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Why isn't fil-C ABI compatible with C?

https://fil-c.org/runtime

Apparently this was done intentionally. The rationale given is that we don't want to allow non-safe C to be used in fil-C programs. Fair enough.

But why should we prevent fil-C programs to be used from Rust (or C, for that matter)?

I don't understand much about compilers, but I guess allowing one would also allow the other? i.e. it's not possible to make fil-C ABI compatible with C (so that it can be more easily called), while also not letting you use call C from it?

There is a solution that Mozilla uses in prod for legacy C codecs:

https://rlbox.dev/

It's not a replacement for Fil-C's role as a precise ASAN/Valgrind, but it works great if you want to call a C library without letting it freely spray caller's memory.

This would also mean that you wouldn't need unsafe{} to call into the Fil-C ffi. The majority of unsafe{} in (non pure-rust) cargo dependencies is calling C ffi. Rust + Fil-C is a great match that fills a particular niche, I'd love to see it happen.
> [...] instead of accidentally linking ordinary C into it

Out of curiosity. If you really needed to, could a language speak both the C ABI and the Fil-C ABI? As I understand Fil-C itself can't do this without having Python-like FFI overhead, but maybe a different compiler implementation could?

(revised comment)

Hm on first reading I was confused by the extern "fil-c" framing -- that seems to imply a bridge between C and Fil-C, which introduces some nasty language/runtime inter-op issues.

But I like this part

I want a Rust FFI that speaks the Fil-C ABI. ... We could use Rust for compile-time safety and then pay a performance penalty for using C.

Reading this my slop-sense is tingling.
Extern "fil-C" can't be compatible with Rust code or something similar. It requires a metadata block attached to each allocation. So, if a memory block has been allocated in Rust and a pointer to it is passed to a fil-C function, it can't access it correctly. The only way to allow such cross-langauge-and-abi calls is to compile Rust code itself like fil-C, which requires doubled memory consumption, expensive runtime checks and GC overhead.
Naah.

Solvable by turning the usual C library allocation pattern inside-out:

Only the C side allocates, Rust gets views of that memory.

Also well established - calling WebAssembly components requires exactly the same pattern, as the only way to malloc is to call into the WASM side.

LLM-written post, but I think the core idea is okay. I would advocate for more opportunities for safety, even if some of the safety is runtime safety rather than "only" Rust's borrow checker.