High energy sports drinks boost performance even if you spit them out (theguardian.com)

More evidence in support of the central governor theory. It's not about the carbs, it's about the brain getting the "we got carbs" signal, which leads to increased effort.

I’ve seen this evident in triathlon for years.

Checkout the last 30min of the Kona Ironman races, you’ll see them taking, then spitting out flat cola.

2009