Ask HN: Options for One-Handed Typing
A relative of mine recently suffered a serious injury to their dominant (right) arm, which will have a long recovery period (likely several months). Ideally finger movement will be restored sooner, but even if so it might not be comfortable to keep the injured arm in an ergonomic typing position.
So I wanted to prepare some options for one-handed typing that they can review. At first glance, it looks like solutions fall into one of three categories:
- Trainings on how to effectively use a keyboard with one hand
- Keyboard remappings on existing hardware to use alternative key layouts that favor the keys on the left side
- Specialty keyboards that are intended to be used with one hand. Some of these seem promising but also shockingly expensive.
Any thoughts on what solutions you've seen work / you might pursue in a similar situation?
98 comments
[ 3.7 ms ] story [ 156 ms ] threadhttps://www.mytwiddler.com/
Separate from that, when I've temporarily injured one hand/arm or the other, typing on a QWERTY keyboard wasn't that slow for me. Especially if I typed all-lowercase. Though my normal typing style has two hands moving around the keyboard a bit; I don't know whether traditional home-row typists would fine one-handed more difficult.
(Just be careful when Web searching about this topic at work, since it's bumping into an old euphemism joke on Reddit.)
Like OP's relative, I also could not use my dominant arm, nor have my arm in a position that would allow typing one handed on a regular keyboard. The twiddler was the only commercially available option that I was able to find that would allow me to type in this state. So, another recommendation of twiddler, but with the caveat that the original had several warts, and while they appear to be redesigned, they may still suffer from some of them.
The velcro strap to hold it to the hand, combined with the shape of the keyboard, allowed it to shift position while typing making it harder to use. Photos of the current models show they have a different shape now. Maybe this is less of a problem now? They are also wireless now, so there isn't a wire constantly pulling it out of position whenever you move.
The keyboard markings rubbed off completely after only a few weeks of use on my OG twiddler. Hopefully they have worked that manufacturing issue out for the current models.
If it’s human text (as opposed to code), one handed swipe style typing on a smartphone can get really fluid, and it’s relatively easy to get for someone who is a touch typer. I’d check on ways to use that as computer input if needed.
autohotkey layout: https://github.com/hanmindev/mirrorboard
xkb layout: https://blog.xkcd.com/2007/08/14/mirrorboard-a-one-handed-ke...
Ofc if you're not doing text based work this wouldn't apply.
https://blog.xkcd.com/2007/08/14/mirrorboard-a-one-handed-ke...
Back in the day I switched to Dvorak and came across the "one handed Dvorak layout. This may be what you are referring to. I haven't tried it much but those layouts could be a temporary solution. I found Qwerty to be a lot easier to type one handed straight up because Dvorak tries to alternate hands between keys.
I recently discovered Talon, an open source app for voice control of basically everything on a machine that requires no typing at all. I saw some people are using it even if they can use their hands, as a power tool. It appears to be fully Python scriptable and also gives you some nice speech to text abilities too.
It allows you to specify a bunch of keywords for typing symbols and it looks like some people can do full coding quite quickly.
Perhaps this injury could be an opportunity to try something like this and become more powerful than before?
Best of luck and recovery to your friend.
https://talonvoice.com/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dvorak_keyboard_layout#One-han...
Advice from when I learned Dvorak: post a picture of the keyboard layout at monitor height (I put it on my background) so you can figure out where the characters are without looking down.
DonHopkins on Nov 24, 2023 | parent | context | favorite | on: AI is currently just glorified compression
I love David MacKay's brilliant work on the Dasher text input system, which draws deeply from his work on information theory -- imagine Dasher integrated with an IDE and code search and Copilot and language model!
"Writing is navigating in the library of all possible books." -David MacKay
We just allocate more shelf space to the more probable letters.
Why isn't Dasher built into every operating system and mobile phone?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasher_(software)
https://dasher.acecentre.net/about/
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17105728
DonHopkins on May 18, 2018 | parent | context | favorite | on: Pie Menus: A 30-Year Retrospective: Take a Look an...
Dasher is fantastic, because it's based on rock solid information theory, designed by the late David MacKay. Here is the seminal Google Tech Talk about it:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wpOxbesRNBc
Here is a demo of using Dasher by an engineer at Google, Ada Majorek, who has ALS and uses Dasher and a Headmouse to program:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LvHQ83pMLQQ
Another one of her demonstrating Dasher:
Ada Majorek Introduction - CSUN Dasher
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SvsSrClBwPM
Here’s a more recent presentation about it, that tells all about the latest open source release of Dasher 5:
Dasher - CSUN 2016 - Ada Majorek and Raquel Romano
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qFlkM_e-sDg
Here's the github repo:
Dasher Version 4.11
https://github.com/GNOME/dasher
>Dasher is a zooming predictive text entry system, designed for situations where keyboard input is impractical (for instance, accessibility or PDAs). It is usable with highly limited amounts of physical input while still allowing high rates of text entry.
Ada referred me to this mind bending prototype:
D@sher Prototype - An adaptive, hierarchical radial menu.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5oSfEM8XpH4
>( http://www.inference.org.uk/dasher ) - a really neat way to "dive" through a menu hierarchy/, or through recursively nested options (to build words, letter by letter, swiftly). D@sher takes Dasher, and gives it a twist, making slightly better use of screen revenue.
>It also "learns" your typical useage, making more frequently selected options larger than sibling options. This makes it faster to use, each time you use it.
>More information here: http://beznesstime.blogspot.com and here: https://forums.tigsource.com/index.php?topic=960
Dasher is even a viable way to input text in VR, just by pointing your head, without a special input device!
Text Input with Oculus...
I came here to suggest Dasher to OP also.
I've had email discussions about Dasher with people I mentioned like Ada Majorek (Google), also David Ward (Inference, who worked with the late David MacKay), Tom Doellstorff (UC Irvine), Donna Z. Davis (University of Oregon), and I've read several papers about it, and also the open source code on github, to understand how it works. So I took the time to summarize the points in the videos, the email discussions I've had, the papers I read, and source code I reviewed.
https://www.inference.org.uk/djw30/
There are many interesting points and ideas I've tried to gather together and summarize, and I think Dasher is an important, underrated, not widely known piece of work, that can deeply improve many people's lives, which more people should know about.
Not just people with a wide range of disabilities, but fully abled people without free time on their hands who frequently need to input lots of text quickly. That's why accessibility, diversity, equity, and inclusion are so important: they help everyone.
Dasher a wonderful open source project to contribute to, and a solid foundation that needs to be brought up-to-date and re-implement it in terms of modern LLMs, AI assisted IDEs like Cursor, mobile, and VR/AR user interfaces.
I don't have time to do all of that myself, but I hope to save other people time and effort by writing about it, and I hope to inspire students, researchers, software developers, hackers, and therapists who do have the time, interest, friends, loved ones, patients, and customers who could benefit from it.
I'm sorry to hear about your disabilities of poor reading comprehension and trouble parsing text, and I'm envious that you have so much free time and nothing better to do, that you can take time to complain about your impatience with and intolerance of my writing. But it would have been easier, more efficient, and less stressful for you to simply ignore things you're not interested in rather than unconstructively whining with off-topic posts that benefit nobody. Obviously you don't appreciate how lucky you are to be able to type such a useless post so easily. I'm not even asking you to be empathic, or give a shit about anyone but yourself: if you're lucky enough to live long enough, you'll need accessibility tools like Dasher too.
If you'd like to redeem yourself by writing a more useful constructive response to my post, then go right ahead, read my previous posts, watch all the videos, read all the papers and source code yourself, have some email discussions with other people using and working on Dasher, and then try to write a better summary, because your abstract summary above has absolutely no useful information, and isn't relevant to the discussion -- just a waste of your time and everyone else's.
Or you could even take the trivial effort to paste my write-up into ChatGPT and post a summary, but that would be much lower quality and less enlightening than actually watching the videos and reading the articles and source code I cited yourself, but still better and more interesting than your current bitter off-topic "contribution" to the discussion.
If it makes you feel better, I've written every word of this post personally just for you, MyPasswordSucks. No copying or pasting whatsoever (except the email at the end, with updated links to archive.org since my web site is offline, and I reformatted the transcript of Ada's video). Are you satisfied? Is that the attention you crave? Are my syntax and semantics comprehensible to you now? In return, what do you have to contribute to this discussion yourself, besides ...
̀However aaron695's sister comment is so comically wrong and off base that it's not worth vouching for, since it adds nothing to the discussion, and only goes to show what kind of a horrible person they are. It's amusing just how wrong they are, but insulting and offensive to most people, so please set showdead=true if you want to see it. We all know very well by now how Team MAGA sees empathy as a weakness, and has a sick fetish with mocking and abusing people with disabilities.
Trump mocks reporter with disability:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PX9reO3QnUA
>Donald Trump is under fire again, this time for mocking a New York Times reporter that suffers from a chronic condition. CNN's John Berman reports
Here's a low-effort ChatGPT generated TL;DR summary, to satisfy MyPasswordSucks who had trouble reading my other post:
Here’s the straight-up rundown of the Dasher thread:
DonHopkins jumped in to rave about Dasher—calling it a miracle for people who can’t type. He dropped links to videos, papers, GitHub, and even shared his personal emails with Ada Majorek, who uses Dasher because ALS stole her voice and hands. He made it clear he’d dug deep—watched hours of videos, pored over source code, talked to experts. He went all in to explain why Dasher deserves more love: it’s based on solid info theory, it learns your patterns, it’s openly extensible, and it works across languages and platforms—even VR.
Someone named novosel chimed in asking why Don’s comment was downvoted, saying Dasher really is worth knowing. But then MyPasswordSucks blasted it as “barely-parsable copy-paste diarrhea” and declared Dasher awful, claiming the whole thing was off-topic. He sneered at Don’s effort, calling it useless. aaron695 piled on, arguing Dasher isn’t the answer for someone with a short-term injury and criticizing Don’s wall of text even more harshly.
DonHopkins didn’t back down. He defended his post, pointed out how much final work he put in—no copying or pasting. He reminded people Ada had replied personally, highlighting how essential Dasher is for her. He got indignant about people whining instead of appreciating the depth of his write-up. In short, DonHopkins delivered a massive, heartfelt case for Dasher. Critics flamed him for style and focus. The result: a messy, heated debate between someone who’s poured years into accessibility work and anonymous commenters who can’t be bothered to look beyond a giant block of text.
I am ok with the long-form reply. We are all sentient, one can scan for the information or insights that are valuable to him/her. On the other hand, I dislike when information is withheld from me.
I was researching different input methods, and stumbled upon Dasher. What I like the most is:
It also seamlessly supports multiple languages, it can be pre-trained on examples of what you write so it adapts to your vocabulary and gives your favorite words more shelf space on the Library of Babel, and you can include symbols and control functions too. You could even have an "emoji" branch where you spell out the :smile: codes, constrained to just the defined codes so it's easier to select them (and see the growing emojis as you get near to spelling them out all the way), incrementally learning your favorites and making them easier to pick.
It drives me nuts how we blindly accept these ancient, kludgy input methods -- QWERTY is the biggest offender, but let’s not forget those shitty swipe keyboards that think gliding your thumb over letters is somehow “intuitive,” or the garbled cell-phone autocomplete systems that keep mangling your sentences until they’re barely recognizable, then texting embarrassing obscenities to your mom.
Dasher is in a league of its own. Instead of shoving you into a historically fixed grid of scrambled letters, or forcing you to hunt and peck through a list of predicted but unpredictable words, Dasher treats writing as a continuous journey through a probability landscape! You don’t tap tiny squares or hope the AI guesses what you meant, you literally “dive” into the next letter or word that’s statistically most likely. Maximum text output for minimum physical effort, without any of the guesswork or awkward ergonomics baked into hunt-n-pecking QWERTY, slippery swipe tricks, or psychotic autocomplete engines.
F would become J; S would become L, etc.
I was able to have a fairly decent input speed.
I wish I remembered why I did this. I think I had some tedious task that I couldn't figure out how to automate, that required me to have one hand on the mouse[1] most of the time, and swapping between keyboard and mouse all the time got tedious enough that I invested the time.
[1] Yes, the mouse. :)
edit: Ah, someone already made the same suggestion elsewhere here! I'm glad it's a popular choice.
Also if you go down the youtube rabbit hole you will find many interesting 1 hand layouts.
He does most of his typing these days with voice-to-text on his Android phone, and he's pretty adept with it. Otherwise he gets by pretty well with a standard Apple keyboard. He's not winning any speed awards but he does alright.
Hope this helps your relative. Good luck.
https://tipykeyboard.com/en/produkt/tipy-keyboard-black-en
However, if your relative is employed and needs to type for the job, then there's a good chance the employer will pay for it if it means they can work more efficiently during these months. Another option, which however is much less likely to succeed and will probably take much longer, is to try to get this through health insurance.
https://www.instagram.com/reel/DKcV8_cPHll/
They made a one handed keyboard for someone who can't use their right hand. They also open sourced it on github:
https://github.com/htx-studio/One-Handed-Keyboard
https://www.maltron.com/store/p19/Maltron_Single_Hand_Keyboa...
They’re expensive, and the other options mentioned may be better, but I feel like they should be included for completeness’ sake at the very least.
I have a tap strap, but I use it mostly as a remote control for my TV, not as a primary input device. It probably works, but I'm not good enough with it to have the kind of error rate I'd really like.
Android has a Morse input method which would be entirely suitable for one-handed text input and there are certainly solutions for using an android phone as a keyboard, but I don't know how it'd handle things like arrow keys.
IMO - if possible just peck-type(like an old lady who is learning to use a keyboard) or use text to speech/AI & editing where possible - like in emails. They shouldn't be using the left arm/hand much right after surgery anyway. If they're programming definitely not as easy but still doable.