This is a good trick to avoid collisions with system commands. Anytime you add one of your own executables to PATH, prefix it with a comma (,). This way you avoid name collisions and have a handy way of seeing what commands are available on your system using tab completion (, then tab lists all of your personal executables)
Again, to reiterate, the original comment was not a statement that this should not have been reposted. I am not sure how I could make that clearer? I have read the site guidelines. Many of them are subjective and inconsistent with unknown applicability. If you, as the administrator, are unable to accept that evaluation, then please just delete this account and all associated posts.
Tomte has >100k karma (that seems insanely high, but also a 10+ year-old account), and a plethora of reposts in his submission history.
If you wanted to juice-up your karma (I can't fathom why someone would bother doing this), it seems like simply reposting popular submissions from previous years is a very easy way to do that (if it was popular on HN in years past, then it's likely it would again). I'm not saying that's Tomte's motivation.
This would also result in interesting/popular submissions resurfacing again and again, which anecdotally I can say I've seen quite a bit on HN. I don't think that's necessarily a bad thing, but perhaps it can get tedious for some. For example, I had not read this post before and found it useful/interesting.
It's an empty file so it does nothing, but most shells' lexers should be smart enough to not try and lex '::'.
Edit: Forgot to mention, this also works with bash functions and aliases. I'm not sure if POSIX sh will allow it. You can also do things like this (again, not sure I'd recommend it):
Sure, but that's not the point. It's just an illustrative example, and I wanted a short absolute path that is easily recognizable to the reader. I'll fix it, though, to avoid having an example with bad security practices, though.
edit: Or I would fix it, but I guess I can't edit it. Oh well.
Plan 9 does that, I'm not sure why it never made it into Unix because I always loved it. Your networking-related commands were in `/bin/ip` and you'd run e.g. `ip/ping 1.1.1.1`. If you created the dir `$home/bin/rc/my` and put scripts in it, they would have been runnable as `my/hello` etc like in your example.
Plan 9 also more or less does away with the concept of $PATH in the first place; just union-mount (with `bind`) whatever you want onto `/bin` and call it a day. Yet another thing that would've been great for Unix-likes to pull in (I think some Linuxen can technically do it, but with some limitations).
no matter which kind of twisted idea someone comes up with related to terminals, there is always a guy who chimes in with "in Plan 9 you can do that...". It makes me smile every time. :)
You could (ab)use home directories for that. I.e. place your hello into /home/my, and then you can invoke it as ~my/hello. You even get namespace completion for free after the `~`.
zsh can do this if you set the PATH_DIRS option, but if I remember right it doesn't autocomplete deeply nested directories, just one level.
I made a little tool that dispatches hierarchical commands in a slightly nicer way, with intelligent autocomplete with command descriptions: https://github.com/ianthehenry/sd
I think shells should support that, allowing you to do
$ my hello
It would mean tools such as git, microk8s and aws wouldn’t have to implement that “look up first argument, check whether it’s a command I know, and if so, run it” on their own, and would have slightly simpler auto complete configs.
It also could mean launching fewer processes (for the case where ‘my’ is a script or executable that looks up the location of ‘hello’ and launches it)
I use this method for aliases in my `.*rc` file so I can remember what the heck I called things. Otherwise, I forget whether I have to type something like `COMMANDNAME-log` or `log-COMMANDNAME` or some other weird combo like `print-COMMANDNAME-log`. With a comma, I type `,<tab>` and get all of my custom commands listed easily.
If I unknowingly named my command the same as some system command and the custom command ends up earlier in my path it doesn't really cause any problems does it? I wasn't using that system command anyways, and my custom command is only going to take priority if my .bashrc file was run first.
I wish it was easier to create "snapshots" of a particular set of environment variables in order to use them later as run environments. I also wish that Unix desktop environments generally made it easier to manage env vars, but that's another complaint. And don't get me started on PAM env vars...
I use Direnv in all of my projects, but it doesn't make it any easier to manage consistent groups of env vars or assign different executables to run in different groups.
Direnv has been mentioned, and it meshes well with functional package managers like Nix and Guix, each of which include the concept of "Profiles". Each profile can access a specific set of programs via it's environment, but PATH is far from the last variable that you can use Direnv or Profiles to control.
I have used a similar windows trick.
I wanted to add to the default window system a place for my library of tools.
Most are "portable" cmd apps from various sources (sysinternals, nirsoft). I put them all into a directory called ] in the root of a drive.
Because of some common layout of keyboards the \ and ] are near each other,
or in reach of left and right pinkies I can type \]\ before the name of the tools. This means I don't even have add a dir to the path.
I am sure this violates someone sensibilities but it has saved time over the years as a consultant when I had to deal with a wonky machine and owner did not want permanent install of diagnostic tools.
I put c:\tools in my path, then put shortcuts to all my tools in there (ie: shortcut to AgentRansack named ar).
Now, I pull up the run command (WND+R) type ar and agent ransack opens.
Unrelated but I heard it's possible to rename c:\ to /usr/bin or something, depending on your usage. I personally wouldn't mind renaming it to ~/<user-name> and be able to use some of my dotfiles in Windows.
I do basically the same thing with any aliases or commands that I have just for me. Except I prefix with _ (an underscore.) Having some sort of prefix is extremely nice as it ensures you never override a built-in on accident, AND it makes it easy to tab complete just the ones that you want.
For example I have ‘_f’ aliased to a fuzzy find command that will launch vim on the selected files, and a different one for launching sql clients to various servers etc.
Do you know any of the history of why your link to `.../Shopify/...` redirects to `.../nix-community/...`? Is the latter an open-source contribution by Shopify?
In the comments, the author argues against the underscore by saying Bash/Zsh already uses it for completion. But it looks like it's a Zsh thing - at least my Bash install is pretty conservative about it.
The issue is that an exploit could write a file in ~/bin/ and trick you in to executing it. But, if something malicious is writing files in your home directory, you've already lost.
I tend to give programs longer, more descriptive names and then do the short names as shell aliases. That way there’s little risk of name collision for the original program, scripts using the canonical name remain readable, and the shorthand is free to evolve to fit varying work habits.
Until you have five commands which all use the prefix `sort-incoming-` and then three commands named `sort-incoming-hourly` and `sort-incoming-monthly` etc.
It would be nice to have camel-case completion in the shell, i.e. have “SIH” be completed to “SortIncomingHourly” and “SIM” to “SortIncomingMonthly”, etc. (only for upper-case characters). That way one could get more mileage out of the possible character combinations.
Why do the names have to be shorter, I never have to type it all out just the first couple of letters and then autocomplete. Dealing with aliases/“shortcuts” is such a pain plus I hate that pattern anyways.
I do something a bit special... Instead of naming my script foobarnator (and hence risking that another foobarnator may exist in the future and may clash with my script), I name my script foobarnatorToBeAliased.sh. Then in my list of aliases I alias foobarnator to foobarnatorToBeAliased.sh.
The alias itself looks a bit weird in that to pass arguments to an aliased command you need to use a function (in Bash at least AFACIT) but it all works fine.
As aliases aren't sourced when other scripts are running, I'm sure my scripts/commands ain't ever going to clash with anything.
I've been doing that since years.
It also works fine to add "wrappers" to existing commands: for example to add additional input sanitization catching common mistakes I'm making when calling some commands.
What has always been a blocker for me to follow your example, is the desire to use many such scripts from the command lines provided inside an $editor or $email client. There probably is a way to configure both of them to see the aliases, but it's more straightforward to just have everything in the PATH.
Yes, it seems cleaner to just put "export PATH=$HOME/bin:$PATH" in $HOME/.bashrc. That avoids collisions with /usr/bin and /usr/local/bin. (Or rather, resolves collisions in favor of your personal bin directory.)
Your PATH is inherited by child processes that you start, including scripts that expect the system version of commands that have the same name as your commands.
> The alias itself looks a bit weird in that to pass arguments to an aliased command you need to use a function (in Bash at least AFACIT) but it all works fine.
No you don't:
$ alias say=echo
$ say beep
beep
You do need to do something special the other way around (if you wrap a command in a function it needs to explicitly pass the arguments on).
Which is why CLIs should come with manuals - there is even a dedicated CLI program to view those (well multiple actually, because standards wouldn't be fun if there was only one).
I've never once had a problem with one of my commands shadowing a system command so I think I will continue on rather than solving this non-problem, thanks.
I mostly read books. I don't want to pick on the author, but since you asked I will be more specific: this idea would fit in a tweet.* It's a good idea, but the long build up reminds me of recipe sites.
* I just use "tweet" as a unit of measure, like "the size of two elephants". I do not advocate the use of twitter.
I almost always add "," in cmd.exe to anything I run from Windows Command Prompt? Why? Because cygwin, or mingw's `dir.exe` would be called instead of built-in dir (well, this is further complicated that I don't really use `cmd.exe` but FAR Commander), so if I want to enforce the built-in over external (same name) command I have to prepend it with "," - so I basically started typing "," in front of each of my commands...
The comma is employed in bash and other shell for brace expansion.[1] I can't see how this would conflict with OP's master plan, but I have fundamental objections towards the depths of OP's laziness. Lazy is ok, but there should not be competition to see who can be laziest. At some point, things just won't compress any further, and the attempt at further streamlining efficiency beyond what is useful has a negative effect on efficiency overall. Besides, tab completion is fine as it is and doesn't need what passes for a hack these days. To be clear, contrary to what OP has claimed about not being creative enough to come up with original script names that won't conflict with the flood of new Linux commands every update (wot? LOL), this is only about the OP not being satisfied with tab completion.
That's a lot of words to say "I don't like this" and insult folks who put time and effort into customizations that improve their own computing experience.
I believe you have made my point quite well once it's understood you are here referring to none other than prefixing script names with a comma. Any words wasted on anything other than the subject is a waste of words, in your comment's case, both ad hominem and straw man fallacies.
Commas can also be used in filenames to help you sort things instead of using underscore as a separator, useful for the same reason -- you don't have to hit shift to type it.
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[ 0.90 ms ] story [ 185 ms ] threadThough it doesn’t mention using ~/bin. I use that but don’t add it to my path, so I have to explicitly call my scripts.
The comment history suggests it isn’t a bit though.
I have a script that creates new ~/bin scripts that checks for collisions locally (functions, builtins, and executables) and in linux distros.
For example, I have a ~/bin/up script on every box and platform to install updates. So far so good on collisions.
Could you please review the site guidelines at https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html and stick to them? Your last sentence there breaks more than one of the rules.
That's what dang was referring to, I believe, not some hypothetical implication.
If you wanted to juice-up your karma (I can't fathom why someone would bother doing this), it seems like simply reposting popular submissions from previous years is a very easy way to do that (if it was popular on HN in years past, then it's likely it would again). I'm not saying that's Tomte's motivation.
This would also result in interesting/popular submissions resurfacing again and again, which anecdotally I can say I've seen quite a bit on HN. I don't think that's necessarily a bad thing, but perhaps it can get tedious for some. For example, I had not read this post before and found it useful/interesting.
Edit: Forgot to mention, this also works with bash functions and aliases. I'm not sure if POSIX sh will allow it. You can also do things like this (again, not sure I'd recommend it):
This is not a secure way of using /tmp.
edit: Or I would fix it, but I guess I can't edit it. Oh well.
Neither do home directories.
I made a little tool that dispatches hierarchical commands in a slightly nicer way, with intelligent autocomplete with command descriptions: https://github.com/ianthehenry/sd
It also could mean launching fewer processes (for the case where ‘my’ is a script or executable that looks up the location of ‘hello’ and launches it)
If it is any consolation, I can't make any sense of this.
docker gives you this (but only as part of a whole ecosystem, which for various reasons you might not want to hitch your horse to).
``` cp () { rsync -avhW --progress --inplace ${@} } ```
If I ever need to use the `cp` binary, I execute `=cp`, which evaluates to `/bin/cp`.
Because of some common layout of keyboards the \ and ] are near each other, or in reach of left and right pinkies I can type \]\ before the name of the tools. This means I don't even have add a dir to the path.
I am sure this violates someone sensibilities but it has saved time over the years as a consultant when I had to deal with a wonky machine and owner did not want permanent install of diagnostic tools.
Post-vista, c:\programdata\tools
Set yourself a %TOOLS% environment variable.
For example I have ‘_f’ aliased to a fuzzy find command that will launch vim on the selected files, and a different one for launching sql clients to various servers etc.
As a prefix, commas work great!
Also in the article itself, the author argues against any prefix char that requires using the shift key.
That allows me to type `soriloco`, punch ctrl+r and be prompted with `some ridiculously long command` (if, of course, I've run it before).
Combined with infinite history this trick has saved me a bunch of typing and even proper remembering. :P
[0]: https://github.com/junegunn/fzf
The alias itself looks a bit weird in that to pass arguments to an aliased command you need to use a function (in Bash at least AFACIT) but it all works fine.
As aliases aren't sourced when other scripts are running, I'm sure my scripts/commands ain't ever going to clash with anything.
I've been doing that since years.
It also works fine to add "wrappers" to existing commands: for example to add additional input sanitization catching common mistakes I'm making when calling some commands.
No you don't:
You do need to do something special the other way around (if you wrap a command in a function it needs to explicitly pass the arguments on)..foo1,.foo2, .foo3, and so on.
I’m gonna start them with `å` just to be a little different.
I'm genuinely interested to know whether you read longform text at all.
* I just use "tweet" as a unit of measure, like "the size of two elephants". I do not advocate the use of twitter.
Last but not least, I automated the whole thing with bash-ctx (https://github.com/gregnavis/bash-ctx).
[1] https://superuser.com/a/184493
I believe you have made my point quite well once it's understood you are here referring to none other than prefixing script names with a comma. Any words wasted on anything other than the subject is a waste of words, in your comment's case, both ad hominem and straw man fallacies.