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If you're too busy to read the whole article or watch the keynote, also note that you can upgrade directly from Snow Leopard or later. They listed the hardware models which will take it as well– the 2007 Mac Minis and MacBook Pros are supposedly good to go.
Apple is all about that planned obsolescence, right!
That argument usually applied to iOS an their practices about non easily user repairable hardware.
I’ve heard it made plenty times in reference to OS X (also iOS where they are really pushing the boundaries of the hardware to bring it to old devices). Every time a new version comes out, actually.
> That argument usually applied to iOS...

That's been the traditional criticism against Apple and Mac seemingly forever. (User of Apples since Apple II+ and original Macintosh.)

Planned obsolescence has been Apple's standard operating procedure since the beginning.
Whatever. Is that why I've used my desktop Macs for an average of about 8 years before replacing them, and same with the laptops, at which time, I sold them, still working, to others?
Indeed. What about the Apple II/e and original Macintoshes remaining useful for a decade after their release?
It can still be planned obsolescence even if the plan is a good one. ;)

Apple has always attempted to strike a balance between longevity and progress, especially on Macs (5-7 year lifespan, usually). iOS is faster-moving, and gets the shaft more often (2-3 years, sometimes less). The latter will hopefully get better as the mobile hardware catches up to desktops; most of the forced upgrades have been due to low RAM or other hardware deficiencies.

Since you're being credulous, I'll bite:

Just because it's "free" and you can update systems that are on Snow Leopard, doesn't mean it'll update all systems on Snow Leopard. For those paying attention, Apple killed off quite a bit of hardware with 10.8. Those certainly aren't upgradable to Mavericks.

To call that planned obsolescence is completely ridiculous.
It's not. All hardware has a planned lifecycle and it's just up to them to draw the line in the sand. They'll also do it through software updates by making less features available on the older model in order to compel you to upgrade to the newer. "AirPlay Mirroring" only available in Sandy Bridge or greater because of the usage of Intel QuickSync is an example of that.

For any cocoa/obj-c dev that's dealt with constant deprecated API's on Mac, they know exactly what I'm talking about.

> They'll also do it through software updates by making less features available on the older model in order to compel you to upgrade to the newer. "AirPlay Mirroring" only available in Sandy Bridge or greatest because of the usage of Intel QuickSync is an example of that.

By your own admission that's not "in order to compel you to upgrade to the newer." That's because the newer hardware is required to make it work satisfactorily.

No, because third party alternatives like AirParrot or Beamer work just as well and without the hardware restriction.
They may work, but they don't work just as well.
Oh yes, you're right. They don't work just as well, they work better.

AirParrot has additional features like sending only one specific application window to the ATV and control over quality.

Beamer lets you seamlessly stream any kind of movie format you want and also gives control over subtitles.

Both work all the way back on 10.6. I don't suppose you could give me any advantages of Apple-branded AirPlay Mirroring huh?

The point of Quick Sync is to offload video encoding to specialized hardware, which reduces CPU usage. A quick Google search confirms that AirParrot uses a lot of CPU, which hurts the user experience. I won't opine on whether this is worth dropping the feature (and of course an application could be designed to use Quick Sync if available and fall back to the CPU otherwise; would be nice if OS X exposed this as a public API, although I think it's not hard to get at anyway), but there certainly is an advantage.
I think it is more that Apple didn't want to implement and maintain two different solutions for the same problem.
Also, their OS upgrades are more expensive than everyone else's because their customers are idiot sheep easily fooled by flashy marketing. That's why this is so expensive.
While they may be good to go, I still like waiting a week to upgrade apple products. They do occasionally break things important to my workflow. The last one for me was VirtualBox support along with the Xcode commandline tools. While workarounds and patches appear fairly quickly, it is prudent not to put myself out of action, potentially for days or weeks, if I can avoid it.
It's always a good idea to create a smaller partition and install the new OS. Make sure that everything is working, then upgrade the main partition.
Or just wait for someone else to try it. I'm not sure what anyone ever loses by waiting a week or so.
Didn't Lion not support 2008 models? I think it's cool, and unusual, that they can now upgrade to Mavericks.
I'm running Lion on 2007 MacBook, so it should support 2008 models.

The problem was with Mountain Lion, because it required 64-bit EFI (or something) which older models don't have.

My girlfriend uses a 2008 aluminum MB (non-Pro), and I never had any issues upgrading her to previous versions of OSX. Now it's running Mountain Lion and downloading Mavericks as I type.
Nice. My 2008 black macbook wouldn't upgrade. But I went MacBook Air, which was great.
Depends on which model and when you bought it. If it's an iMac, you're good all the way back to mid-2007. Mac Pro needs to be early 2008 or later. Mac Mini needs to be early 2009 or later.

If it won't run Lion/Mountain Lion, it won't run Mavericks either, unfortunately.

Also note that some features (e.g., AirDrop) aren't available on older machines running Mountain Lion, even if the basic OS runs. I don't know if that's been changed for Mavericks.

I wonder what the technical reason is for not letting Leopard users upgrade. It seems like everyone I know with a 2008/2009 is still on 10.5.8
No app store in Leopard? If the MAS is the only distribution vector, there's a bootstrapping problem from 10.5 IIRC.
10.5 doesn't support the Mac App Store. And, why would they put effort into testing the upgrade process from an OS that is only still used by people who never upgrade the OS?
snow leopard was the first 64-bit only OS X. You couldn't allow all Leopard users to upgrade, so that's not what's in the press release. People may still be able to upgrade though, if they can work out how to install the App Store.
Snow Leopard still supported 32-bit processors. Lion requires a 64-bit processor, and Mountain Lion requires 64-bit firmware.
apologies - I remembered it wrong!
The most technical reason for not offering an upgrade to all 10.5 users is: PowerPC-Architecture! 10.6 was the first Intel-Only OS X, and 10.5 the last one for PowerPCs.
The question isn't why they aren't offering upgrades to all 10.5 users, it's why they're not offering upgrades to any 10.5 users.
As someone who is using Snow Leopard (10.6) on some older macs. The path to upgrading seems to be through apple support or buying a snow leopard disc. (as the app store offers me mountain lion upgrades on machines that don't support it).
In mid-2012 Leopard users were offered a free DVD upgrade to Snow Leopard to get the App Store (and access to later upgrades).
No luck for us 1st gen 2006 macbook users!
There was no luck on Lion or Mountain Lion either.
Sadly the first Core Duo's were 32 bit.

With that in mind, I can understand Apples motivation to move the whole line to 64 as soon as is possible.

Sadly first Core Duo's sucked so much that I spent way more time on G4 than on CD.
I'm hopeful I didn't misread the slide, and that the original Macbook Air will be supported. Not my primary laptop, but it'd be great to move up from Lion.
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Nope. The original MacBook Air used a shitty Intel GMA GPU. OS X 10.8 and later require a real GPU - NVidia, AMD, or Intel Sandy Bridge or newer.
10.8 didn't support that MBA, so I'm not sure why you would hope that 10.9 would suddenly reintroduce compatibility.
Maybe because the App Store requirements, rather strangely, say "OSX 10.6.8". I suspect that might well be why it's free - can't have lots of people paying for something they can't use, much easier to do the checks during installation than at POS, and there will be a LOT of compatibility issues with various machines on the cusp.
I tried buying Mountain Lion on a machine that ran Lion but doesn't support ML, and the App Store does have hardware checks at point of sale. It won't let you buy/download it if your machine is incompatible.
Does anyone have a 2007 MBP with a functioning battery?
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That's confusing, didn't they charge to upgrade to ML. Doesn't that then infer they should refund anyone who paid for an ML upgrade?
Why? I got what they paid for. I don't feel slighted.

I don't really understand how you can be confused.

A boot to the face of Microsoft.
Yup. They had trouble getting people to buy Windows 8 when it was $40.
Do you have a citation for that? I can't seem to find any sales information on the $40 promo.
No kidding.

Not only will Apple get some good press for this (barring any major technical snafu) but they'll glean some additional community goodwill and drastically reduce the number of legacy OS X versions in the wild.

OsX is not free, you still need to buy a Mac. As for MSFT , they are a software company,not sure what they can do about Windows price ,which will never be free. Want free stuff? use Linux.
Linux is not free, you still need to buy a computer.
Any computer. Including the one you already own, and none of which are produced by the Linux Foundation.

I will give that driver support for wifi cards may make some computers more awkward than others. It's very rare these days that any common device other than a wifi card or a just this week released graphics card causes problems any more.

(As an aside, how do you escape asterisks here?)

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Let me google that for you, I'll be back with the answer in just a minute.
Linus is not forcing you to buy specific hardware to get linux installed. You can't install os x without apple-produced hardware.
Since when have you had to have a Mac to run OSX?
Lion officially supported 2 VM instances in the license (not sure about Mountain Lion). I'm curious if VM installs of Mavericks will also be free.
Windows 8.1 upgrade is free. How is this any different?
Well, a much smaller percentage of Windows users are on 8.0 than OS X users are on Snow Leopard or later. If Blue allowed upgrades from Windows 7 for free, that'd be a more equal comparison.
Mavericks is free from Snow Leopard onwards (because Leopard didn't have the appstore).

In terms of period that's equivalent to giving 8.1 free to all W7 users (both SL and W7 were released mid-2009)

Microsoft's business model is selling a licensed OS, something which honestly is getting harder every passing day. Apple's business model is selling compelling hardware at a premium price with their own software preloaded.

Apple could (and now indeed does) give away their software for free and still make a decent living. Their software wont run on any hardware they haven't already made a profit on, so there's no significant "piracy" risk either way.

That said, Windows 8.1 was a free upgrade for everyone already on the Windows 8 bandwagon (and thus in need for some overhauls).

Haven't the service packs always been free? I don't remember paying for any, at least...
Microsoft sells software, Apple sells hardware with matching software. But make no mistake, they are a hardware company - OSX won't even run without a chip confirming its an authentic Mac.

The idea that they would charge for these smaller OSX updates is bizarre, and the price point has been in the "we need this for accounting" range in the past.

I feel the need to point out that you can run Mac OS X on pretty much any recent Intel processor and a wide range of motherboards. It is not locked to Apple hardware.
Theres a reason they call them Hackintosh. It's not because that is an officially supported configuration.
There's a giant difference between "not officially supported" and "a cryptography chip locks you out".
I guess you should take a look at what installing a hackintosh system entails. It starts with flashing your BIOS and it doesn't get any better afterwards.
You're either running a massively unsupported configuration (even for hackintosh standards) or just plain trolling. I'm posting this from a hackintosh I triboot with Windows and Debian. The difficulty involved reading a HCL when I built the system 3 years ago. The installation involved burning a disc and booting from it.
Nope. You burn the disk and install OSX as normal. Depending on the hardware you might need to download a few kext (Kernal Extensions AKA "drivers") Comparable to installing Linux or Windows.
> It starts with flashing your BIOS and it doesn't get any better afterwards.

Not true at all. Maybe if you're using old or unsupported hardware.

At most you'll need to set your BIOS to Optimized Defaults.

There is a certain working around the official seals involved. Google DSMOS.
When I was dabbling with Hackintoshes a few years ago, updating the OS was not supported (regardless of your hardware) and there were a couple of other limitations. Have most major issues like that been sorted out?
Nope, I'm burning a new usb install for Mavericks as we speak lol, have to do a whole new install for a major upgrade like this.
Which I did/do for my Macbook Pro anyway. So when I got into the Hackintosh scene, it's second nature. I typically recommend formatting when upgrading anyway. Just doesn't feel right to just upgrade. Maybe it's just left over nightmares from when I was on Windows. Only way to upgrade was to format.
Have you seen the docs for what it takes to get that running? Have you seen the docs for what it takes to complete a normal "update"?

Trying to run OS X on non-Apple hardware makes the old days of "cumbersome" Linux-systems look like kindergarten-stuff.

I'd hardly say it just runs.

If you spend the time to research and get the parts that are supported by OS X, building a Hackintosh is breeze. I have had no problems with the one I built.
Could you give us a couple links to kick off our own research? I've been wanting to do this for some time now but have been putting it off.
Maybe I was unlucky with my hardware but for me it was an uphill battle all the way and I never got anything near working.

The best I had was a system which booted (incredibly slowly) and for which I could never get wifi working.

YMMV, but you have been warned. Even with good documentation, there is absolutely no guarantee you'll get anywhere at all.

You've really got to just follow the hardware guides to the tee, and I personally recommend using their prebuilt configs. If you go on tonymac or the other hackintosh sites they will have different hardware lists that are more or less guaranteed to work, as all the components will be ones used in mac desktops and have built in support. There is definitely a huge dick around if you try and be adventurous and go off the beaten path, and you will spend hours messing with the loader configs and kexts etc.
That's sort of what he's going for though- remember the old days of Linux when only certain devices were supported? When using OS X like this, you don't even have the luxury of writing in new code to support them.
It's definitely limited. But hackintoshes are a planned and strategic undertaking. You want OS X but don't want to pay the rape rates requisite of the apple brand. So you build your pc based on the hardware guide so that everything will work from the start. If you need to add more hardware, you just buy the brand that will work. There's not enough limitation to make it suck, and you're paying 700-800 bucks for a computer that the mac equivalent would run you 3 grand.
Have you read the updated docs? Oh, you didn't get the memo. Oh, the memo is stuck in 1999. Oh.
When the Hackintosh movement started that was the case, sure. Nowadays it's a lot easier - tools like MultiBeast make it trivial on fully compatible hardware.
Na. If you get the right parts(mainly gigabyte motherboards) and read TonyMacOSX, you can get a Hackintosh up as easy as a Linux install.

It's literally build the computer, put the required software on USB drive(Unibeast). Boot computer, format drive, install OSX. Run Multibeast. Voila. Keep usb drive for when you update.

> OSX won't even run without a chip confirming its an authentic Mac.

You mean EFI? Because Macs don't have any special hardware inside, and especially not any "authentic Mac" chips.

They have at least one special chip that must be emulated - the smc. If you havent read the story of the copy protection poem you should check it out.
And it's worth pointing out that the SMC does more than copy protection. It's also responsible for some power management functions and practically all the thermal management - which is nice because it means you get sensible fan speeds even when running a different OS that doesn't have drivers for the Mac.
>Microsoft sells software, Apple sells hardware with matching software.

Something Microsoft would love, love, love to change about themselves. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Surface

And according to companies like HP , they are officially a competitor. At least for them. On paper. They have yet to make any real world moves to proof they actually compete in the hardware sector. A 800 million dollar write off with the first device does not really count.
What chip? I have a hakintosh with 10.8.4..
I'm not sure I understand this.

Windows 8.1 is about as equivalent to OS X 10.9 as you can get and it was also free.

What exactly is the "boot to the face" here?

Except Mavericks is free for everyone (who can run it). I have Windows 7 and MS is not offering 8 or 8.1 to me for free.
No kidding. You didn't buy your laptop/desktop from Microsoft, did you? Maybe you should take up your claim for free Windows 8 with Lenovo/Dell/HP/Toshiba.
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Apple's attempting to set a new expectation with consumers: OS updates should be free. Users are already accustomed to it on their phones, now they'll start to expect it of their computers.

I'm willing to wager that Apple never charges for an OS update again. I'm surprised they've taken this long to make the leap. (Of course, Microsoft makes more from OEM licensing than upgrades, but it's still a blow to their value in the consumer headspace.)

Apple and Microsoft are in almost entirely disjoint businesses, anyway. I doubt that there's much useful analogizing to be done about their current respective situations.

FULL DISCLOSURE: Apple employee.

This is very significant because it has signaled a shift from a time where Operating Systems was once a major revenue stream.

Very interested to see if Microsoft will follow suit.

Was OS revenue ever a big source of income for Apple?
"Very interested to see if Microsoft will follow suit."

And what? Make it up in volume? Unless Microsoft's Surface sales take-off, they can't afford to give Windows away for free apart from what are essentially service-packs like the 8.1 update they just released.

Make it up in Windows Store sales commissions? However, you are right, Windows is a cash cow that generates immense revenue to Microsoft.
And what? Make it up in volume?

Just chiming in conversationally (not refuting anything), but Windows original ascension was entirely based on piracy -- Microsoft did nothing to stop home users from thieving Windows as it lubricated its use for business (and business could much more easily be convinced to spend, if not at the outset, once the infrastructure was in place and they suddenly worried about a disgruntled employee turn them in).

And of course, Microsoft knows (and controls) the ecosystem more than anyone. Microsoft should be able to monetize users beyond just the operating system, but they are proving totally incompetent at doing that with home users.

MS could make upgrades free whilst still charging OEMs and home builders.
I expect they could offer free upgrades for the consumer edition of the OS without any significant hit. The bulk of their revenues are surely from OEMs and businesses, not home users buying a boxed copy.
Microsoft has a history of giving away free updates to the operating system when you buy their hardware: I never had to pay for any OS updates on my Xbox 360.
Right. Apple event today.

What on earth compelled Nokia to launch their new Windows-tablet on the same day?

they knew it's crap and wanted to bury it?
Dunno. I looked at an overview of the thing, and it seemed not too bad. Design looked nice, the battery in the keyboard cover thing seemed cool.

I can't imagine buying over an iPad, but I could see where it might appeal to more MS oriented folks.

Nokia announced their event first. Two ways to read Apple then targeting the same day -

For the Apple Fanboy: Apple wasn't even aware Nokia was releasing anything, because honestly, it's windows mobile so who cares, and this is pure coincidence.

For the Msft Fanboy: Apple releases a sad, incremental improvement in hardware that isn't their primary focus anymore in an attempt to keep the attention off of a rival.

Or Apple knew, but it didn't affect their timing at all. Apple only announces on Tuesdays, and there are only 5 Tuesdays in October - and we've known this announcement was coming this month for a very, very long time.

I sincerely doubt Apple gives one tiny hoot about Windows tablets when it comes to timing their announcements. A flagship Android tablet maybe.

Considering today's October 22 iPad announcement came 364 days after last year's October 23 iPad announcement, I'm going to guess Nokia's announcement wasn't a contributing factor for Apple's scheduling.
I own a 2008 15" MBP. I didn't want to upgrade from Snow Leopard - there seemed to be a synergy between SL and my hardware.

Even for free, I'm weary of upgrading my OS. Too scared to take a performance hit.

Recent releases of OS X, and probably this latest one too, have focused a lot on actually improving the efficiency of the OS. Can't know for sure w/o trying it, but I'd expect to get a performance improvement from the upgrade.
Initial reports from the GM tell of many improvements, especially the memory subsystem which aside from the possibly gimmicky memory compression finally stopped sucking and swapping for no reason because it couldn't handle its own caches correctly. Users on even high-RAM configurations (16~32GB) which would still end up swapping in previous versions due to memleaks and memory mismanagement report 0 swapping.
I love SL and I was really hesitant to upgrade to Lion. When I did, it was weird but I got over it. Lion and ML feel so much faster.
I'm just worried that I'll be upgrading for eye-candy rather than increased power usability.
Reading the review has convinced me to try it. I'll backup SL and download Mavericks next week!
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Does anyone know if this upgrade is worthwhile for software development?
I would think it'd only make a big difference if you're developing targeting this newest release of OSX. There isn't a new XCode release at this time.[0] It is likely that the next XCode release will require Mavericks to run.

[0] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xcode#Version_history

Battery life is said to increase an hour and the multiple screen monitor functionality has been improved. Nothing that would really change your development drastically. That being said it is a solid release and quite stable, I wouldn't see much reason not to upgrade.
For n=1: The 10.9 GM has been smooth as butter, didn't break any of my mac apps or *nix tools. Obviously double-check on any tools which are mission-critical, but I recommend it in general, a noticeably pleasant upgrade to usability, battery and performance.
So where can I go to download an ISO?

I'd like to burn a bootable DVD, and load it up as a non-networked offline install. Is such a thing even possible?

There are a few tools that will do this for you, basically copying the hidden restore partition onto a USB stick. Bootable DVD though? Really?
As of Mountain Lion, the recovery partition doesn't contain the full OS. Just enough to bootstrap and download the whole thing from Apple. They also do not sell the update on physical media (thumb drives, DVDs, etc.) in store.

  > Bootable DVD though? Really?
In light of recent events involving the NSA and leaked documents, yes. A bootable DVD. Really.

For some heavy-duty discussion on the withertos and wherefores, take a quick gander at a recent thread, over here:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=6532642

Remember that part where GCHQ stormed the offices of The Guardian, and took an angle grinder to one of their laptops?

http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/aug/20/nsa-snowden-fil...

Still, why not just use a USB drive? DVDs are painfully slow compared to flash drives.
In light of the recent NSA revelations, I'd want to use Linux, not Mac, for an ephemeral offline OS.

Of course, Schneider uses Windows, so to each his own.

Offline means nothing in a world where NSA slides reference jumping airgaps with hardware backdoors.
How exactly will their hardware backdoor transmit its secrets back to the NSA? By sneaking out your apartment backdoor?
If you'd read any of the background on it rather than down voting me, you'd know!
And I definitely agree with you on that.

Just sayin'...

Lion DiskMaker has a beta for creating a Mavericks GM disk. It should be updated soon to support the release. You just download the installer from the App Store and run Lion DiskMaker.

http://liondiskmaker.com/

The installer itself can do this:

sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia –volume /Volumes/WHATEVER_DISK –applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app –nointeraction

I used:

    sudo "/Applications/Install OS X Mavericks.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia" --volume /Volumes/Mavericks/ --applicationpath "/Applications/Install OS X Mavericks.app"
Note the double hyphens before the keywords. The quotes just make it easier to read.
Good catch! I think it tried to format my double hyphens as a dash. Should've thrown it in a code tag.
Probably the same way as I've done with Mountain Lion, but with a dual-layer DVD instead: http://www.techrepublic.com/blog/apple-in-the-enterprise/how... (not that exact link, but the same basic thing is all over the internet) If you want to do this for an older OS version you've purchased, you can option-click on the Purchases tab-button-thing in the App Store, and it'll show everything. (totally undiscoverable, but at least it exists)

Works great, much faster installs than a disk.

You can't download an ISO, you'll need a working OSX install to download it from the App Store. From there I believe you can burn an install DVD and AFAIK you've always been able to do a non-networked install.

edit: Un-tested by me, but I've heard this is how you do it:

http://forums.macrumors.com/showpost.php?p=18081307&postcoun...

That is the method I used on an 8GB flash drive, worked great.
Download the installer from MAS, it's a .app within which you'll find a `createinstallmedia` binary. As its name indicates, that binary can be used to create a bootable install media. Not sure it can create a DVD, but it can create a bootable USB key.
Free as in free beer, not as in free speech.
Just give it up, and call it "liberated software" or something. Language is defined by usage, and no one outside the FOSS community thinks that's what "free" means. (And while we're at it, the media is never, ever going to adopt the word "cracker" either.)
free fre·er, fre·est, adverb, verb, freed, free·ing. adjective 1. enjoying personal rights or liberty, as a person who is not in slavery: a land of free people. 2. pertaining to or reserved for those who enjoy personal liberty: They were thankful to be living on free soil. 3. existing under, characterized by, or possessing civil and political liberties that are, as a rule, constitutionally guaranteed by representative government: the free nations of the world. 4. enjoying political autonomy, as a people or country not under foreign rule; independent. 5. exempt from external authority, interference, restriction, etc., as a person or one's will, thought, choice, action, etc.; independent; unrestricted.
lit·er·al·ly

1. in a literal manner or sense; exactly.

2. used for emphasis or to express strong feeling while not being literally true.

Words are literally defined by how they are actually used by humans over time. If I hold up a sign saying "Free Donuts", no one is going to think I mean that pastries should be liberated. To unnecessarily cling to the word "free" when it has a more obvious secondary meaning is to tilt at windmills; there is no shortage of synonyms.

If there is one argument it's impossible to win, it's an argument with people trying to impose their own "original" or "traditional" word usage over the more colloquial understanding of it's meaning.
If I say "A free bird", it's quite dubious if it is a free bird as in the beatles song, or if i'm giving away caged birds with no cost.

The two meanings are quite common in the english language, it's not a pedantic invention of the FOSS community to make this distinction.

It's not even free as in free beer, it's free as in a "all you can drink buffet", it's only free for those who already paid the entry ticket.
Wasn't there a McCain-Feingold rule which made free upgrades illegal that entangled Apple in the past?

Edit: Sarbanes-Oxley, not McCain-Feingold. I had forgotten.

I think you may be thinking of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act, which is what Apple cited for charging for some upgrades in the past (that and GAAP)[1]. If I remember correctly, things have changed on that level now, though I don't know if it's through legislation or through a reform of accounting practices

[1]http://appleinsider.com/article/?id=2419

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Not any more. The rules were changed / clarified a few years ago:

http://www.inc.com/guides/2010/11/how-to-comply-with-new-rev...

Apple mentions their adoption of the rules in this press release (scroll down to "Retrospective Adoption of Amended Accounting Standards"):

http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2010/01/25Apple-Reports-Firs...

That is how they've been able to give customers free iOS upgrades all this time without having to defer any revenue from the original sale of the hardware. They are apparently now applying the same practices to OS X software.

I guess this one is on the NSA. Thanks guys!
So can we now file a class action suit for all those times they told us it would be illegal to not charge a fee for upgrading?
No. FASB changed revenue recognition principles in 2010 to allow this type of update.
Wow, great response! I was wondering when someone was going to bring that up.
Real breakthrough would be for OS X to run on Windoze devices... If you're a distro hopping nixer there's nothing to see here... Move along.
Yeah if by breakthrough you mean shits the bed. The reason OSX works so well is because Apple has a limited set of hardware they have to support vs the wild west of hardware that windows has to support.
No, by "breakthrough" I mean support common x86 devices, which OS X does support to a limited degree.
OS X exists entirely to facilitate selling more Apple hardware. Apple has zero interest in giving anyone a reason to buy anything other than Apple computers (broadly defined from Mac Pro to iPod Shuffle).
Yes, Apple is a hardware manufacturer that happens to make it's own OS (something that Dell or Lenovo could do any day if they could get off the MSFT/INTC gravy train - by creating their own Linux distro).

Switching models to compete with the Windows model is a mistake they were lucky to make once and live to tell about. They will not make that mistake again.

If you're looking for competition against Microsoft, look to Google. Both of these companies aren't hardware companies at their heart, and both want manufacturers to bundle their OS.

I'd say that if Microsoft had an ally, it would be Apple today (only in the sense that Apple doesn't care for Microsoft's business).

Finally. There is almost no point if you are selling your OS for just $30, $40 dollars. I am going to wait a few months until I upgrade. Most of the software I use probably be better off with the current version.
Some would say that Mavericks was launched for free because Windows 8.1 did the same. Those same people might also say that Apple did one better by offering the update for computers running older than the most recent version of their software.
Offering it for older computers & versions indicates this was in the works long before MS released 8.1 out of urgency.
This has been coming a long time. The updates were already very cheap (20something Euros) compared to the old days (> 100 Euro if I remember correctly) and it fits in with the iOS strategy of having the latest version on every device.

OS X upgrade revenue is now such a minuscule piece of the pie that it probably doesn't matter anymore.

> the old days (> 100 Euro if I remember correctly)

Yes, 129 for single-user and 169 for family (5-user).

And these are not so old days, Leopard was 129 and that was in 2007. Snow Leopard and Lion were 30, and ML was 20 (in USD, IIRC $129 translated to 129€ but ML is "only" 18€)

It's just a bait and switch. Free OS X upgrade and yet charge 50% more for hardware than what's realistic/fair.
Apple's policy until System 7 was that you paid for the hardware and you should be able to expect software updates free for the life of the product. Nice to see them coming home, on this point anyway.
Apple still makes money selling the computers that are running free OS X Mavericks. Microsoft makes no money by giving away Windows 8.1 for free to consumers.
> Apple still makes money selling the computers that are running free OS X Mavericks.

Well you can install Mavericks on machines from 2007, that's money from quite a long time ago.

Money from quite a long time ago is worth more than no money at all.
When you need to finally replace that 2007 machine, Apple obviously wants you to buy another Mac. Screwing over people with perfectly good hardware wouldn't do a whole lot for customer goodwill.
Exactly. That's when people think, "Well, if I have to change OS anyhow..."
I change my OS every few weeks or so... Distro hopping.

Or "Nixploration."

OS is not necessarily tied to a single machine.

Seems like a lot of effort, that. What do you get for it?
It's not as much effort as it sounds. My home laptop has had Ubuntu, Mint, Mageia, Suse, Fedora, Arch, Windows 7, 8, OS X 10.7, 10.8, and just today, 10.9 on it in about a month (it's a mac).

I have an external hard drive with all my documents, projects, music, movies, etc. on it. What's absolutely essential is recopied to my hard drive each time. It's kind of addictive to dive into a new operating system and learn it every so often. That's why there's a term for it - distro hopping.

It's good for some things. It gets you very good at doing rote computer tasks because you do them over and over in slightly different environments each time - install homebrew, update ruby, install rvm, configure common programs, tweak preferences and small aspects of the OS, etc.

As a result, I can wipe my entire hard drive and bring it back up to my workflow speed in less than 3 hours on a linux distro I roll myself via Arch.

All that said, I like OS X, so I'll be sticking with Mavericks for a while now.

I'd be interested to see your thoughts on each distro, even if it's just a sentence or two. Switching quickly, while obviously making some types of perspective difficult to develop in such a short timeframe, probably makes it easier for you to notice some things most people wouldn't through more typical usage habits.
It very much is for the average home consumer. Normal users upgrade their version of windows when they buy a new computer, because the new version is what comes installed.
> Microsoft makes no money by giving away Windows 8.1 for free to consumers.

Of course they make money from it. That's very naive of you to think that they don't.

I'm sure with Bing they make at least $0.25 a year per user.
And with the number of users Bing has that's literally tens of dollars each and every year.
I think the bigger hit to Microsoft, or just as big, is the free and much improved iWorks. Now there are 2 office suites from 2 big companies being offered for free (Docs and iWorks), which are becoming increasingly more popular not just with consumers, but a lot of enterprise customers, too.

Microsoft should be terrified. Both of their cash cows are getting rapidly commoditized.

Wait and see if iWorks makes it into corporate environments. I'm not sure it will. Google Docs has a better chance.
I would think iWorks is targeting the same market ClarisWorks did from 1984 until the 90s. [1]

It's the same reason iOS is coming into corporate environments: people want to use it.

iWorks is never going to be a threat to Microsoft in corporate environments, really. But the fact that Apple's customers don't need Microsoft at all just as Microsoft is taking a big step into consumer devices is probably an issue.

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AppleWorks

I think it just pays Apple more in customer satisfaction to have everyone on the same boat. Simple economics. They make the money on the hardware after all. Same thing for free iLife and iWork, customers pay for the complete experience in the price of the device.
It also helps developers. It would be a reasonable position to take to only support the latest MacOS release and features. (People who don't want to upgrade their MacOS version for free are also less likely to want to try your software or upgrade to new versions of it.)
They went out of their way to point out that this is a "going forward" thing, too — system software on Apple devices is free. I assume Windows 9 isn't gonna be.
I wonder how this jibes with Apple's much-derided claims that stuff like XCode had to be $5 due to accounting regulations around free upgrades.

Windows 9 might be free for the same reason -- the new features are in apps and services, and the OS is a compatibility layer than needs to keep up.

For example, hypothetically: Office 2014 is expensive, Win 9 is free to provide access to Office 2014 Viewer or whatever.

The accounting regs were real, but FASB changed revenue recognition principles in 2010 to allow for free releases.
The reason they offer it for free is pretty simple to me. They have an app store which is making them more money than the Operating System itself. The more people who have access to the app store the more money they make, so why put a price barrier between the user and the store?

This is why Windows 8.1 is free and I will assume the next iterations of Windows will be. Windows now has an app store and they are banking on getting as many people into that ecosystem as possible. While they may lose money in the OS purchase, that isn't where the bulk of the money is made anymore.

It's all about money.

Microsoft has never charged for service packs. They are being a little more generous with 8.1, but I still lump it in with service packs.
The upgrade path for Windows 8.1 is pretty confusing - it differs depending on what edition you have.
The whole free OS which can only run upon hardware they have already sold you is reminding me of how IBM used to sell AIX and moved into giving it away free as it would only run upon hardware only they made and sold you.

Question is though, what about support. You have a 3 year old Mac of some flavour and upgrade to this OS, what about issues you may have.

ANother aspect would be that by in effect making this level of OS available to all supported models out there warranty wise, they make life in supporting systems a little bit easier and very likely will drop support for the other older OS's on these models quicker. Again making life in support easier in many ways as well as making developers lives a lot easier. Especialy if they can target toward the a single denominator OS wise and take advantage of all the features without working towards only features common to the previous flavours.

Either way a good move. Though can bet there will be somebody on the older flavour of OS who will have some essentual application that they must have which has issues. But time will tell.

Good move on many levels I'd say by Apple.

I think that it's most likely they want everyone on the latest OSX for the same reasons that it's good to have everyone on the latest iOS.

Whatever they're planning, getting everyone on board is obviously an important part of that.

I think the biggest thing over the last two keynotes is the iWork update - MS have been ridicuslously slow in the one area they could have won, which was bringing Office to iOS. I'm pretty sure this is the nail in the coffin.

"...the iWork update..."

This seems to be really powerful. I've been surprised, during the last two demos of iWork, at the lack of oohs and aahs in the audience when things like (last time) the web-based editing, and (this time) the collaboration on live documents were demo'ed.

They don't get oohs and aahs because exactly the same thing has been possible via google docs for several years. It's impressive, yes, but not groundbreaking.
It's not unique, but it's still under-appreciated. The potential of this dual threat (Google Docs, iWork) to Microsoft is substantial. Besides, it's cool technology.
The quality of document you can get from Pages vs. Google Docs is night and day. Google Docs is a barebones office suite with an awful UI and live sync. iWork is a semi-professional ('prosumer?') home/school/office suite which now has synchronization as well.
Very true. That's the reason I've personally stuck with Pages for document editing. The ability to collaborate easily is going to be really, really great.
Do you think MS is planning on bringing Office to iOS? I figure if they haven't by now, they wont at all.
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> The whole free OS which can only run upon hardware they have already sold you is reminding me of how IBM used to sell AIX and moved into giving it away free as it would only run upon hardware only they made and sold you.

On the other hand, once upon a time Apple made you pay for software which also run upon hardware only they made and sold you. Back before Snow Leopard, that was $129 per user (though installable on an unlimited number of machines)

Snow Leopard was the first cheap version because it had "No New Features". It was $29 for a DVD. Leopard was the last one to cost $129 in 2007.
IIRC it was not legal to install on multiple machines (perhaps it was legal for multiple personal machines?).
No, but there was no technological measure preventing you (serial number or phoning home) that would stop you as far as I can recall.

You can buy a single copy or a family pack for five computers.

http://www.amazon.com/Mac-10-4-Tiger-Family-Pack/dp/B0007LW1...

http://www.amazon.com/Apple-Mac-10-4-Tiger-VERSION/dp/B0002G...

Apple has taken measures to technologically limit your ability to do so. When I bought my most recent MacBook Pro it came with Lion. Because of network issues at work I could't use Lion (still can't), so I tried to put Snow Leopard in a VM (using the copy I had previously put on my now defunct MacBook Pro) but Apple and VMWare had put in technological blockers to prevent putting SL on a Lion VM or Lion on a SL VM. So, I repartitioned and copied my old MacBook over and am still living happily with SL.
Yea, you had to use the server version of Snow Leopard.
I'd forgotten that, but yes, I seem to remember reading that. Unfortunately I didn't have the server version and was already loosing money because of my down time, so I needed to get up and running with a known good system as soon as I could.
I suspect there were other factors which prevented your success.

There were no measures to technologically limit one's ability to perform multiple installations from a purchased OS X install disc. You could buy two different Tiger installers and they'd checksum the same, and there were no serial numbers to be entered. It was an honor thing.

There was a restriction on VMs, but they've since eased up on that. I imagine it was because of the Hackintosh thing.

I'm reasonably confident the OS didn't actively try to detect that it was running in a VM, but VMware Fusion (and presumably other such software) would prevent you from installing the OS.

There was a relatively simple work around (a hack) that allowed you to install in a VM. I think it was as simple as touching the right path.

At the point that I was trying to solve this problem (and not getting paid as a result) I was unable to find anyone who had successfully gotten SL to run in a VMWare VM or Lion to run in a SL VM. Interestingly, I did find individuals who had Lion running in Lion VMs, but that didn't help me get back up and running.

Edited to add: You are correct, the technical restriction was on the VMWare side, but IIRC it was because of legal threats from Apple. Apparently earlier versions of VMWare would run SL without any problems, but the VMWare version I had would not not and I couldn't get a copy of the older version.

A funny thing about the family pack is that for at least one version of OS X, the only differences between the family pack and the single user version were a sticker that said "Family pack" on the front, and the price. The contents of the box were identical.
Apple always trusted people to buy the Family Pack on the honor system. They never put enforcement or checks like license keys for this.

I greatly respected this trust and always bought the family pack for my Macs.

> it was legal for multiple personal machines?

Yes, the licenses were per-user, if you as a person owned and used 20 macs, you only needed a single license.

As I recall depending on what you paid you could install in on a different number of machines, but they didn't restrict you from installing it on more.
Not before System 7.1 released in 1992 though.
Even if your Mac is no longer supported or on Apple care you can always book an appointment with the genius bar to get questions answered regarding setting up email accounts or if something is malfunctioning.

Apple also sells one-on-one sessions if you are so inclined or need longer sessions than what the genius bar can help you with.

* if you live in a country where apple has such things (not New Zealand).
It was Frodo or Apple. Stop bitching :)
My (NZ) taxes paid for you to see Frodo. Bitching may continue!
Is is disrespectful that I just skimmed through the movie in a plane?
I wonder how "out of date" your Apple product can be and they will still help you with it? I think a trip to my local Apple Store with my trusty Apple ][+ is in order.
> Question is though, what about support. You have a 3 year old Mac of some flavour and upgrade to this OS, what about issues you may have.

If you have an Apple store nearby you can walk in and get help. There is a limit to what they will do, my anecdotal experience is that most people with software issues get them fixed in a few minutes without going to repair.

But if you don't you are SOL with a >3 year old product.

Here are the timelines for AppleCare: http://www.apple.com/support/products/mac.html

It's only "free" for Snow Leopard owners, which means not free at all, on the other hand this answers the support question.
It's free for anyone with supported hardware, by the commonly accepted definition of "free".
Stab in the dark, but, I guess it's because it requires the App Store to get it, which, AFAIK, first became available in 10.6.6, meaning, Snow Leopard is the farthest back you go.

If you get someone to DL it for you and burn it to disk/USB drive, you can probably also install it on Macs with older versions, since you'll just boot up in it..

So, it is free for everyone, but, only distributed easily to Snow Leopard and thereafter users.

>Question is though, what about support. You have a 3 year old Mac of some flavour and upgrade to this OS, what about issues you may have.

I have a Macbook Pro 5,1 and only about three weeks ago did I upgrade to Mountain Lion from Lion. I typically wait a couple of point releases to make sure all the beachballs are resolved.

I do need real multi-monitor support though...

That's been the case for the last few releases. When Lion came out, a lot of major apps dropped support for Snow Leopard within a year. I stuck around on SL for a while because I preferred (and still prefer) the way that it handled Spaces, but I eventually didn't feel like I could keep missing out on updates just for that.
Seriously. Mission control was a major productivity drop down from spaces.
Yep. I was pretty dumbfounded by how much less functional it was in Lion. I basically went from using Spaces constantly to probably not having used it in the past 2 years. I ended up completely replacing it with a bunch of keyboard and gesture shortcuts in BetterTouchTool.
I discovered http://totalspaces.binaryage.com recently. I haven't tried it yet because I didn't want to buy it when Mavericks was so close, but it certainly looks like it brings back the original Spaces functionally. And now it's compatible with Mavericks, so I'm gonna be grabbing the trial when I get it installed. Hopefully it'll help you get your original productivity back. (and mine as well)

(and here's hoping that the download doesn't take TOO long. almost 2 days estimated right now :( )

Wow, that actually looks pretty impressive. Might have to give it a go.
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> Question is though, what about support.

They sell you that too.

I have a late 2008 macbook pro (which happens to be the oldest supported version) and Mountain Lion worked flawlessly. I'll upgrade to Mavericks today and see what happens. I think it'll work without problems :)
Can anyone try running this in a virtualbox?

Can anyone point me to an ISO of this?

Of course.

The competition is already free and Apple has still a high security prison as far as the lock-in effect of its technology is concerned, so they're still safe.

Here is the App Store link to upgrade now...

https://itunes.apple.com/app/os-x-mavericks/id675248567?mt=1...

Installed it on a Mac Mini (3rd gen i7) and after the install it sat on a blank screen (with mouse cursor), but a forced restart and all was perfect and everything is operating brilliantly. Fantastic treat that it is free.
Kernel Caches that aren't cleared properly will do this, the display drivers changes significantly and they're stored in PRAM
That's definitely false. PRAM only contains firmware settings and boot parameters. It isn't big enough to contain drivers.

If the display driver is at fault, grandparent wouldn't even see a mouse cursor.

I don't know anything about 'properly cleaning the kernel caches', but it's clearly not a problem since grandparent was able to continue by rebooting.

PRAM stores a bootarg that boots off the current caches. There's an issue with DMProxy and the display drivers that causes the black screen + cursor issue described. Hardrebooting has the benefit of causing the magic in the EFI to supply a -f (ignore kernelcaches)
It should be worth noting that if you run Adobe's Creative Suite (version 6 and below), it has some compatibility problems for a number of users, including me[1] while running it on Mavericks. If your business depends on this software, I would advise you to wait for a few more months until these bugs are fixed. Overall, very excited!

[1]https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=6538803

It seems the key initiative here is to improve adoption rates which is a sound strategy. As a developer, it's always a pleasure to write apps that only have to support the latest and greatest.

It would be a pretty big feat if the adoption rates for Mavericks came anywhere close to the adoption rates for iOS7.

First i heard this i immidiately gone to apple.com/osx looked for iso download.

Yes i am naive like that.

We can download hundreds of fully functional iso for a myriad of unix-like systems... Why is it naive to expect Apple to follow suit?

Is it their software which is so costly, or is it the hardware upon which that software runs?

I love how it's free for the "first time ever"...

... except before... I think it was... System 7.5? All new OSes used to be free for Mac and Apple II.

10.1 was also free for 10.0 users, though mostly because 10.0 wasn't really finished (some would argue 10.1 was not either)
OS X is a seperate OS. Apple didn't say that this is the first time they had given away an OS. They said this is the first free OS X release. Which it is.
"Today we're going to revolutionize pricing. Today we announce a new era for the Mac. Today we announce that Mavericks is free."

This is a quote from the Verge's liveblog of an Apple guy. Note he said "Mac", which made me think of it.

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What about virtualization? Previously, one would only be allowed virtualize OS X if they purchased a copy (you can't virtualize the copy that came with the computer). Since it sounds like that's no longer an option, do I get virtualization for free now?
It's definitely a great incentive for users to update their hardware. If you could still use iOS3 on your iPhone 3GS, it would be reasonably fast and responsive but because the upgrade to iOS6 is free, you go for it only to discover that it is now unusable. Same logic goes now for Macs.
I think lack of app compatibility and broken websites would be a bigger incentive.
Check out whited00r if you Have an old 3GS that you want to make snappy.

As for OSX, this update (like many in the past) has several features which rejuvenate older hardware. It does the opposite of what you claim.