Ask HN: Why has HackerNews succeeded despite the rise of Reddit?

59 points by ErikVandeWater ↗ HN
It is unusual that HackerNews is still a powerful, vibrant community despite Reddit's rise:

- Every subject you can find on HackerNews is also found on Reddit: programming, entrepreneurship, academic news, etc.

- HN celebrities don't participate that often, so I don't think that is the difference

- Reddit has more features (esp. when combined with RES)

How do you explain the success of HN despite the rise of reddit, and does this mean other reddit-style communities might succeed despite their similarity to Reddit?

78 comments

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Reddit is too diverse and commenting level is pretty low, especially in the most popular subreddits. Here the number of kittens and memes is just about right. I'd like to see a reddit "defluffer" that blocks all unsubstantial posts (10 second rule, if it takes less than 10 seconds to consume, reject it) and comments (by reading level?).
What do you mean by "too diverse"? Is filtering by subreddit not sufficient to find the right niche?

I wonder because it seems someone could emulate HN simply by unsubscribing from the defaults and subscribing to HN-related subreddits (programming, startups, etc.).

Hacker news is concise bc its just one page unlike Reddit which requires users to find the best subreddits which people don't have time for
What do you mean by "too diverse"?

He probably means that the "Lowest Common Denominator" level is too low. Probably not that, even, after a more careful analysis. More like the average is pulled too low, because the "Level" is weighted by volume, and the loudest voices are often the stupidest.

I guess for me it just feels like Reddit requires more effort than HN. I have an account on Reddit but I really am in read-only mode because it looks like I would have a lot of friction to any action.
Left Digg some years ago for Reddit. Left Reddit couple years ago for HN. The hive mind echo chamber drove me away from each.
To be fair, there are echo chamber moments on HN too. It's just I think we are much more self-aware here.
HN is narrowly focused. Narrow focus leads to higher quality. Higher quality keeps people around.
See also the "How do you use HN?" thread

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12418891

My main reason why I like HN over Reddit is not what HN has, but what it not has: inlined GIFs, avatar images, signature lines, etc. Focus on content > all for me.

Reddit has great content, but it never clicked for me like HN did (maybe because I can remember Usenet and still like mailing lists). But things can change, e.g. if HN gets user hostile with ads or "features"...

>avatar images

Wait what? Reddit doesn't have avatar images

Lots of subreddits have a per-subreddit avatar extension of some sort.
Ok, sorry, I admit, I haven't checked. Just tried to summarising the whole "social signalling" features other sites have. They work and they are good, but they also are repetitive. Some people can live without this "noise" and prefer bare bones sites like HN.

I'd even argue that you can write more freely if you are not tied to your avatar, signature lines, etc. -> your arguments stand on their own.

HN has a critical mass of readers. There is something to knowing that you are reading the same stuff as the Big Boys - a watercooler effect. Even if there is interesting stuff on Reddit, it's not the stuff industry leaders are reading and thinking...or at least that's the perception become reality.
HN is to Reddit as Time magazine is to People. They're the same format (and often the same links), but the comments here are generally more knowledgeable and reasoned, free from memes and sophomoric tit-for-tat arguments.

The comments are the content.

I think that's a good analogy. I don't read either magazine, so I can't comment specifically, but I get your gist, and I agree. Comments make this community better.
Same reason why AirBnB is successful even though there's Craigslist.
A sane way to navigate the contents?
Subreddits that are interesting in some way have a tendency of growing and thereby losing quality. I suppose that the fact that HN is a different site with barriers to access (slight) would limit new users to those who are really interested in the community. Add to that the strict moderation of topics (mainly by user voting) and you get a 'subreddit' that loses quality slower.
I come to Hacker News for the comments. Reddit comments sections usually are filled with jokes and chit-chat rather than further information on the subject. In addition, Hacker News has a better moderating system I feel, in that dang and possibly others are always reading comments and detatching off-topic threads and banning disruptive users.

That doesn't mean Hacker News is perfect, but it's the best I've found so far.

I very much agree with this. I quite often check the comments before the story on HN. On reddit (programming), the comments are rarely as good as on HN. Also, the turnover of stories on Reddit is much slower.
For the time being, the standard for discussion on HN just tends to be better. Not "civil" or inoffensive, but more in that discussion seems to be the focus. The idea of "on topic" or at least "good" discussion seems well understood by commenters, and most of the time it seems like people are okay with either posting specifically to the topic or thread at hand, or they're happy just not commenting and simply voting.

The very idea that people collect here to talk about a topic at hand means that it's keeps the conversation a bit higher than elsewhere. I don't think I've ever seen people here push their number of upvotes as something that mattered. There is a lot of buy-in from users to ignore joke comments, even if they're on-topic jokes. How the community became like this I can't say since I have only been here about half a year/year I think, but it's a refreshing change of pace when you just want to discuss something.

I agree, the Karma and voting here are harsh. It's really hard to get upvotes, especially on sensitive topics.
For reference, my grandparent post's karma comprises almost 8% of the total karma on my 1200 day old account.
> It's really hard to get upvotes, especially on sensitive topics.

It's kinda crazy what people here are "sensitive" about! For example, today I have managed to offend Hacker News by questioning the universality of maths. It's a subject on which I am rather qualified to have an opinion, but since it does not match others' I got downvoted. That's just a recipe for homogeneity.

This is honestly my biggest issue with HN as well. The community has a tendency to downvote well-reasoned, substantive posts simply to express disagreement. I think this is poisonous behavior that will eventually turn HN into yet another echo chamber if left unchecked.

I think downvotes should be removed entirely. Either flag a post for being off-topic, inappropriate or adding nothing of substance to the discussion, or reply with a counter argument to express disagreement to well-written posts that deserve it. The ability to silence opinions different to your own with minimal effort can only hurt the quality of discussion here, in my opinion.

Slashdots different types of karma were great: Insightful, Informative, Interesting, Funny... you could add Agree, Disagree and a few others.
On Reddit, one reads comments more so for their entertainment value, rather than actual substance or relevance to the topic posted by the OP. Of course, this is not always true and tend to vary by sub-reddit.
It used to be slashdot, filled with geeky insightful comments. Then DIGG was pretty good, then reddit was great, now HN. Each time one gets popular the comment section is reduced to crap.

I think because HN is focused on non-popular topics it may avoid the masses of idiots.

Slashdot had a grassroots tradition of horrible reference humor and trolling. I have to assume the consequences of that tradition were in mind when creating the HN culture.
If I have ten minutes in an Uber or something to waste time, I almost always default to Reddit. I can give quick skims to an article and save it if it is something I would like to come back to later. But it's generally a low-attention, something-to-do-to-pass-the-time community for me. I hardly ever come to HN unless I know I am willing to work my mind a little bit. I have faith the posts and comments that I see will be generally well written, but I also acknowledge that if I want to get anything out of it, I can't breeze through it as easily as I can Reddit.

Note: I am not an active contributor to either community - just someone who reads the articles and comments and votes up the things I like.

Counterpoint: I visit HN while waiting at Starbucks. I usually only manage to pick one article or read one comment on a thread. My personal anticipation is that visiting Reddit under the same circumstances would be a waste of precious battery chemistry. I do visit Reddit from home using non-stored electricity, and I enjoy "yo mama joke" threads a great deal.
This is my off the cuff opinion, I won't really try to substantiate it or anything.

Hacker News has a moderation policy and mod team that gives the discussion some very desirable characteristics:

- a sort of professional level of conversation is maintained. Roughly equivalent to a casual conversation with a co-worker, over lunch, is sort of the overall tone.

- general rejection of memes and shitposting as being against the purpose of the site -- the point is real discussion an exchange of information, not low effort karma generation

- Paul Graham's essay about different levels of disagreement: generally people attempt to discuss the core ideas of the posts and not just hammer away to trivilaties

Most of the programming related subreddits don't have anything like the overall tone, cohesiveness, or moderator activity/discipline of Hacker News. There are some subreddits that I would say are as good as Hacker News for discussions about their chosen topic, for example, http://reddit.com/r/spacex . But the overall programming subreddits are not equal to this.

Great job, this hits on all the reasons I would state.
Absolutely right on with your points #1 and #2. I remember I lost half my karma with the first childish comment I made on HN. Now I only comment if I feel strongly and can speak intelligently on a subject, or have a question. It is a natural curation process.
As far as the moderation goes it is both pretty well moderated and the moderation staff unlike Reddit isn't involved in the "politics" of a specific subreddit.

Reddit moderation tends to boil down to camps and high school politics pretty darn quickly where it's more common than not for moderators to push their own agendas.

This is overall a pretty broken moderation model which only really works on private forums.

You need to have a "professional" (joblike) moderation where the moderator enforce rules rather than opinions and philosophies.

On the other side of the spectrum you can have a "detached" core-rules only extreme violations level of moderation which what makes places like 4/8Chan work even tho it seems that they aren't moderated at all.

The only subreddits in my experience that approach this "professional," disinterested standard of moderation are /r/askscience and /r/askhistorians. I know AH has a huge team devoted to enforcing their rules, and it's off-putting to newcomers from other subs but absolutely makes AH what it is. AS takes more of an unapologetic scorched earth approach to keeping focus on relevant discussion.
Add to that is the sort of audiences reddit and HN attracts are very different. You have some users who enjoy both HN and reddit. I think the core users of reddit will not find HN appealing and the core users of HN can't stand reddit.
Hacker News has better moderation and content grooming than the big subreddits (r/programming and the like). The smaller topic-specific subreddits tend to be better, but you'd have to subscribe to a lot of them to match the variety of subjects that are covered on HN, and there's frequently more depth than I want on a regular basis. I like to see discussion of interesting new Rust features, for instance, but I don't necessarily want to read about it every day.

In short: HN is a more controlled, limited experience, which is preferable for me because I neither need nor want to spend the time necessary to craft my own out of the raw materials of Reddit.

Reddit is like a huge shopping mall, lots of shops for all kinds of interests in one place. In such a mall, it doesn't matter if you only ever shop at that one store you like, you will always encounter the quirks of other shoppers at the same mall.

HN is like an upscale department store hidden in a well manicured industrial park. Most visitors, I imagine, are there to enhance their self actualization, not just follow the latest fads in fashion and things to do on a Saturday.

When I first stumbled across HN years ago I was intrigued how vibrant this little-known community was. I noticed that the quality of posts here was much higher than any other tech forum I had seen. People were much more serious when it suited the topic and humor had real effort behind it when humor was called for.

And when I first noticed a silly Reddit-style meme, the Meme Active Defense (MAD) system kicked in and the poster got down-voted to oblivion, told to return to Reddit and that was that.

I was going to say something similar but this is a really good analogy.

One thing I might say differently however is that most people on Reddit don't come to the mall to go to their favorite shops, they come to the mall to come to the mall -- the fact that their favorite shops are there comes secondary. You can try to have a lot of specialized communities with high-quality content and thoughtful discussion, but to a lot of users these places are just sideshows in a site that they go to primarily for entertainment.

Very little functional cruft. No visual clutter so it's much easier to consume and less distracting. Mature discourse, which is particularly striking when people don't agree. Quite a wide range of articles in one quick-to-load/render page - a single HTTPS request. No third-party assets, tracking or adverts. It's like a paradise in a sea of effluent.
HN has a targeted audience, infinitely more professional, capable of intellectual discussion, it is not filled with trolls and insults or other unrelated nonsensical banter, there is far less clickbait and trash online marketing spam, etc.

Reddit is basically generic internet comments but with a mob mentality, full of trolls and garbage links, the whole thing is reminiscent of a filthy public toilet that you wouldn't want to use. The early days weren't like that and maybe there are subreddits that are still not like that, but I find the whole experience distasteful.

Of particular note on the "more professional" front -- many HN members are here because they're connected to a YC company in some way, and many others are here because they work in the industry and want to build connections with others also in the industry (but not linkedin-style connections; actual we-have-discussed-technical-topics connections). There are people here who have found work through the monthly Who's Hiring threads.

The net result is that there's a strong professional ethos and strong incentive to maintain it from a lot of people in the community, such that the few who try to troll, post garbage, etc. tend to get voted down into oblivion and calmly told they don't belong.

HN targets a different demographic with stricter moderation.
In addition to everything else mentioned here, I'll add that moderation is a lot more tight and well done than most subreddits. The HN community set up an expectation early on that comments get voted down if they are of a style that encourages more noise and less substance. Sarcasm, humor, references, memes, even "nice post!" comments get voted down.

This is because those type of comments are extremely easy to make and very easy to grok and vote up. Their easiness leads them to swamp out high-effort, high-content posts. The more they are tolerated, the more they are seen. This feedback loop eventually leads to a Digg-like sea of recycled garbage. HN has been inevitably slipping... But, the sea has been held back much longer than I expected already.

Subreddits are essentially a hack to account for the well-understood fact that as a discussion-oriented community grows, it trends towards the lowest common denominator, and the interesting people either leave or are drowned out by self-referential memes and other detritus left by people with nothing of real value to add. This phenomenon has been well understood for decades since we started seeing the mass influx of people into message boards (see The Eternal September).

Social networks (Facebook, Twitter, etc) achieved real scale by forcing people to connect with one another in order to create de-facto smaller communities, which has the effect of giving focus to your stream, but it dilutes the ability to have a topical discussion with the best set of participants (unless they happen to know each other already).

I believe HN succeeded because all this history was well understood by pg when he created it, and he had the following to seed it with the right group of people to maintain the culture that he wanted. It's actually no small feat because once you birth an internet community it takes on its own life and you can't really control it directly. I'm surprised and delighted that HN can exist in 2016; over the years I've spent on Usenet, Slashdot, Digg, Twitter and Reddit, the internet has only gotten more bombastic and shrill, but HN maintains a bar that is as good as anything I remember stretching back to the 80s.

The focus and YC connection.
Traffic wise HN is tiny compared to HN. When I first joined Reddit, it was for /r/programming and /r/science

The quality there has since gone bad. But other subreddits have flourished. HN on the other hand is dedicated to nerdy/geeky/all tech stuff.

HN is an interesting mix, vs subreddits having a focus area.

partly because of this, larger reddit communities tend to be even more repetitive than HN.

Different content guidelines and moderation policies.

The last two points mean that most reddit communities have way worse signal-noise-ratio for me, which makes reading them tedious. The first means you have to deal with stuff you probably don't care about on HN, but I generally can just ignore those threads completely (basically anything involving politics. It's tempting to take part in the brawling, but it's better for me to just ignore them.)

For small niche-topics, subreddits can work, but I prefer traditional forums even more. The news format and the focus on external links just doesn't allow for proper long-term discussions, which are often the most valuable in small communities. 150-page phpbb threads for a long-evolving topic are unwieldly, but still better than sifting through hundreds or thousands of submissions on reddit or HN, each of which rehashes the same basics over and over.

As others have said - many of the comments on Reddit are very low level and meaningless.

HN is more curated and is less of a content churning machine than Reddit.

Moderation and rules. Things like mods deleting comments, changing titles of posts to be less clickbait, and I think even changing links sometimes to more substantive coverage of the same story determine what is acceptable here. Voting is semi-restricted too. You can't downvote when you start out.