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China invests in Africa. This is both an economic (coltan, and trade) decision, and a political (influence, votes in the UN) decision.

Now, it looks like it might be a shrewd environmental decision, if you are a province in China with a huge pollution problem from plastics recycling. Voila! export the problem to Africa. .. (not saying this is good in any sense, but it would make sense as an operating model: its what we did to them, so they do it to the next emerging colonial empire)

Why the fxxk you drew conclusion like this? It has nothing to do with Chinese domestic wastes. It is about wastes used to ship to China. There are many other countries has been the dump field for west for so many years. India for example. Yes, Africa. If China has been processing imported wastes for a very long time, they should be able to process domestic wastes for some time. I am Chinese, and I get very annoyed that for any title with 'China' in it, you just draw negative conclusion from it which has nothing to do with the article.
I think you're overreacting to a point that the other guy wasn't making.
> I am Chinese, and I get very annoyed that for any title with 'China' in it, you just draw negative conclusion from it which has nothing to do with the article.

In general, I've found that Western media outlets are gratuitously negative to certain countries - especially if they were under colonial control at some point.

Colonialism never really died, they just rebranded it as "globalism".

I'm not sure I understand why you think this is anti Chinese? All China is doing is recapitulating colonialism. I expect there are good social and economic reasons to stop polluting Chinese provinces with imported wastes, but Chinese businesses will want to retain profit and trade.

Therefore relocating recycling businesses overseas makes sense. China has now deep roots in Africa primarily aimed at extraction of raw materials but also for sale of goods and services (Huawei for instance supply African mobile operators with turnkey solutions) so inviting African economies with low barriers to pollution and lax labour laws to bid for contracts to reprocess waste is surely normal?

Isn't that why the UK and Europe export the waste to China?

Britain used to make ships. Then ship making moved to Portugal and then Poland, and then Korea. Trade moves to low labour cost economies. As China tightens pollution and labour law the cost of processing waste will rise until it's more economic to do it somewhere else. I just expect Chinese business to defiantly retain a role in that.

The votes in the UN yes, that was perhaps unfortunately said. I apologize. If I said China was merely redressing systemically acquired imbalances by investing in Africa and the Pacific islands,and the quid pro quo was mutuality, would that be better?

I love China. I visit it frequently, lots of Chinese companies invest in Australia, our economic future is closely tied. I am tired of dissembling in this space. What China is doing is not immoral: it's amoral, no different to what the west did, does.

The article is not about China exporting waste to Africa. It is about how the Western world might get refused to export their waste to China. Meaning how China is leaving its position of subordinate.

Yet, each time there is an article about China, people here feels the need to point out what China is doing wrong and how China is going to dominate. Also there is a lot articles from the nytimes published here who feels more like warning people that China is going to dominate "us".

This is a long-time classic pattern actually : https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_Peril I am french and white here. When I was young I read, as plenty of my friends, these kind of book : https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Blue_Lotus or Lucky Luke with its really cliche depictions of Chinese. It was normal but for sure it shows some racist patterns towards chinese people and people perceived as chinese here in France. Actually the consequences are obvious : https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/mar/28/police-and-pro...

I think it doesn't free China of criticism and what is happening in Africa is wrong. But coming from westerners like me.. I mean a french criticizing China taking over Africa feels more like a dog fighting other dogs to keep his bone. After you are free to act like if US or other imperialist power/western countries are so different but I am very skeptical when I see reactions here. People from our imperialist countries act like if they wanted to keep Africa for their own economic development, otherwise they would massively protest against our militaries and our companies ruling over Africa.

let me guess, you have a chinese girlfriend/wife? funny how you start to notice that the entire west is vehemently and overwhelmingly anti-chinese when your children will be considered chinese, isn't it?

have you ever seen a single movie or tv show, ever, in your life, where a chinese (or any kind of asian) person was portrayed positively?

> what will happen to the world’s recycling?

It will move to another country whose leaders value money over the environment. China now has enough money and clout to say no.

There are plenty of places that don't.

Reposted from a few days ago... incredibly relevant to this post.

I urge you to stop believing in recycling.

Here's some things to think about:

The "packaging" industry, is in fact a nice way of saying the "garbage manufacturing" industry.

At least in Australia, the "recycling industry" is owned by the "packaging industry". Hmmm.. why is that? It put it to you that the garbage manufacturing industry has in fact worked out how to "own" the environmental movement by pushing "recycling" as the "balance" to the spewing forth of garbage from the packaging industry. The packaging industry must be laughing so hard at how easily it has owned the environmental movement. Have you ever wondered if all that packaging you put in your recycle bin gets recycled? It's a question worth thinking about.

I have come to believe that recycling, which environmentalists embrace deeply as a core value, is in fact just a smokescreen that allows everyone to feel OK about the garbage manufacturing industry creating an unending quantity of plastics that have made their way into every nook and cranny of our ecosystem.

Please, stop believing in recycling.... if you recycle, then you do not question the unbelievable, and unrecyclable, quantity of plastic packaging that you consume. One you stop believing in recycling, you start to ask the question, "why the heck do we permit the packaging industry to create this unstoppable flow of garbage" Seems to me that world MUST eventually move to a solution which is a set of standardised containers for all products, which are durable, washable, have a refund value attached, and may have paper corporate brand stuck on them after being washed.

Another strategy worth bringing forward is the idea of "garbage brands"..... showing off all those precious brands but in their true context... as garbage in our creeks, rivers and oceans, drains and footpaths. Once brands start to become associated with garbage, they might rethinkg whether they want their names and logos on the digusting mess destroying our environment.

Please, stop believing in recycling and the smokescreen will clear and you will start to ask questions about the packaging industry and our community/commercial system that supports it. Asbestos, tobacco, sugary foods, packaging - all industries that have fooled us into believing things that are wrong but served their own ends. The packaging industry has fooled us into thinking that it is OK because recycling exists.

> which environmentalists embrace deeply as a core value

Environmentalists say "reduce, re-use, recycle" - recycling is the last, worst, option in this phrase. Reducing the stuff you buy being the first, best, option.

I'd be more interested in your response to my fundamental premise that the unending, infinite flow of packaging needs to stop.

Everybody doing "some reducing" isn't going to stop an entire industry dedicated solely to creating garbage.

All the graphics designers who design it, all the printers who print it, all the plastic manufacturers who make it, all the software developers who write software to support all these industries, and the brands who buy the garbage/packaging to put their products in. They're all filling every nook and cranny of this earth with garbage.

It's not about "using less". It's about a war that we need to have with every element of the packaging/garbage creation/recycling industry.

And it has to be a war, because the packaging/garbage creation industry isn't going to go without a fight. WE pay them to create garbage by buying products that are delivered in garbage.

We have to hold the brands to account who ship their products wrapped in garbage headed for the ocean.

But all those garbage creation jobs must go. All that garbage creation money must go.

And the smoke screen that we all use to feel OK about packaging... the smoke screen/lie that we call "recycling", it has to go too, because that's what it legitimizing the packaging industries ruin of our earth.

I agree, recycling is a veil of respectability over a sham situation.
You have a lot of allegations. Do you have any data/sources? You sound a bit... passionate? I honestly don't think you're making stuff up, but just expecting people to join your ranks in a "war" without evidence is wishful thinking in my opinion. I hope that doesn't sound harsh, because what you are saying is confirming my suspicions so I'm actually trying to help your case.
All I want it for people to see that recycling is what prevents us from holding the packaging industry to account.

Once you stop believing in recycling, you start questioning why we accept the infinite flow of garbage that this industry creates.

It is not that simple. All that packaging reduces the amount of stuff that gets thrown out because it goes bad. That alone is worth more than the packaging, but it requires the packaging to either be recycled or burned.

I'm at work so I cannot give you a source, but look at the environmental impact of producing meat vs the packaging.

Switching to reusable containers sounds wonderful, but it's a very hard sell. Standardized sizes would waste a lot of energy in transporting, and proper washing and sanitization will add a significant environmental impact as well, either by energy use, or production of chemicals. Whether or not this is a net positive remains to be determined.

/edit: spelling mistakes

> Standardized sizes would waste a lot of energy in transporting

Why?

All I can see is how this would save a lot of energy in transporting by making it easier to stack things together, as well as making it a little more difficult for companies to play games with packaging size and form factor.

Today packaging is designed to be the minimal it can be. Less cost in production, less space use for transport, less weight, and tailored to the product inside.

If you use standard reusable sizes, cleaning and sanitazation requirements must come first, and it will inevitably be heavier as well.

Packaging of what? For some foodstuffs, yes - but not for many (if most) of them. Definitely not for beauty and personal hygiene stuff, where packaging is used to cheat consumers into thinking they're buying more stuff than they are (even more extreme than with groceries). Definitely not for appliances and consumer electronics, which use absurd amount of packaging for... I don't know, the unboxing experience, I think.

I suppose the situation is much different in B2B and bulk orders (like gastronomy), when the packaging is not also fulfilling a marketing role.

> If you use standard reusable sizes, cleaning and sanitazation requirements must come first, and it will inevitably be heavier as well.

Yes. But it will not be throwaway anymore. It would be great if someone did the math on that. My gut tells me that even the repeated extra cost of shipping additional mass around is much less than it costs to make and dispose of packaging (the bulk of it being probably in the disposal, which producers externalize on the society, and so they prefer churning out new packaging).

I was mainly talking about food packaging, but you do have a point with cosmetics and the like. For consumer electronics I do not agree. Everything I've bought over the last 5 years have come in as small packages as possible. Suddenly shipping phones or whatever in standardized sized containers will just mean it will have to accommodate the largest phone and the void will need some single use filling to prevent damage during shipping.
> You sound a bit... passionate?

Thinking that emotion invalidates any argument, the dumbest fallacy of all.

He/she doesn't say that it does. I read the whole thing as "you sound passionate about this, I agree with your suspicions, why not bring some sources".
In my reading, the ellipses imply a certain condescension, which is a fairly typical response used to de-legitimise the other participant in a conversation.
I didn't mean that (not a native speaker). Did you read the rest of my comment? I thought it would be clear. Anyways, I'm sorry for the misunderstanding.
It was a misunderstanding then, all cool :)
Can you articulate what data you're asking for? Everything in parent's comment seems to be logic; I'm not sure what part would be played by data.
> At least in Australia, the "recycling industry" is owned by the "packaging industry".

Maybe name them?

> manufacturing industry has in fact worked out how to "own" the environmental movement by pushing "recycling" as the "balance" to the spewing forth of garbage from the packaging industry

Maybe this is just to save costs? This can't be presented as a fact unless there is hard proof.

> Seems to me that world MUST eventually move to a solution which is a set of standardized containers for all products, which are durable, washable, have a refund value attached, and may have paper corporate brand stuck on them after being washed

This is just throwing out a solution. How heavier a standard package would be? What about special cases like materials which are shock sensitive, leaky, smelly, corrosive, ... How costly would be washing them?

> They're all filling every nook and cranny of this earth with garbage.

There must be some data about how are we filling the earth with garbage. Is recycling really useless to combat this?

Wait, stop using packaging? It's incredibly useful and cheap. The fact that we can throw it away shows just how cheap it is. That's a fantastic thing. Why not enjoy it?

Isn't the only harm it causes done when it's left to float around the ocean or get eaten by birds? As long as we keep our rubbish more secure and bury it properly, in places that won't leach into water supplies, what's the harm?

>> Wait, stop using packaging?

No one said that. Read again.

agree with so much here. just curios about the “packaging industry owns recycling industry in aus” statement. Where can i find out more about this?
https://www.visy.com.au/

It is both the biggest packaging and recycling company in Australia.

And has the magnificently ironic slogan of "For a better world."

If they didn't have the recycling side of the business, you might say "For a garbage world".

But it's impossible to hold them to account isn't it because they are "recycling".

And now we need to ask "Is recycling real, or is it just garbage being shipped to some other country?"

According to their wikipedia entry:

Pratt has organised the build of a $50 million, 100% recycled plastics plant in Sydney. This plant will enable Visy to make its PET and HDPE bottles out of 100% recycled plastic resin for everything from soft drink bottles to shampoo bottles to milk bottles. At full capacity, this facility will remove some 2 billion plastic bottles from the waste stream and recycle them into new bottles.

The company certainly seems to have had some other controversies, but it's not clear if what you claim is actually true. I would say you are going to have to put in some more work in order to substantiate your claims.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visy_Industries

I'm not sure that Wikipedia entry can be taken very seriously, there have been two big warnings at the top since 2015/2016:

> A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection with its subject. It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies, particularly neutral point of view. (March 2016)

> This article contains content that is written like an advertisement. Please help improve it by removing promotional content and inappropriate external links, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view. (October 2015)

I am not the one making the extraordinary claim that the packaging industry is promoting recycling in order to relax environmentalists interest in solving the pollution problems of the entire planet. I made a cursory attempt to see if there was merit to the claim, but without devoting serious time I could not do it. I gave the OP what I would call the start of a research trajectory I would use to prove the claims. Usually, the burden of proof is on the claimant/ accuser.

Your "analysis" that there are warnings on the entry could be improved by chasing down the supporting citations, looking at the talk page, and the edit history. This is simply more effort than I'm willing to go to in order to justify the claims made by the OP.

In all that rant of yours, you don't mention once why recycling doesn't work, just implore us to stop believing in it. Why is that?
It doesn't work because everywhere you look the world is full of garbage.

I went on a holiday to the pacific recently and stayed on a remote island and walked around it and every 10 feet - literally - was a plastic drink bottle.

Is that not enough to convince you that there's a problem?

I'm sorry but you're presenting us just some anecdotal evidence. Where I'm living, there's no obvious evidence to show that recycling doesn't work. These don't prove anything.
That's cause you're not listening to the message.

The message is not that recycling does not work.

The message is that because recycling half-works, you feel comfortable consuming vast quantities of garbage packaging.

Recycling is the mechanism that permits you to not question the packaging industry.

I did not say that recycling does not work.

The genius of recycling is that it half works, with the incredibly powerful outcome that people like you argue on behalf of the packaging industry.

Recycling is a sleight of hand. Like a world class magician, it is a redirection of our attention away from what the packaging industry is doing.

Recycling is the "look here, see everything is OK, we're not actually doing anything so bad".

What percentage of recycling industry is owned by packaging industry? Are there any examples?

Why doesn't recycling fully work?

Is the garbage generated from packaging higher in the countries where more recycling is made?

Sources with data and numbers would be very welcome.

So recycling doesn't work because you can see trash that isn't recycled?

There is a problem but it's not a problem with recycling.

(comment deleted)
What are you going to recycle it all into? It's just not economical to do. Sweden gets it, they burn their garbage for power instead.
It doesn't work because the packaging isn't recycled. You're not allowed to use post-consumer plastic to make food grade PP [1]. So %0 of food packaging is recycled as food packaging. Sometimes it is turned into insulation or polyester for clothing, but it rarely if ever is turned into hard plastic again. PP can only be recycled about 3 times as hard plastic before the mechanical properties become unusable and the plastic comes out visibly brittle and rough. ABS is similarly hard to recycle, and colored plastics cannot be turned into white plastic which can be used to make colored parts.

The only recycled plastic in your life is:

1. polyester clothing 2. building materials 3. agricultural materials

3 is pretty ironic. You're allowed to grow a plant in a recycled container, but once you harvest that plant, it must be stored in a food grade container which cannot be recycled.

[1] http://nextek.org/portfolio/food-grade-recycled-pp/

Why is 3 ironic? Living plants and processed food are different things even if both are based on organic material.
But it is not just processed food that needs food grade containers. Even the boxed zucchinis with food grade PP foil wrapping. And is it really so much different? The soil also gets wet, there is also acid in the soil, so why wouldn't a plant pot release toxins in the same way that plastic food packaging might?

Edit:

I recently watched this video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTGpot7L7hA and it seems so ironic how dirty and industrial everything is, and then, all of a sudden the peas get washed and put in food grade plastic bags and we make this huge theater about sanitation.

Absolutely.

It's refreshing to spend time in the undeveloped world and see how glass bottles are re-used hundreds or thousands of times, how many things you buy don't come wrapped in plastic and how people simply buy less crap.

In order of importance - Reduce, re-use, recycle.

The developed world is just now catching on to the worst of the three.

I understand the sentiment and sometimes keep jars that look like they might be useful. But if you're not actually forced into that life forever, it's not really fair to judge it as desirable. I appreciate having time to do intellectual work without the burden of tedious manual labour tasks all day - did they also wash their clothes by hand? The human brain is capable of far more than that. What a waste the 3rd world is in not tapping as much of its potential.
I agree that packaging needs a rethink.

Our household waste stream is quite low (UK). Less than a small carrier bag per week of what basically boils down to plastic wrapping and lids. Most of which is unnecessary.

All our food wastes, cardboards, poor quality papers, (pretty much anything the worms will eat) ends up in the compost heap. Nature is a good recycler in that regard.

Our recycling bin is mainly full of glass and metal. These packaging materials do feel rather extravagant, but at least they are simple mostly non-composite materials. I still don't understand how and why it's worth recycling a Tetrapak.

While I agree many plastics are probably better burnt for energy rather than shipping them to China; buying into incinerators just perpetuates this rubbish packaging industry.

Simple compostable packaging is certainly a swaying factor for me when buying a food item.

If it is in a compost heap instead of a compost container, then rats will be feasting in addition to worms.
Another reason to not recycle is that recycling is to protect local environments from immediate short term damage. A bigger environmental problem is global warming and I don't think recycling help with that at all. If anything, it seems like it would make it worse by reducing the amount of oil needed to make plastic, thus keeping the demand and price low so more of it can be burnt cheaply instead.

How about we convert as much oil as we can into plastic, bury it in the ground for a few 100s of years and stop worrying?

I don't disagree with the point you are trying to make, but how else would you expect the concept of recycling to work?

So, let's take Visy, in the context of this post, they are in the business of waste disposal, recycling, and packaging. For their packaging business, they turn raw materials into packaging. For cardboard, that's either dead trees or recycled/reprocessed cardboard.

So they either pay for brand new raw materials or recycled materials. They decide to skip the middle man and setup a plant, negotiate contracts with councils/governments and take peoples waste so they can turn it into packaging.

That's what recycling is. It's not magic. If there is no one/business on the other end to consume or process it, it's not recycling, it just garbage and goes to a land fill.

I'm just using cardboard as an example because it's easier to grok (trees/cardboard etc), but over the last 5 years there has literally been occasions where the price of brand new cardboard has been lower than recycled cardboard. So yes, sometimes this the recycling industry is all sorts of fucked, but if you don't have industry/business/consumer on the other end of this recycling equation it's worthless.

We need standard, reusable packages sizes, refundable, washable, can be labelled with paper stick on branding.

Maybe 150 of them as a guess.

Legal requirement to use them.

Interesting idea. Can it be fully washed out though? I really wouldn't want to reuse a bleach bottle and fill it with milk.
Why not? For example laboratories reuse the same glass equipment, sometimes for decades without any fear of cross contamination.
I feel like glass is different than plastic though. Or would we switch to glass in this scenario?
Glass is heavy though. I wonder if the additional energy to lug it from one location to another would be worth it.
Disclaimer: Sample size 1.

Laboratories definitely worry about cross contamination for reagent (or even worse, culture) containers. The vast majority of containers used in Microbiology labs are disposable and incinerated after use.

And they certainly dont drink or eat their contents, which was the point you were responding too.

Probably will shift to india
Very oddly written article. The author seems to assume that the US and EU are above doing whatever China does with the recycled plastics.
They are above paying subhuman wages for extreme exposure to dangerous and toxic environments for extended periods of time. Yes.
Now maybe, but they weren't during the western industrial revolution and well beyond! Geez read some history!
They are above it. In a turn up their noses and leave it to the third world to do the dirty work sort of way. Burning plastic is regulated in the EU, using recycled plastic is basically forbidden due to the risk of contamination with lead and other toxic chemicals. It's like the king who is above cleaning his toilet.