consume things like Instagram or TikTok), and that is a relatively recent development.

You may still find user pages on universities that goes back to the early 90's, before that simply there was no web, and that was just 30 years back, 10 years earlier was the start of TCP/IP, mail and DNS protocols. But 20 years later from now things may be very different to what we know so far.

Maybe it would be for the better to ride the waves, and instead of doing things like we did till a few years back, rely on AIs or other systems that will hold that knowledge somewhat and that can be interacted with. And hope that where you put the today's style static web page with your book addendum gets indexed by them and used when the consumer of the content you created request it somehow.

Indeed, I would be very surprised if the concept of visiting a webpage is even a thing in 100 years. Perhaps in some archival sense, but I really do not think the average person will have any experiences accessing any variation of “somewebsite.com” at all.

You cannot fight change, and you cannot fight your own impermanence. And so what if it does last 100 years, then what? Should it last 200? 1000? 1,000,000? Just be, and be happy. Live, laugh, love is wiser advice than you’d think.

You might find this perplexing, but trust me when I say that the kind of legacy that needs to endure centuries, and VC wet dreams like AI are totally disjunct domains.
> 100 years is too long.

The Long Now Foundation would like to have a word.

The Long Now Foundation has existed for less than 30 years. They have some lofty goals, but they're just goals.
Their main goal is education, and since you didn't ask, seems like they've been successful with you.

It's not like they sell web hosting that I'm trying to get OP to use.

carve it as QR codes in stone
And then people looking for the info can travel to the location of the stones and scan them? That doesn't sound very convenient.
Ultimately you have to give a human direct responsibility for it; or in your case, a series of humans.

I'd suggest you do buy a domain, but set up a legal/financial framework so that a long-standing law firm will keep up the payments for N decades (or for as long as the firm & its successors exist).

This is exactly the wrong advice, instead put your data on the blockchain, preferably Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash or Ethereum.

"Free" data storage for as long as the internet exists.

Make the barcode to your transaction with the data, anyone with a brain and time can figure it out from there.

Whether its right or wrong advice depends on GPs audience.
? "Free" data storage for as long as the internet exists.

The big blockchains are robust, but I'm wondering if it's not impossible for them to not need the full blockchain at some point.

What generalizations suggests is what people have been doing successfully for hundreds of years to maintain things much more complicated than a website (a multi-generational family estate, for example). What you're suggesting has never been tried for any period of time. Tell me again how his advice is wrong and yours is right?
> "Free" data storage for as long as the internet exists.

Oh ye of so much faith.

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You gotta go "store and forward" to have a chance.

- Make your static data small.

- Pick a version scheme and use it.

- Gather your static data into a release, including an indicator of the version, and sign it.

- Also gather your static data into a form easily transmittable by others. If your static data will fit into a few pages of PDFs, it can be read by just about anything with a CPU that real people touch, and can also be printable. There are many tools that create PDFs that aren't Adobe.

- HTML archives, such as those that SingleFile make, are better than PDFs but less accessible (e.g. not viewable on phones, require extension to be installed).

- License the content in a way that encourages sharing.

- Make sure the content itself encourages sharing. Good, unique artwork tends to do this, in addition to the data itself being interesting or important. Comics from the 1940s made it to the Internet age and they'll probably make the post-Internet age too.

- Discord, Telegram, and Github would be an example of three places that would understand the concept of "here's a PDF of a site, here for archival purposes, feel free to share this to anyone or print it."