Ask HN: What super projects could unite humanity?

30 points by mathgladiator ↗ HN
For context, http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=1742606

What kind of world changing super project could humanity solve that would unite us towards a common goal?

82 comments

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Not exactly inspiring, but an alien enemy would be a pretty good way of uniting the planet towards a common goal.
If we have to invent an enemy alien civilization can I suggest we decide to go to war with the Culture?

Think of it: godless, drug-using communists in space!!!

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Culture

[NB I've always suspected that Iain M. Banks is a Special Circumstances agent - installing an author to write "fiction" about themselves is exactly the kind of sneaky thing the Culture would do]. ;-)

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And if they do exist, which of course they don't, quite a lot of people might just decide they rather like the idea of the Culture and immediately defect/surrender.

I know what I would do given the choice!

Traitor!
If it means I get to belong to the Culture, yes!
There doesn't seem to be much reason to go to war with them though - wouldn't it be more likely that the entire earth would unite to convince them to let us join?
I believe an extra terrestrial threat that we can visualize and also threatens whole humanity can unite us other than i doubt any worldly issues will unite anybody.
the problem is that aliens who would be able to reach Earth to threaten it will be so much more technologically advanced that any resistance will be quite futile.

what I think should unite us is the understanding that this tiny blue dot in the middle of Milky Way is the only thing that keps us alive, so we need to strive to keep it so for as long as possible while searching for other ways to survive in space on a large scale.

We both think that should happen, but for most people the need just isn't pressing enough and the scales of time are just too big to be appealing. People, generally, just respond to basic instincts (wanting to be entertained, titillated, make easy money, stuff their faces on the couch, etc) and short term, easy goals.

And unfortunately, it's unlikely to become a popular political position either.

Imagine a chance to route defense spending to space research and exploration - it's the geek dream!

I agree; if current levels of existential risk aren't enough to unite humanity, I don't think anything survivable will do so.
I suppose that is because of the evolutionary mechanism to keep the species alive. There's something in place that will unite us when extinction is a possibility (I believe this could be part of reason why wars eventually end..).
There's no such thing as an evolutionary mechanism that keep species alive.
I think hostile aliens are a specific example of a more general unifier: non-human common enemies. This might include hostile AI (think SkyNet), solar radiation, or perhaps even a terrestrial worldwide pandemic (bacterial or viral).

I think that enemies you can see and anthropomorphise are more powerful, however, so I imagine a humanoid alien or terminator would be a better unifier than an invisible bacteria or global warming, even though all could be considered a common threat to humanity.

The aliens are going to get their a@@@@ kicked... in Afghanistan.
Making all data collected by gov't agencies, institutes, universities etc. available, for free, in a standardized format.
this would make a big difference in the fight against rare diseases, I know someone who has an illness that is not adequately researched because it is too rare.
Maybe not ITER (or even DEMO), but specifically nuclear fusion becoming a viable practical energy source.

I went to JET last year, which was amazing to see, but I couldn't help but get the nagging feeling that we won't see tritium/deuterium fusion hit mainstream within our lifetimes.

Mind you, once it does reach mainstream that will change everything. Hopefully there won't be a race to mine helium 3 from the moon.

The Internet will provided it stays free and open. Through freely available information eventually we will resolve our petty differences, overcome destructive behavior and start fixing big problems like illness and space flight. Perhaps.
Ha. I get the feeling your comment is a little tongue in cheek. I have a pet theory that precisely the opposite will happen. That the internet will give rise to increased differences and destructive behaviour. Why? Because the internet allows people to be exposed to widely opposing views, to trolling by groups with opposing views, allows people to "meet" and argue, allows even the most extreme of viewpoints to build an audience, and allows disparate groups to rally together. E.g just look at Atheism vs Religion. I could see that coming to blows at some point.
So you say less/more difficult communication and perhaps even censorship is better in order to prevent conflict?
I don't know what the solution is, or if there is one, or even if I'm right. But as an example, look at the Pastor who was going to burn the Koran. 30 years ago before cable and internet news this guy would have never been heard of. But today, thanks to cable TV and the internet a huge amount of animosity has been generated, there's been demonstrations, reinforcement of cultural biases etc etc. Is this a good thing?
I don't share the view of the world that now somehow things are worse. This seems to be the view of a conservative person.

The opposite is true. The world is now the safest it's ever been. It's also the wealthiest and offers the most opportunities.

why are you inverting his argument to the most extreme opposite?
I'm not. I'm asking, if how I understand it is how he meant it.
"Meanwhile, the poor Babel fish, by effectively removing all barriers to communication between different races and cultures, has caused more and bloodier wars than anything else in the history of creation." --Douglas Adams
You haven't been following the Zed Shaw rant threads here have you?
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A Killer Asteroid (one that is big enough to wipe out all humanity) on a guaranteed course to collide with Earth within the next 10 years unless we do something about it. If basic self preservation against a visible and quantifiable threat will not unite humanity - I have very little hope for anything else.
The problem with a Killer Asteroid for the purposes of this discussion is that the solution would have to be extremely high tech (presumably large H-bombs on large rockets). Apart from paying larger taxes I'm not sure what most of us could do to contribute to such a project, so as far as "uniting humanity" goes I suspect we would see fracturing along lines of:

- It's a government plot to get us to pay more taxes and remove personal freedoms

- It is God's will and trying to do anything to stop it is evil

- I'll be OK if I dig a deep enough hole and take enough food, guns and ammo

- Who cares, I'm going to make sure I enjoy the next ten years

> extremely high tech (presumably large H-bombs on large rockets)

How is 40s/50s technology high tech ?

You don't think designing a system that can deliver bombs deep into space is high tech?

It's not like we could get a Saturn-5 out of storage, fuel it up, stick a Tsar Bomba on the top and hope for the best.

H-bombs are sitting on tops of 30-year old space rockets right now.

Sending them to defeat asteroid might be even more devastating than not sending them though.

ICBMs don't even make it to orbit - if you wait till an asteroid is close enough that an ICBM could hit it then you might as well not bother.

[NB I do know that the SS-25 could do fractional orbits.]

No, but we've had rockets capable of delivering space probes across interplanetary distances for decades. Replace payload with nuclear warhead. Is that hard ? Maybe, but the manned Moon landings were hard, and we did those decades ago. Hard, but not "high tech".

Now whether or not such a solution would actually work is another matter. The original comment however was "extremely high tech such as H-Bombs on rockets". Both are examples of tech that's decades old.

But that argument also applies to stored program electronic computers - which are also 40s/50s tech.

So we have the technology to get a large enough device far enough out into the solar system quickly enough for it to make a difference and to engineer all of this within a limited timescale? I don't know about that....

Manned trip to Mars

Moon base

Space Elevator

More likely to lead to increased competition between nations/corporations (see the dash for colonization in 19c, leading up to WW1).
Possibly. My reasoning is that, unlike colonization, these projects are so big as to be impossible by one nation. They can only be attempted through co-operation by many.
A manned trip to Mars is estimated at ~$50 billion. Assume that NASA goes twice over budget and it costs $100 billion.

That's cheap! Any modern developed country could send a crew to Mars in 10 years. However, nobody has done it because nobody has devoted the resources to that cause.

The bank bailouts were around $700 billion, for comparison.

Space travel is cheap compared to the rest of what we do.

I think that's a low-ball cost. I've seen some estimates at $1 tr. But still yes, the US (and the US alone) could conceivably afford that (compare to cost of Iraq for example), so I take your point. However, even so, i don't think even the US would (or should) attempt this alone. (It's not just cash, but expertise too).

Re the bailout figure: this is slightly misleading. This isn't money that's just been "spent". It's been invested - in purchasing assets and equity from the bailed out institutions. These institutions are largely expected to buy back these investments at a later date netting the US govt a profit (some already have). Additionally of course, the cost of NOT bailing out the banks may have been much, much more. So I don't think it's a comparable number.

Your $1 trillion figure to Mars is absurd. The Mars Direct plan is about $55 billion. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Direct

Could you cite where you heard $1 trillion? Nobody in the last 50 years has suggested it would cost anywhere near that much.

Sure, the bank bailouts were a bad example. But you gave an even better one! The Iraq War cost hundreds and hundreds of billions of dollars.

Competition is just parallelization.
As history is witness, "united towards" doesn't work in large scale. It should be "united against". Human need an enemy to get united against. Alien invasion, asteroid collusion might be such thing. Otherwise no matter what, humanity will find one reason or another to form groups to fight one another.

Therefore humans are unlikely to get united to colonize a new planet few light years away. That's not in human nature.

Also check Monkey Sphere: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunbars_number

  > asteroid collusion
I mean no offense, but that was one of the most hilariously accurate typos I've ever seen.
Fully automated food production, shelter construction, power production, and transportation.
I thought about immortality, but I suspect you'd fail to enlist the (massive) religious populations of Earth since you'd be competing directly with their existing power structure and investment.

It's odd to think that it's already a saturated market.

Has there ever in history been an example of a super project uniting people?
Unfortunately the only proven technique for unifying large populations towards a single cause seems to be warfare.
I thought of many attempts. They grow rapidly into mass slaugher. Forcing a particular religion onto people, forcing people to fund great mausoleums to the glory of their leaders, autocracy done in the name of socialism, "super-races" states from Sparta forward.

In fairness, I did think of one that could qualify, the vaccination of Polio.

If Polio counts, then small pox MUST count. We did an even better job with small pox than polio.
Thanks for your polite response. I said the wrong thing, small pox is what I was thinking of.
The space elevator is the most game-changing investment we can make. The cost of getting into and out of orbit is the main barrier to any grand space scheme like mars, moon bases, or asteroid mining. It would also become a target of extremist anger and ignite divisions about tech. Runner-up might be a serious global scale geothermal plant for renewable power.
I refuse to be united with humanity. And it's not just me.

Differences are good, disagreements are good, and diversity is good. Including differences in goals, values, priorities and everything else.

If you have some serious differences and if you want to avoid conflicts, you probably shouldn't keep pushing to unite. You probably should separate. Like, you know, if a family can't agree on some important set of issues, they probably shouldn't always try to find a compromise (which might as well be bad for all sides), or apply force to silence the weakest side. They would probably be much better off if they get divorced, and let each side to form a family with someone who shares their views.

I think the same logic applies to countries, and to disagreements about any serious issue -- like, i don't know, taxes, global warming, foreign affairs, gay marriage, controlled substances, etc etc.

So, tldr: I'd rather look for something to separate humanity, it tries too hard to get united.

I generally agree with you, but concerning an issue like global warming specifically, you are wrong.

For issues like global warming/pollution, it doesn't help to separate. If the US pollutes less and China picks up the slack, the earth will be just as warm (including the US). Separation is a great solution to some problems, but it doesn't solve the problem of how to pay for global public goods (it deals with local ones nicely, however).

There are people who will refuse to care about global warming (or asteroid, or anything else), no matter what arguments you are going to provide. From here, you have to choices: A) suck it up, and B) force them.

I refuse to choose B, and I'm going to fight back if anyone chooses B wrt me.

As an ecologist, it's always bothered me that because people can't immediately observe the effects of their actions in this regard, they don't assign much importance to them...

If the issue was Lex Luthor destroying the western US to make midwest property values go up, would you suck it up, or would you advocate forcing him to stop?

The end result here will be just as catastrophic. We can't let people go their own way because they don't "believe" in science. It won't make it any less true.

I really didn't want to reply to that (I think I've made my position perfectly clear already), but then I've got so curious that I just can't hold this question:

If you had some Lex Luthor powers, and there were 4 billion people destroying, I don't know, the ozone layer and forests, and refusing to believe in "science", and if your only way to stop them was to use your huge robot army and your giant space lasers as a military force against them -- would you do that?

Let me recolor that question:

If you had some Lex Luthor powers, and there were 4 billion people hell bent on killing you, and the only way you could stop them was to use your huge robot army and your giant space lasers as a military force against them -- would you do that?

I suppose the fundamental question here is: to what extent can you exercise your actions of self interest if they mean countering similar actions by others?

Yeah, that's an easy one, I feel perfectly okay applying force in response to aggression against what's belongs to me (like my body).

And no, the fundamental question is "why would someone think that ozone layer or forests etc belongs to them" (because if it doesn't, they are not in position to decide if it should be kept or destroyed).

If you absolutely rely on something to live (without an ozone layer or oxygen, you're gone), don't you have a right to defend it? Although I admit, using robots to kill billions of people would give me pause. It's definitely a complex issue.

Do you have the right to defend yourself against an indirect attack? Here's another ridiculous scenario to think about - let's say you're diabetic, and some group of thugs is destroying all the world's supply of insulin. It doesn't belong to you, but you definitely need it. What would you do?

The point is this - if my locality wishes to criminalize drugs and yours doesn't, we both get what we want. My locality has a bunch of drug users getting raped in prison, yours doesn't. We all get what we want.

This doesn't work for a few narrow issues. If you dump oil into your oceans, it floats into my oceans and you are forcing me to deal with polluted waters. If you allow piracy (the "arrr, matey" kind), the pirates rob everyone rather than just people in your locality. In cases like this, force will be used no matter what. There is no getting around it.

Look, I'm almost as libertarian as they come. I'm not even making a pro-AGW argument, since I'm unconvinced of AGW myself. I'm just pointing out that you need to fully think through your position - it's a great proposal, but doesn't solve every problem.

Well, if you are a libertarian, you probably know about all kinds of solutions for those issues, as outlined by Rothbard et ol. Do you find them all less realistic than e.g. "unite" plan?
For some issues they tend to work well. For others they don't. Rothbard was a fantastic intellectual, but he suffered the same problem that many specialists do - he carried a hammer, and thought every problem was a nail. I don't see any plausible mechanism by which spontaneous order will form to address environmental issues. Additionally, it has not tended to occur historically.

(Note: I don't even intend that as a harsh criticism. Rothbard's intellectual contributions are fantastic, and his hammer worked quite well for many things. Just not everything.)

Good luck with your new post-terran life. If you could avoid voting until you get there, that would be most appreciated - eventually - by those who plan to stay here.
Tesla Wardenclyffe Project
Changing everyones genes so we are all a lot more tolerant of each other and so bigotry is wiped out.

Also we need much, much faster transportation, like trains that can travel around the world in 3-4 hours. This way we can see our "neighbors" much more often and no longer have a sub-concious fear of the unknown.

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Selfishness.

Oh wait, we recently achieved that...

wikiSPEEDia is a worldwide uniter. It will save kids lives.
Zombie apocalypse, for obvious reasons. The number of people considered a part of humanity is greatly reduced, making unification easier, and the goal is clear and simple - survival.

So keep up the work on that zombie-creating parasite!

How much of humanity? 10%? 40? 99?

I doubt you will get much more than about 20% of humanity to agree to anything at any given time. Extraterrestrial invasion? Nope, a bunch will just see them as gods and their own death as a journey to heaven? Another bunch will try to negotiate, another bunch will try to blast them into nonexistence?

Global catastrophe? See above.

And then there's the problem of who you're talking about. You can't e.g., reach everyone in every little town in India, Central Africa and South America. So if their "leaders" agree, does that mean that they agree? Look at all the disagreement that happens with people and their elected officials in the US all the time.

Sorry dude, we're doomed to all die alone.

Would like to add in another factor into this question -

How long do you want that unity to last? the moment the question of commercialising the output of the project comes up, the competition will come out in the open and the unity will break.

Also, is it really required for the whole humanity to unite to take up a project that can affect humanity? Most of technologies and resources that can enable such a project are in the hands of a very few nations.

Universal Consciousness --- Realizing we are all made of the same atoms, cells, and revolve the same star. Also, seeing that we are all looking for the same things: Freedom, Wealth, and Love. The meaning of each is subjective but, we have biochemical need for all three to reach universal consoiousness.
Define: humanity?