Ask HN: What benefits are important to you when choosing a job?

22 points by altdataseller ↗ HN
What benefits are important to you? By benefits, I mean things like health insurance, a good 401k match, parental leave, unlimited PTO, free lunch/snacks, education reimbursement, remote work, etc

112 comments

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In the US so health insurance and PTO, then 401k. Hate unlimited vacation, I like owning my time off.

I'm a hardware engineer so remote work isn't very important for me. I don't really want a full lab at my home. Other things are nice but pale in comparison to having good work, good coworkers, good boss, and management I can respect.

> Hate unlimited vacation, I like owning my time off.

I'm curious what you mean by "owning" your time off. I wonder if this is moreso a problem with how unlimited vacation is sometimes implemented than the idea of unlimited vacation itself.

I don't think there's a good way to implement it, unless it's actually unlimited, i.e. you can stay at home for two years while getting paid and it's fine.

If that's not fine, then it's not actually unlimited, and you have to guess where the limit is - so you can't really be guaranteed a certain number of days off.

Though I guess an org could still set a minimum and then call it unlimited, though in practice I expect that that minimum is basically also the maximum.

If you leave a normal job, you'd be paid your accrued vacation leave. In "unlimited" setups, this gets murky, and normally turns into two weeks. Without a decent ledger, there becomes a stigma to actually using the time. When you "own" that time, it removes the anxiety for both parties.
The problem is that "unlimited vacation" is (obviously) not actually unlimited. All it really means is that you can never be quite sure how much vacation you are entitled to. It will of course depend on the company, but as I understand it, "unlimited vacation" rarely actually means that you get even as much as is legally mandated by most European countries (4-6 weeks a year).
If you have a fixed PTO allocation, in most states and circumstances, you literally "own" that time. If you are fired, that balance must be paid out. In most states, if you quit, that balance must be paid out.

Like GP, I'm strongly opposed to "unlimited PTO" policies. For the few devs and workers that are helped by it, I think there are too many cases where the ambiguity and uncertainty makes people take less PTO than under a fairly generous, spelled-out policy (and there is usually no accrued balance to be paid out if you leave having taken less than the normal amount).

I won't go quite so far as to say I'd quit if my company made the transition, but it is a strong negative if that is on the benefits docket.

>Hate unlimited vacation

In my company it means you can take the time off whenever you want, but we are understaffed, so if you take time off the whole project will be stopped and we won't raise money. But of course you can take vacation as much as you want.

So for the last 2 years I have had max 3 consecutive days off (and only once). I will never buy bs "unlimited PTO" again.

Sounds like a problem for management, not you. Go take your vacation and stop being abused and exploited by management.
We are super small company, there is no management. I'm teamlead/backend developer/project manager. If I go, the whole development stops. That's how it is.

But yeah, I started sending my CV already.

What constitutes excellent health insurance for you? Is it the company they offer it from? (Ie United healthcare)? How much premiums they pay for?

What do you look for in a 401k?

Unlimited PTO is a scam and if anything makes an offer look less attractive.
I've seen (rarely) unlimited with enforced minimum, which fixes the worst problems
This is the best case scenario.

I too subscribe to "unlimited PTO" being a scam.

1. It is NOT unlimited and should be illegal to advertise that

2. It is still at management discretion so it's not like you can be sure you can always take off whenever you want.

3. It is usually capped at 2 or 3 consecutive weeks so even if there is a minimum of 4 weeks you can't take all 4 at once at many companies.

4. Companies are happy to nickel and dime you but they abhor it happening to them and this is, IMO, largely a play to avoid vacation accrual and/or vacation time payout.

Then there's stuff like this:

> Paid time off (PTO) is not considered part of an employee's salary, so it can be docked without jeopardizing the employee's exempt status ... the court held that PTO is a fringe benefit with monetary value, not a component of salary under federal law.

https://www.shrm.org/resourcesandtools/legal-and-compliance/...

For me it has two problems: - Legal - in some places people has the right to take a minimum vacation days per year. If you as a manager don't enforce a minimum, then you're putting a legal risk. - Personal - When I joined the team one person had 6 vacation days last year. She was burnt but didn't knew it. It was hard to notice since she was an hyperactive person that took long hours because she lived in a place where nothing to do. Having mandatory time off made her think about her life.
Depends on how it is managed. We have unlimited PTO, AND I require _all_ team members to have a minimum (22) vacation days.

It it is a concern to you, please ask during interview.

Remote work, 30 days minimum vacation. The rest is governed by law in Sweden.

Edit: 25 days vacation is the minimum vacation

I wouldn't say it's by law, I'd say it's governed by the unions.

If the company you're applying to doesn't have CBA, you might not have some benefits you might be taking for granted, namely pension (ITP)

Some companies (especially in the US) have unlimited PTO. I don’t like that. I think the better benefit is a large amount of defined leave. Preferably the company will have a mandatory leave policy.
What's the concern with unlimited PTO? (You're not the only one in this thread to express this and I'm legitimately curious.)
Without an enforced minimum you could be pressured either actively or passively into not taking as much PTO as you would have otherwise.
Because it's not actually unlimited in practice. After all, you would definitely be fired for taking an entire year off.

So, when a company says "unlimited," what it tends to mean in reality is "there's a limit, but we won't tell you what it is." This manifests itself in people with unlimited PTO taking (on average) less time off than people with defined number of days.

When you have a defined number of days, you know exactly what the limit is. In my experience, this results in people using most (if not all) of their vacation days.

I will note that this largely seems to be a US thing.

I have it and strongly dislike it. “Undefined PTO” is a much better term than “Unlimited PTO”.

There is a limit, the company just delegates the definition of that limit to team leads. It makes planning holidays uncomfortable since it’s never quite clear whether you’re pushing a boundary.

Generally I just stick to the UK norm of 25-27 days plus public holidays.

A generous but fixed allowance that you’re actually expected to use in full would be a much better system.

From my perspective (with is not the American one): it feels like for every PTO day you need to convince your team/manager to get that day off. It's like they are making you a favour. Also, I know beforehand that "unlimited" is not unlimited (I think it's kinda obvious), but then how many days can I ask for? Is it 10? Is it 15? Is it 28? Let's say I have already asked 20 days off, and I see around most of my colleagues have only asked 10, that may trigger on me the idea of "damn, I probably shouldn't ask another day off". Or perhaps my manager thinks that I have been taking "too many" days off already.

So, "unlimited" PTO is highly subjective. I prefer to be explicit about it and state the exact number of vacation days I am entitled to.

I believe there is another part to this - Normally if there is a defined amount of PTO which accumulates over time, the company will have to buy it out when the employee leaves. If the PTO is "unlimited", nothing accumulates, so there isn't anything to buy out other than any statutory holiday entitlement.
Good health insurance is table stakes. 401k match is nice, but not as crucial to people making as much as well paid tech workers.

Remote work and unlimited PTO are amazing bennies. It just lets you deal with life as it comes and, when other things in life line up, go take extended trips/vacations and work from somewhere else and experience other locales. It truly enables working to live, rather than living to work.

I will say though that unlimited vacation has to have a good company culture around it, otherwise it's just a scam that encourages people to overwork and burnout.

What constitutes excellent health insurance for you? Is it the company they offer it from? (Ie United healthcare)? How much premiums they pay for?
Remote work (because I need to be near family), then salary/total comp. Those are the only two things I really care about. I take advantage of insurance and 401k match etc when I can but it’s not the deciding factor.
Beyond the typical, I have the luxury of working at a nonprofit where my day to day effort does not simply go towards the increasing of someone else's yatch purchases. I am an extremely jaded person and find it difficult to apply myself when I see the extraordinary waste that big businesses produce. Oh, you want me to work hard and be efficient but you get to expense everything under the sun and get above inflation pay raises. I see a lot less of that at a nonprofit.
I live in the USA, so if they don't have excellent health insurance, it's a non-starter.

I'm past the likelihood of doing another degree myself, but having a robust education reimbursement suggests that they are investing properly in employee growth.

If they aren't within about a 20 minutes commute, they need to have remote work available. I don't mind coming in occasionally for longer distances, but remote work is now a competitive standard, not an option.

Everything else is negotiable. Flexible policies about PTO are, I think, better than 'unlimited PTO' -- be generous and have flexibility at every manager's discretion, we'll be good.

What constitutes excellent health insurance for you? Is it the company they offer it from? (Ie United healthcare)? How much premiums they pay for?
The second part is easy to judge across companies; the first part is harder.

For example, I won't work for a company whose health insurance only has religiously-affiliated hospitals. That's almost 1/5 of US hospitals, and it generally means that they put their religious goals above my choices.

Unlimited PTO would be a negative. It really isn’t unlimited, and it is basically a hidden number in your managers’s head.

With defined PTO, everyone knows how many days you are entitled to. In addition, if you get laid off, you get money for your unused vacation days.

Other than the usual health insurance, etc, the biggest thing I am looking for would be full-time remote.

Not sure where you work but absolutely nowhere do managers tell devs what to do. They just have to accept whatever time they take off.

At GE everyone I knew took a lot of time off--including myself. At least 30 days per year and some quite a bit more. If you took less it was because your group didn't have a budget hammered out and all work had stopped anyway. I knew a dev that built houses until we had funded projects. I didn't work any of December in addition to my ad-hoc vacations throughout the year. Life lived. In no way shape or form do I like earned PTO. That's the scam.

I'm a highly paid consultant/partner/owner now and I have to fund my time off. Do not like it. I'm paying maximum taxes on all of my PTO. Tax position has a huge impact for high earners and getting boxed into a non-optimal rule/strategy is very costly.

When I take time off I don't bill, and I have to pay out of savings AND I pay tax on the savings. Meh.

• In-office work (for all employees) is #1

• Health insurance is a close second

• Work hours are next most important

• Reasonable salary and PTO matter but not hugely. As long as it’s generally fair I don’t need/want to wring every possible cent out of my employer.

• I don’t value reimbursements, snacks, etc. at all. I’d rather just spend the money I’m paid on things I want.

You’re the first person outside of the c-suite I’ve heard demand in-office work for everyone. Maybe you are in the c-suite?
Sounds very much like management at least.
Some people like being in the office. If you're a person that likes being in the office, it's not fun if there's nobody else in there with you (as is often the case in hybrid or remote-optional work environments).

It's not for everyone, and it's certainly not something that I'm interested in. But it's not unreasonable that someone prefers in office and isn't management.

I have the same: - I don't have great work conditions at home - I live in the city so commuting is not a problem(currently it's 7 min by bike) - I enjoy having face to face contact with coworkers

I still can work remotely but I mostly work from office

Nope! I just prefer working in-office with other people in an office.
> • In-office work (for all employees) is #1

Why for all employees? Why not just for your team? Or your area? Or your department? E.g., if you are an engineer, why do you care that the marketing team has to be in the office as well?

Unless C-level. Then I would understand.

Not C-Level. I just prefer being in an office and working at a company that values that as well. I do prefer smaller companies (15 or fewer people is ideal) so the "my team" thing doesn't apply as much. If you're not willing/able to find 5-15 people who will sit in a room together and work, I'm not particularly interested.
What constitutes excellent health insurance for you? Is it the company they offer it from? (Ie United healthcare)? How much premiums they pay for?
I didn't say excellent health insurance lol. Just that health insurance is something that matters to me. I have Type 1 diabetes and basically know that I'm going to get fucked by almost every health insurance in existence.

Basically I want to have some confidence that I can keep my yearly healthcare costs below $7,500. That's assuming nothing else unexpected happens. Generally, I'm looking for a Gold plan or better with as much of the premium paid by the employer as possible.

Top notch high deductible health insurance. A managed debit card to pay the deductible (company paid). 401k match (negates the fees). Unlimited PTO. Flexible work schedule that is up to me.

The health insurance plus debit card allow you to have an HSA you never have to touch. HSA is tax deferred, grows tax free once invested, and is tax free withdrawal at 72. The advanced age makes this somewhat unattractive but you can use the money before that (at 60+) for healthcare expenses.

Stay away from the free snacks so you don't have to use your HSA.

> HSA is tax deferred, grows tax free once invested, and is tax free withdrawal at 72.

Careful. They grow tax free at the Federal level, but if you are in California, your HSA gains are subject to state tax. If your HSA investments pay taxable interest or dividends, or if you sell something at a gain, you'll owe additional income taxes in California.

In Europe Austria where Health Insurance is a given: max 32h work week (4 days), good pay and remote or hybrid is what people - in my bubble - are looking for.
What bubble is this? I might be out of touch, but I've always considered a 4 day work week to be fairly uncommon.
Tech / Dev - Bubble in Central Europe
No idea about Austria but ~10y ago it was very uncommon in Germany and kinda common in Switzerland. For Germany I can only talk about developer and general "office" jobs, whereas in the social sector and in retail 32h/4d were more common. From what I heard in Switzerland it didn't really matter where you worked, if you wanted to go 4 days it was not a stretch of imagination (maybe still only white collar jobs). Have lost my connections so no idea how it is now, but going to 4 days has gotten some uptick in Germany.
Being able to have a three-day weekend.
Ideally with the rule being company wide so that your not ostracized for taking it.
The weight loss medications I’m on are over $1k/month. My current company doesn’t cover them. After losing almost 70lbs in a year (using a $25/month coupon), I’m now looking at $15k/year in order to keep this weight off.

That, and remote work. I have no interest in ever going back into the office. Even a modest 30min commute each way just feels like an unnecessary waste of my life. It’s like writing a document for hours which will only be read by your manager, and then for your manager to provide you with detailed feedback on how to improve the document, and expect you to update the document. I could do without that too.

Out of interest and only if you're comfortable sharing, what is this medication?
Mounjaro. There are similar ones, such as Wegovy. They’re both over $1k/month, but an absolute game changer in weight loss and weight management. Unfortunately the studies following discontinuation of these medications, show that the weight comes back - yes, even with diet and exercise.
> even with diet and exercise.

Sorry but if you use more calories than you consume, how can that be the case? It just seems like a big commitment to spend 1k a month indefinitely.

I’m happy to cite the studies. Certainly the people did consume more than they exercised, but the results were pretty universal. I’d like to think I was special, but likely just the same as others. When I was in my 20’s and 30’s, diet and exercise worked. Now that I’m in my 40’s… not so much. There seems to be more benefit than just weight loss. Cardiovascular health dramatically improves. My blood pressure is now normal. My brain seems to function better, as if I were 25 again. Alcohol doesn’t seem to have much lure any more. I may drink 3 drinks a week, compared to 10 prior, and now it’s just to be social. I could drink a non-alcoholic beer, and it would have virtually the same impact - pleasure wise.
Remote ranks number 1 for me. Being flexible with working hours and PTO is another.

Most other benefits can be solved with your base salary figure. For example, if you don't offer health insurance but you pay +$15,000 more than a competitor then it doesn't matter. You could make a case this is preferred because now the employee has a choice on what to do with that money.

I've seen a number of interesting things over the years like every Friday off for 3-4 months during the summer or $250 towards holiday meals near the end of the year. Gestures like this go a long ways and could be an indicator that the company understands employee happiness.

It's funny to see all the US comments being like "what Europeans are getting by default".
We pay for it though, with lower salaries and higher taxes.
But those taxes mean that things like health-care, childcare, schools, public transport, and all those other things work well.

Sure more money would be nice, but having decent maternity/paternity leave, a good work-life balance, no expectation of working on-call for free, etc, all add up.

For me benefits I value include a nice central office, free transport allowance, free phone, a decent sauna, interesting colleagues, and the ability to work from home as/when I feel the mood take me.

I've experienced the sweet EU benefits and the quality of life those taxes provide, and also having none of that while making top dollar. As a younger engineer, it's probably a good idea to go for the latter. But for the last stretch of my career I'd choose the security for sure.
I mean yes, it's fair game. Benefits without paying just mean someone else is paying the cost for us.
I expect a reasonably large holiday entitlement, fully remote working and a realistic salary, not reduced by the benefits package.

The benefits are however much less important than not working for complete fuckwits.

Edit: +healthcare if I lived somewhere that was a problem!

I keep a very strict boundary between work time and not-work time. I quickly respond to emails and phone calls during work hours, but I do not have email on my phone and I don't check my email when I'm not at work. Only my boss has my cell number. It's not published in the company directory.

There are rare times when a critical report has gone down (I'm a BI developer) when my boss will call me, and that's fine. But I make it a strong point to keep those to a minimum and to keep the boundary between work and home life very solid.

You guys have the luxury of picking jobs? I'll take whatever I can get at this point.
I’m more interested with the story behind your username OP.

What Alt Data are you selling?

I wouldn't consider a job that's not 100% remote.
While I appreciate fully remote can be a nice perk for some people, comments like this expecting it to be a requirement is so strange.

So nothing of salary, actual project you would be working on, people you might be working with etc. Nope, if I don't work remote I don't work.

Sounds a little 'entitled' to me, but each to their own.

It's a question of what you value. I find remote work much more productive and I loathe commuting. I value location independence.

Of course this is all given the choice between one or the other. If I couldn't find work and was desperate, I would do what it takes, and so would most people.

On the topic of salary, yes if you offer me a fuck ton of money I would be willing to commute to an office, but the sum that would make it worth it is just not realistic. It's tough to put a price on comfort and time.

Not sure how it's entitled though, there are some employers that are ok with full remote and others that aren't. How is it entitled to not consider potential employers that are demanding the opposite of what I want in a job?

"unlimited PTO" is not a benefit. I want the clear right to an amount of PTO, not the opportunity to negotiate for it . As such, a company advertising "unlimited PTO" goes to the bottom of my list as having dishonest management.

Remote work is my #1

Health insurance didn't used to be important in the UK but it's looking like it might be in the future.

This depends on culture. I've taken amounts of PTO that are unfathomable as an enumerated quantity of days. Think 35-45 days off in a year.
I have a contractual right to 37 days in the UK, so it's not unfathomable.
For most Americans, it is definitely out of reach.
Sure, but given the commenter you were replying to was in the UK, it's not an insane figure in the UK even if 45 is on the high-end.
I am in the US and have 35+ days in my package and cannot fathom a situation short of major illness where I will use them all in a calendar year.

I realize that it is cultural and probably due my generation’s reputation for work ethic and disregard for work/life balances. I also have been lucky in that I am rarely sick enough to miss work and being remote just means you power through it (I have lost only a half day to sick time in the last 15 years). I see sick days eating up a lot of my colleagues paid time off.

I think on average I probably take a total of 20 days off a year, broken out as 10 days around Christmas/new years, 5 mid/late summer, then 5 around other holidays to extend a weekend.

Under our enumerated policy, I have 23 days of PTO plus 9 company-chosen holidays plus 5 sick days per year plus a 4-week contiguous sabbatical every 5 years. I have also taken 45 days off in a year under this enumerated policy. It's not unfathomable to take 35-45 days off in a given year. (I'm in the US.)
That sounds impressive unless you work in Europe where its normal.
Personally, I find unlimited PTO useful not for actual vacations but for instances like taking a Friday off to drive somewhere for the weekend or taking a half day to help a friend move. Basically it prevents my vacation time from getting nickel and dimed.

The ideal would be some sort of policy that specified a number of vacation days and provided flexibility for incidentally being out of the office.

> Health insurance didn't used to be important in the UK but it's looking like it might be in the future

Future? lol

Would take me month to get 'non-private' doctor appointment

My health insurance gets billed large sums for thr whole family. Uk is becoming like US, but with 1/3 the wages

I always mentally autocorrect "unlimited PTO" to "there is a limit to PTO, but we won't tell you what it is!"
"Depends on how much the boss likes you, and what mood they are in when you ask."
It also guarantees you will not be compensated for the PTO you didn’t use when you resign.

Many places that accrue PTO will pay out for unused days at your departure.

Absolutely agree with this! This is an underhanded way for companies to avoid paying out unused PTO on termination or the employee leaving
From The Netherlands

1. Company culture where people are not dickheads to each other, and take into account that their colleagues are also humans with lives outside work

2. Working 4 instead of 5 days

3. Allowed to work 50% or more remote

unlimited PTO - rewards slackers, punishes workers and when you leave, you won't get paid for any untaken.

Also, it's BS: unless I can take a year off on my first day, then it's not unlimited.

IOW, "come work for me if you're gullible"

Does the work sound like it'll still be interesting in a couple of years time? If I'm going to invest my time in a company, I want it to be something where I'll grow from it, and learning enough that it keeps me interested and engaged. If I know I'll want to leave within a year, what's the point in changing jobs?

Does it pay enough that suggests they value my contribution and care about my ideas? Actually, my living costs are relatively low because I've paid off my house and don't have a family. I don't need the highest pay available, but conversely a low offer means that they almost certainly won't value the work I'll be doing.

Location should be close to where I currently live, or somewhere I'd like to live, or fully remote.

Unlimited PTO sounds terrible to me - most people will feel guilty for taking time off, and those that don't will be noticed by their manager as taking more PTO than everyone else. In the UK, there's a legal minimum anyway, and most companies give you 25 days plus public holidays (more than the minimum).

Snacks, freebies, work events are just tweaks to quality of life. If you already love the job, they'll just make things even better. If you have any issues with the job, or if you're considering an offer elsewhere, these honestly make no difference in the grand scheme of things. Think what your hourly rate is, and pretty soon you'll realise that even getting free food when you work overtime is a terrible trade - e.g. the largest pizza you can order is probably still less than an hour's work, but you probably won't get food unless you're working multiple hours overtime. Also, fruit or snacks are cheap anyway. It's nice to not have to buy it, but really you're probably being paid more in the time it takes you to eat it than it cost. It's no big deal to buy your own if you're somewhere that doesn't provide free snacks!