Shifts in Algorithm Design (rjlipton.wordpress.com)

yes.

The title, post is sensationalistic. I don't notice a change in design of algorithms. And why would there be any?

I think he meant algorithms with certain guarantee to be "not wrong". Say, "right with high probability" or "within a constant factor from the optimal" etc. Many heuristic does not have any guarantee(unless someone proves it).

No. A heuristic is a rough guess, without any guarantees how close you get to the right answer, or what the odds are that the answer to an arbitrary input is correct. Heuristics are useful to guide a search in the right direction, but by themselves they don't solve a problem like an algorithm does.