Sue: Bill is just so unreliable. He says things and doesnt do them.
Jill: Yah he did the same to me!
------
(Notices Bill's ghost profile's trustworthiness score go down, without any interaction from Bill at all. What exactly do we do about that? We in the US have no rights like this. The corps can do whatever they want, and maybe just maybe, a decent law will be passed to protect us. Or likely not.)
> maybe just maybe, a decent law will be passed to protect us.
Against what? A company rating their trust in our ability to use their resources? This happens on a daily basis with almost any company; it's just less formalized.
Perhaps there is a reciprocal element. If Facebook appears not trustworthy to me, then I don't trust Facebook, and then probably I will appear not trustworthy to Facebook.
According to article it looks like it's about marking something as fake news (i.e. how "correct" you are in that). At least that is how I understood it.
Why? If I store your height and weight for you as part of my app, but compute on the server-side the quotient of those for server-side features, why do I need to give you that intermediate value? Would you then be entitled to any intermediate variables used in any calculations that use your data?
If you could, then I suspect that you could do things like makes posts and GPDR the result, if you rinse and repeat you could probably reverse engineer what the algorithm is.
A. A dictatorial, totalitarian government rating all its citizens based on opaque criteria and using that to restrict access to essential services, financial support, and general life and liberty.
B. A private company scoring its users to combat spam, as all social networks do.
To close the loop: government immigration authority claims the right to use your social media accounts as input to determine whether you may enter the country.
I wonder if they will let you advertise to people based on trustworthiness, seems like a metric that would be rather useful for a lot of different scenarios.
I worked for FB anti-spam team, and believe me, nobody trusted user feedback absolutely (i.e. it's good to send to review, but not automatically take down). I guess that with fake news the signal to noise ratio is even worse.
The whole article sounds more like focusing on one implementation details of review queue prioritization (i.e. what is the difference of definition of "fake news" for this user vs Facebook's definition), rather than bigger picture.
To me, fake news also includes slanted coverage of true events (i.e. covering events in such a way as to convey a sponsored message, biased polling methodology, etc.). That encompasses statistically approaching 100% of trashy sources you’re likely to encounter as 'sponsored content', as well as a healthy portion of more established sources' content. I'd be likely to report a majority as fake news in perfectly good faith if given the option.
Maybe the term isn’t as narrowly defined as your (former?) employer would like.
Edit: upon a bit more reflection, I do take for granted a desire to protect life and liberty (in that order), and anything that appears to threaten that view will draw special scrutiny, and potential abuse of reporting features.
But the parent commenter's issue does imply a solution! Just add "Biased/slanted coverage" to the list of reasons to report, and now your "Fake News" section is much higher signal to noise.
Everything is biased. True objectivity is effectively impossible, and it's not even clear that perfect objectivity is desirable.
People will report any negative coverage of their favorite party/politician as biased, especially now that the current U.S. president hoists that banner every day.
Certain content might be more or less blatant about it, and as seymour1 suggests, gathering that additional data and cleaning up the currently actionable data really only has upsides.
One avenue would be to put those who report the same things as biased in cohorts, to be shown or not shown similar content.
It's not like being exposed to content biased contrary to our view changes our view; it's just more readily detected as biased, and in certain ways may reinforce our view as we defend it.
In any case, the ratio of bias reports/views for content is likely to be inversely related to its value and general appeal.
Exactly. A statistically literate person should be able to make reasonably accurate inferences about the broader distribution of some event class by reading about the most newsworthy events and extrapolating (taking into account that newsworthy events should be among the highest-impact in the class). However, practically all mainstream news sources fail this basic test. You can't get very close to an accurate picture of reality these days without reading e.g. individual bloggers who dedicate a significant portion of their lives to highlighting relevant patterns that mainstream news sources on both 'sides' are intentionally omitting or burying.
I think the use of "trustworthiness" is misleading. Really it's more "how likely is this person to accurately flag an article that matches Facebook's internal definition of fake news."
That would mean that your number would be on the lower end, but that's not a reflection of your character. More likely it just means that whatever queue is set up for review will wait until more and higher-scoring individuals also flag the article before bumping it up the queue.
Funny how this article is something I would flag if I used your definition of fake news. To me this article is trying to allude to some nefarious Black Mirror nonsense.
Well said, and I agree completely about this story.
There's still an aspect of this with which I'm unsatisfied, however. What's the character of leadership who would address misuse of the feature by devising weights intended to devalue the opinions of large swaths of their engaged user base? Significant numbers of people are expressing a sentiment through their alleged abuse of the feature, and instead of trying to channel that constructively, the company is devising ways to ignore it.
> "Significant numbers of people are expressing a sentiment through their alleged abuse of the feature, and instead of trying to channel that constructively, the company is devising ways to ignore it."
What's the character of leadership who would unjustly silence group A just because significant numbers of people are expressing sentiment to silence group A? Not sure if not doing what they are doing is actually better.
On another note:
This is not necessarily abuse. Even with no abuse, you can have different definition of fake news, than FB have. In such case, you report, someone at FB reviews, and nothing happens. Having weight on you does not change this. The "leadership" is "ignoring you" in a same way as before. Apart from the fact that it's not "ignoring you". They just have different opinion than you.
Note: I used "you" but I don't think that you necessarily have different definition than FB, if was just more convenient to formulate it this way.
I think it boils down to regulation of AI. Only the EU seems to be challenging Silicon Valley with actual penalties and laws to keep them a bit more straight. Why can't the U.S. regulate their own companies?
The thing is that pretty much all reporting has bias. Interpretation is inextricable from observation. Bias in and of itself is not a bad thing -- it provides a framework for meaningful discourse. IMO the real issue is being unaware of these biases. Introspection and constant self-evaluation is key.
Reporting to me is largely facts with a baseline humanist bias (i.e. AP, Reuters, AFP wire reports) while editorial is opinion seasoned with facts, or all too often, fact-like flavor enhancers. All I'm saying is flavor enhancer sensitivity is real, and Yelp makes tons of money helping you avoid low quality fare (not only due to the protection racket they're running).
Its going to be very difficult to report news without any bias.
I subscribed to a lot of contradictory crap on facebook after hearing about their data mining (Fox News plus Huffington Post, Obama as well as Trump). Its actually a lot more interesting seeing how both sides try to manipulate the truth.
I had friends that gleefully boasted about marking anything from Fox News as "false news story." They didn't understand that they really weren't helping the situation at all.
> Because Facebook forwards posts that are marked as false to third-party fact-checkers, she said it was important to build systems to assess whether the posts were likely to be false to make efficient use of fact-checkers’ time.
This seems like a "the road to hell is paved with good intentions" kind of thing. On one hand, I understand not wanting to forward every single story when a troll is mass-reporting, on the other hand though, this seems like a very 1984 approach that like all algorithms is horrendously naive.
Any closed group is likely to have a skewed sense of reality. On one hand, third party fact checkers are hopefully true to their title, but on the other hand, they could just be adding their own bias to the decisions with no oversight in a way that affects users going forward.
Add in no ability to appeal and no visibility into the system, and you have a closed system ripe for abuse.
What would be a viable alternative? I don't think they can just ignore the issue and, as you mention, can't review every single story. They'll have to rely on some form of sampling for the reviewers. Would it be better to just take a truly random sample of all reports? I don't think that would be very effective given the number of publications they have to review. Do you let users review the content for veracity? Seems like that just creates a situation where the group with the most participants pick the news. I'm not sure this is the optimal path, but to say that Facebook has learned nothing is disingenuous.
Perhaps, but do nothing is the only sane response. Mind you, I mean on a basic level. On top of that you can evaluate options, for example, "channels", if you are a democrat/liberal/SJW you can subscribe to channels of only approved sources if you dont want to read libertarian/russian/GOP ones. You can argue that this will promote an echo chamber, but lets be honest it is what happens already. So I dont want censorship on top of that.
The alternative is to nationalize Facebook. Facebook is destroying our society and if the government doesn’t realize it yet, then Facebook will become our government.
Not attempting to the arbiter of truth and falsehood would be one.
Or reporting on what users think of a story's truthfulness: "49% rate this story as true, 21% rate it as untrue".
Or, if they want to be honest, acknowledging that it is about policing taboo thoughts. "Smith, 4980203 Winston. This article is crimethink! Warning: If you read too many articles like it your Citizen Credit Score will be downgraded. You have been warned!". OK, maybe they won't go for that :-)
There are a lot of cases where truth and falsehood are absolute. Those cases where something is provably false should be called out as such.
Think of something like Pizzagate - the fact that the restaurant in question didn't have a basement belied the assertions that bad things were happening in said basement. Any article or comment that passed on that provable lie should be flagged as a lie.
Sure, there are grey areas beyond that. Those are opinions, and should be separable from facts.
> There are a lot of cases where truth and falsehood are absolute
Truth and falsehood are absolute for pretty much all fact claims.
Whether they can easily by determined is another story.
> Think of something like Pizzagate - the fact that the restaurant in question didn't have a basement belied the assertions that bad things were happening in said basement.
Sure, but suppose (they weren't, by for sake of illustrating the problem) bad things were happening in, say, a attached a controlled by the owners of the restaurant, but somehiw as the story got out and before it was fixed in text, it was distorted so that it referred to a non-existent basement instead. Would actively suppressing the story because of the impossible location described really be in the public interest?
Sure, in strict terms any single factual error in the most involved story makes the story false. But, most accounts will accumulate some false elements in a complex story: there has to be consideration of importance and materiality.
25% of your friends rated this article as false. 2% of all facebook users rated this article as false. Politico has fact checked this article as true. Fox News has fact checked this article as false.
Do you check your spam filter to see what it's been filtering still? Text classification has gotten very reliable over the last decade, the process just needs to be transparent.
Valve also does something similar with their anti-cheat system called overwatch. A machine learning system selects which replays are most likely to result in a conviction, then those replays are shown to human peer-reviewers who must come to a consensus on whether the replay shows cheating or not. The pre-selection stage greatly increases the efficiency of the system.
There’s a difference between filtering for spam content and the much more complicated job of determining “truth”, especially given that what is “true” in political matters is highly subjective.
Yes I check my spam folder frequently. The Gmail spam filter has many false positives. In the real world text classification is still too inaccurate to rely upon for anything important.
It's just basic reputation, a mechanism humans have used to improve cooperation since before they had become homo sapiens.
There's absolutely nothing nefarious about remembering previous interactions you had with someone. In fact it's impossible not to do so.
The problem with China is how it tears down the natural separation between different spheres of your life, how all-encompassing their panopticum can become because it has access to any data source it desires, and that the issues it engages with all seem to be of the this-doesn't-concern-you-and-nobody-is-actually-harmed variety, such as peoples' porn consumption or eating habits.
Wanted to give an example showing that not everyone in tech is progressive and has good intentions.
Anyone who goes out of their way to congratulate Trump is not someone who sympathizes with the population as whole, and find it impossible to believe Zuckerberg has good intentions in how he makes major business decisions because of this.
Ridiculous. Bigwigs placing congratulatory phone calls to the President Elect after victory is traditional. Lots of people did it. He would have done the same for Hillary if she had won.
And it's not going out of your way, it's 5 minutes of someone's time.
...or he wants to position his company in a favorable way to the new administration just like every other large mega corporation in America. I don't read any intention other than that. He wasn't the only tech CEO to reach out to the administration shortly after the election.
Just a clear example of someone not having good intentions in their actions.
How can one have good intentions serving a very diverse audience on their global platform when they congratulate someone blatantly full of hate for so many broad categories of humans?
About half the people who cared to vote voted for Trump. He is popular and represents big part of the US population. There are educated, very smart and open minded people who voted for him. To imply that doing anything that shows respect or support for him implies hate is to show extremely limited working view and bigotry.
As a European I want to make it vocally known that in my opinion US politics has in recent times almost irrevocably poisoned HackerNews; and that is coming from someone who has been on this site eight years.
One _cannot_ in _any way_ infer a lack of good intentions from a single alleged phone call.
Besides, if I were a titan of industry I would do my best to call whoever the hell got elected president the night of the election regardless of my particular party affiliation. Especially considering most corporations lobby both of the main political parties to hedge their bets.
I imagine hardly any corporation lets ideology trump pragmatism – partisan individuals (we do not need to name names) notwithstanding.
For the love of all that is holy, can we please please focus on tech and policy and put identity politics and tribal politics to one side on HN? Please?
I hate the "identity politics" meme. What is policy that effects humans but "identity politics". From privacy oriented individuals concerned with data collection to social minorities concerned about prosecution any administration is going effect you based on identity.
For racial and sexual minorities, in the current US climate especially, it's hard to avoid "identity politics" when you have literal mobs with torches yelling for your head. And likewise it's hard to not feel a bit betrayed (even if that's completely irrational) when corporations ignore this for the sake of maintaining good relations for profit.
Given that the term "culture war" has no set definition and best I can tell is just a dog whistle for "rally the bigots against <least favorite minority group here>", I'm really at a loss as to what your point is.
Are you concerned changing cultural tides will put you on the wrong side of history? Or is it more of an existential angst about privilege? I think we're in agreement that current trends are very serious, although it appears for opposite reasons.
You haven't a clue what my politics are so stop trying to throw mud hoping some will stick.
My initial comment called for less of this kind of thing on HN but it seems that some of use here will always be at pains to show the rest of the world how on the correct side of history we are. How tedious. What this has got to do with Facebook's trustworthiness score machinery I do not know.
> "What this has got to do with Facebook's trustworthiness score machinery I do not know."
This article posted is immensely relevant for the intersection
of tech and political discourse, and in such cases, I would personally prefer to see more discussion on HN.
If the article is about new advances in Golang, sure, I'd hate to see talk of politics in threads.
Agreed. The US is supposedly a democracy, in which people will respect the election made by others. They were proud of its System. Now it looks they have forgotten the principles of democracy as they take it for granted.
The US has become bipolar, the Media has become hysterical, using war propaganda to infer the worst intentions and personal qualities to the adversaries, instead of using Truth using prejudices, condemning people without evidence or counsel for the defense.
Sorry to play exactly the role you are criticizing but my sense of irony implores me to point out that Trump was literally elected by a minority of people who voted, taking second place in the popular vote, so "supposedly a democracy" is a more apt phrase than I think you might have intended.
I don't have a problem with a phone call though. Although I would not have done it personally.
Some of the comments I routinely read online now are quite shocking. If only people could put aside their partisan differences for a short time to enact electoral reform. I did a quick Google and found this site: http://www.fairvote.org/about
Agreed. The worst of US politics is due to its two party system that invites a two team mentality. Any thinking in terms of us vs them or we vs they invites all kinds of conformance stupidity. I am fully capable of forming my opinions. I don't need a political label or their respective team to help me along with what my personal opinions need to be.
The majority of Americans support single payer healthcare! Coincidentally (except it's not a coincidence at all) out of OECD countries the U.S. has the most amount of completely uninsured citizens (about 1 in 10!): https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=HEALTH_PROT but also pays on average more than anywhere else: http://www.oecd.org/els/health-systems/graph-of-the-month.ht... including this nugget: “Of all the OECD member states, only in the United States does voluntary health insurance and private funding such as households’ out-of-pocket payments account for more than 50% of the total”
When you realize that what the average person desires in the U.S. makes statistically zero difference on what laws get passed† it's little wonder that many have stopped voting.
And yet, what do the rest of us have to listen to on HN? Partisan bickering and identity politics. Spare us please.
Research that I have seen largely suggests that health care is more expensive in the US compared to similar quality health care elsewhere. The primary cause, though not the only cause, for this cost imbalance is largely due to a variety of administrative inefficiencies that have grown out of balance over time. These inefficiencies are economically allowed to exist because many forms of health care are a basic need rather than a luxury want.
Some additional data from the insurance side of things is that about 5% of patients account for about 50% of health care expenses and about 1% of patients account for about 25% of expenses. This is not something to primarily solve for, but it is something the insurance industry must account for.
Solving even for the some of the most basic cost insecurities of health care is hard, because some side of the industry always benefits from a particular angle of each inefficiency. You have to be willing to financially harm a large segment of that industry to make it better for everybody else. Realizing this each segment of that industry (all industries) will maximize identity politics and team identity as necessary to ensure the survival of their collective business interests.
I'm merely pointing out that I'm not from the US so that people know that I don't have a dog in the race. Just so you know I would vote for neither of the two big teams in the US.
What I am trying to do is to say that from a neutral perspective the politicking here is reaching a toxic level. It distracts from the real issues of giant monopolistic tech companies and other such real social ills. You think it's amusing, I think it's downright depressing that I should have to wave a white flag.
I know, my comment was completely rooted in sarcasm :)
I agree with you but I also think given the prominent role FB had in the last US election and the uncertainty of its potential role in the upcoming election its ensures that peoples's emotions on the subject tend to run hot. Cheers.
Ah ok :) That went whooshing by over my head – I've been spending too long in YouTube comment sections recently and have grown unaccustomed to the subtle wit of HNers.
As regards FB, is it a utility or a medium? If it is a medium then they exercise editorial control over the content on their platform and are liable for said content; if it is a utility then they should not censor any content (which they totally do – be it timeline manipulation or shadow-banning or deplatforming). Tech companies want it every which way – they want to behave like a utility but also censor (and monetize) content. Whatever they (FB, Twitter, YouTube, et. al.) are, they're leading an ad-fueled muddled existence. I really think we need anti-trust legislation to chop them into pieces and reboot with some much needed global competition. What we need is effectively an ITU‡ (which was founded in 1865 btw) for the 21st century.
In the times we are in, one cannot separate politics from tech, have to really reconsider whether to continue using HN since I strongly believe we in the tech community should have more not less discussion about such issues.
Why can't HN be a place were we nerd out over new frameworks but engage in partisan political discussion over the impact of what we build?
Many politicized topics appear on HN. That's inevitable and it's fine. The problem is that people start doing political battle in the threads: flaming each other, bashing their enemies, and so on. That turns the threads into flamewars, which are aptly named because, like fire, they consume everything. We can't allow that; it would destroy HN's mandate, i.e. the gratification of intellectual curiosity. So we have to moderate. The values by which we do that are at https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html.
The goal isn't to eliminate political discussion from HN, but to prevent the community from destroying itself. One reason people want to have political discussion here is that HN hasn't already destroyed itself for thoughtful, substantive conversation. This attraction makes it particularly vulnerable, so we all have to be careful. It's ok to comment on politics, but not ok to do it in the usual browbeating way.
Yes we can separate it. You've just likely never personally dealt with someone in a high US office that you've disagreed with so you're venting on every outlet available to you.
yeah, this is the rather basic flaw in what lots of people, including on HN, are proposing:
They seem to demand a sort of proof from first principle for journalism, where every reader can (and must!) verify an article without any heuristics such as a medium's track record ("Argument from Authority!", they will complain, "FALLACY!").
Yet such a system is simply impossible. In practice, because nobody would ever have the time & energy to verify any meaningful fraction of the information they consume. But even in theory, there just aren't any methods to distribute "proof": you could be an eyewitness, which doesn't scale. You could inspect original documents, which also doesn't scale, and where almost nobody has the expertise to actually verify them. Oh, and then there are distributed ledgers, which could help around the margins but nobody knows how (Bitcoin, incidentally, is the outgrow of exactly the same mechanism, only for the financial system: the breakdown of trust in institutions such as the law or the FED, and the attempt to replace it with technology).
One of many incarnations of this dynamic the widespread criticism of the use of anonymous sources. And while the practice does have its problems, it's almost universally misunderstood by those criticising it today.
When journalists use anonymous sources, they substitute their own reputation, and that of their publication, for the source's. Which is why, when you go back and read articles from a year or so ago, you'll find that each and every single anonymously reported fact has actually been proven correct, or remains unknown. The system works (worked), because everyone in it is playing the long game.
But that would require trust. And people today aren't just distrustful. They completely deny the utility of the concept. They try to evaluate all information with complete disregard for the source (and fail). They assume equivalence between anonymous internet commentators and institutions such as universities, newspapers, or established politicians, without even noticing how this conflicts with their criticism of anonymity as described above.
This mindset is related to a perversion of the scientific method, one that denies the usefulness of all emotion, of the social sciences, and of all human relationships. It's perverse because even its proponents entirely fail to live by it: if you're more willing to let your spouse borrow you car than just any stranger, you're using the very same mechanisms (familiarity, the game theory of long-term relationships, reputation) that you otherwise reject.
So that's a long-winded way to say: these fact-checkers are supposedly different than whoever posted the material in question. You, and everyone else, can observe them over time, and they will have a reputation to defend. They will presumably also be recruited from the set of people and institutions that are established as trustworthy, at least among the minority that still believes in such a thing might actually exist.
Pretty soon you need to ask the question "what is truth?"
Third party fact checkers seems like the best possible thing that could be in that box. It's not perfect, but there has never been a perfect system to determine truth so waiting until there is one is counterproductive. You do the best with the tools you have available.
"It depends upon what the meaning of the word 'is' is. If the—if he—if 'is' means is and never has been, that is not—that is one thing. If it means there is none, that was a completely true statement"
I'm curious how Facebook will distinguish between a fake news and a sci-fi essay I just posted on my blog.
I'm guessing I'll be having close to zero visitors on my sci-fi blog.
It's smart to go public with this. There is established research in this area and a trove of algorithms for measuring trust. Even if it's as simple as lowering a user's trust ranking after false reports - when applied across a dataset as large as FB's it's going to be somewhat accurate.
The article goes on to suggest this is just one of a range of heuristics use to determine trustworthiness. I can imagine all kinds of profile interactions that would be be good indicators of this.
I don't understand why the big players such as Facebook and Google keeps insisting on using (appeals to) authority as a proxy to truth, when we have rules and systems for critical thinking.
It seems to me that if the claims and stories in question could be re-posed (e.g. as falsifiable, logically coherent statements or arguments) the worst of "fake news" could be weeded out.
The rest (and biases, etc.) would likely have to be left as an exercise for the (critical) reader.
Sure, but what they do is really a "non-action" – as the entire premise is built upon a logical fallacy it can't guarantee truth, won't end the problem, and can (obviously) be gamed.
The tools and systems we have around critical thinking and logical statements are nowhere near sufficient to solve the problem let alone computer. Give it a try you'll never get people to agree what the logical consistent statement best represents an article.
Google and Facebook want to have their cake and eat it too: billions of users without having millions of customer service workers.
What they're trying to accomplish, to my mind at least, would require the invention of general AI. Automatic content moderation sounds very close to a Turing test to me.
>some users began falsely reporting items as untrue, a new twist on information warfare for which it had to account
"new",
> But how these new credibility systems work is highly opaque, and the companies are wary of discussing them, in part because doing so might invite further gaming — a predicament that the firms increasingly find themselves in as they weigh calls for more transparency around their decision-making.
Fractal stupidity - this is the term for this situation
You build better systems, which dont ACTUALLY capture the core bad behavior.
Users figure out the edges of said system, and start finding newer ways to slip through the gaps.
Now you need a new system.
Repeat till the history of the system looks like a pullitzer prize winning Kafka novel.
1. How do we know FB will assign the scores fairly and objectively? We don't, of course, but is there any legal requirement or protection for users?
2. How is it like the Chinese government's social credit score? Right now Facebook says it's used for filtering user reports, but if FB becomes confident in it, what else might it be used for? Will they sell the score to advertisers and vendors so that they can filter customers? To credit score companies? To insurance companies and potential employers? Will it be used to 'nudge' mass behavior in certain directions? Is there anything preventing FB from doing those things?
3. As usual it's the powerful (FB, potentially their advertisers and other partners) who have information about ordinary people (FB users). Isn't it more important that ordinary people have trust information on the powerful? What is Mark Zuckerberg's trust score? Google's? Elon Musk's? Various politicians?
4. According to the article, FB isn't releasing the algorithm because it would enable users to game it (in fairness, I don't remember if FB said that or someone else). But those with resources and motivation, such as the high-end propagandists, will learn how to game it anyway, which can have at least two consequences: 1) Propaganda may become harder to identify, and 2) power will be even more concentrated in the hands of the few - FB, their partners, and those who can game the system.
5. As seems the norm for tech, the users have very little agency (other than to try to please the system); they are objects of technology and of those who control it. It bears repeating that we've come a long way from the world of free-as-in-speech systems and the idea that the goal is end-user control. In another context, an article posted to HN paraphrased Alan Kay as asking, 'Should the computer program the kid or should the kid program the computer?' [0] I think our society has answered that question for the present.
By "agree with the content", the author clearly doesn't means "believe that the content is factually incorrect", rather that they disagree with the viewpoint expressed in the story.
And I'm certain a story that touches on any controversial issue would be more likely to get flagged as false, regardless of whether the content is factual.
> By "agree with the content", the author clearly doesn't means "believe that the content is factually incorrect"
I disagree that that is obvious, and, moreover, I would disagree with the idea that the author would have any way of telling whether someone flagging merely disagreed with some aspect of the viewpoint/presentation outside of the base facts or disagreed with both the viewpoint and the fact claims, seeing the latter as misrepresented to serve the former. Further, it's virtually impossible to cleanly separate disagreement on viewpoint from disagreement over facts, because the two mutually interact (particularly viewpoints not only shape perception of facts but also perceptions of the; relative importance of facts.)
For instance, there is a story right now circulating in even fairly mainstream, especially conservative, media (notably including Fox News) and being widely shared on social media alleging that a proposed California law would ban restaurants from serving children any drinks except the two choices of milk and water. This story is invariably couches in a lot of viewpoint around crazy nanny state liberals and other conservative stereotypes of California. It is very likely that lots of people would disagree strongly with the viewpoint of the story.
But the actual proposal, as one discovers with a few minutes of research, (1) doesn't limit what restaurants can offer to children (it limits “default drink options” for children's meal combos) and the limitation it proposes isn't to just milk and water (it includes milk, water, flavored water, and nondairy milk alternatives). It is, in other words, factually false in several dimensions.
Now, if one agrees with the viewpoint, one may be more likely to dismiss those factual errors, even if you are aware of them, as minor and tangential. If one disagrees with the viewpoint, one is likely more inclined to see them as significant and central and indicative of a deliberate distortion to push an agenda.
Maybe I’m overly pessimistic about how people collectively behave.
But seriously, imagine an article posted on Facebook stating that Planned Parenthood sells body parts of aborted fetuses (or something similarly likely to elicit reactions). Obviously, that's either factual or it’s not. Yet I'm certain that if Facebook users had the ability to vote on whether the story is true of false, they would vote based on personal beliefs, not on what they would find by fact-checking the story.
Likewise, for anything else that in any way touched on an inflammatory issue. Do you actually think otherwise?
Sure, but unless people actually work at PP or carry out their own individual on-site investigation, their knowledge of the fact is going to be based on what third-party sources they trust (including those acting as fact checkers), which is tightly correlated with viewpoint.
> Facebook users had the ability to vote on whether the story is true of false, they would vote based on personal beliefs, not on what they would find by fact-checking the story.
They'd probably vote based on their beliefs about the facts, which would often include checking with sources they trust on facts. Of course, those beliefs—and where fact checking is involved, the set of trusted sources—will be strongly correlated with their beliefs about abortion.
The ivory tower ideal of a clean separation between how people address fact claims and the value system in which they give significance to facts, where you could then isolate which process was involved in a decision excluding the other, is, while convenient, not at all a reflection of reality.
> their knowledge of the fact is going to be based on what third-party sources they trust (including those acting as fact checkers), which is tightly correlated with viewpoint.
But that's true of nearly everything.
On anything controversial, users will generally vote based on what they like to believe, and such a system of ranking news stories or posters of news stories would never be reliable.
Yes, that's my whole point: the claim made that users flag content bases on ideology rather than factual disagreement is essentially impossible to be justified, since perception of facts and ideological viewpoints are deeply intertwined.
I don't disagree, but I'm sure that users will also flag stories as false that are most likely true, but that don't reflect well on their side of an issue.
> carry out their own individual on-site investigation
This is the crux of the whole issue. Everyone's talking about "facts" but should be talking about "proof". We would need a vouching system where only people who possess evidence or can otherwise demonstrate proof will even have their vote counted. Who watches the watchman yada yada. The whole thing is an impossible feat. The best we as content consumers can do is only trust that which is created by trusted hardware (i.e., is actual live action video and not CGI) rather than that which is created by journalists or reporters of any reputation whatsoever.
I am tempted to paraphrase the Elephant man, "I am not a sigmoid function, I am a human being!" in response to that headline :-)
That said, I think it is great that they are trying to characterize this sort of thing. The second law of institutions is that every process must require more people to execute than can conspire without being detected[1]. But relying so much on humans in one way or another is going to gum it up. My mom for example, a certified human, would always flag anything that offended her belief system as 'fake news.' Fact checking is fine but it is important to understand that conspiracy folks actually believe what they are saying is true, regardless of any facts presented that contradict their world view. I have always attributed that to an internally rooted desire to "need" it to be true, either for their own self image or their own conscience.
[1] No, I just made that up. But the kernel is true, if you have a system that is being gamed you have to build a defense that cannot itself be gamed.
> The second law of institutions is that every process must require more people to execute than can conspire without being detected[1]
> [1] No, I just made that up.
You didn't, actually. This is the Byzantine Generals problems as described by Leslie Lamport back in 1982. It is huge in fault tolerance for distributed systems.
You are correct, the origin of that principal is in Lamport's paper (which is one of my favorites by the way).
Where I was coming from was that there aren't, as far as I know, a codified set of rules for creating a stable institution. I was thinking that someone would say "there is no such thing" and ignore the advice so in my footnote I pointed out the the basic idea was in fact quite sound. I probably should have referenced the paper as well but assumed most people would already know about it.
Is this an issue that relates to data rights? Who gave facebook the right to slice and dice my usage habits into a social model? What data relationships does facebook rely on to aggregate the signals into their prediction algorithm? Does Alphabet have any agreement or contract pertaining to data exchange? Does facebook rely on their billions of listening nodes, the social sharing button on most every website you visit, to incorporate your web browsing habits into the social trust score? Alphabet and facebook worked together in China to build the Chinese Social Credit Score. Is this the prelude to the US version?
I'm going to guess that a lot of truly trustworthy right leaning people are going to get worse scores than they should because they don't believe in the left wing dominate media's narratives.
Is there such a thing as a perfect algorithm where you can publish it and trying to "game" is nearly impossible?
In this context, a "perfect" algorithm would be one where someone trying to "game" the system would essentially be forced to post only true content to achieve a near perfect score?
I hope one factor in their scoring involves number of cases where someone reports factually accurate content as false on numerous occasions or does the same for opinion-based content. Of course, that then requires a means for validating the content as opinion or fact-checking, but they're already heading down that path.
196 comments
[ 3.4 ms ] story [ 208 ms ] threadWhat impact on physical and mental health does it have to sit around checking different screens for InstaFaceSnap or RedditTwitTube updates?
(Notices Bill's ghost profile's trustworthiness score go down, without any interaction from Bill at all. What exactly do we do about that? We in the US have no rights like this. The corps can do whatever they want, and maybe just maybe, a decent law will be passed to protect us. Or likely not.)
Edit: Useds was name given by Stallman from https://stallman.org/facebook.html .
Also, -1? Where am I being wrong? Are ghost profiles being dismissed, or trustworthiness? Or is it the fact I'm putting these things together?
Against what? A company rating their trust in our ability to use their resources? This happens on a daily basis with almost any company; it's just less formalized.
<GPS Location: Mistress' apartment>
trustworthiness_score -= 0.1
This certainly seems to fit.
Careful, you could get taken down for fake news doing this.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/2003/02/06/i...
https://www.wired.co.uk/article/china-social-credit
B. A private company scoring its users to combat spam, as all social networks do.
Also fantastic as a hiring screen.
Well, yes. Have they not learned from any of the preceding work on moderating?
The whole article sounds more like focusing on one implementation details of review queue prioritization (i.e. what is the difference of definition of "fake news" for this user vs Facebook's definition), rather than bigger picture.
Maybe the term isn’t as narrowly defined as your (former?) employer would like.
Edit: upon a bit more reflection, I do take for granted a desire to protect life and liberty (in that order), and anything that appears to threaten that view will draw special scrutiny, and potential abuse of reporting features.
"Fake" means "false", not "stuff I disagree with".
People will report any negative coverage of their favorite party/politician as biased, especially now that the current U.S. president hoists that banner every day.
One avenue would be to put those who report the same things as biased in cohorts, to be shown or not shown similar content.
That just reinforces the current self-silo effect we see, with people only seeing the point of view with which they agree.
In any case, the ratio of bias reports/views for content is likely to be inversely related to its value and general appeal.
That would mean that your number would be on the lower end, but that's not a reflection of your character. More likely it just means that whatever queue is set up for review will wait until more and higher-scoring individuals also flag the article before bumping it up the queue.
Funny how this article is something I would flag if I used your definition of fake news. To me this article is trying to allude to some nefarious Black Mirror nonsense.
Couldn't say it better.
There's still an aspect of this with which I'm unsatisfied, however. What's the character of leadership who would address misuse of the feature by devising weights intended to devalue the opinions of large swaths of their engaged user base? Significant numbers of people are expressing a sentiment through their alleged abuse of the feature, and instead of trying to channel that constructively, the company is devising ways to ignore it.
What's the character of leadership who would unjustly silence group A just because significant numbers of people are expressing sentiment to silence group A? Not sure if not doing what they are doing is actually better.
On another note:
This is not necessarily abuse. Even with no abuse, you can have different definition of fake news, than FB have. In such case, you report, someone at FB reviews, and nothing happens. Having weight on you does not change this. The "leadership" is "ignoring you" in a same way as before. Apart from the fact that it's not "ignoring you". They just have different opinion than you.
Note: I used "you" but I don't think that you necessarily have different definition than FB, if was just more convenient to formulate it this way.
I subscribed to a lot of contradictory crap on facebook after hearing about their data mining (Fox News plus Huffington Post, Obama as well as Trump). Its actually a lot more interesting seeing how both sides try to manipulate the truth.
This happens on HN so it's going to happen in userland for sure!
Some people view a like as a personal read receipt
Some people view a like as a broadcasting to their friends/network that they saw it
Some people view a like as consent to the message
Some people view a like as liking the message
The most extreme of those benign actions are the ones making its way into public policy.
So it isn't surprising to me that a moderator also had no clue what people do.
This seems like a "the road to hell is paved with good intentions" kind of thing. On one hand, I understand not wanting to forward every single story when a troll is mass-reporting, on the other hand though, this seems like a very 1984 approach that like all algorithms is horrendously naive.
Any closed group is likely to have a skewed sense of reality. On one hand, third party fact checkers are hopefully true to their title, but on the other hand, they could just be adding their own bias to the decisions with no oversight in a way that affects users going forward.
Add in no ability to appeal and no visibility into the system, and you have a closed system ripe for abuse.
Good job Facebook, you have learned nothing.
This is the part that stood out to me.
It's allows Facebook to tell lawmakers and the public "Hey, look! We're taking things seriously!"
Until something goes wrong. Then they can lay the blame on someone else and issue another non-apology apology saying, "We can do better."
Is it the third-party aspect that you take issue with, or the fact-checking? Or the combination of the two?
I'd say contrary - that would be so wrong for FB to verify facts in-house. This way they are more transparent
While this is literally true, it's not clear to me that it's a relevant metaphor for online communities.
Not attempting to the arbiter of truth and falsehood would be one.
Or reporting on what users think of a story's truthfulness: "49% rate this story as true, 21% rate it as untrue".
Or, if they want to be honest, acknowledging that it is about policing taboo thoughts. "Smith, 4980203 Winston. This article is crimethink! Warning: If you read too many articles like it your Citizen Credit Score will be downgraded. You have been warned!". OK, maybe they won't go for that :-)
Think of something like Pizzagate - the fact that the restaurant in question didn't have a basement belied the assertions that bad things were happening in said basement. Any article or comment that passed on that provable lie should be flagged as a lie.
Sure, there are grey areas beyond that. Those are opinions, and should be separable from facts.
Sure, but for most contentious political issues, this is not the case.
Truth and falsehood are absolute for pretty much all fact claims.
Whether they can easily by determined is another story.
> Think of something like Pizzagate - the fact that the restaurant in question didn't have a basement belied the assertions that bad things were happening in said basement.
Sure, but suppose (they weren't, by for sake of illustrating the problem) bad things were happening in, say, a attached a controlled by the owners of the restaurant, but somehiw as the story got out and before it was fixed in text, it was distorted so that it referred to a non-existent basement instead. Would actively suppressing the story because of the impossible location described really be in the public interest?
Sure, in strict terms any single factual error in the most involved story makes the story false. But, most accounts will accumulate some false elements in a complex story: there has to be consideration of importance and materiality.
Valve also does something similar with their anti-cheat system called overwatch. A machine learning system selects which replays are most likely to result in a conviction, then those replays are shown to human peer-reviewers who must come to a consensus on whether the replay shows cheating or not. The pre-selection stage greatly increases the efficiency of the system.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_Credit_System
There's absolutely nothing nefarious about remembering previous interactions you had with someone. In fact it's impossible not to do so.
The problem with China is how it tears down the natural separation between different spheres of your life, how all-encompassing their panopticum can become because it has access to any data source it desires, and that the issues it engages with all seem to be of the this-doesn't-concern-you-and-nobody-is-actually-harmed variety, such as peoples' porn consumption or eating habits.
I would even argue against that. I find it hard to believe facebook has good intentions with this.
Remember, Mr. Zuckerberg is alleged to have called Mr. Trump the night of the election to congratulate him.
Let’s stop pretending like the tech industry is full of good intentioned people making an “oops”
Anyone who goes out of their way to congratulate Trump is not someone who sympathizes with the population as whole, and find it impossible to believe Zuckerberg has good intentions in how he makes major business decisions because of this.
And it's not going out of your way, it's 5 minutes of someone's time.
How can one have good intentions serving a very diverse audience on their global platform when they congratulate someone blatantly full of hate for so many broad categories of humans?
One _cannot_ in _any way_ infer a lack of good intentions from a single alleged phone call.
Besides, if I were a titan of industry I would do my best to call whoever the hell got elected president the night of the election regardless of my particular party affiliation. Especially considering most corporations lobby both of the main political parties to hedge their bets.
I imagine hardly any corporation lets ideology trump pragmatism – partisan individuals (we do not need to name names) notwithstanding.
For the love of all that is holy, can we please please focus on tech and policy and put identity politics and tribal politics to one side on HN? Please?
For racial and sexual minorities, in the current US climate especially, it's hard to avoid "identity politics" when you have literal mobs with torches yelling for your head. And likewise it's hard to not feel a bit betrayed (even if that's completely irrational) when corporations ignore this for the sake of maintaining good relations for profit.
Are you concerned changing cultural tides will put you on the wrong side of history? Or is it more of an existential angst about privilege? I think we're in agreement that current trends are very serious, although it appears for opposite reasons.
My initial comment called for less of this kind of thing on HN but it seems that some of use here will always be at pains to show the rest of the world how on the correct side of history we are. How tedious. What this has got to do with Facebook's trustworthiness score machinery I do not know.
This article posted is immensely relevant for the intersection of tech and political discourse, and in such cases, I would personally prefer to see more discussion on HN.
If the article is about new advances in Golang, sure, I'd hate to see talk of politics in threads.
The US has become bipolar, the Media has become hysterical, using war propaganda to infer the worst intentions and personal qualities to the adversaries, instead of using Truth using prejudices, condemning people without evidence or counsel for the defense.
I don't have a problem with a phone call though. Although I would not have done it personally.
It explains the electoral system problems: http://www.fairvote.org/problems and a couple of possible solutions: http://www.fairvote.org/solutions
It sounds like a low-tech solution but maybe "ranked choice voting" (a.k.a. proportional representation?) could shift the needle?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_electoral_systems_by_c...
Case in point: https://www.google.com/search?q=majority+of+Americans+single...
The majority of Americans support single payer healthcare! Coincidentally (except it's not a coincidence at all) out of OECD countries the U.S. has the most amount of completely uninsured citizens (about 1 in 10!): https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=HEALTH_PROT but also pays on average more than anywhere else: http://www.oecd.org/els/health-systems/graph-of-the-month.ht... including this nugget: “Of all the OECD member states, only in the United States does voluntary health insurance and private funding such as households’ out-of-pocket payments account for more than 50% of the total”
When you realize that what the average person desires in the U.S. makes statistically zero difference on what laws get passed† it's little wonder that many have stopped voting.
And yet, what do the rest of us have to listen to on HN? Partisan bickering and identity politics. Spare us please.
† https://www.businessinsider.com/major-study-finds-that-the-u...
Some additional data from the insurance side of things is that about 5% of patients account for about 50% of health care expenses and about 1% of patients account for about 25% of expenses. This is not something to primarily solve for, but it is something the insurance industry must account for.
Solving even for the some of the most basic cost insecurities of health care is hard, because some side of the industry always benefits from a particular angle of each inefficiency. You have to be willing to financially harm a large segment of that industry to make it better for everybody else. Realizing this each segment of that industry (all industries) will maximize identity politics and team identity as necessary to ensure the survival of their collective business interests.
"can we please please focus on tech and policy and put identity politics and tribal politics to one side on HN?"
It's amusing that you start off by establishing your own identity(European) and then ask others to stop engaging in identity politics.
What I am trying to do is to say that from a neutral perspective the politicking here is reaching a toxic level. It distracts from the real issues of giant monopolistic tech companies and other such real social ills. You think it's amusing, I think it's downright depressing that I should have to wave a white flag.
I agree with you but I also think given the prominent role FB had in the last US election and the uncertainty of its potential role in the upcoming election its ensures that peoples's emotions on the subject tend to run hot. Cheers.
As regards FB, is it a utility or a medium? If it is a medium then they exercise editorial control over the content on their platform and are liable for said content; if it is a utility then they should not censor any content (which they totally do – be it timeline manipulation or shadow-banning or deplatforming). Tech companies want it every which way – they want to behave like a utility but also censor (and monetize) content. Whatever they (FB, Twitter, YouTube, et. al.) are, they're leading an ad-fueled muddled existence. I really think we need anti-trust legislation to chop them into pieces and reboot with some much needed global competition. What we need is effectively an ITU‡ (which was founded in 1865 btw) for the 21st century.
‡ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Telecommunicatio...
I'm assuming this is the question of are they a publisher or a platform? They seem to want to be both depending on the context and who is asking:
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/jul/02/facebook-...
https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
Why can't HN be a place were we nerd out over new frameworks but engage in partisan political discussion over the impact of what we build?
The goal isn't to eliminate political discussion from HN, but to prevent the community from destroying itself. One reason people want to have political discussion here is that HN hasn't already destroyed itself for thoughtful, substantive conversation. This attraction makes it particularly vulnerable, so we all have to be careful. It's ok to comment on politics, but not ok to do it in the usual browbeating way.
Seems like infinite regress and turtles all the way down to me. Who fact checks the fact checkers?
They seem to demand a sort of proof from first principle for journalism, where every reader can (and must!) verify an article without any heuristics such as a medium's track record ("Argument from Authority!", they will complain, "FALLACY!").
Yet such a system is simply impossible. In practice, because nobody would ever have the time & energy to verify any meaningful fraction of the information they consume. But even in theory, there just aren't any methods to distribute "proof": you could be an eyewitness, which doesn't scale. You could inspect original documents, which also doesn't scale, and where almost nobody has the expertise to actually verify them. Oh, and then there are distributed ledgers, which could help around the margins but nobody knows how (Bitcoin, incidentally, is the outgrow of exactly the same mechanism, only for the financial system: the breakdown of trust in institutions such as the law or the FED, and the attempt to replace it with technology).
One of many incarnations of this dynamic the widespread criticism of the use of anonymous sources. And while the practice does have its problems, it's almost universally misunderstood by those criticising it today.
When journalists use anonymous sources, they substitute their own reputation, and that of their publication, for the source's. Which is why, when you go back and read articles from a year or so ago, you'll find that each and every single anonymously reported fact has actually been proven correct, or remains unknown. The system works (worked), because everyone in it is playing the long game.
But that would require trust. And people today aren't just distrustful. They completely deny the utility of the concept. They try to evaluate all information with complete disregard for the source (and fail). They assume equivalence between anonymous internet commentators and institutions such as universities, newspapers, or established politicians, without even noticing how this conflicts with their criticism of anonymity as described above.
This mindset is related to a perversion of the scientific method, one that denies the usefulness of all emotion, of the social sciences, and of all human relationships. It's perverse because even its proponents entirely fail to live by it: if you're more willing to let your spouse borrow you car than just any stranger, you're using the very same mechanisms (familiarity, the game theory of long-term relationships, reputation) that you otherwise reject.
So that's a long-winded way to say: these fact-checkers are supposedly different than whoever posted the material in question. You, and everyone else, can observe them over time, and they will have a reputation to defend. They will presumably also be recruited from the set of people and institutions that are established as trustworthy, at least among the minority that still believes in such a thing might actually exist.
Third party fact checkers seems like the best possible thing that could be in that box. It's not perfect, but there has never been a perfect system to determine truth so waiting until there is one is counterproductive. You do the best with the tools you have available.
https://web.archive.org/web/20180821143120/https://www.washi...
As my Linear Algebra prof used to say - deep down, everything is just linear algebra...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PageRank
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EigenTrust
The article goes on to suggest this is just one of a range of heuristics use to determine trustworthiness. I can imagine all kinds of profile interactions that would be be good indicators of this.
It seems to me that if the claims and stories in question could be re-posed (e.g. as falsifiable, logically coherent statements or arguments) the worst of "fake news" could be weeded out.
The rest (and biases, etc.) would likely have to be left as an exercise for the (critical) reader.
What they're trying to accomplish, to my mind at least, would require the invention of general AI. Automatic content moderation sounds very close to a Turing test to me.
"new",
> But how these new credibility systems work is highly opaque, and the companies are wary of discussing them, in part because doing so might invite further gaming — a predicament that the firms increasingly find themselves in as they weigh calls for more transparency around their decision-making.
Fractal stupidity - this is the term for this situation
You build better systems, which dont ACTUALLY capture the core bad behavior.
Users figure out the edges of said system, and start finding newer ways to slip through the gaps.
Now you need a new system.
Repeat till the history of the system looks like a pullitzer prize winning Kafka novel.
a normalized statistical value is generated for a particular user's willingness to share fake news
after reading the article:
a normalized statistical value is generated for a particular user's willingness to report news they disagree with.
yeah, nothing to see here..... :-/
I'll write a note to the journalist, hopefully they can elide or contextualize this kind of thing in further articles.
1. How do we know FB will assign the scores fairly and objectively? We don't, of course, but is there any legal requirement or protection for users?
2. How is it like the Chinese government's social credit score? Right now Facebook says it's used for filtering user reports, but if FB becomes confident in it, what else might it be used for? Will they sell the score to advertisers and vendors so that they can filter customers? To credit score companies? To insurance companies and potential employers? Will it be used to 'nudge' mass behavior in certain directions? Is there anything preventing FB from doing those things?
3. As usual it's the powerful (FB, potentially their advertisers and other partners) who have information about ordinary people (FB users). Isn't it more important that ordinary people have trust information on the powerful? What is Mark Zuckerberg's trust score? Google's? Elon Musk's? Various politicians?
4. According to the article, FB isn't releasing the algorithm because it would enable users to game it (in fairness, I don't remember if FB said that or someone else). But those with resources and motivation, such as the high-end propagandists, will learn how to game it anyway, which can have at least two consequences: 1) Propaganda may become harder to identify, and 2) power will be even more concentrated in the hands of the few - FB, their partners, and those who can game the system.
5. As seems the norm for tech, the users have very little agency (other than to try to please the system); they are objects of technology and of those who control it. It bears repeating that we've come a long way from the world of free-as-in-speech systems and the idea that the goal is end-user control. In another context, an article posted to HN paraphrased Alan Kay as asking, 'Should the computer program the kid or should the kid program the computer?' [0] I think our society has answered that question for the present.
[0] http://wheels.org/spacewar/stone/rolling_stone.html
So, people report posts as false when they do not agree that they are true?
I'm struggling to understand how that is a surprise, or what other possible thing you could expect. That's literally exactly what “false” means.
I disagree that that is obvious, and, moreover, I would disagree with the idea that the author would have any way of telling whether someone flagging merely disagreed with some aspect of the viewpoint/presentation outside of the base facts or disagreed with both the viewpoint and the fact claims, seeing the latter as misrepresented to serve the former. Further, it's virtually impossible to cleanly separate disagreement on viewpoint from disagreement over facts, because the two mutually interact (particularly viewpoints not only shape perception of facts but also perceptions of the; relative importance of facts.)
For instance, there is a story right now circulating in even fairly mainstream, especially conservative, media (notably including Fox News) and being widely shared on social media alleging that a proposed California law would ban restaurants from serving children any drinks except the two choices of milk and water. This story is invariably couches in a lot of viewpoint around crazy nanny state liberals and other conservative stereotypes of California. It is very likely that lots of people would disagree strongly with the viewpoint of the story.
But the actual proposal, as one discovers with a few minutes of research, (1) doesn't limit what restaurants can offer to children (it limits “default drink options” for children's meal combos) and the limitation it proposes isn't to just milk and water (it includes milk, water, flavored water, and nondairy milk alternatives). It is, in other words, factually false in several dimensions.
Now, if one agrees with the viewpoint, one may be more likely to dismiss those factual errors, even if you are aware of them, as minor and tangential. If one disagrees with the viewpoint, one is likely more inclined to see them as significant and central and indicative of a deliberate distortion to push an agenda.
But seriously, imagine an article posted on Facebook stating that Planned Parenthood sells body parts of aborted fetuses (or something similarly likely to elicit reactions). Obviously, that's either factual or it’s not. Yet I'm certain that if Facebook users had the ability to vote on whether the story is true of false, they would vote based on personal beliefs, not on what they would find by fact-checking the story.
Likewise, for anything else that in any way touched on an inflammatory issue. Do you actually think otherwise?
Sure, but unless people actually work at PP or carry out their own individual on-site investigation, their knowledge of the fact is going to be based on what third-party sources they trust (including those acting as fact checkers), which is tightly correlated with viewpoint.
> Facebook users had the ability to vote on whether the story is true of false, they would vote based on personal beliefs, not on what they would find by fact-checking the story.
They'd probably vote based on their beliefs about the facts, which would often include checking with sources they trust on facts. Of course, those beliefs—and where fact checking is involved, the set of trusted sources—will be strongly correlated with their beliefs about abortion.
The ivory tower ideal of a clean separation between how people address fact claims and the value system in which they give significance to facts, where you could then isolate which process was involved in a decision excluding the other, is, while convenient, not at all a reflection of reality.
But that's true of nearly everything.
On anything controversial, users will generally vote based on what they like to believe, and such a system of ranking news stories or posters of news stories would never be reliable.
Yes, that's my whole point: the claim made that users flag content bases on ideology rather than factual disagreement is essentially impossible to be justified, since perception of facts and ideological viewpoints are deeply intertwined.
This is the crux of the whole issue. Everyone's talking about "facts" but should be talking about "proof". We would need a vouching system where only people who possess evidence or can otherwise demonstrate proof will even have their vote counted. Who watches the watchman yada yada. The whole thing is an impossible feat. The best we as content consumers can do is only trust that which is created by trusted hardware (i.e., is actual live action video and not CGI) rather than that which is created by journalists or reporters of any reputation whatsoever.
That said, I think it is great that they are trying to characterize this sort of thing. The second law of institutions is that every process must require more people to execute than can conspire without being detected[1]. But relying so much on humans in one way or another is going to gum it up. My mom for example, a certified human, would always flag anything that offended her belief system as 'fake news.' Fact checking is fine but it is important to understand that conspiracy folks actually believe what they are saying is true, regardless of any facts presented that contradict their world view. I have always attributed that to an internally rooted desire to "need" it to be true, either for their own self image or their own conscience.
[1] No, I just made that up. But the kernel is true, if you have a system that is being gamed you have to build a defense that cannot itself be gamed.
I guess, except without transparency and accountability, this will give more power to those gaming the system
Step 1 - let users report posts that are false
Step 2 - human fact checkers investigate user reports
Step 3 - rely more on users who report posts as false that really are false, and less on users who report posts as false that really are true
Step 4 - repeat step 3 but for the fact checkers themselves
Step 5 - train an ML model to automate more of the fact checking work
> [1] No, I just made that up.
You didn't, actually. This is the Byzantine Generals problems as described by Leslie Lamport back in 1982. It is huge in fault tolerance for distributed systems.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_fault_tolerance#Byza...
Where I was coming from was that there aren't, as far as I know, a codified set of rules for creating a stable institution. I was thinking that someone would say "there is no such thing" and ignore the advice so in my footnote I pointed out the the basic idea was in fact quite sound. I probably should have referenced the paper as well but assumed most people would already know about it.
Like what?
In this context, a "perfect" algorithm would be one where someone trying to "game" the system would essentially be forced to post only true content to achieve a near perfect score?
I hope one factor in their scoring involves number of cases where someone reports factually accurate content as false on numerous occasions or does the same for opinion-based content. Of course, that then requires a means for validating the content as opinion or fact-checking, but they're already heading down that path.
I think we can all agree that the secret algorithm is going to be in the social signalling - job status, who you know, where you live.
Make everyone's rating public and you're there, or worse make it available to whoever pays.