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I remember when I saw MARS.EXE for the first time on my 386. That was something absolutely unimaginable for real-time graphics. Pure magic!

It's fascinating to see that 30 years later someone is still working around its source code.

I remember when the demo came out (I didn't even know it was called a "demo" at the time). We gathered around it running on one of the lab PCs. It was quite unbelievable that something like it could be done in such a tiny executable.
Beautiful.

For comparison: In Windows 11, Notepad's size, referring to the disk space it occupies, is approximately 25.1 MB according to the Microsoft Store.

How did it get that big? On my Windows 10, notepad.exe is 196 kB, I remembered it being under 100 kB, but it did get a few more features in the last years. Anyways, hard to judge considering that a good part of the original Notepad is likely to be standard Win32 components.

Anyways, none of these "mainsteam" apps hold a candle to sizecoding productions. Just look like what comes out of Lovebyte, a demoparty where no production is above 1 kB.

WTF? On Windows 7 it was 189 KB
The explanation is a great read. It reminds me of Unc's amazing explanation of how they did "cdak", possibly one of the best 4k demos ever made:

https://web.archive.org/web/20150112121832/https://www.pouet...

(for completeness, cdak pouet/download page: https://www.pouet.net/prod.php?which=55758 - youtube capture: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RCh3Q08HMfs)

yay, another person with a bookmark to webarchive copy of that thread. dune's (Lassi Nikko) post about the making of the music for cdak was equally metal, if a bit too short.
Ive looked for an online dosbox that would let me load the ASM, but weirdly found nothing.
Description from pouet.net and how it works (1)

The Mars demo was written by Elixir's resident graphics guru and Head of R & D Tim Clarke in 1993, whilst he was still at school. Freely distributed on the Internet, the demo soon gained legendary status for its ability to generate fractal terrain and render it real time, all with a meagre 5K. As a result Tim was headhunted to work for space agency Lunacorp in Washington for several summers whilst studying at Cambridge University.

We recommend running this in DOS mode as it was designed to run on a 386 and may well crash Windows. Remember that this demo was designed for machines that were around in 1993! Use the mouse to move around and press any key to quit.

(1) https://www.pouet.net/prod_nfo.php?which=4662

It's a classic demo. The question is, how does the size-reduced version perform on an 80386? (as opposed to a multi-gigahertz machine trusting DOSBox to emulate a 386)
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I remember seeing this, reading the high level description of how it works, and doing my own implementation in school. Probably in Turbo Pascal on a 486.
MARS.EXE... Now, that's a name I've not heard in a long time. A long time.
Would love seeing this running on the web via WASM or similar :)
I remember poking at it in the binary editor and finding a byte that changed the color palette from red base to green and blue.
Did Mars.exe anticipate Comanche's Voxel Space 3-D rendering algorithm?
Comanche (Maximum Overkill) came out a year before and looked very blocky compared to Mars. I always wondered why there isn't a game based on Mars... Magic Carpet (1994) was awesome though.
Magic Carpet used a triangle rasteriser though. Glenn Corpes wrote a bit about it on Usenet back in the 90s. It’s fascinating reading!
Micro optimization like this to get big size or speed advantages seems to yield huge results, with the downside that it is hugely human labour intensive.

If we could train AI to do it, it might be a revolution in software performance.