Ask HN: Is anyone else genuinely scared that this is the start of WW3?

159 points by azalemeth ↗ HN
Russia has invaded Ukraine, and four days on I feel powerless to both do anything (in a country that is neither of those two!) and to look away from the news and social media coverage of it. It's an abhorrent waste of human life.

News and reports today of Russian ICBMs and other nuclear forces being placed on high alert (and moved further towards the west of the country) [1] frankly scares me. While some observers think that this is "overplaying" his hand [2] I know that all of this is deeply concerning. The world does _not_ need another cuban missile crisis; it also does _not_ need to vanish in a pile of radioactive smoke.

I live in Europe. My father sent me a message to essentially ask if I'd had a thought about where my nearest "shelter" would be -- and I had. My partner's family have too. It feels awful, but I can't concentrate effectively -- I'm glued to the news and I need to put it down, convince myself that the world won't end tomorrow, and get back to work.

Am I the only person affected similarly by events? How else have you been coping with it all?

[1] https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/27/vladimir-putin-puts-russia-nuclear-deterrence-forces-on-high-alert-ukraine

[2] https://www.veteranstoday.com/2022/02/25/is-putin-overplaying-his-hand-by-moving-icbms-into-western-russia/

360 comments

[ 2.8 ms ] story [ 273 ms ] thread
There will be a coup in Russia before the nukes fly
That's what I've been wondering. If this drags on for too long and becomes too costly for the Russians, what are the odds that Putin gets rolled?
Good question. I wonder what discussions are had in his inner circle when he is absent. It requires someone with guts and means.

It took several years before there was a serious attempt at Hitler. On the other hand, those closer to him may have seen it coming for longer than we have.

we have been here before, a number of times, what we really need to pay attention to is how much putin has to lose. if he has nothing left then he is free to act impulsively inline with whatever his moral standing may be.

if he has some skin in the game then he will hesitate to play mumblty-peg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumblety-peg

I don't know how much absolute power Putin has. Can he successfully launch a first strike attack? Would his circle and the chain of command follow the order promptly or is there a decent chance of a coup? I'd assume that at least some powerful oligarchs wouldn't be in favor of a nuclear war.
They probably can’t even find the keys to their missiles in the first place.

“Damn it, they’re supposed to be on the hook next to the fridge - I told you never to move those!”

“Did you check the junk drawer honey? What about in the garage with your fishing stuff?”

In the USSR era, the Premier did not have the authority to start a nuclear war. That required either the permission of the Politburo or the detection of the destruction of Moscow with nuclear weapons.

The USSR, post-Stalin, tried to avoid giving the Premier unlimited power. They'd had that with Stalin, and it didn't end well. That may not have persisted into the Putin era.

So you still see Putin as a rational person?

I wish I could see reasons to think like that. All I can see is a psychopathic megalomaniac.

Everyone is rational from their own perspective. Putin doesn't see this as a world conflict, he sees it as Russia against the West.
i see putin as a person that has motivations. the quality or origin of those motivations are instrumental.

i am assuming he is motivated to not die; im assuming that he must feel as if others believe he is powerful.

i am assuming that if he cant actualize these motivations, or enjoy the spoils of his efforts, he will lash out irrationally.

I'm glued to the news and I need to put it down, convince myself that the world won't end tomorrow, and get back to work.

I don't believe you need to convince yourself of anything other than one should not stress over things they can not control. If ICBM's are the eventuality then survivors will all have to adapt, improvise and overcome as best they can. That would affect everyone and you would not be alone.

In my opinion people should only concern themselves with that which they can control like building up a supply of water, food, hygiene products, medical supplies, armaments, portable battery/solar backup, sleeping bags, blankets, fuel, cash, LED lighting and some good books. Help your family do the same. Create contingency plans with your family ahead of time and store important documents and family heirlooms somewhere safe. That can keep the mind occupied doing something useful and create a feeling of accomplishment.

> I don't believe you need to convince yourself of anything other than one should not stress over things they can not control.

Anxiety is not a rational thing but I understand a rational response to expressed anxiety.

Same here, living in Berlin and the most frigthend signal was the move from Germany to up their budget for military operations. No one seems to recognize what a massive shift this is. Something you would just do if immediate and long-term danger is next door. Means, they see something which is definetely not in the news.

My partner is not from Germany and we are considering leaving the EU for now to sit this one out. At least go to a country where you can drive away and look for shelter in case of a radioactive blast.

It's difficult, since the few who forsee things stay alive, but if you actually prepare and nothing happens, you look dumb as fuck. I don't know what to do. If you don't have family and the means, look for a smaller EU island or maybe even the US or Canada for 6 months and work from there. At least there, you can find natural resources and water to survive.

Keep the MOEX tab open and see how hard Russia is getting hit in a few hours or all next week: https://tradingeconomics.com/russia/stock-market

With these sanctions, Putin might actually have nothing left but send a warning shot. He can't go back to his country, trying and maybe failed to invade a neighbour, just to return empty handed and with the stock market close to 0, inflation and the Rubel basically worthless.

EDIT: I think this goes into the wrong direction: https://www.euronews.com/2022/02/27/ukraine-is-one-of-us-and...

So Putin is so angry and feels threatend that he wants to overthrough Ukraine, and the answer is to make them a member of the EU? This screams like more aggressives answers from Putin. I personally expect a smaller nuclear warning shot over the ocean from Putin next week.

I think the reality is that where exactly you were when the nukes started flying wouldn't matter - you'd be very likely to die of starvation or other causes in the days and weeks afterwords unless you were already prepared with a clean source of water and stockpiled food in a remote location.

That said, I think it's extremely unlikely this will escalate to a nuclear exchange. Nobody wants that, and I think it's likelier that Putin is deposed before he (successfully) orders a nuclear launch. The rumor is that Putin has given the order to take Kyiv by the end of Monday, and that's going to involve use of artillery and rockets indiscriminately against an urban environment, resulting in tons of civilian deaths. The nuclear readiness alert is to signal to the west not to interfere even amidst the carnage.

> That said, I think it's extremely unlikely this will escalate to a nuclear exchange.

Tail risk is real. No one thought Trump would be president. No one saw the pandemic changing the world. No one thought there’d be conventional land war in Europe again. I hope nothing happens but I’ll withhold assigning likelihood for now.

I'm relying on the fact that even though Putin seems to be completely unhinged and detached from reality, the people responsible for keeping Russian nukes working and managing their launch aren't.
That depends on how the system is organized. If there is a briefcase with a large red button, and the people in the silos don't know whether the launch is real or training, Putin's decision is literally the only factor.
s/No one/most people/
> No one thought Trump would be president.

Anyone who thought through the whole thing saw it as obvious he was. Republicans were thinking Democrats were going to show up in droves. Democrats thought no one would vote for Trump, so why vote?

Russia could nuke some deserted island to show business without triggering a nuclear war.

I don't think they are desperate enought yet though? Supposedly they argue they are winning.

That would accomplish nothing other than making Russia even more of an international pariah than it already is. They don't need to demonstrate that they can use nuclear weapons if they want to - the world already knows that.
The launch would almost certainly trigger a nuclear war.

The most likely use that wouldn't is to employ tactical nukes in Ukraine itself. On the other hand what would that achieve? There's no logistic hub or massed armour formation.

Nuke Kiev and Lviv for unconditional surrender. Worked in WW2 for the US. Personally not sure if it would work this time.
Nuclear war is surprisingly survivable if you aren't unlucky and know what you're doing. See Nuclear War Survival Skills, a free PDF put out by Oak Ridge National Laboratory:

http://oism.org/nwss/nwss.pdf

Basically - you're only toast if you're within the fireball, radiation, and moderate blast damage radius. If you're inside the thermal radiation or light blast damage radius, you should immediately take shelter away from windows and face away from the flash, much as you would in an earthquake. Hiroshima is filled with anecdotes of people being vaporized and casting shadows on the wall behind them, while people in the next room over survived with only minor cuts and burns. You have about 5-20 seconds between seeing the flash and the blast wave getting to you; the thermal pulse itself can last for up to 40 seconds, so the less time you spend in it the less badly you'll be burned.

You can view the blast radius for common warheads on NukeMap:

https://nuclearsecrecy.com/nukemap/

Topol ICBMs are 800kt and Bulava SLBMs are 100-150kt; you can expect Russia to use SLBMs on strategic military targets and ICBMs on cities. A hypothetical attack on the Bay Area that targets SFO, OAK, Moffett, Alameda NAS, and the Port of Oakland with Bulavas and downtown San Francisco and San Jose with Topols would leave basically all of the East Bay intact, along with the Sunset/Richmond, San Jose south of 280, and the Peninsula from Mountain View to Hillsborough. It's survivable at the Googleplex, despite being basically in sight of Moffett, as long as you're not near an east-facing window when the blast hits.

In NYC, assuming a Topol on Manhattan and Bulavas on JFK/LGA/EWR, it'd take out most of lower Manhattan but large portions of Queens and virtually all of the Bronx, Brooklyn, and Staten Island would survive.

You do need to prep for an interruption of utilities, but you should do that anyway for hurricane/earthquake/etc preparedness. If you've got ~3 days of water and ~2 weeks of food and are outside a blast radius, there's a good chance of you being fine. Given the large amounts of suburbia that are not in the blast radius of a likely target, food supply chains likely wouldn't be more damaged than they were in the pandemic, and you could go to a local Walmart for food. Depending on how centralized your local water supply is and whether they have backup generators (the electrical grid is a likely casualty), you may keep municipal water as well.

>You do need to prep for an interruption of utilities, but you should do that anyway for hurricane/earthquake/etc preparedness. If you've got ~3 days of water and ~2 weeks of food and are outside a blast radius, there's a good chance of you being fine. Given the large amounts of suburbia that are not in the blast radius of a likely target, food supply chains likely wouldn't be more damaged than they were in the pandemic, and you could go to a local Walmart for food. Depending on how centralized your local water supply is and whether they have backup generators (the electrical grid is a likely casualty), you may keep municipal water as well.

I think you're incredibly optimistic about the robustness of logistic networks in the aftermath of the complete destruction of all of the major cities in the United States. You think people are going to bother coming into work to stock food on shelves, deliver it, etc in the immediate aftermath of a large-scale nuclear exchange? This isn't even getting into the immediate effects of say, all of the forests in the western US turning into firestorms.

Again, this is dramatically overestimating the initial effects of a nuclear blasts. There will be no major wildfires from nuclear war, for the simple reasons that a.) you don't aim a nuke at the wilderness and b.) the blast wave of a nuclear explosion tends to put out the fires that the thermal pulse ignites. Nukes have specific strategic purposes: the vast majority of them will be aimed at U.S. missile silos, airports or airbases with long runways, ports, refineries, and military shipyards. Those left over will likely be aimed at areas of high population density, specifically the downtown cores of cities.

It's not 1945 anymore, when there was a sharp divide between urban areas and rural areas. The majority of the U.S. population lives in suburbs, and many only go into cities for cultural events. The suburbs are already wired into the U.S. logistic network - that's where are Walmarts and Amazon warehouses are - and are decentralized enough that they're not likely to get taken out by an initial strike.

Coronavirus (particularly Omicron) was much more devastating to our logistic network than nuclear war would be, because it affected essentially all truckers and port workers at once.

I'd encourage you to read the pamphlet; it's put out by scientists whose full-time job was to plan for the continuation American society in the aftermath of a nuclear war.

There is a terribly scary drama called Threads depicting the outcome of a nuclear attack on the UK. I did not stand to see the full length of it. I don't think it is worthwhile to speculate about the survivability of the blast, there is no future to look forward to in case it happens.
I watched it; there was a time in high school where I wanted to write a novel about the aftermath of nuclear war, and did a bunch of research on the topic.

It's terribly scientifically inaccurate, though. Airburst nukes (the type that would generally be used on cities) do not generally spread large amounts of fallout into the atmosphere; they do not generally spread large amounts of fallout at all, because the fireball doesn't reach the ground. We'd likely get the sort of massive urban blast damage from the first half of the movie, but wouldn't get the nuclear winter, collapse of crop harvests, and widespread starvation from the second half of the movie. And we should expect to see local government spring up in areas undamaged by the blast - if the national government falls, state/provincial or local government will step into that void, because power abhors a vacuum.

Humans have survived on Earth without infrastructure or farming for most of our existence, so even if the worst happens I can see some people surviving if there are enough natural resources left. It would of course depend on hunter / gatherer skills, which most people do not have, but are totally learnable.

In the book Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari - he even suggested that hunter gatherers had a far better quality of life compared to someone living in a farming society. Obviously what we have now is far better than either.

Well basically it just means Germany is meeting its obligations under NATO to spend 2% on military - which they haven’t done for a very long time.
Yes, so that they now choose to follow that guideline still constitutes a considerable shift.
> Something you would just do if immediate and long-term danger is next door.

Yep, it's called Russia, at least as long as Putin rules it.

You really think that he would launch a nuclear strike? Have you not heard of Mutually Assured Destruction? Sure, the consequences for the rest of us would be terrible but the moment he launches a strike then he's going to be on the receiving end of one too, and that would be disastrous for his country. The chance of this actually turning nuclear is infinitesimally small.
If he cares only about himself, and knows that he hasn't got that much time left on this earth, then he won't care about a possible atomic war.
He's already said that he's trying to build a legacy; it won't be much of a legacy if Russia is a nuclear wasteland. He's clearly living in an alternate reality to the rest of us, but I very much doubt that's how he wants to be remembered.
In my opinion "infinitesimal" is too small. I think at this point a nuke strike is a bigger risk than covid, for most.
As long as nuclear weapons exist then there's always going to be an infinitesimally small chance that they will be used, so you must live your life in perpetual fear.
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> or maybe even the US or Canada for 6 months and work from there.

As an American in the EU, my entire family has been calling me for days to move back. Personally, I think its unlikely that Russia would nuke anyone in the EU. If anything, they would nuke the US. Plus, it's much more likely to die from some random shooting in the US than by a nuke any day of the week.

They have enough nukes to nuke every city in NATO. Under no situation would they just nuke the US.
Russian first strike capability with land + sea based missiles is at most 1000 warheads. Clearly not enough.
And that is assuming they work, which estimates are very much varied about. Obviously Russia isn't going to help with verification here.
> I personally expect a smaller nuclear warning shot over the ocean from Putin next week.

That would be an escalation so phenomenal it would completely overshadow everything that has happened in the past week. By a huge margin.

Not if it's framed as a training excercise.
It would put Putin squarely in Kim Jong-Un territory, which seems like an odd choice on his part. Nobody doubts that he has functional nukes.
The amount of nonsense in these comments is genuinely astounding. The change in nuclear readiness from Putin is posturing; it's light years away from him actually pulling the trigger on MAD.
If you are worried, maybe you should move. Closer to a primary target. You don't want to be alive for the aftermath.

And yes, it's been on all of our minds and we all worry to some extent. But this is the one thing that none of us can preempt with the means of our small lives. There's nowhere to hide from it.

Watch a nice movie and let others worry about it. Oh and welcome to the 80s.

My wife and I have talked about this before. How would we feel and what would we do if we knew nukes were incoming to our urban area dotted with military and government targets. We tentatively agreed we'd be in our backyard eating crepes and reading psalms, rather than hiding in the basement with respirators. But maybe that's just big talk. Reality might not be so clear cut.
> No one seems to recognize what a massive shift this is.

It is recognized loud and clear all over Europe.

> So Putin is so angry and feels threatend that he wants to overthrough Ukraine, and the answer is to make them a member of the EU? This screams like more aggressives answers from Putin. I personally expect a smaller nuclear warning shot over the ocean from Putin next week.

There is an option: attack first. If Russian nuclear C&C is taken down, I doubt any of officers in the bunker would dare to launch. Even if they will, these would be uncoordinated launches, and nowhere near the size of a coordinated attack.

Pretty sure the Perimeter is still alive & well, quietly waiting for this exact situation. Don’t think it’s a bluff.
I am. There is a real danger of going WW3.

Putin lives in another universe, he doesn't live in reality anymore.

He gambled before and won (Georgia, Syria, Chechnya).

If he gains something out of this gamble he will only bet heavier and more dangerously the next time. Gangsters never have enough.

OTOH, if he sees he will loose this gamble he will probably go full ballistic, in a nuke way, because will have nothing to loose.

There's no nice outcome out of this disgrace. The guy is a megalomaniac psychopath.

No need to imagine, there already were enemy rockets on Cuba and it was not solved in such a moronic way as Putin does.

Also, Ukraine alone wouldn't be sufficient to make Russians feel safe. That would require forcing whole middle third of Europe neutral, the whole swath of land from Belarus down to Yugoslavia with hundred million people, and expecting that to work is very naive. Would be problematic even with both Americans and Russians avoiding any heavy handed moves which is also naive expectation.

> No need to imagine, there already were enemy rockets on Cuba and it was not solved in such a moronic way as Putin does

What is the bay of pigs? United States tried to invade Cuban overthrow their government in the '60s as well. How did that go? The United States also weighed more extreme options like all out military invasion instead of a tactical invasion. We can thank JFK for not doing that.

I am not trying to defend Putins war or tactics, I am just pushing back on the notion that he is a mad man with no reason behind his actions other than his ego, greed, and glory. This is the simple narrative the American media wants you to believe so you don't notice that they actually wanted this war to happen.

Almost third of Europe is already neutral. Also I never said that, I was just referring to Ukraine, which is clearly of the most geostrategic significance to Russia.

Say I would like to believe something other than the "simple narrative"... then what is it, where is the actual strategy? All I see Putin doing last decade is alienating neighbors.
Strategy and narrative are not the same thing. I talked about my options regarding narrative vs reality in my other comments.

But yeah, I agree that pissing off your neighbors seems like a bad strategy. Though, if you look at recent history when Russia did the same thing to other neighboring countries like chechenya, Georgia, and Ukraine in 2014, Russia handily got away with this kind of aggression, so I don't think it's too unreasonable to think that Russian leaders bet they can do it again.

NATO was created as a defensive pact to combat Stalin's explicit intentions to conquer the parts of Europe he didn't manage to get at Jałta (his diplomats in late fourties openly said "Jewropa nasza" - "Europe is ours"). It never had any offensive intentions. Nobody in the West wants to conquer Moscow, that would seem like a pointless excercise in XXI century, in which power is made through economic forces and there's no more need to use violence.
It doesn't matter whether the West is going to attack or not. No country wants an adversary at on their boarder, let alone at the single weakest point of entry to the country
I'll take that you live in Russia, therefore you do need some enlightenment.

If Russia weren't obsessed with imperial domination then NATO wouldn't even have a reason to exist. NATO is an expensive enterprise that needs a reason to exist. Russia's repeated violation of other countries sovereignty (Syria, Georgia, Crimea) are not "valid security concerns", they are actually validating NATO's reason to exist.

The West never invited Ukraine into NATO. Russia is the one that gave Ukraine real strong reasons to do so.

> In reality, the American political elite wanted this conflict to happen because it will make Europe dependent on American oil and gas.

And I am "pedestrian"? Please, go lighter on vodka.

I'm an American actually. It's pretty ironic that you're saying that Russia is obsessed with imperial domination when you're comparing it to the United States which has over 800 military bases spread across dozens of countries all around the world, is literally occupying multiple countries with tens of thousands of troops right now including Japan, Germany and Australia, has overthrown dozens of regimes it didn't like all around the world and has completely destroyed two entire countries on the opposite side of the planet in the last two decades. If that's not imperial hegemony, I'm not sure what is.

Also, the West never explicitly invited Ukraine into NATO but they repeatedly refused to say the door was closed for two decades.

> United States which has over 800 military bases spread across dozens of countries all around the world, is literally occupying multiple countries with tens of thousands of troops right now including Japan, Germany and Australia

Having soldiers and military bases in foreign countries isn't occupation when their governments invited you.

I never said that the US was "occupying" all countries it has bases in. For the countries mentioned, they are definitely occupied. The governments are okay with it because they are subordinate to the US. Also, two of the three countries mentioned the United States defeated in war and has been occupying ever since.
That's verifiably false. US occupation of most of Germany ended in 1955, and of Berlin in 1990. US occupation of most of Japan ended in 1952, and of the Ryukyu Islands in 1972.
I call FUD.
And I call IRA.

(Internet Research Agency is the Russian office for spreading misinformation abroad).

I think it's wise to prepare and keep an eye on the news to know when to trigger your fight (or flight) plan. Panicking won't help.

As far as I'm concerned, it has reinforced my priorities, altered them slightly too. I think it's a good opportunity to reassess your objectives in life, if anything.

Anyway, off to bed early today, so I have more time to do what matters to me tomorrow. Can't wait to see my favourite muddy poney again :)

Also, remember that news only appear every 12hrs, for two reasons: Individual advances are not relevant; and media agencies (govts, presidents, etc) know that news don’t penetrate if there are more than 1 lesson per 12hrs.

So, let that phone down.

- "Am I the only person affected similarly by events? How else have you been coping with it all?"

No one successfully coping is going to be clicking on a 'WW3' thread in HN's 'new' queue and telling you about how they're successfully coping.

I’m pretty chill. It’s unlikely that nuclear war will break out, but it could happen. I think it’s still less likely than during the Cold War.
In my mind it's bit more concerning than the day to day of the cold war and closer to the last days of the Soviet Union in risk. Russia in its current form is in its end days. Do they go with a bang or a whimper?
This is where I am too. I'm thinking Putin is doing this as his last stand for his legacy. I expect that if he had done this swiftly he would have headed to the Poland border and maybe taken a right and headed up the Baltic (if he beat the Nato forces there).

I suspect he's surprised, if not stunned, by the difficulty that his forces are facing. So (while I would prefer he not risk it) I suspect his nukes won't work as expected either. I say that as someone who lives in the Boston suburbs, which I suspect is a high priority target for his subs.

Most importantly, perhaps, is that if it is WW3, it's going to be the world against Russia. Iran may try to help if they feel an obligation; I don't think China will because they're smart enough to see it's a lot cause.

I do not think there's a way to assign probability to this situation.

If we assume Putin is mad, there's no reason why he wouldn't throw a nuke. Due to downside being inevitable, WW3 is a logical outcome. Otherwise we are just letting him throw nukes.

We have to hope their system is not setup such that Putin can unilaterally launch. Is there not some military officer or guard in the way who could decide to save the world?
Personally I like to think that if I had the means then I would be in a well stocked bunker deep underground. Possibly until the Mars colony is ready.

But I am kind of poor so I have an excuse for ignoring it. I do think that most people are just in denial. The same way most Ukrainians were about the possibility of a war.

I'm annoyed that not a single person at work has even brought it up. Other than that, nah, I've lived an interesting life and don't really care whether it's the end of the world.

I don't think it'll come to that, because for all of Putin's control, everyone around him knows that nukes will be the end of the world. So those around him can't let it happen.

Or I'm wrong, and they can. We'll find out.

I have a mirror of one of Ben Marking's WW3 videos. I should reupload it. It pretty much predicted all of this.

https://www.reddit.com/r/youtube/comments/8mlori/what_happen...

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14508078

They're gone now though.

I would argue that you're getting sucked into the news cycle a bit more than is probably healthy, if you're feeling real anxiety.

Maybe turn off the news for a few days to relax? It may seem like Very Important Things are happening right now, but honestly, as someone who does watch the news pretty obsessively, you can construe basically anything into being Very Important.

All of the most likely outcomes for what's happening in Ukraine are not impactful to you in any real way. The very unlikely outcomes are more impactful, but specifically the odds of a nuclear war is vanishingly small. Not zero, and meaningfully larger than a week ago, but still infinitesimally small.

Take a walk outside, pet your dog/cat, hug a loved one, watch a funny movie. That's what I do when I get really wrapped up in the news cycle. :)

We're all going to die in 40-60 years anyway, hardly any of this matters.

I mean, when you think about the eventual heat death of the universe, nothing really matters in the end. Embrace nihilism.
Always thought Nihilism was about having the power to choose what has meaning, what matters. That "Nothing matters" or "everything is meaningless" is a common misunderstanding / trope.
I am not a philosopher. What I know about nihilism comes from watching the Big Lebowski.
I'm not sure about Nihilism, but Nietzsche is certainly often misunderstood in exactly that way.
"Nothing matters" is a usually cheerful statement coming from a true nihilist, because it's leaving off the implicit "nothing matters [in an objective external sense so meaning is subjectively determined]". They're both halves of the same statement, it's just that edgelords who don't bother to grasp the ethics of nihilism stop understanding at the first 2 words.
It's a tough line to walk. Nihilism might be right, but people who find something to live for seem to have a lot easier time getting out of bed in the morning while they are alive.
The problem with nihilism is, despite being logically coherent, it isn't useful. No society is built on meaninglessness. You have to have faith in something that isn't logically provable to provide base assumptions for whatever your value system is.

If Cavemen were nihilists, we'd never have figured out fire.

I think nihilism provides value in the same way that "rock bottom" does for an alcoholic. On a practical basis my life is mostly habit, obligation and pre-framed viewpoints that I accept unreflectively for entirely pragmatic reasons.

Which is fine, otherwise you spend a lot of time wondering what a table is, why do anything, etc, but stripping back your beliefs to as close to nothing as you can is an experience worth going through at least once in your life - there's no way to viscerally understand axioms except to think about why they are there, and why they can't be different.

Yes, nihilism can prompt personal crisis or even suicide. But the experience is fundamental even if we don't name it, so the idea provides utility to society because it gives us a vocabulary and a framework for processing the experience of rejecting and understanding meaning itself. You can't have true agency without understanding that meaning itself is a construct. A culture which recognises crisis of meaning is a deeper culture than one which perhaps recognises that some situations are "sad" or that sometimes things are tactically difficult ,or that some people might have conflicting interests (looking at you Disney).

Personally I think nihilism is a key stage in moral development "for people who think real hard about stuff". Yes, everyone doing this at the same time would have bad outcomes.

The (shared) social utility of nihilism is a kind of "looking in the eyes" of people who are experiencing the absurdity of life, seeing through the words and looking at what is there. The currency of the idea promotes an acceptance of that and therefore I believe that a vigorous society should embrace the experience of nihilism for those people that are ready for it.

But we don't even know that will be the end of our universe. Could be something else. Who knows, technology might make us truly immortal, even beyond the bounds of this universe.

Point is, absolute certainty in anything, even the end of the universe, is always misguided.

Yeah following this to its logical conclusion actually results in a pretty depressing outlook. I used to feel this way when I first graduated college, now I’ve learned that there can definitely be meaning in our experience. Also scientists don’t necessarily agree that heat death is inevitable, there’s still some debate. Basically I’ve become more of an optimist since and it’s made me feel a lot happier in general.
Uh, yes it matters if we die now vs later. I enjoy my life and intend on keeping it.
If you spend your time anxiety ridden in anticipation of nuclear war... are you enjoying it?
I literally just said "I enjoy my life". Does it sound like I'm too worried to enjoy it?
I'm at present not enjoying it. I have decided to buy a spa pool this weekend so I can be both anxiety ridden and at least somewhat enjoying it.
Are you in Eastern Europe? Are you a presidential advisor, or advising a large multi-national of some sort?

If not, then there is not only just about zero you can do about the current situation, but worrying about it is actively interfering with the now in that life - and obsessively following the news will likely destroy every now while you do.

Has anyone done a decent job explaining what the most likely outcomes actually are?
Previously, much larger armies of tanks, rotorcraft, and tactical nuclear missiles faced each other across the Iron Curtain for 40 years without anyone blinking.

If anything, this is a return to historical tension levels between the West and Russia.

If poster feels tension, do something to prepare. Whatever that means to them, and whatever gives them comfort.

> Has anyone done a decent job explaining what the most likely outcomes actually are?

There is only one outcome here: Ukraine becomes a Russian client state.

Russia then decouples from the West. Other African and Asian countries start thinking in similar terms. You cannot have the US and Europe determine your national security interests by using the threat of sanctions as a Damocles sword all the time.

Russia controls the second most powerful military on the planet. Any suggestion that they will be defeated in Ukraine is wishful thinking.

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The United States military is the most powerful military on the planet. Any suggestion that they will be defeated in Afghanistan is wishful thinking.
> The United States military is the most powerful military on the planet. Any suggestion that they will be defeated in Afghanistan is wishful thinking.

The US is not Russia and Bush/Obama/Trump/Biden is not Putin. While no one can predict what he is thinking, the Second Chechen War could be a template if the Ukrainian leadership does not yield.

Putin is not Yeltsin, Ukraine is not Chechnya, Zelanskyy is not Yandarbiyev, and 1999 is not 2021, so no, the Second Chechen War would not be a valid template.

I, too, can needlessly zoom in to try and refute any comparisons to other situations.

If anything, not being applicable to Afghanistan is even worse for Russia, considering how little international support Afghanistan received, and how much worse at urban warfare the Russian military is compared to the US military.

> comparisons to other situations.

It is not about random comparisons but the will to follow through on what must be done. The US had no real stake in Afghanistan. Russia did in Chechnya and it does in Ukraine.

We will know in a few weeks what his plan is as it is executed on the ground.

Russia has a lot less to gain (hardly anything real) than Ukranians have to lose, which is why the Afghanistan comparison is apt.

And no, we won't have any clue about what "his" plan was, because it's already failed. Now we will see how Russia's military reacts to initial failure.

Incidentally Russia never did very well in Afghanistan either.

You don't win insurgencies, especially when people are defending their homes and money and material is coming from outside.

> Russia then decouples from the West.

Who are they going to sell their oil and gas to, then?

> Who are they going to sell their oil and gas to, then?

The world is full of countries who want oil and gas. Even the US and Europe have left open a big hole in their sanctions for oil/gas supplies because they need Russian fossil fuels.

> The world is full of countries who want oil and gas.

So they’re going to replace “selling to the highest bidder” with “selling to the 10th highest bidder”. That’ll do wonders for Russia’s economy, I’m sure.

The US doesn't need Russian oil. It's 7% of the country's total petroleum imports, compared to over 50% for Canadian oil.
Pakistan PM Khan is in Moscow right after the invasion declaring "it is an exciting time." He's working on a gas pipeline deal with Putin.
I think the results will be far less exciting that people envision: it will end with a diplomatic solution after some "peace talk" negotiations.

There are never any true "winners" of a war, it will costs millions, the Russian people have greatly suffered (and will continue to for years as a result of this), many Ukrainians have equally suffered and lost their lives.

It will also have an impact on the worlds economy (to what extent, I don't know, I'm not an expert).

What a waste.

My prayers goes out to all those suffering.

I was thinking about my career and what I should be doing in the next few months, and then reading your comment, I stopped for a minute at "We're all going to die in 40-60 years anyway, almost none of this matters. ". Then I realized that it doesn't really matter if I get my dream job or make a ton of money, the only thing that matters is living fully in the present.
> living fully in the present

But that’s what (other) animals do, humans are different, in that they live in the past (memories), in the future (dreaming, planning, preparing, learning), and consuming fiction and playing games (which, honestly, I wouldn’t call “living in the moment,” either). So, what’s left in the moment is eating, having sex, fighting, talking, being afraid, being sick, feeling cold…

> Then I realized that it doesn't really matter if I get my dream job or make a ton of money, the only thing that matters is living fully in the present.

Yeah, your future self is going to hate you for this.

I mean you (hopefully) don't smoke and drink everyday, because it feels great at the time, but it will shorten and/or reduce your life in a number of significant ways.

A bit of both is probably the best strategy.

Normally I would agree with this take. I'm also in Europe and feel similar to the OP though. I recognise that I'm doomscrolling but this feels different to other "bad things in the world that have happened in my lifetime" (I'm in my 40's). I live 12h drive from the border of Ukraine. In addition my outrage at the Russian invasion and what's happening to the Ukrainians, it also feels uncomfortably close.
It is close. Less than a good days driving. But don't let that proximity get to you too much, the dangers are just the same if you live in Amsterdam, Berlin or New York, to believe otherwise is an illusion. If it remains a conventional war then there is no way that the Russians will manage to do much without being beaten savagely, but at the same time that is exactly why if they decide to press on things could well get out of hand.
I live near the centre of a large city in the UK. I suspect that we here are more likely to be a target if there is a nuclear exchange than people close to Ukraine or Russia.

However, I also think that a nuclear exchange is still very unlikely. Putin is also suggesting talks on the Belarus/Ukraine border.

I'm hoping for/dreading one of those cold war fudges we had back in the bad old days. Some horse trading, perhaps a partition of the Ukraine with attendant population sorting and so on. Negotiations about force reductions and all of that.

It took the US/Alliance army of 180 000 plus air cover a month to render the conscript Iraq army non-operational and to gain some tenuous control of Iraq (or at least the major cities) in 2003. Putin must have had a time-scale of weeks in mind for this operation.

I shall be disconnecting from wall to wall news coverage next week as I do have anxiety issues sometimes. At the end of the day none of us here can do much.

> Putin is also suggesting talks on the Belarus/Ukraine border.

The word is that the Russians will suggest that they unconditionally surrender or Kyiv will get the 'Grozny' treatment. I'm pretty sure of the outcome there, but of course anything could happen.

They already suggested the unconditional surrender but I doubt that the threat of Grozny treatment will be enough for Ukraine to fold. They need something else. Something more convincing and I can't think of anything. Even if they only have the Grozny threat on the table and they go and act on it, in practice it will make the russian position much worse because Ukraine is not Chechnya, it's in a much better position (I could enumerate the differences but I think they are obvious).
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> I live 12h drive from the border of Ukraine.

The closer you live to Russia the more this conflict matters. The more your country relies on the globalized economy the more this matters. This war is a big wake-up call to Europe, and many developing nations are in big trouble that Russian oil and Russian and Ukrainian wheat might not make it to market. The United States will have to put up with higher commodity prices and we should step up measures to support the poor and deal with less until the market can adjust.

Have you forgotten the global pandemic and impending climate disaster?
I had an argument some time ago with another person about this. People seem obsessed with the news. My view is, news are intentionally made stressing. If you being informed of something doesn't change its outcome in any meaningful way then why bother reading about it?

I try to limit what I read about because of that. If I wouldn't do so, I would fall into an endless tunnel of worrying news around the world.

I sort of view it this way too, news media is having a collective orgasm over the bonanza of fear porn they have been hyping up for over a month now. Social media has also taken and ran with it, the front page of reddit is plastered with anecdotes, speculation and armchair geopolitical discussions of people trying to rationalize something they don't quite understand.

At the end of the day, Russia isn't this big bad world power that is capable of starting a war on a global scale, they are a declining power that also happens to have a lot of nukes. So realistically the most they can do is limited to what they are doing now, which won't start a world war and will most likely conclude in a way that causes no change to the lives of most people outside of the affected region. On the extremely small chance that they do go nuclear, worrying about it is pointless since it will change society so dramatically that there simply would be no way to prepare for it. Its like how you don't worry about getting hit by a car and becoming a paraplegic in your day to day life.

> over a month now

I'd argue this started with Corona - regardless of how dangerous you consider that virus to be that's where people's fear tolerance was raised to new heights and needs to be matched now or clicks go down.

Absolutely. As someone with a fair level of subject matter expertise in the area, I've spent much of the last two years disgusted with the distortions/exaggerations of the news media, to the point where I basically don't read or listen to the news anymore. Certainly nothing from the ad-driven media, which is almost universally garbage. It's the same pattern the GP describes for Russia: exaggeration of obscure, tail risks and uncertainty. If you speculate, speculate to the negative outcome and ignore the positive or neutral possibilities. Emphasize scary anecdotes and ignore or downplay any facts that would lead a reasonable person away from panic.

I was regular consumer of NPR, NYTimes, WaPo, and many others. Now I just don't read or listen to them. I skim a few international providers, I have some subscriptions (i.e. paid subscriptions to news providers that don't depend on ads) and podcasts, and that's it. Covid eliminated nearly all of my "news" consumption habits.

Paradoxically the fact that everyone is talking about WW3 makes me think it is very likely not going to happen. When it comes to predicting the future, the 'media news cycle' clearly overfits the latest data points.

(Please don't make this comment say what it doesn't. What's going on is terrible.)

>> the fact that everyone is talking about WW3 makes me think it is very likely not going to happen

What relationship do the 2 have? The news talking about WW3 or not talking about it doesn't affect whether Russia will use a nuclear weapon.

I would normally agree about the news thing; like Taleb recently said [1], the news is 99.9% noise, 0.1% signal. But these past few days it's been all signal. This is the kind of stuff you should be paying attention to.

[1] https://twitter.com/nntaleb/status/1497943606962839552

Exactly. I was flabbergasted at the sheer number of Ukranians I've seen interviewed by the media that said they didn't believe it would actually happen etc. I followed every development since it started at the end of last year and by the time it was announced that blood supplies had been moved in around a month before the invasion actually happened that led me to believe actually there really is likely to be an invasion as you wouldn't need blood otherwise. Then the next big, big clue was the soldiers sticking around in Belarus after the Olympics ended. That was your first major warning to get out. I can't quite remember the order in which the next few things happened exactly, but certainly when Putin announced he was recognizing Donetsk and Luhansk you could tell his plan was actively underway. The next big tip-off that the invasion was close was when China told its diplomats to leave. My assumption is that Russia would have given China a heads up to avoid surprising China and creating tensions. That would have been my signal to exit the country and my bags would have already been packed and plans firmly made. The next critical signal was that Russia itself told its diplomats to leave. There's only one reason Russia itself would tell its diplomats to leave. After I saw that news I thought to myself... hmm there isn't anything more Putin needs to do to actually be ready to invade, so next comes Z-day. Then they invaded.

If you were paying close attention and could connect the dots you absolutely had ample warning to get the hell out of dodge. I agree, this is the type of news you should be paying attention to.

Taleb is the kind of person who tries very hard to have something insightful to say about every situation. Sometimes he nails it, sometimes he's off the mark.

I don't read this and think, "He's right!" I just read this and think, "Looks like he fell into the media well and is trying to post-hoc justify it."

Admittedly it's a safe bet on my part, because if I'm wrong, we'll all be dead!

> We're all going to die in 40-60 years anyway, hardly any of this matters.

On the bright side, Putin will be dead in 10-20

This too shall pass

Two weeks ago Ukraine accused the US of being unnecessarily pessimistic, that US analysis of satellite imagery was no match for Ukraine's deeper understanding of Russia's true motivations, that movements of troops and matériel were merely the adversary's negotiating style, that there was little likelihood of an actual invasion.

There's a tendency for smart people to downplay and underestimate legitimate existential threats. Most of us recognize the clear signs of war, of fascism, of catastrophe only in hindsight.

Perhaps the optimists can sketch out how they think this plays out if Ukraine puts up a more effective and tenacious defense than expected.

If supply lines are cut, if fuel, food and ammunition can't reach the front lines, if Russia is globally isolated, if the ruble collapses, if the wealth of oligarchs held abroad is frozen and seized.

Do the optimists believe Russia will just back down and go home in humiliation, tail between their legs?

Ukrainian President said that not because he didn't believe in Russia's invasion, but because he didn't want to provoke panic in his population, which would made war preparations more difficult. Even today he is trying to project calm and optimistic image, because it helps the war effort.
> didn't want to provoke panic in his population

Now he's calling for the West to shoot down Russian planes, and his government is handing out tens of thousands of Kalashnikov rifles to untrained bakers and school teachers.

If he always believed Russia would invade, surely it would have been better to start a bit earlier with the no-fly zone and training school teachers with weapons and sabotage.

1) Putin was looking for any pretext to attack. He told his people that this war is just a response to Ukraine's aggression (and most of Russian citizens believe that Russian army is protecting innocent children from being killed by Ukrainian Nazis). So Ukraine tried to avoid any aggressive step.

2) They are handling rifles out because they just now arrived from the multiple countries that are helping Ukraine. Before that, they trained with wooden rifles.

full disclosure im 100% sucked into the news cycle.

That said I think the new development of belarus passing a referendum, updating its constitution to allow Russian nukes, and also join the war against Ukraine is serious.

Im not saying this is WW3, but I would feel better it Putin had just overtaken Ukraine quickly.

Who knows what the reality is, but if youre following western media it seems like Russia is losing.

This leaves Putin few options,

1. Continue conventional warfare and hope things get better, while sanctions bleed Russia out economically, and Ukraine receives more weapons and overall support.

2. Back out with his tail between his legs. This was supposed to be a show of force and military might, so it's going to be a tough pill to swallow for his ego.

3. make something up, like nato is supporting Ukraine too much and he has no choice but to use the nukes...

What worries me is that there is a situation here where Russia benefits from launching nukes beyond just having no option / nothing to lose.

If Russia nukes the West and China remains neutral avoiding an attack, then they would almost certainly take the US's place as the global superpower. Russia would obviously be nuked in retaliation, but Putin himself likely wouldn't die in the attack and could probably strike a deal with Xi to rebuild Russia and Russia's empire with China's aid.

Obviously it wouldn't be good news for China if all their main trading partners suddenly got wiped of the face of the Earth, but they'd get through it after several years and would no longer need to worry about the West.

My concern is what if nuclear war actually benefits Xi & Putin at this moment in time? During the cold war the USSR was a super power -- they had everything to lose. Now they have very little and we have a lot... The calculation is completely different today. The cost of nuclear war for Russia is dramatically lower than it ever was for the USSR.

I think he's bluffing with the nukes. He knows that if he launched one, 3-4 other countries would launch theirs at him. It's also been made exceedingly clear that the moment the Russian army sets foot outside of Ukraine, the full weight of the western world will come crashing down on it. His forces are struggling enough fighting just Ukraine, whose army is dramatically smaller and less-equipped. I don't think they could hope to take on the U.S. army, much less the entire rest of Europe, especially if still meeting resistance in Ukraine. And I don't think China wants to get involved.

I would be worried about Ukraine. I'm not really worried about this spreading to the rest of the world.

China doesn't want to get involved in Europe, but Taiwan is sure looking tasty right now for them. They've been wanting it for decades, and now the world is preoccupied with Europe.
China needs Russia's support vs. Taiwan. It seems like this is would be a horrible time to try something
> China needs Russia's support

When Russia gets kicked out of UN, they won’t.

AFAIK China lacks sufficient military resources to actually take Taiwan. You can't just drive tanks and people across the strait.
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I'm sorry, when did the US Navy withdraw from SE Asia?

Plus right now the US is making a show of strength against invasions by authoritarian dictators, and Biden has stated that we have "obligations" to Taiwan, although he was intentionally vague he basically said the silent part out loud. It would be political suicide to not respond to a Chinese invasion, and we could respond quite decisively from a military perspective.

China will wait for a more opportune moment.

I'm not sure it would be political suicide, since although Taiwan is becoming more popular with Americans, does that translate to a stomach for WW3?
Americans in general are stubborn to a fault and full of ourselves internationally. It would be less altruism to save Taiwan and more "fuck China". The sanctions on Russia are predicted to make gasoline prices soar, especially on the West Coast, and it's anecdotal but the conversations I'm hearing are less polite versions of "fine, I'm willing to pay a little more at the pump to stick it to Putin". Although I'm not on the west coast I'd agree with the sentiment.

Then you have Republicans, right now they're deriding Biden for going soft on Putin and blaming him for this crisis (not sure how many are buying it outside of Trump's base, but that's the line). So going soft on a Chinese invasion of Taiwan would play right into that message. No way Biden could do it for that reason alone, let alone the myriad of other motivations.

It's not a "fuck China" thing. It would be a severe short-term tactical blunder to lose Taiwan, not even considering the moral perspective. Modern military cannot function without semiconductors. And yes, we could (and are starting to) move those facilities to the US, but that takes a lot of time to complete. Not only to complete, but to get up to speed and running efficiently. If Taiwan is lost, our enemies bolster their semiconductor supply, and we lose the majority of ours.
When everyone thinks American military spending is ridiculous, the fact that we maintain a two-ocean Navy (with parity to potential adversaries) is a key component of that. By law and design, the expectation is that the US should be able to fight a major war in the Atlantic and Pacific at the same time.
Everyone's military spending is ridiculous. As someone who's more of an isolationist, I have to concede that having a large military is very important, or else our country and its freedoms are toast. The real problem is the people in charge of said military. Not the size. The difficulty is in maintaining and responsibly controlling that force.
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Tawain is being handed back anyway. China is patient
Also, while this conflict seems to be about Russia vs the west / NATO, other influencial parts of the world have absolutely no interest in a nuclear exchange. China for example. What roles are they currently playing? Can they moderate Putin's temper? And Saudi Arabia? India? And so forth. He must have powerful allies that can bring him down from his own paranoia and delusions. Time for some geopolitical therapy sessions for him.
Yeah. To be honest I think the greatest risk to the rest of the world - if there is a risk - would be Putin acting irrationally (due to temper, or mental health, or desperation). I see no remotely rational course that could lead him to launch nukes or to move troops past Ukraine.

As an aside, I'm really very glad this didn't happen a couple years ago when we had our own mad-man with the launch codes.

He's been acting quite irrationally already in the recent past.

> As an aside, I'm really very glad this didn't happen a couple years ago when we had our own mad-man with the launch codes.

Weirdly enough: the risk of spillover would be lower, the danger to Ukraine much higher. But that is also why we are where we are today: without Trump undermining the whole situation in Ukraine would be quite different and Putin would not have embarked on this thing in the first place.

"without Trump undermining..."

What are you talking about?

There was the controversy about his talk with Zelenski of course, but the end result is described here:

https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-admin-approves-sale-an...

And delay in sending weapons to Ukraine is not unknown for the Biden administration:

https://www.politico.com/news/2021/06/18/white-house-ukraine...

So maybe your point is that sending weapons to Ukraine was a bad idea that just annoyed Putin, and that's why it's Trump's fault?

Looking at broader economic issues, how could you possibly think that Trump's support for energy development in the West helped Russia, which relies on high oil prices to support its economy, as compared to Biden's shutting down of energy development?

Trump emboldened Putin by increasing US dependence on foreign oil. Privately met with him, without record or press.

In 2017, the first Congressional Delegation to Russia (all Republicans) had a private meeting with Putin on July 4th - Independence Day!

Trump recently praised Putin and called his tactic “genius” and just today Tom Cotton(R) refused to denounce Trumps support of Putin.

Ad nausem…

Trumps indirect support of Putin and Kim Jong Un was also particularly unnerving.

"Trump emboldened Putin by increasing US dependence on foreign oil."

This statement seems detached from reality, unless by "foreign" you mean "Canadian".

It has precedent with Nixon: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madman_theory

If the opposite side believes you completely rational, it limits the actions they believe you'll take. On the other hand, if they believe you're impulsive, there are fewer limits on what they believe you'd do.

... Unfortunately, if they believe you're too irrational, it ends badly.

> As an aside, I'm really very glad this didn't happen a couple years ago when we had our own mad-man with the launch codes

Completely agree. It would have been a nightmare.

> He knows that if he launched one, 3-4 other countries would launch theirs at him.

Would they, though? And even if we take it as given that they would, do we believe that he believes that? The West, and especially USA, has made a number of empty threats over the past couple of decades it's not hard to see why he may not consider this one credible.

You can't reason with a madman. There are rumours that Putin has a terminal illness and is trying to finish what he started while he can. If he doesn't get what he wants, who knows what he's capable of. I said he was bluffing when amassing troops on the border and I was totally wrong.

I'm also not convinced that his forces in Ukraine are failing. I hope they are. But it's more likely Russia is only sending in the bare minimum they think will be necessary to minimise losses. They might have underestimated but Russia can win if they're playing the long game.

He has children. Does he not care about them? They are adults, perhaps he has grandchildren even. Is he really so deranged that he is willing to give up the world? I don't know. It is very puzzling.
Who knows, maybe he doesn't. Psychopaths have children. Maybe he will find himself backed into a corner and will want to go out with a bang so he at least goes into the history books. Megalomania is not to be underestimated.

Getting some flak for my OP. Not sure why, did I say something controversial?

Narcissists don't really care about other people. They only care about themselves.

Think 'Jim Jones', not 'Elder statesman with children'.

Stalin had a wife and kids, and there were times he appeared to care about them, such as his efforts to keep Beria away from his young daughter. But otherwise, Stalin clearly cared nothing for human life in general. He stopped the Great Purge of his own people in 1937 only after it became clear that it was starting to drag down the economy.

Putin has given no indication that he's any different from Stalin in this regard.

He's bluffing with Crimea.

Oh wait!

He's bluffing with separatist regions.

Oh wait!

He's bluffing with invading Ukraine.

Oh wait!

He's bluffing with actual war.

Oh wait!

... TL;DR: Putin thinks a nuclear war is winnable. https://www.vox.com/2015/6/29/8845913/russia-war

NB: do you really think Putin cares how you feel?

Nuclear war is a HUGE step up from any of the previous steps. Like you could build a binary system based on those principles, with Nuclear War being 1 and the rest being noise that's equivalent to 0.

The only way he'd entertain it is if he's truly lost his marbles, and if that's the case then this timeline just got a whole lot shittier regardless of whether we capitulate to the madman with the nukes or not. I sincerely doubt western institutions are going to show their bellies because of Putin's nuclear threats, so we'll see if he's bluffing one way or another.

Go for it. I took care of my family, ~50miles away from the next big city, rivers, farmland and enough supplies around us. I'd rather laugh on my stupidity later on.
Sorry, but unless you got a deep bunker with years of supplies, you probably won't survive a large scale nuclear war.
You are assuming a rational actor. Putin may not be a rational actor.
That's normally my comment.

For those that still insist that Putin is rational, there's one way to model his current behaviour: his utility function prioritises "make Russia great again", or at the very least, geopolitical concerns. He's willing to take whatever hit he needs to take, whether economically or in the lives of soldiers and civilians, to achieve this goal.

And if he isn't?

Then we have nuclear war. Or we let Putin dictate international politics for however long he has left, and tell China/North Korea/every other bad actor that gets nukes for the rest of time that the game is "be serious about launching nukes offensively and you'll get whatever you want". How do you think that'll work long term?

It's that, or Putin at least maintains a shred of rationality. Or his inner circle takes him out before he pushes the button.

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> He's bluffing with Crimea.

> Oh wait!

> He's bluffing with separatist regions.

> Oh wait!

> He's bluffing with invading Ukraine.

> Oh wait!

These are all straw men. I don't know any serious analysts who thought he was bluffing in any of those areas, primarily because they all understood the Western response would be muted.

He knows, as the rest of the world does, that launching nuclear war will require an all-out response from Western powers.

The linked article is very informative; it includes things I'd not read elsewhere.

For instance, it talks about Putin's willingness to use "battlefield" nukes rather than "strategic" city-destroying nukes – betting that the West would immediately concede any war where a smaller nuke were deployed in the interest of avoiding escalation.

They're not strawmen, especially the last. There were quite a few intelligent ppl who seriously thought there's no way he was going to war with Ukraine.
Were those "quite a few intelligent people" not watching the news? The US has been explicit about the intelligence for weeks/months now. Even if you wanted to discount the US intelligence, the military buildup surrounding Ukraine was unmistakable.

Biden was quoted as saying the Russian attack had unfolded "largely as predicted". Pretending the invasion was some sort of great shocker is a rewrite of history.

https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2022-02-24/biden-...

My bet several weeks before he invaded was that he'd deploy a tactical nuke against the Ukranian military (not necessarily against civilians causing mass casualty) to remove the ability of the West to call his bluff on using nukes and hence affect their calculus. This has the effect of making it crystal clear to NATO that they absolutely cannot put boots on the ground in Ukraine under any circumstances, and secondly it is a massive psychological blow to the Ukranian people themselves. The pundits and talking heads are always saying "I don't get his end-game here, he can't hold these people down, they will resist!" and my suspicion has been he may attempt to frighten the shit out of them into obeying. The other effect such a move may be intended to have is change the calculus of any further non-NATO former soviet countries he may try to go into next if he is successful in Ukraine, as he could essentially win without having to fight potentially.

My guess would be that if he deployed tactical nukes in Ukraine in some capacity NATO would not respond by launching a retaliatory nuclear attack as that would be MAD. Rather they would take the other nuclear option of completely cutting 100% of the banks out of SWIFT and freezing all oil and gas exports in an attempt to completely cripple Russia while eating the pain of those sanctions on their own territories, as I think the people would support it. Secondly I think it would be enough to galvanise millions of Russians to take to the streets and march against Putin to end his reign. This is the scenario I'm currently betting on playing out.

There are US security experts who also argue that limited nuclear war can be waged (Edit: and won). It's an idea from the 80s and it's not something that planners have disregarded.
Would you please stop posting in the flamewar style to HN? I'm sure you have good reasons for feeling strongly but the site guidelines don't stop applying when bad things are happening—actually that's just when they should apply the most.

"Comments should get more thoughtful and substantive, not less, as a topic gets more divisive."

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html

Even though there's a war going on and it's scary and activating, it's possible to discuss the topic without breaking those guidelines. Plenty of other users are demonstrating that in this very thread.

>I think he's bluffing with the nukes.

I read this a lot but I also read some historical analysis about the Cuban Missile Crisis that a lot of the escalation stemmed from a fundamental misunderstanding about their opponent's strategy. It might be a huge oversimplification but it goes something like this:

Americans are playing poker (with all its specific tactics like bluffing) and are judging their opponents based on that, while Russians are playing chess and therefore assume "the bluff" is in fact their opponent's next escalation move.

At that time the Russians had more sane leaders.
Not really, the whole security apparatus was run be insanely paranoid men who were convinced that capitalist imperialist forces were secretly plotting to destroy the Soviet Union despite never finding real evidence of such a plot.
Launching a nuke to Kiev in the current situation is very much within the realm of possibilities, if unlikely. No other country would intervene with military force even if they did, because nobody wants a two-sided nuclear war.
The next move will be a tactical nuke. Maybe targeting the black sea, any target not causing real casualties.
Just the radioactive fallout.
They can do a clean detonation if they detonate high enough in the atmosphere for the blast to not kick up and irradiate any dust. For a while now I've been convinced that a show of force like this is part of his plan in order to force a change in the calculus of his adversaries and get them on the back foot.
> No other country would intervene with military force even if they did, because nobody wants a two-sided nuclear war.

That is a serious underestimation.

No, it's a fact. The West is not going to risk the Apocalypse for Ukraine. Unless Russia directly attacks a NATO country, there is practically nothing they can do to trigger a war between NATO and Russia.
I mean NATO is already involved with NATO countries supplying arms. The UK foreign secretary has even said that people have her full support if they want to go and fight for Ukraine (which is beyond irresponsible).
> if they want to go and fight for Ukraine (which is beyond irresponsible)

Why irresponsible? My take on it was that message was aimed at Ukrainians living in the UK who wanted to go and fight. Your average Brit isn't even going to humour that idea.

Could sanctions get bad enough for Russia to retaliate?
> The West is not going to risk the Apocalypse for Ukraine.

If Putin is launching nukes, it has nothing to do with Ukraine anymore. The choices are “do we let a madman play with nukes or not?" I think the answer is pretty obvious.

I think being optimistic in this situation is actually harmful. It really is worth considering looking for a shelter because Putin has already proven with this war he does not care about anyone's life from any side. And if he is to lose this, to him it may even be as good as being dead. The optimism reminds me of the time we first found out about the Coronavirus and we went on with our head in the sand until it hit hard.
What would be the tell tales of actual nuclear war? Surely he'd go then for baltics, USA, whole of europe. He'd also place his military in predictable locations to have best chances of protecting Russia after - something that is easily tracked via sats.
What are the odds that you wake up tomorrow and the world's gone to ash? Probably really unlikely. Compared to 5 days ago they're a million times more likely, sure. But a million times a really really really really and I mean really small number isn't that much.

I'm afraid. I'm searching the news for any new information I can and feel overwhelmed. I'm not doing too well through all this and I'm safe and sound in North America!

But. I'm not. At all. Even a tiny bit. Worried that randomly tomorrow I'll wake up and the world has literally ended. There may be war. And there may be bombs. And I may need to find shelter and reevaluate my odds. But. I think there's a much larger chance I'll eat too much due to stress than there will be nukes used. And I can do something about the over eating.

I am only concerned because Ukraine is so close to central EU countries. I don’t think anyone wants to go to war or needs it right now, apart from Russia of course.

I will say that I am more annoyed by the fact that we are being bombarded with a lot of weird stuff lately. From Covid straight to potential War outbreak. This is very taxing on peoples mental health.

These events completely overshadow day to day problems because “look at them, they have it much worse”.

Very, very strange.

> I don’t think anyone wants to go to war or needs it right now, apart from Russia of course.

Unlike dancing, it only takes one to start a war. To quote the Two Towers:

  Theoden: I will not risk open war.
  Aragorn: Open war is upon you whether you would risk it or not.
I have zero concern until Russia messes with a NATO country which I find highly unlikely to happen. Obviously still heartbreaking what's happening though
After fighting a pandemic for 2 years we now have to deal with a super-power that can start a potential ww3.

I do not really care at this point. I live live through my day regardless and whatever happens is way out of my control.

If there is one take-away from this all, it is that we have never had the tools we have today to spread correct information in the battle against the haze of miss-information.

There was some speculation that COVID derailed the timetable for this invasion.
WW3 won't happen until N. Korea invades S. Korea forcing the US to respond with tactical nukes, triggering nuclear escalation. Probably won't be until 2027 or so. I always get blasted when I mention joel skousen's site, but he's literally been talking about this since at least 2005. https://www.worldaffairsbrief.com/
That sounds sufficient but not necessary. Just because that's one potential trigger, doesn't mean there aren't others.
It's very unlikely given US and UK made it explicit that they won't land troops in Ukraine.

Russia and US both know what their respective red lines are now, and recognize MAD when they see one.

I live in Norway, we have been one of the few NATO countries with borders to russia and would likely be hit by nukes from both sides if the shit hits the fan.

But personally I think there are enough people high up in the russian government that do not want to annihilate the world to save the face of one man to prevent something like that.

So while it is a concern I think that is an unlikely outcome.

No offense, but there is not much to hit in Norway :) No reason to waste nukes there.
gas facilities are pretty essential for rest of the Europe
I am pretty sure that NATO won't nuke Norway.
I'm also from Norway - I think the likely scenario, IF Russia decided to say "fuck it - let's invade more countries" (and force NATO to take the ultimate decision), they'd probably first and foremost take over, or secondly, bomb some of the strategic installations we have up in northern (East Finnmark) Norway - were they to get involved with us, directly.

Intelligence gathering plays a huge role, and taking out those would probably harm the eyes and ears of Norway and NATO. IF Russia were to start firing ICBMs and similar, they'd at least want some element of surprise.

I also recently read through a Masters thesis on this, from a Colonel at our military academy, and his take was that if Russia were to invade us, then the likely scenario would be to invade East-Finnmark by sea, air, and land. Take control over the military intelligence installations, as well as airports.

Thunder sounds. Australians assembling sandbags against their walls and doors for flash flooding. Snakes swimming down the road.

Yes, as Australians we’re deeply concerned that Russia may eventually nuke us because they want our country.

Whether it is or it isn't, individually we're powerless to change anything. Don't worry about things you can't change.
This is the most sane attitude.
I was going to write something similar.

If you're near Ukraine and there's a plausible escalation to where you live, maybe work on an evacuation plan. Anywhere else, if you don't have 3-7 days of emergency food and water, now is as good a time as any to set that up (which is basic emergency prep that ideally everyone would have at all times). It sounds like the OP knows where to shelter if needed, which is good to know too.

> maybe work on an evacuation plan.

Bug out bag, copies of all relevant documents sent to your own email address and maybe one or two backups of friends or relatives, have your car fueled up and ready to go, have some cash on hand, make sure that everybody that is coming with you knows exactly what to do if you decide to move and have everything that you plan to take with you (essentials only) in the vehicle you plan to use. Make sure you don't get caught in long lines, better decide to leave early and then to come back later than to decide to leave too late.

Had a long discussion with a friend right on the edge of the conflict last night.

Anything else that might be useful?

It may be obvious, but since it wasn't stated, a planned destination and route options would be good to have, and maybe communicated to trusted family in safe locations.

You can always change them, but writing down your exit criteria may help in case you have trouble deciding, but I agree that it's most likely better to leave early and come back having not needed to leave than to decide to leave too late and not be able to leave.

Extra cannisters of diesel (or petrol if that's what your car uses). I have 100L in five cannisters stashed under my stairs. It'll be useful to give me extra range, but I also imagine that it might end up as some form of currency.

Also think about a gas bottle and burner. You need to cook on something.

Sleeping bag? Tent? Basic medical supplies?

I am not scared, but I do think it is the start of WW3. There are Ukranians fighting tooth and nail for their country right now. I think Russia will eventually push further west than Ukraine and NATO countries will have to defend themselves.

Think about it: they're already committed. There's no coming back from what they have started.

Sure there is. Might just be a coup and done.
That is a nice hope.

I'll caveat my statement: if Putin remains in charge he isn't turning back.

This is as far as I can see accurate. He's gone full Jim Jones 'if you're with me we go down together' mode now and I don't think he cares at all about the lives of the people that will be lost on account of that.
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West is too scared of nuclear war. Putin might actually launch some tactic nukes on NATO bases near Russia to scare the West and force it to move out. But it won't turn into world war. So far Putin successfully played every card and is on its way to restore Russian Empire given enough time. And every time was underestimated by its opponents. If comments in this topic reflect west politician heads, it'll repeat over and over again.
> But it won't turn into world war.

Yes, as if NATO countries literally being nuked somehow isn't world war already.

I have come to the conclusion that this outcome is best to not think about. Perhaps easier said than done. I am trying to push it away from my mind, although not completely successfully.

It is probably also best to limit time following the events. I am struggling with this myself. I think very important with time outdoors, time away from news, and time to enjoy something.

Is Putin still of sound mind and acting rationally? If so, I'm not much worried about a wider conflict or nuclear weapons. Unfortunately, it's not clear he is acting rationally, and if things continue to turn against his favor (which almost every one here is rooting for) we could be facing a desperate madman with nothing to lose.
I'm not scared but I'm alarmed that this is even a remote possibility. A few months ago the sheer idea that we would see an old school invasion by a major power in Europe would have seemed impossible to me. I never contemplated that this was possible in the current world order yet here we are. Not that it could never happen again, but not now or in the foreseeable future. So we were very wrong about this collectively, what other delusions about what is possible are we harbouring?

I am very concerned about Putin's state of mind. This does not appear to be a rational course of action so he's either badly miscalculated, or worse, he's living in an alternate reality. Furthermore, because nukes are part of the equation we must make Putin feel that there is a path to de-escalation. If he gets backed into a corner, and feels like he can't retreat, this could become existential for all of us. I think it's a fairly remote possibility but we cannot rule out the use of WMDs. Either battlefield nukes and chemical weapons in Ukraine or, utter worst case, full blown nuclear war against the West if we confront him head on.

I don't want go be alarmist, the last point is pretty unlikely at this point, but there must be an escape hatch for Putin here. However, if he feels that despite whatever ways out we give him he can't back down as it would end his regime, that could be a worst case scenario. We can't control the political situation in Russia. Could he become "all in" at this point?

> A few months ago the sheer idea that we would see an old school invasion by a major power in Europe would have seemed impossible to me.

I think you are not alone in that. But that only serves to illustrate that we tend to collectively forget the lessons from history way too easily. I grew up at a time when this was pretty much a continuous concern and it never left me so I'm a lot less surprised. But around me I see people - younger people, mostly - go around like the bottom just fell out of their whole worldview.

That's all true for many younger people no doubt. However, as a history graduate it wasn't like I lacked the context. It was more that the necessary preconditions seemed absent in the present era.

With regards to a wider global conflict, my expectation was that it could happen in the coming decades, possibly as a second order effect of climate change. It just seemed that, right now, the variables in the equation were wrong. We didn't reckon with Putin being this way though. He seemed like a difficult thorn in the side of the west, a belligerent and cunning autocrat, but I never saw him confronting Europe in this way. I think he's actually changed. This might be premeditated but I don't think this was his plan 20 years ago whatever anger he harboured towards the west back then.

Dictators rarely go quietly.