Ask HN: What do you use to organize your knowledge?

71 points by tomek_zemla ↗ HN
What are the tools, tricks, systems you use to record things you learn? Notebooks, text files, software or cloud apps? Do you have any custom, inventive ways to maintain your personal knowledge base?

80 comments

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Brain 1.0
I use it too, but it needs a constant supply of caffeine or it crashes.
Try the hidden feature, it's a defrag storage procedure called "sleep". You can start it up by putting the brain in a dark room, and make it count an array of the species Ovis aries.

Does wonders.

Unfortunately it takes, like, 8 hours (I'm not kidding) to do it.
I throw every random information in an Evernote notebook. For more complex stuff, like what are my priorities this month, I draw a mindmap using MindNode. Also, I've got in a habit of reviewing all my important notes and trim them every month.

Finally, I put all the interesting web articles in Pocket, because I search them later.

I tried to make flashcards in Anki for random stuff, but it didn't work out.

hi, you do know that every single word you submit to the evernote service becomes their intellectual property and can be used without your consent, do you?
That's simply not true. In fact, it's explicitly excluded in the TOS.
So what exactly this means? "... This means that by using the Service and uploading Content, you grant Evernote a license to display, perform and distribute your Content..."

Source: https://evernote.com/legal/tos.php

You ignored the important qualifier at the end of the sentence: ...to enable Evernote to operate the Service.

And the preceding clause: In order to enable Evernote to operate the Service, we must obtain from you certain license and other rights to the Content you submit so that our processing, maintenance, storage, technical reproduction, back-up and distribution and related handling of your Content doesn’t infringe applicable copyright and other laws.

You can't read half of a line of a TOS and assume it means something separate from the totality.

exactly right. Under US copyright law, Evernote could be deemed to violate your exclusive right (as copyright holder of your content) to make copies whenever they made a backup. So to avoid any opportunist litigation, you grant them a limited licence to copy your work. The same goes for your right to display/perform.
I spent a long time looking for my ideal knowledge organizer, and eventually settled on Notecase Pro (http://www.notecasepro.com/).

It's cross-platform, with a functional free version. I have no problem paying for good, useful software, especially (as in this case) when it's produced by a dedicated individual or small company.

Evernote is overrated...

I don't know if I agree that Evernote is overrated, but I personally don't like them for what they did to one of my favorite apps, penultimate (iOS notebook app). I specifically bought that app so I could have my notes always with me. Then Evernote buys the company and makes it so I can only access my notebooks if I am online, or if I pay for a pro version. So I buy something for a specific feature, and they take it away but offer to sell the feature back to me.

Shame, as I really liked penultimate.

simplenote + notational velocity
Simplenote for me too on all my devices.
Me too.. until recently, because there's no way to switch to a fixed width font. So I've moved to the built in mac Notes app. You can hack the resources files to set a plain background and better default font.

As soon as Simplenote allow font changes, I'm going back though for the Android cross platform support.

I have been using google keep for a bit and it seems to just work for me, but its just for simple notes really.
I dump stuff in one big TextEdit/Notepad file that sits on my desktop. It is really easy to arrange stuff in it, take notes for meetings, etc. TextEdit/Notepad loads really really fast. I can move stuff out of it easily (say contact information into my phone) and every once in a while I clean it up.

I've tried so many other things but a single text file sitting on my desktop just seems to work really well.

I wonder what will it look like after a year, when you work on mutiple project,multiple poeple.
I've recently (this year) taken to writing more blog posts[1]. It helps me make sure that what I'm writing will be readable by me X years from now and also could help other people. For more private thoughts or thoughts I haven't developed into posts yet I use text files and Dropbox or Evernote.

[1]: http://www.christopherbiscardi.com/

I have discovered, before the recent studies, that when I take paper notes during anything, I remember the meeting/lecture/whatever quite well.

So I use paper notes as a backup, but as someone else noted, good old fashioned Brain 1.0.

But when that isn't enough, paper files are good for formal stuff.

On the computer, well, it's kind of a disaster. Gmail has helped here. But there is no compelling note organization system. And I'm not sure you'd want one, I think we've learned is that 'findability' is the most important feature, and organization isnt the only way to achieve that.

I just use Google. Keep, Gmail, Calendar for most things. I have a few text documents for recording important information I keep in Google Drive as well. Emails and sometimes even pitches / speeches I keep in gmail as a draft. Used Evernote for a while, but it's just bloat, I don't need another app.

I often have a text file open on my computer that I write quick notes in. Most of my knowledge that isn't like a random reminder note lives in my head though, I'm pretty solid on my memory.

We use Trello for business, so I keep anything business related in there, so other people have access to it if need be.

I have written a few scripts to manage my abundant note taking.

In a specific directory, I arrange notes according to subject in directories, and the script parses them and spits out HTML files that displays them in a fashion I find useful. With MathJax, I can render LaTeX. It also spits out an index files so I can see at a glance my subjects and notes on those subjects.

I've been giving some thought to doing something more involved, so I can get full text search capabilities from the index page. It's something I play around with every so often as the inspiration hits me. I will not be surprised if this posts leads me back to playing with it for a bit, although I am busy for the upcoming week already.

You can trivially get something similar with something like vimwiki [0]. The only reason I went further was that I wanted greater levels of customization.

[0] https://code.google.com/p/vimwiki/

Edit: The full text search from the index is just a nicety given the way I like having the notes displayed. I can already grep from the command line, of course. I have other ideas about nice-to-have dynamic behaviour, but a lot of the stuff falls into the lower percentages of the 20% of the 80-20 split.

In The Pragmatic Programmer, one of the tips advocates keeping knowledge in plain text:

> Keep Knowledge in Plain Text

> Plain text won’t become obsolete. It helps leverage your work and simplifies debugging and testing.

The full text expands on the benefits, such as searchability and other stuff I can't recall at the moment.

I try to stay as close to possible to plain text as I can. Even Markdown is a bit heavy for the task, although I have given some thought to adopting it and avoiding needing any custom parsing.

Lastly, I wasn't clear why I output to HTML. I put them up on a server so that I can access them remotely. I can also upload notes, or input a quick note to a textarea and submit it. It's device-agnostic; I just need a browser. I haven't bothered to implement making currently existing notes editable.

I've been trying to take note in plain text. One issue that I have is math note, I ended up having to use markdown + pseudo latex for the note + math symbol, and output to HTML. I'm definitely not happy with the current setup. Is there any good solution for math symbols in general?
Prepare yourself... [1]

I have quite a system, but it works. I'm a student, and I utilize Evernote, Google Keep, Microsoft OneNote, Pocket, 8x11 ringed notebooks, and a small field book.

Evernote is for items I may need to a long time: recipes, guides from the internet, personal notes, etc. I'm finding I don't use it much, actually. :-/

Google Keep is incredible for to-do lists, quick notes, this sort of thing.

OneNote is my primary note-taking program, for meetings, for class, anything. I just bullet everything and go at it.

Pocket for saving articles. It has an incredible search function.

8x11 ringed notebooks for times where a laptop is inappropriate, or when I need to physically draw something.

The field notebook was a gift. I use it to host my big ideas and inspirations.

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=okIAAeb2WVA

Emacs org mode and Dropbox. I also keep a notebook for sketchnotes and mindmaps.
Yep same here. org-mode FTW! You can use it as a personal wiki only able to keep all your data in plain text: no web server or database required. I still use filesystem as my primary organization so I only use hyperlinks occasionally. I put the whole load in dropbox so I can access any of it from my phone.
> org-mode FTW! You can use it as a personal wiki

Yeah, I use Org mode for my personal wiki. I previously had notes in hundreds of files of various formats, and I eventually moved all of my notes to an Org mode wiki. Also, my wiki has replaced my collection of thousands of bookmarks. I couldn't imagine living without my wiki at this point. It's such an important part of my workflow.

Years ago when I decided to switch to a personal wiki, Org mode met my requirements far better than the dozens of other wiki solutions that I evaluated. I'd be interested to know if there are any new wiki or note-taking solutions that have as many features[1] as Org mode.

[1] http://orgmode.org/manual/

Out of interest how does your wiki integrate with your workflow? Or, in other words, what do you use it for?
After playing with various (note-taking) applications/apps I found all of them severely lacking (for several reasons). I was always for the lookout of the one-size-fits-all application, which I obviously never found.

Realizing that there is no such system/app I split things out:

* Important Stuff as well as trivia -> CalDav... believe it or not, but CalDav beats most other systems/apps out there, it's accessible on almost any device and you usually have a wide variety of applications to edit your "calendar events", use different calendars for important vs trivia

* Stuff you read on the internet -> obviously (synced) bookmarks (firefox, chrome, opera and others have builtin sync)

* Ideas, plans, drawings -> A5 pen and paper notebook (most people will advocate moleskine, I prefer Leuchtturm notebooks (to each his/her own)

* Research, papers, references -> good old text files, index + txt + pdf + bib (vim + vimwiki + git + some zsh alias like wiki="cd ~/wiki/; git pull; vi index.wiki; git commit -a; git push; cd -")

So far, this works quite well, although I have to admit that while separation is king, it also hinders creativity at times, so I'm slowly starting to integrate other things into the wiki (write firefox bookmark and caldav importer/parser, thinking about scanning/digitizing notebooks...) to be able to cross-reference things. The long term goal is to create a visualization that allows me to visualize (duuuh) all this data in different ways (especially useful for research and connecting the dots).

Hope this helps and I would really be interested how others manage this, especially regarding research, papers etc (Mendeley and others just aren't flexible enough for me...).

Yip, I tried out vimwiki a while back and have stuck with it. Pretty simple to setup and yes, a git commit generates the html files and rsync's them up to the internet. Pretty bombproof.
After years of writing everything in casebound A4 notebooks, I am currently experimenting with B5 size (in between A4 and A5). It's a bonny little size, still plenty of space on the page and fits on shelves better.
I use Gitit [1] as my personal wiki for notetaking. I've been pretty happy with it so far, as it uses the excellent Pandoc as the backend. I have not heard of Vimwiki until now - can you tell me your favourite features?

[1] http://gitit.net/

Favourite features:

* plain text edited in vim ;-)

* links (to other wiki pages and content), move cursor over link and <Enter> will open wiki page, link in browser, image in image viewer, pdf in ... all from your console

* manages todo lists (including status indicator auto update for sublists: [.]->[o]->[O]->[X])

* headers (mostly useful when exporting to html)

* table creation and management

Overall a very lightweight and tightly integrated vim plugin, but gitit looks quite interesting, might give it a try.

Github repository, I wrote a simple app to pull in a repo and I can view, edit and delete and also create new files. All the files are markdown so I can export to PDF or HTML if I need them outside the app.
Evernote

Github wiki

Emacs (naturally), with org-mode[1]. ssh replication along with the mobile org-mode app on Android [2] meets all my needs.

[1] http://orgmode.org

[2] https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.matburt.mo... (there are others... /search?q=orgmode&c=apps for more)

How do you use MobileOrg? I've tried several times. It's hard to tell what works (capture widget?), how to use the parts that do work, and how to use it effectively. I paid for the 'donate' app with no real intent of using it further -- just a "thanks for trying" donation.
Hmm, I haven't had much issue with it, although the functionality is pretty bare bones, I don't use the capture widget thingy... no need to. I can create and transition (todo) items in my existing .org files, use the agenda, and that's about as complicated as I want to get on my phone.

For anything more, I use my laptop where I can take advantage of all the proper org-mode functionality.

It might come down to how you use org-mode, as well. I create a .org file for each client/project. If I'm using org-mode to write a document (beats markdown IMO), I'll create a separate file and store it in the client/project registry (my own mgt system, outside of org-mode scope but implemented with org-mode knowledge).

Having lots of relatively sparse but easily identifiable (and discoverable) .org files makes mobileorg quite usable, for me.

ps: I see you commented on org-mode elsewhere in this topic. I also make heavy use of a notepad (unlined paper please - you're not the boss of me!), but prefer pencil to pen. I have about 6 or so high quality pencils I keep on high rotation, nice and sharp courtesy of a burr sharpener.

I have used evernote for a long time.But Onenote is my new fav after they release a free desktop app.
http://www.mymundus.com

I am the cofounder of MyMundus, so my opinion is quite biased. We started MyMundus because conventional note taking apps such as bookmark services did not suffice, especially when you forgot to create a bookmark.

Paper notebook.
Notational Velocity, Dropbox, and Workflowy

There's a lot of synergy between the three.

Plain text files in a synced directory (I use sparkleshare, but any dropbox-like system will do the trick).

I tried many, cloud apps, desktop apps, wikis. But in the end, I was never comfortable with putting all my thoughts in documents in a weird format (at best) or in the cloud (at worst). And most apps didn't offer any huge advantage to compensate for that.

I have backups of my notes folder. I can grep through it when I'm looking for something. I can edit it from any computer. And I know it will still be readable in 10 years.

I use the same approach and for the same reasons. Though, now I've started to experiment with markdown.
Did you have a look at org-mode?
I can attest to this, having gone through pretty much the same cycle of apps and wikis. Finally settled on plain text files with cloud sync. Except I use a bit of YAML to give the material some structure.

But I use this to write down things I would consider more 'information' than 'knowledge'. If it's a new cloud app I found on HN that I might need later, I write it down. If I learned something new (for example, I recently learned about phage therapy as an alternative to antibiotics), I resist the temptation and try to integrate it into my existing body of knowledge. In my opinion, if you have a 'fact' that needs to be memorized, then it is either a bit of arbitrary information or it is not yet tethered to the rest of your knowledge and is therefore banging around in your head. I usually find a link to nail it down. I wouldn't exactly call it a 'memory palace' but it's sort of like that.

This is the exact same thing I do. In fact I wrote a little shell script (https://github.com/rmcastil/dotfiles/blob/master/bin/gtd) that I use once a day to get everything organized. It opens up all the files in vim so that I can quickly organize what I'll handle for the given day. When I'm in my shell and think of another task I run another script (https://github.com/rmcastil/dotfiles/blob/master/bin/inbox) that quickly appends it to my todo list. I try to loosely follow the GTD methodology.
People ask me where many of the references come from for my Hacker News comments, and besides the links I look up on the spot, most come from a text file I keep open all day in my text editor. For other writing projects, I have a lot of other text files. Now that text files recognize Unicode, I am very happy with a simple approach to storing information.