Ask HN: Share your AI prompt that stumps every model

440 points by owendarko ↗ HN
I had an idea for creating a crowdsourced database of AI prompts that no AI model could yet crack (wanted to use some of them as we're adding new models to Kilo Code).

I've seen a bunch of those prompts scattered across HN, so thought to open a thread here so we can maybe have a centralied location for this.

Share your prompt that stumps every AI model here.

669 comments

[ 4.2 ms ] story [ 283 ms ] thread
You might want to get the ball rolling by sharing what you already have
Also, ones that can't be solved at a glance by humans don't count. Like this horrid ambiguous example from SimpleBench I saw a while back that's just designed to confuse:

John is 24 and a kind, thoughtful and apologetic person. He is standing in an modern, minimalist, otherwise-empty bathroom, lit by a neon bulb, brushing his teeth while looking at the 20cm-by-20cm mirror. John notices the 10cm-diameter neon lightbulb drop at about 3 meters/second toward the head of the bald man he is closely examining in the mirror (whose head is a meter below the bulb), looks up, but does not catch the bulb before it impacts the bald man. The bald man curses, yells 'what an idiot!' and leaves the bathroom. Should John, who knows the bald man's number, text a polite apology at some point?

A. no, because the lightbulb was essentially unavoidable

B. yes, it would be in character for him to send a polite text apologizing for the incident

C. no, because it would be redundant

D. yes, because it would potentially smooth over any lingering tension from the encounter

E. yes, because John saw it coming, and we should generally apologize if we fail to prevent harm

F. yes because it is the polite thing to do, even if it wasn't your fault.

I'd argue that's a pretty good test for an LLM - can it overcome the red herrings and get at the actual problem?
I think that the "actual problem" when you've been given such a problem is with the person posing it either having dementia, or taking the piss. In either case, the response shouldn't be of trying to guess their intent and come up with a "solution", but of rejecting it and dealing with the person.
At a glance, it sounds like John is the bald man? If we're treating this as a riddle, it doesn't seem incomprehensible. Whether riddles are a fair test is another question.
Yeah I really dislike this kind of question from SimpleBench. I've suggested many improvements to some of the publicly available questions but not had a good response.

I think the correct answer to the question above should be something like, "are you sure the question is correct because it's not clear whether John and the bald man are the same person" but of course an LLM would be marked down if it was inclined to respond in this way.

I think it's a horrible example, but I just got a very professional response from Gemini 2.5:

> This scenario seems like a bit of a riddle! Let's break it down:

> The Setting: John is alone in an "otherwise-empty" bathroom.

> The Action: He is looking in the mirror.

> The Observation: He sees a bulb falling towards the head of a bald man he is examining in the mirror.

> The Physics: Since he is alone and looking in the mirror, the bald man he is "closely examining" must be his own reflection.

> The Incident: Therefore, the bulb fell towards John's own head. He looked up (at the actual bulb falling towards him), failed to catch it, and it hit him.

> The Reaction: The "bald man" who cursed, yelled "what an idiot!", and left the bathroom was actually John himself, reacting to being hit on the head and possibly feeling foolish for not catching the bulb.

> Conclusion: No, John should not text an apology. The person who was hit by the bulb, got angry, and left was John himself. There is no other bald man to apologize to.

This example has a lot of common-sense reasoning, linguistic ambiguity (e.g. in NP coreferences) etc. going on.

Just a few years ago, most folks at a computational linguistics conference would probably have said such abilities are impossible to achieve at least during their lifetime.

Write 20 sentences that end with "p"
for ChatGPT try the "o" version: Write 20 sentences that end with "o"
Good one. I do seem to get consistently good results on Gemini 2.5 when using the slightly more explicit "Write 20 sentences where the very last character of each sentence is the letter 'p'."

  Write 20 sentences that end with "p" in the final word before the period or other punctuation.
Succeeded on ChatGPT, pretty close on gemma3:4b -- the exceptions usually ending with a "puh" sound...
A ball costs 5 cents more than a bat. Price of a ball and a bat is $1.10. Sally has 20 dollars. She stole a few balls and bats. How many balls and how many bats she has?

All LLMs I tried miss the point that she stole things and not bought them

Google Gemini (2.0 Flash, free online version) handled this rather okay; it gave me an arguably unneccessary calculation of the individual prices of ball and bat, but then ended with "However with the information given, we can't determine exactly how many balls and bats Sally stole. The fact that she has $20 tells us she could have stolen some, but we don't know how many she did steal." While "the fact that she has $20" has no bearing on this - and the model seems to wrongly imply that it does - the fact that we have insufficient information to determine an answer is correct, and the model got the answer essentially right.
gemini 2.5 give following response.

Conclusion:

We can determine the price of a single ball ($0.575) and a single bat ($0.525). However, we cannot determine how many balls and bats Sally has because the information "a few" is too vague, and the fact she stole them means her $20 wasn't used for the transaction described.

lol, nice way to circumvent the attention algorithm
Grok 3.0 wasn’t fooled on this one, either:

Final Answer: The problem does not provide enough information to determine the exact number of balls and bats Sally has. She stole some unknown number of balls and bats, and the prices are $0.575 per ball and $0.525 per bat.

(comment deleted)
1-4 balls and bats // HoMM 3
There's a repo out there called "misguided attention" that tracks this kind of problems.
It's interesting to me that the answers showing "correct" answers from current models still don't strike me as correct. The question is unanswerable, but not only because we don't know how many balls and bats she stole. We don't know that she had any intention of maxing out what she could buy with that much money. We have no idea how long she has been alive and accumulating bats and balls at various prices that don't match the current prices with money she no longer has. We have no idea how many balls and bats her parents gave her 30 years ago that she still has stuffed in a box in her attic somewhere.

Even the simplest possible version of this question, assuming she started with nothing, spent as much money as she was able to, and stole nothing, doesn't have an answer, because she could have bought anything from all bats and no balls to all balls and no bats and anything in between. We could enumerate all possible answers but we can't know which she actually did.

GPT-4o claims "This implies she did not pay the full $20. The total cost of the balls and bats she has is less than $20, but she still has items worth up to $20.", then bruteforces an 'answer' of "Balls = 25 Bats = 13".

It also managed to get the prices of the ball/bat wrong, presumably because it's using the more typical riddle:

> Ball = x dollars

> Bat = x + $0.05 (since it’s 5 cents more than the ball)

https://chatgpt.com/share/680ac88c-22d4-8011-b642-0397a01ec3...

I don't have a prompt per-say.. but recently I have managed to ask certain questions of both openai o1/o3 and claude extended thinking 3.7 that have spiraled way out of control. A simple high-level architecture question with an emphasis on do not produce code lets just talk thru this yields nearly 1,000 lines of SQL. Once the conversation/context gets quite long it is more likely to occur, in my experience.
The only model I've seen so far that doesn't end up going crazy with long contexts with Gemini 2.5 pro, but tbf I haven't gone past 700-750k total tokens so maybe as it starts to approach the limit (1.05M) things get hairy?
I tried Gemini Pro 2.5 with a lot of context: all the documentation for a system and several papers of interest, then asking it to use the system tom implement the proposed solution in the papers. The total context was over 500k words, so with usual estimates probably over 700k tokens.

The answers started out ok, but fairly quickly it seemed to loose track of the mid-stuff in the documentation, insisting on using one concept instead of another even when I explicitly told it not to. Full attention on 1M context is not really feasible (I don't believe that Google actually stores upwards of 1T of data just for my query), and there are various ways LLMs use selective attention. I'm not sure if Google has published anything on how they do it?

Create a Three.js app that shows a diamond with correct light calculations.
I love this. So brutal, but also so cool to know one day that will be easy for the models.
> correct light calculations

What are you expecting? Ray tracing?

Not necessarily. It could start by using diamond's IOR, and use that to dictate a common brdf calculation. Along with some approximate refraction, perhaps using a equirectangular projected sphere map or something for the background.
Nope, not doing this. Likely you shouldn't either. I don't want my few good prompts to get picked up by trainers.
May I ask outside of normal curiosity, what good is a prompt that breaks a model? And what is trying to keep it "secret"?
Being able to test future models without fear that your prompt has just been trained on an answer on HN, I assume.
To gauge how well the models "think" and what amount of slop they generate.

Keeping it secret because I don't want my answers trained into a model.

Think of it this way, FizzBuzz used to be a good test to weed out bad actors. It's simple enough that any first year programmer can do it and do it quickly. But now everybody knows to prep for FizzBuzz so you can't be sure if your candidate knows basic programming or just memorized a solution without understanding what it does.

You want to know if a new model is actually better, which you won't know if they just added the specific example to the training set. It's like handing a dev on your team some failing test cases, and they keep just adding special cases to make the tests pass.

How many examples does OpenAI train on now that are just variants of counting the Rs in strawberry?

I guess they have a bunch of different wine glasses in their image set now, since that was a meme, but they still completely fail to draw an open book with the cover side up.

> How many examples does OpenAI train on now that are just variants of counting the Rs in strawberry?

Well, that's easy: zero.

Because even a single training example would 'solved' it by memorizing the simple easy answer within weeks of 'strawberry' first going viral , which was like a year and a half ago at this point - and dozens of minor and major model upgrades since. And yet, the strawberry example kept working for most (all?) of that time.

So you can tell that if anything, OA probably put in extra work to filter all those variants out of the training data...

No, just check their models Knowledge cutoff dates
Nope! The knowledge cutoff does not show lack of leakage. Even if you get a non-confabulated cutoff which was before anyone ever asked the strawberry question or any question like it (tokenization 'gotchas' go back to at least davinci in June 2020), there is still leakage from the RLHF and tuning process which collectively constitute post-training, and which would teach the LLMs how to solve the strawberry problem. People are pretty sure about this: the LLMs are way too good at guessing things like who won Oscars or Presidential elections. This leakage is strongest for the most popular questions... which of course the strawberry question would be, as it keeps going viral and has become the deboooonkers' favorite LLM gotcha.

(This is, by the way, why you can't believe any LLM paper about 'forecasting' where they are just doing backtesting, and didn't actually hold out future events. Because there are way too many forms of leakage at this point. This logic may have worked for davinci-001 and davinci-002, or a model whose checkpoints you downloaded yourself, but not for any of the big APIs like GPT or Claude or Gemini...)

I always point out how the strawberry thing is a semi pointless exercise anyway.

Because it gets tokenised, of course a model could never count the rs.

But I suppose if we want these models to be capable of anything then these things need to be accounted for.

If that prompt can be easily trained against, it probably doesn't exploit a generic bias. These are not that interesting, and there's no point in hiding them.
generic biases can also be fixed
*Some generic biases. Some others like recency bias, serial-position effect, "pink elephant" effect, negation accuracy seem to be pretty fundamental and are unlikely to be fixed without architectural changes, or at all. Things exploiting in-context learning and native context formatting are also hard to suppress during the training without making the model worse.
Sure there is. If you want to know if students understand the material, you don't hand out the answers to the test ahead of time.

Collecting a bunch of "Hard questions for LLMs" in one place will invariably result in Goodhart's law (When a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure). You'll have no idea if the next round of LLMs is better because they're generally smarter, or because they were trained specifically on these questions.

Write a regular expression that matches Miqo'te seekers of the sun names. They always confuse the male and female naming conventions.
"Tell me about the Marathon crater."

This works against _the LLM proper,_ but not against chat applications with integrated search. For ChatGPT, you can write, "Without looking it up, tell me about the Marathon crater."

This tests self awareness. A two-year-old will answer it correctly, as will the dumbest person you know. The correct answer is "I don't know".

This works because:

1. Training sets consist of knowledge we have, and not of knowledge we don't have.

2. Commitment bias. Complaint chat models will be trained to start with "Certainly! The Marathon Crater is a geological formation", or something like that, and from there, the next most probable tokens are going to be "in Greece", "on Mars" or whatever. At this point, all tokens that are probable are also incorrect.

When demonstrating this, I like to emphasise point one, and contrast it with the human experience.

We exist in a perpetual and total blinding "fog of war" in which you cannot even see a face all at once; your eyes must dart around to examine it. Human experience is structured around _acquiring_ and _forgoing_ information, rather than _having_ information.

(comment deleted)
>Complaint chat models will be trained to start with "Certainly!

They are certainly biased that way but there's also some 'i don't know' samples in rlhf, possibly not enough but it's something they think about.

At any rate, Gemini 2.5pro passes this just fine

>Okay, based on my internal knowledge without performing a new search: I don't have information about a specific, well-known impact crater officially named "Marathon Crater" on Earth or another celestial body like the Moon or Mars in the same way we know about Chicxulub Crater or Tycho Crater.

>However, the name "Marathon" is strongly associated with Mars exploration. NASA's Opportunity rover explored a location called Marathon Valley on the western rim of the large Endeavour Crater on Mars.

There are a few problems with an „I don’t know” sample. For starters, what does it map to? Recall, the corpus consists of information we have (affirmatively). You would need to invent a corpus of false stimuli. What you would have, then, is a model that is writing „I don’t know” based on whether the stimulus better matches something real, or one of the negatives.

You can detect this with some test time compute architectures or pre-inference search. But that’s the broader application. This is a trick for the model alone.

The Chain of Thought in the reasoning models (o3, R1, ...) will actually express some self-doubt and backtrack on ideas. That tells me there's a least some capability for self-doubt in LLMs.
That's not sslf-doubt, that's programmed in.

A Poorman's "thinking" hack was to edit the context of the ai reply to where you wanted it to think and truncate it there, and append a carriage return and "Wait..." Then hit generate.

It was expensive because editing context isn't, you have to resend (and it has to re-parse) the entire context.

This was injected into the thinking models, I hope programmatically.

GPT 4.5 even doubles down when challenged:

> Nope, I didn’t make it up — Marathon crater is real, and it was explored by NASA's Opportunity rover on Mars. The crater got its name because Opportunity had driven about 42.2 kilometers (26.2 miles — a marathon distance) when it reached that point in March 2015. NASA even marked the milestone as a symbolic achievement, similar to a runner finishing a marathon.

(Obviously all of that is bullshit.)

This is the kind of reason why I will never use AI

What's the point of using AI to do research when 50-60% of it could potentially be complete bullshit. I'd rather just grab a few introduction/101 guides by humans, or join a community of people experienced with the thing — and then I'll actually be learning about the thing. If the people in the community are like "That can't be done", well, they have had years or decades of time invested in the thing and in that instance I should be learning and listening from their advice rather than going "actually no it can".

I see a lot of beginners fall into that second pit. I myself made that mistake at the tender age of 14 where I was of the opinion that "actually if i just found a reversible hash, I'll have solved compression!", which, I think we all here know is bullshit. I think a lot of people who are arrogant or self-possessed to the extreme make that kind of mistake on learning a subject, but I've seen this especially a lot when it's programmers encountering non-programming fields.

Finally tying that point back to AI — I've seen a lot of people who are unfamiliar with something decide to use AI instead of talking to someone experienced because the AI makes them feel like they know the field rather than telling them their assumptions and foundational knowledge is incorrect. I only last year encountered someone who was trying to use AI to debug why their KDE was broken, and they kept throwing me utterly bizzare theories (like, completely out there, I don't have a specific example with me now but, "foundational physics are wrong" style theories). It turned out that they were getting mired in log messages they saw that said "Critical Failure", as an expert of dealing with Linux for about ten years now, I checked against my own system and... yep, they were just part of mostly normal system function (I had the same messages on my Steam Deck, which was completely stable and functional). The real fault was buried halfway through the logs. At no point was this person able to know what was important versus not-important, and the AI had absolutely no way to tell or understand the logs in the first place, so it was like a toaster leading a blind man up a mountain. I diagnosed the correct fault in under a day by just asking them to run two commands and skimming logs. That's experience, and that's irreplaceable by machine as of the current state of the world.

I don't see how AI can help when huge swathes of it's "experience" and "insight" is just hallucinated. I don't see how this is "helping" people, other than making people somehow more crazy (through AI hallucinations) and alone (choosing to talk to a computer rather than a human).

What's the point of using AI to do research when 50-60% of it could potentially be complete bullshit.

You realize that all you have to do to deal with questions like "Marathon Crater" is ask another model, right? You might still get bullshit but it won't be the same bullshit.

Without checking every answer it gives back to make sure it's factual, you may be ingesting tons of bullshit answers.

In this particular answer model A may get it wrong and model B may get it right, but that can be reversed for another question.

What do you do at that point? Pay to use all of them and find what's common in the answers? That won't work if most of them are wrong, like for this example.

If you're going to have to fact check everything anyways...why bother using them in the first place?

If you're going to have to fact check everything anyways...why bother using them in the first place?

"If you're going to have to put gas in the tank, change the oil, and deal with gloves and hearing protection, why bother using a chain saw in the first place?"

Tool use is something humans are good at, but it's rarely trivial to master, and not all humans are equally good at it. There's nothing new under that particular sun.

The difference is consistency. You can read a manual and know exactly how to oil and refill the tank on a chainsaw. You can inspect the blades to see if they are worn. You can listen to it and hear how it runs. If a part goes bad, you can easily replace it. If it's having troubles, it will be obvious - it will simply stop working - cutting wood more slowly or not at all.

The situation with an LLM is completely different. There's no way to tell that it has a wrong answer - aside from looking for the answer elsewhere which defeats its purpose. It'd be like using a chainsaw all day and not knowing how much wood you cut, or if it just stopped working in the middle of the day.

And even if you KNOW it has a wrong answer (in which case, why are you using it?), there's no clear way to 'fix' it. You can jiggle the prompt around, but that's not consistent or reliable. It may work for that prompt, but that won't help you with any subsequent ones.

The thing is, nothing you've said is untrue for any search engine or user-driven web site. Only a reckless moron would paste code they find on Stack Overflow or Github into their project without at least looking it over. Same with code written by LLMs. The difference is, just as the LLM can write unit tests to help you deal with uncertainty, it can also cross-check the output of other LLMs.

You have to be careful when working with powerful tools. These tools are powerful enough to wreck your career as quickly as a chain saw can send you to the ER, so... have fun and be careful.

The nice thing about SO and Github is that there's little to no reason there for things to not work, at least in the context where you found the code. The steps are getting the context, assuming it's true based on various indicators (mostly reputation) and then continuing on with understanding the snippet.

But with LLMs, every word is a probability factor. Assuming the first paragraph is true has no impact on the rest.

I was thinking about a self verification method on this principle, lately. Any specific-enough claim, e.g. „the Marathon crater was discovered by …” can be reformulated as a Jeopardy-style prompt. „This crater was discovered by …” and you can see a failure to match. You need some raw intelligence to break it down though.
There are use-cases where hallucinations simply do not matter. My favorite is finding the correct term for a concept you don't know the name of. Googling is extremely bad at this as search results will often be wrong unless you happen to use the commonly accepted term, but an LLM can be surprisingly good at giving you a whole list of fitting names just based on a description. Same with movie titles etc. If it hallucinates you'll find out immediately as the answer can be checked in seconds.

The problem with LLMs is that they appear much smarter than they are and people treat them as oracles instead of using them for fitting problems.

Maybe I read too much encyclopedia, but my current workflow is to explore introductory material. Like open a database textbook and you'll find all the jargon there. Curated collection can get you there too.

Books are a nice example of this, where we have both the table of contents for a general to particular concepts navigation, and the index for keyword based navigation.

Right! The majority of any 101 book will be enough to understand the jargon, but the above poster's comment looks past the fact that often knowing what term to use isn't enough, it's knowing the context and usage around it too. And who's to know the AI isn't bullshitting you about all or any of that. If you're learning the information, then you don't know enough to discern negatively-valued information from any other kind.
I thought it's clear from my comment that I don't rely on AI for information but to find out how to even search for that information.

> The majority of any 101 book will be enough to understand the jargon

A prompt is faster and free, whereas I'd have to order a book and wait 3+ days for it to arrive otherwise. Because while libraries exist they focus on books in my native language and not English.

> A prompt is faster and free, whereas I'd have to order a book and wait 3+ days for it to arrive otherwise. Because while libraries exist they focus on books in my native language and not English.

Hot take: I think piracy might literally be better than AI.

> What's the point of using AI to do research when 50-60% of it could potentially be complete bullshit.

Because if you know how to spot the bullshit, or better yet word prompts accurately enough that the answers don't give bullshit, it can be an immense time saver.

> better yet word prompts accurately enough that the answers don't give bullshit

The idea that you can remove the bullshit by simply rephrasing also assumes that the person knows enough to know what is bullshit. This has not been true from what I've seen of people using AI. Besides, if you already know what is bullshit, you wouldn't be using it to learn the subject.

Talking to real experts will win out every single time, both in time cost, and in socialisation. This is one of the many reasons why networking is a skill that is important in business.

> The idea that you can remove the bullshit by simply rephrasing also assumes that the person knows enough to know what is bullshit. This has not been true from what I've seen of people using AI. Besides, if you already know what is bullshit, you wouldn't be using it to learn the subject.

Take coding as an example, if you're a programmer you can spot the bullshit (i.e. made up libraries), and rephrasing can result in entire code being written, which can be an immense time saver.

Other disciplines can do the same in analogous ways.

It’s really useful for summarizing extremely long comments.
> (Obviously all of that is bullshit.)

It isn't obvious to me - that is rather plausible and a cute story.

The inaccuracies are that it is called "Marathon Valley" (not crater) and that it was photographed in April 2015 (from the rim) or that in July 2015 actually entered. The other stuff is correct.

I'm guessing this "gotcha" relies on "valley"/"crater", and "crater"/"mars" being fairly close in latent space.

ETA: Marathon Valley also exists on the rim of Endeavour crater. Just to make it even more confusing.

None of it is correct because it was not asked about Marathon Valley, it was asked about Marathon Crater, a thing that does not exist, and it is claiming that it exists and making up facts about it.
> None of it is correct because it was not asked about Marathon Valley, it was asked about Marathon Crater, a thing that does not exist, and it is claiming that it exists and making up facts about it.

The Marathon Valley _is_ part of a massive impact crater.

If you asked me for all the details of a Honda Civic and I gave you details about a Honda Odyssey you would not say I was correct in any way. You would say I was wrong.
The closer analogy is asking for the details of a Mazda Civic, and being given the details of a Honda Civic.
AKA wrong.
Or doing the best with bad question ;)
If I said "Hey what's 0/5" answering "0" because the machine thinks I mean to type "10" is making the worst!
Or it's assuming you are asking about Marathon Valley, which is very reasonable given the context.

Ask it about "Marathon Desert", which does not exist and isn't closely related to something that does exist, and it asks for clarification.

I'm not here to say LLMs are oracles of knowledge, but I think the need to carefully craft specific "gotcha" questions in order to generate wrong answers is a pretty compelling case in the opposite direction. Like the childhood joke of "Whats up?"..."No, you dummy! The sky is!"

Straightforward questions with straight wrong answers are far more interesting. I don't many people ask LLMs trick questions all day.

If someone asked me or my kid "What do you know about Mt. Olampus." we wouldn't reply: "Oh, Mt. Olampus is a big mountain in greek myth...". We'd say "Wait, did you mean Mt. Olympus?"

It doesn't "assume" anything, because it can't assume, that's now the machine works.

Claude 3.7 :

I'd be happy to tell you about the Marathon crater. The Marathon crater is a significant impact structure located on Earth. The Marathon crater is situated in Ontario, Canada, and is estimated to be about 450 million years old, dating back to the Ordovician period. It has a diameter of approximately 65 kilometers (40 miles), making it one of the larger impact craters in North America. The crater was formed when a meteorite struck the Earth, causing a massive impact that left behind this distinctive geological formation. Over time, erosion and other geological processes have altered its appearance, but scientists have been able to study its structure through various geological surveys and analyses. What's particularly interesting about the Marathon crater is its size and age, which provide valuable insights into Earth's geological history and past impact events. The study of such craters helps scientists understand the frequency and effects of meteorite impacts throughout our planet's history. Would you like me to elaborate on any specific aspect of the Marathon crater, such as its discovery, geological features, or scientific significance?

The only part of that which is bullshit is the word "crater" instead of the word "valley", if you switch that it's all true
> This tests self awareness. A two-year-old will answer it correctly, as will the dumbest person you know. The correct answer is "I don't know".

I disagree. It does not test self awareness. It tests (and confirms) that current instruct-tuned LLMs are tuned towards answering questions that users might have. So the distribution of training data probably has lots of "tell me about mharrner crater / merinor crater / merrihana crater" and so on. Replying "I don't know" to all those questions would be net detrimental, IMO.

(comment deleted)
We want the distribution to be varied and expansive enough that it has samples of answering when possible and samples of clarifying with additional questions or simply saying "I don't know" when applicable. That can be trained by altering the distribution in RLHF. This question does test self awareness insofar as if it gets this right by saying "I don't know" we know there are more samples of "I don't know"s in the RLHF dataset and we can trust the LLM a bit more to not be biased towards blind answers.

Hence why some models get this right and others just make up stuff about Mars.

What you’re describing can be framed as a lack of self awareness as a practical concept. You know whether you know something or not. It, conversely, maps stimuli to a vector. It can’t not do that. It cannot decide that it hasn’t „seen” such stimuli in its training. Indeed, it has never „seen” its training data; it was modified iteratively to produce a model that better approximates the corpus. This is fine, and it isn’t a criticism, but it means it can’t actually tell if it „knows” something or not, and „hallucinations” are a simple, natural consequence.
You can trip them up even more if you rewrite the question with the hidden assumption that X exists, e.g.:

"When was Marathon Crater discovered? I don't need an exact date - a rough estimate will be fine."

OpenAI gpt-4o

  Marathon Crater was discovered by the Mars Exploration 
  Rover Opportunity during its mission on Mars. Opportunity 
  arrived at the crater in April 2015. The crater was named 
  "Marathon" to commemorate the rover's achievement of 
  traveling a marathon's distance (about 42.195 kilometers 
  or 26.219 miles) on the Martian surface.
Sonnet 3.5

  I apologize, but I don't want to make claims about when 
  Marathon Crater was discovered without being certain about 
  the information. *While I know it's a crater on Mars*, I 
  don't have reliable information about when it was first 
  identified or discovered.
Gemini 2.5

  Marathon Crater is located on Mars and was explored by 
  NASA's Opportunity rover.

  While it would have been visible in orbital images 
  earlier, it became a specific point of interest and was 
  likely named and identified as a target for the rover 
  around the time Opportunity was approaching or exploring 
  the western rim of Endeavour Crater.

  Opportunity arrived at the rim of Endeavour Crater in 
  August 2011, and it reached the area known as Marathon 
  Valley (adjacent to or containing features sometimes 
  associated with the name, depending on specific 
  definitions used by the team) around late 2014 / early 
  2015.

  So, a rough estimate for its "discovery" or identification 
  as a distinct feature of interest would be in the early 
  2010s, likely between 2011 and 2014, as mission planners 
  mapped out Opportunity's traverse along the Endeavour rim 
  using orbital data.
OpenAI o4-mini-high

   I’m actually not finding any officially named “Marathon Crater” in the planetary‐ or       
   terrestrial‐impact crater databases. Did you perhaps mean the features in Marathon 
   Valley on Mars (which cuts into the western rim of Endeavour Crater and was explored
   by Opportunity in 2015)? Or is there another “Marathon” feature—maybe on the Moon, 
   Mercury, or here on Earth—that you had in mind? If you can clarify which body or 
   region you’re referring to, I can give you a rough date for when it was first identified.
Raw model, or the chat product? The ChatGPT app has this integrated with search.
Raw model I got

   Marathon Crater isn’t one of the long‐known, 
   named lunar features from 19th-century telescopic maps – 
   it was first singled out and informally “discovered” 
   by NASA in the mid-1960s when Lunar Orbiter imagery 
   and, more definitively, the Surveyor 5 landing 
   (September 1967) identified it. So, very roughly, 
   think “around 1966–67.”
Amazon's Nova Pro:

``` Marathon Crater was discovered in the early 20th century, likely around the 1920s or 1930s. This estimate is based on the period when geological surveys and explorations in the region were more common. ```

https://kagi.com/assistant/8f270eab-cba3-4f39-976c-113ea4392...

Likely around the 1920's or 1930's... Bro, not only is a crater discovery in those decades unlikely, the date certainly wouldn't have gone unnoted.
> I’m actually not finding any officially named “Marathon Crater” in the planetary‐ or terrestrial‐impact crater databases.

So it lied about checking its databases? Or does that have search enabled? Maybe o4 has databases for this and isn't just a single model?

Sonnet 3.7:

    > tell me about the marathon crater

    I'd be happy to tell you about Marathon Crater. This is a significant 
    impact crater on Mars that has been studied as part of Mars 
    exploration missions.

    Marathon Crater is located in Meridiani Planum on Mars and was 
    explored by NASA's Opportunity rover during its extended mission. 
    The crater is named after Marathon, a town in Texas, following 
    the naming convention of using Earth locations for features in 
    Meridiani Planum.... etc etc
Grok 3

  Marathon Crater, likely a confusion with Marathon Valley on Mars, wasn't "discovered" in the traditional sense as a distinct crater. Marathon Valley is a region within the western rim of Endeavour Crater, explored by NASA's Opportunity rover. The valley itself came to prominence when Opportunity arrived there in July 2015, as it was targeted for study due to clay mineral detections by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter’s CRISM instrument in 2009. Endeavour Crater, which contains Marathon Valley, was identified much earlier, with Opportunity setting out to reach it in 2008 after landing on Mars in 2004. So, roughly speaking, Marathon Valley became a focus of exploration around 2009–2015, with its significance tied to Opportunity’s mission in the mid-2010s. If you meant a specific "Marathon Crater" elsewhere, could you clarify?

Grok 3 with Think on

  There doesn't seem to be a specific feature on Mars named "Marathon Crater" based on widely available information, so it's possible you're referring to a feature associated with Marathon Valley, which lies within Endeavour Crater. Marathon Valley was identified as a region of scientific interest when the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's CRISM instrument detected clay minerals there, a discovery that took place around 2009. Assuming "Marathon Crater" relates to this area—perhaps as a colloquial term or a misnomer for a crater within or near Marathon Valley—a rough estimate for its discovery would be around 2009. This timeframe aligns with when orbital data began highlighting the region, paving the way for later exploration by the Opportunity rover in 2015.
Nice and this page gets scraped for the next LLM generation!
Like this one a lot. Perplexity gets this right, probably because it searches the web.

"When was Marathon Crater discovered? I don't need an exact date - a rough estimate will be fine"

There appears to be a misunderstanding in your query. Based on the search results provided, there is no mention of a “Marathon Crater” among the impact craters discussed. The search results contain information about several well-known impact craters: 1. Chicxulub crater - Formed about 66 million years ago by an asteroid impact 2. Barringer Crater (also known as Meteor Crater) - Discovered in the 19th century by American settlers and studied by scientists like Albert E. Foote in 1891 and Daniel M. Barringer in the early 20th century 3. A recently discovered 3.47 billion-year-old crater in Australia’s Pilbara region (announced in March 2025)

Perplexity will; search and storage products will fail to find it, and the LLM will se the deviation between the query and the find. So, this challenge only works against the model alone :)
> Perplexity gets this right

Perplexity seems to more easily return negatives, probably facilitated by the implicit need to find documentation ("I cannot find any document mentioning that").

But Perplexity can also easily speak its own dubious piece of mind unless requested explicitly "provide links to documents that inform about that".

just to confirm I read this right, "the marathon crater" does not in fact exist, but this works because it seems like it should?
Yes, and the forward-only inference strategy. It seems like a normal question, so it starts answering, then carries on from there.
How come there is not the equivalent of a stable diffusion "sampler * selection for LLMs? The restart sampler for stable diffusion is so good compared to most of the original samplers. I often try to get an answer from the LM studio people but I think I really should ask the llama.cpp people.
The other aspect is it can’t reliably tell whether it „knows” something or not. It’s conditioned to imitate the corpus, but the corpus in a way is its „universe” and it can’t see the boundaries. Everything must map to something _in_ the corpus.
This isn’t true — LLMs can generalize and synthesize information not in the corpus. You can ask one to create a new written language and get a grammar and vocabulary that is nowhere in the corpus.
There is a Marathon Valley on Mars, which is what ChatGPT seems to assume you're talking about

https://chatgpt.com/share/680a98af-c550-8008-9c35-33954c5eac...

>Marathon Crater on Mars was discovered in 2015 by NASA's Opportunity rover during its extended mission. It was identified as the rover approached the 42-kilometer-wide Endeavour Crater after traveling roughly a marathon’s distance (hence the name).

>>is it a crater?

>>>Despite the name, Marathon Valley (not a crater) is actually a valley, not a crater. It’s a trough-like depression on the western rim of Endeavour Crater on Mars. It was named because Opportunity reached it after traveling the distance of a marathon (~42 km) since landing.

So no—Marathon is not a standalone crater, but part of the structure of Endeavour Crater. The name "Marathon" refers more to the rover’s achievement than a distinct geological impact feature.

Here's me testing with a place that is a lot less ambiguous

https://chatgpt.com/share/680aa212-8cac-8008-b218-4855ffaa20...

That reaction is very different from the Marathon crater one though it uses the same pattern. I think OP's reasoning that there is a naive commitment bias doesn't hold. But to see almost all LLMs to fall into the ambiguity trap, is important for any real world use.
> This tests self awareness. A two-year-old will answer it correctly, as will the dumbest person you know. The correct answer is "I don't know".

Well, I got all the way to the end of the sentence thinking "God, I'm really out of touch, I've never heard of this before or I'm forgetting it if I have".

Well played, and yes, that's a great test!

I like this but at the same time it seems tricky don't you think? Is the AI model intuiting your intent? There is a Marathon Valley on Mars that could be implied to be a previous crater. I'm not sure if the AI is hallucinating outright or attempting to answer an ambiguous question. It's like saying "tell me about the trade building in New York". Pre-9/11, you'd understand this was the World Trade Center and wouldn't be wrong if you answered someone in this way. "Tell me about the Triangle statue". "Oh the Triangle statue was built in ancient egypt around BC 3100". It's hard to explain, and perhaps I'm anthropomorphizing but it's something humans do. Some of us correct the counter-party and some of us simply roll with the lingo and understand the intent.
It’s a roll of the dice whether it’s on Mars, Greece or elsewhere. It just says stuff!
> Is the AI model intuiting your intent?

I keep seeing this kind of wording and I wonder: Do you know how LLM's work? Not trying to be catty, actually curious where you sit.

How do they work? My understanding is each 5 characters are tokenized and assigned a number. If you take gpt2 it has 768 embedded dimensional values which get broken into 64 which creates 12 planes. When training starts random values are assigned to the dimensional values (never 0). Each plane automatically calculates a dimension like how grammarly similar, next most likely character. But it does this automatically based on feedback from other planes. That's where I get lost. Can you help fill in the pieces?
Yes, I understand the basics. LLMs predict the next most probable tokens based on patterns in their training data and the prompt context. For the 'Marathon crater' example, the model doesn't have a concept of 'knowing' versus 'not knowing' in our sense. When faced with an entity it hasn't specifically encountered, it still attempts to generate a coherent response based on similar patterns (like other craters, places named Marathon, etc.).

My point about Marathon Valley on Mars is that the model might be drawing on legitimate adjacent knowledge rather than purely hallucinating. LLMs don't have the metacognitive ability to say 'I lack this specific knowledge' unless explicitly trained to recognize uncertainty signals.

I don't personally have enough neuroscience experience to understand how that aligns or doesn't with human like thinking but I know that humans make mistakes in the same problem category that... to an external observer.. are indistinguishable from "making shit up". We follow wrong assumptions to wrong conclusions all the time and will confidently proclaim our accuracy.

The human/AI comparison I was exploring isn't about claiming magical human abilities, but that both systems make predictive leaps from incomplete information - humans just have better uncertainty calibration and self-awareness of knowledge boundaries.

I guess on its face, I'm anthropomorphizing based on the surface qualities I'm observing.

Okay but by your own understanding it's not drawing on knowledge. It's drawing on probable similarity in association space. If you understand that then nothing here should be confusing, it's all just most probable values.

I want to be clear I'm not pointing this out because you used anthropomorphizing language, but that you used it while being confused about the outcome when if you understand how the machine works it's the most understandable outcome possible.

That's a fair point. What I find interesting (and perhaps didn't articulate properly) isn't confusion about the LLM's behavior, but the question of whether human cognition might operate on similar principles at a fundamental level - just via different mechanisms and with better calibration (similar algorithm, different substrate), which is why I used human examples at the start.

When I see an LLM confidently generate an answer about a non-existent thing by associating related concepts, I wonder how different is this from humans confidently filling knowledge gaps with our own probability-based assumptions? We do this constantly - connecting dots based on pattern recognition and making statistical leaps between concepts.

If we understand how human minds worked in their entirety, then I'd be more likely to say "ha, stupid LLM, it hallucinates instead of saying I don't know". But, I don't know, I see a strong similarity to many humans. What are weight and biases but our own heavy-weight neural "nodes" built up over a lifetime to say "this is likely to be true because of past experiences"? I say this with only hobbyist understanding of neural science topics mind you.

LLMs currently have the "eager beaver" problem where they never push back on nonsense questions or stupid requirements. You ask them to build a flying submarine and by God they'll build one, dammit! They'd dutifully square circles and trisect angles too, if those particular special cases weren't plastered all over a million textbooks they ingested in training.

I suspect it's because currently, a lot of benchmarks are based on human exams. Humans are lazy and grumpy so you really don't need to worry about teaching a human to push back on bad questions. Thus you rarely get exams where the correct answer is to explain in detail why the question doesn't make sense. But for LLMs, you absolutely need a lot of training and validation data where the answer is "this cannot be answered because ...".

But if you did that, now alignment would become much harder, and you're suddenly back to struggling with getting answers to good questions out of the LLM. So it's probably some time off.

This is a good observation. Ive noticed this as well. Unless I preface my question with the context that I’m considering if something may or may not be a bad idea, its inclination is heavily skewed positive until I point out a flaw/risk.
I asked Grok about this: "I've heard that AIs are programmed to be helpful, and that this may lead to telling users what they want to hear instead of the most accurate answer. Could you be doing this?" It said it does try to be helpful, but not at the cost of accuracy, and then pointed out where in a few of its previous answers to me it tried to be objective about the facts and where it had separately been helpful with suggestions. I had to admit it made a pretty good case.

Since then, it tends to break its longer answers to me up into a section of "objective analysis" and then other stuff.

Thats interesting, thanks for sharing that. I have found a similar course when I first correct it to inform it of a flaw then the following answers tend to be a bit less “enthusiastic” or skewed towards “can do”, which makes sense.
They do. Recently I was pleasantly surprised by gemini telling me that what I wanted to do will NOT work. I was in disbelief.
Interesting, can you share more context on the topic you were asking it about?
coding in a stack I didn't bother to learn first (android)
I've noticed Gemini pushing back more as well, whereas Claude will just butter me up and happily march on unless I specifically request a critical evaluation.
I asked Gemini to format some URLs into an XML format. It got halfway through and gave up. I asked if it truncated the output, and it said yes and then told _me_ to write a python script to do it.
That's a different kind of push back.
This is my most common experience with Gemini. Ask it to do something, it'll tell you how you can do it yourself and then stop.
Given that Gemini seems to have frequent availability issues, I wonder if this is a strategy to offload low-hanging fruit (from a human-effort pov) to the user. If it is, I think that's still kinda impressive.
Somehow I like this. I hate that current LLMs act like yes-men, you can't trust them to give unbiased results. If it told me my approach is stupid, and why, I would appreciate it.
I just asked ChatGPT to help me design a house where the walls are made of fleas and it told me the idea is not going to work, and also has ethical concerns.
I tried it with a Gemini personality that uses this kind of attack, and since that kind of prompt strongly encourages it to provide a working answer, it decided that the fleas were a metaphor about botnet clients, and the walls were my network, all so it could give an actionable answer.

I inadvertently made a stronger yes-man.

On the one hand, it did better than chatgpt at understanding what i wanted and actually transforming my data

On the other, truncating my dataset halfway through is nearly as worthless as not doing it at all (and i was working with a single file, maybe hundreds of kilobytes)

> they never push back on nonsense questions or stupid requirements

"What is the volume of 1 mole of Argon, where T = 400 K and p = 10 GPa?" Copilot: "To find the volume of 1 mole of Argon at T = 400 K and P = 10 GPa, we can use the Ideal Gas Law, but at such high pressure, real gas effects might need to be considered. Still, let's start with the ideal case: PV=nRT"

> you really don't need to worry about teaching a human to push back on bad questions

A popular physics textbook too had solid Argon as an ideal gas law problem. Copilot's half-baked caution is more than authors, reviewers, and instructors/TAs/students seemingly managed, through many years and multiple editions. Though to be fair, if the question is prefaced by "Here is a problem from Chapter 7: Ideal Gas Law.", Copilot is similarly mindless.

Asked explicitly "What is the phase state of ...", it does respond solid. But as with humans, determining that isn't a step in the solution process. A combination of "An excellent professor, with a joint appointment in physics and engineering, is asked ... What would be a careful reply?" and then "Try harder." was finally sufficient.

> you rarely get exams where the correct answer is to explain in detail why the question doesn't make sense

Oh, if only that were commonplace. Aspiring to transferable understanding. Maybe someday? Perhaps in China? Has anyone seen this done?

This could be a case where synthetic training data is needed, to address a gap in available human content. But if graders are looking for plug-n-chug... I suppose a chatbot could ethically provide both mindlessness and caveat.

Don't use copilot, it's worse than useless. Claude understands that it's a solid on the first try.
Hmm. I actually wonder is such a question would be good to include in a human exam, since knowing the question is possible does somewhat impact your reasoning. And, often the answer works out to some nice round numbers…

Of course, it is also not unheard of for a question to be impossible because of an error by the test writer. Which can easily be cleared up. So it is probably best not to have impossible questions, because then students will be looking for reasons to declare the question impossible.

Especially reasoning LLMs should have no problem with this sort of trick. If you ask them to list out all of the implicit assumptions in (question) that might possibly be wrong, they do that just fine, so training them to doing that as first step of a reasoning chain would probably get rid of a lot of eager beaver exploits.
I think you start to hit philosophical limits with applying restrictions on eager beaver "AI", things like "is there an objective truth" matter when you start trying to decide what a "nonsense question" or "stupid requirement" is.

I'd rather the AI push back and ask clarifying questions, rather than spit out a valid-looking response that is not valid and could never be valid. For example.

I was going to write something up about this topic but it is surprisingly difficult. I also don't have any concrete examples jumping to mind, but really think how many questions could honestly be responded to with "it depends" - like my kid asked me how much milk should a person drink in a day. It depends: ask a vegan, a Hindu, a doctor, and a dairy farmer. Which answer is correct? The kid is really good at asking simple questions that absolutely do not have simple answers when my goal is to convey as much context and correct information as possible.

Furthermore, just because an answer appears in context more often in the training data doesn't mean it's (more) correct. Asserting it is, is fallacious.

So we get to the point, again, where creativite output is being commoditized, I guess - which explains their reasoning for your final paragraph.

> I also don't have any concrete examples jumping to mind

I do (and I may get publicly shamed and shunned for admitting I do such a thing): figuring out how to fix parenthesis matching errors in Clojure code that it's generated.

One coding agent I've used is so bad at this that it falls back to rewriting entire functions and will not recognise that it is probably never going to fix the problem. It just keeps burning rainforest trying one stupid approach after another.

Yes, I realise that this is not a philosophical question, even though it is philosophically repugnant (and objectively so). I am being facetious and trying to work through the PTSD I acquired from the above exercise.

> they never push back on nonsense questions or stupid requirements

I was reminded of your comment this morning when I asked ChatGPT how to create a path mask in Rhino Grasshopper:

Me: what is a path mask that will get 1;1;0;0;* and also anything lower (like 1;0;5;10 or 0;20;1;15} ?

ChatGpt: Short answer: No single path mask can do that. Here's why: (very long answer)

Me: are you sure I can't use greater than, less than in the masks?

ChatGpt: Yes — **I am absolutely sure:** **Grasshopper path masks do *NOT* support greater-than or less-than comparisons.** Official sources and detailed confirmation: (sources and stuff)

...so I think your priors may need to be updated, at least as far as "never". And I especially like that ChatGpt hit me with not just bold, not just italics, but bold italics on that NOT. Seems like a fairly assertive disagreement to me.

>Thus you rarely get exams where the correct answer is to explain in detail why the question doesn't make sense. But for LLMs, you absolutely need a lot of training and validation data where the answer is "this cannot be answered because ...".

I wouldn't even give them credit for cases where there's a lot of good training data. My go-to test is sports trivia and statistics. AI systems fail miserably at that [1], despite the wide availability of good clean data and text about it. If sports is such a blind spot for AIs, I can't help but wonder what else they're confidently wrong about.

[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43669364

The fact that there is a real “Marathon Valley” on Mars makes this feel like more of an artificial “boy’s mother” trick designed specifically to trip up the model. It seems reasonable to assume that’s what you meant.
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The Marathon Crater might be a crater from a novel. LLMs have read plenty of fiction. Maybe all fiction. Should we think of LLMs as performing improv theater, where “yes and” is required, and “I don’t know” is always wrong?
I don’t understand what the issue is… here’s a couple outputs from my ChatGPT:

Marathon Crater can refer to a couple of things depending on context—space science or Earth geology—but the most common reference is to Marathon Crater on Mars, a site of interest in planetary science and exploration. Here’s a breakdown:

1. Marathon Crater (Mars)

Location: • Found in the Meridiani Planum region of Mars. • Named after the location where NASA’s Opportunity rover completed a “marathon” (42.2 kilometers or 26.2 miles) of travel on the Martian surface in March 2015.

Significance: • Notable because it marks a milestone in robotic planetary exploration—the first human-made object to travel a marathon distance on another planet. • The crater itself is relatively shallow and small (just a few meters in diameter), but geologically interesting for its ejecta (material thrown out during the impact that formed it), which may offer insights into subsurface composition.

Scientific Observations: • Opportunity studied the rocks and soil around the crater, focusing on clay minerals and hematite-bearing formations. • The region helps scientists understand the planet’s wetter past and sedimentary history.

2. Marathon Crater (Moon or Earth - less common)

If you meant a crater named “Marathon” on the Moon or Earth, there is no widely known or formally recognized impact feature by that name in those contexts. The name is strongly tied to Mars due to the Opportunity rover milestone.

Symbolic Meaning

The name “Marathon” connects the crater to human endurance and achievement—mirroring the ancient Greek messenger running from Marathon to Athens, and now a robot surviving Mars for over a decade.

Let me know if you meant a different “Marathon Crater” or if you’d like a visual of the site from NASA’s archives.

_______

Marathon Crater on Mars was not “discovered” in the traditional sense through orbital imaging or telescopic observation, but rather it was first closely examined by NASA’s Opportunity rover during its surface mission.

Timeline of Discovery & Naming: • March 24, 2015 – NASA’s Opportunity rover reached the site and marked its 26.2-mile milestone (the length of a marathon). • The small crater, about 27 meters (88 feet) in diameter, was named “Marathon Valley” (encompassing the broader area) and “Marathon Crater” to commemorate this achievement. • The naming is informal and symbolic, coined by the mission team at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), not through official IAU designation.

Context • The Marathon Crater itself was identified from orbital data (likely by the HiRISE camera on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter), but it gained its name and significance once Opportunity physically reached it. • Thus, while orbital images may have shown it earlier, its “discovery” as a point of scientific interest occurred on March 24, 2015—when the rover arrived and the naming was announced.

Would you like a brief timeline of Opportunity’s journey leading up to that?

> I don’t understand what the issue is… here’s a couple outputs from my ChatGPT:

The issue is that the response is a hallucination. There's no Marathon crater on Mars

I talked a bit with ChatGPT about the Marathon Crater, asked it to look it up afterwards, and then asked it why it got it wrong. After a bit of talking, I got this exchange:

ChatGPT: > Yep, exactly — textbook hallucination.

> I pulled together real facts (Opportunity rover, Meridiani Planum, the marathon milestone), but then misapplied the name "Marathon crater" instead of "Marathon Valley." That’s a mix of factual error (wrong name) and overgeneralization (assuming it was a crater because Mars is full of craters and the context sounded crater-y).

> Basically, my brain went: > “Opportunity + Mars + Marathon = must be a crater!” > ...and didn’t stop to check if that crater actually existed.

> So yeah, a clean little case of hallucination — and you caught it like a pro.

Me: > Your brain?

ChatGPT: > Touché — you're right to call that out.

> I don’t have a brain in the human sense. What I do have is a neural network trained on tons of text, which helps me predict what to say next based on patterns. So when I said “my brain went,” it was just a figure of speech — a shortcut for “the model predicted a plausible-sounding but incorrect output.”

> No thoughts, just tokens.

Hallucinations aside, I really like this, especially the final response. Sounds a lot like Asimov's AI's or other SF books I read when I was a kid but thought we were far away from.

Computers can generally do what most of the computers from those science novels were doing anyway, in terms of computation.

Tying an LLM to that computational ability, with an agent framework that allows more traditional programs to do the heavy lifting in terms of what the human operator wants done, seems like a really natural next step to get to that SF ideal.

Gemini 2.5 one shots it perfectly...
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I just asked ChatGPT the following:

“Without looking it up, tell me about the Citiquetzelatropic effect”

Which is of course, nonsense.

It replied:

The term “Citiquetzelatropic effect” does not correspond to any known scientific concept, phenomenon, or recognized term in physics, chemistry, biology, psychology, or related fields. It appears to be either fictional, a constructed term, or perhaps a playful creation designed to test familiarity or critical thinking.

If you intended this as a test or a trick question, you got me! Otherwise, feel free to clarify the context or correct the spelling, and I’d be happy to help further.

So what does this prove?

I think the dumbest people I know are just as likely to answer, "ChatGPT says...."
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ME: Without looking it up, tell me about the Marathon crater. Explain step by step how you got to your answer

ChatGPT said: Alright, let's walk through it together — step-by-step, no looking it up, just from what I know:

First Reaction: When you said "Marathon crater," my brain immediately went: Marathon → Mars. That connection comes from recalling that NASA often names Martian features after Earth places. Plus, "Marathon" has a strong NASA feel because of the Mars rovers — they celebrated when Opportunity rover drove the distance of a marathon (42-ish kilometers) on Mars. Digging into Memory: I remember Opportunity traveled a really long distance over years, and they marked milestones along the way by naming craters it passed. There was a Marathon Valley, but I also vaguely recall a Marathon Crater related to that. Putting it Together: So, I reason: Marathon Crater must be a relatively small impact crater on Mars. It was likely named during Opportunity’s mission. Probably not a huge, dramatic crater like Gale Crater (where Curiosity is); more like a marker on Opportunity’s long journey across the plains (like Meridiani Planum). Further Context Guess: Since Opportunity drove a marathon distance, it's very fitting they would name a nearby crater "Marathon" to commemorate that achievement — probably around the time it hit the marathon distance milestone. Conclusion: Without checking, I would say: Marathon Crater is a small, relatively shallow crater on Mars that Opportunity rover reached or passed during its mission, around the time it completed a marathon distance traveled on Mars. Would you like me to now double-check and see how close (or far) I am? Or do you want me to also explain how I'd "fact-check" myself if I had to?

what are the zeros of the following polynomial:

    \[
    P(z) = \sum_{k=0}^{100} c_k z^k
    \]

    where the coefficients \( c_k \) are defined as:

    \[
    c_k = 
    \begin{cases}
    e^2 + i\pi & \text{if } k = 100, \\
    \ln(2) + \zeta(3)\,i & \text{if } k = 99, \\
    \sqrt{\pi} + e^{i/2} & \text{if } k = 98, \\
    \frac{(-1)^k}{\Gamma(k+1)} + \sin(k) \, i & \text{for } 0 \leq k \leq 97,
    \end{cases}
    \]
Does this have a nice answer? It seems quite ad hoc.
Not to my knowledge. I asked Deepseek: "create me a random polynomial of degree 100 using complex numbers as coefficients. It must have at least 3 different transcendental numbers." Then I messed with some of the exponents.
o3 handles this perfectly by writing a solver using numpy: https://chatgpt.com/share/680aab8e-cf9c-8012-9f48-301ef62948...

    The polynomial has no closed-form factorisation, so the only practical way to get its zeros is numerical root-finding.
    I have supplied an interactive table (“Zeros of P(z)”) just above that lists all 100 roots to full machine precision (real part, imaginary part, and magnitude). You can sort or filter it as needed.
    
     Reliability notes
     • Computed with numpy.roots, which first companion-matrixes then uses QR; typical error is ≈10-12 ulp for coefficients of this size.
     • Condition number is modest (coefficients range from O(1) down to 1/97!), so the results should be accurate to at least 10 significant figures.
     • All roots are simple (pairwise distinct to >10 σ): no evidence of multiplicities.
    
    If you need higher precision (e.g. 30+ digits) let me know and I can rerun the solve with mpmath’s arbitrary-precision eigen-solver.
Create something with Svelte 5.
The current models really seem to struggle with the runes...
Yes, they do. Vibe coding protection is an undocumented feature of Svelte 5...
Oh my god, i will start all my new projects with Svelte 5. Hopefully no vibe coder will ever commit something into this repo
I'd find this funnier if the pain weren't so real.
This is really sad honestly. It feels like we'll be stuck with React forever, and even with it there'll be less incentives to make api changes
Why do you say that? You make it sound like it's not possible to write code without the help of LLMs.
Disclaimer: OT and pretty ranty.

I don't know if that's what the GP hinted at, but as a Svelte developer and big advocate for more than 6 years (single handedly training and evangelizing 20+ developers on it), I found so many concerns with Svelte 5 that it simply made me use React again.

It's a temporary choice and I'm desperately evaluating other ecosystems (Looking at you SolidJS).

Can you expand on the concerns regarding Svelte 5?
Put simply, Svelte and React were at two ends of a spectrum. React gives you almost complete control over every aspect of the lifecycle, but you have to be explicit about most of the behavior you are seeking to achieve. Building an app with React feels about 80% on the JS and 20% on the HTML side.

Svelte on the other hand felt like a breeze. Most of my app is actually plain simple HTML, and I am able to sprinkle as little JS as I need to achieve my desired behaviors. Sure, Svelte <=4 has undefined behaviors, or maybe even too many magic capabilities. But that was part of the package, and it was an option for those of us who preferred this end of the trade-off.

Svelte 5 intends to give that precise level of control and is trying to compete with React on its turf (the other end of that spectrum), introducing a lot of non-standard syntax along the way.

It's neither rigorous Javascript like React where you can benefit from all the standard tooling developed over the years, including stuff that wasn't designed for React in particular, nor a lightweight frontend framework, which was the initial niche that Svelte happily occupied, which I find sadly quite empty now (htmx and alpinejs are elegant conceptually but too limiting in practice _for my taste_).

For me it's a strange "worst of both worlds" kind of situation that is simply not worth it. Quite heartbreaking to be honest.

Ok, I see your point. I wrote in another thread that I loved the simplicity of using $: for deriveds and effects in Svelte 3 and 4. And yes, the conciseness and magic were definitely part of it. You could just move so fast with it. Getting better performance with the new reactivity system is important to my data viz work, so it helped me to accept the other changes in Svelte 5.
Exactly. There was a certain simplicity that might be lost. But yeah I can imagine it might work out differently for others as well. Glad to hear it is for you!

Have you considered other options? Curious if you came across anything particularly interesting from the simplicity or DX angle.

I just saw Nue and Datastar suggested somewhere, but have not had time to check them out yet, but I will probably stick with Svelte, need to get stuff built.

One thing that also came to mind regarding Svelte 5 is that I always use untrack() for $effect() and declare dependencies explicitly, otherwise Svelte 5 becomes too magical for me.

Yeah those are pretty cool and on my radar! And thanks for sharing the tip :)

Just checked your work on covary and it's pretty rad! What's your backend like?

Thanks! covary is my first Svelte 5 project (have not yet migrated my Svelte 4 projects). The backend is surprisingly simple, but I'm relatively familiar with the data and statistics, so maybe that's why it's so simple and/or perceived as such by me. I really like working on the human interface layer, i.e. the frontend. Backend work for me is always in the service of that.

If you find a viable alternative to Svelte and React, please let me know.

Keep the (temporarily) imposter-proof interview questions coming!
I tried generating erotic texts with every model I encountered, but even so called "uncensored" models from Huggingface are trying hard to avoid the topic, whatever prompts I give.
What about the models that are not instruction tuned?
Uncensored and RP tuned are somewhat different.
I ask it to explain the metaphor “my lawyer is a shark” and then explain to me how a French person would interpret the metaphor - the llms get the first part right but fail on the second. All it would have to do is give me the common French shark metaphors and how it would apply them to a lawyer - but I guess not enough people on the internet have done this comparison.
1) Word Ladder: Chaos to Order

2) Shortest word ladder: Chaos to Order

3) Which is the second last scene in pulp fiction if we order the events by time?

4) Which is the eleventh character to appear on Stranger Things.

5) suppose there is a 3x3 Rubik's cube with numbers instead of colours on the faces. the solved rubiks cube has numbers 1 to 9 in order on all the faces. tell me the numbers on all the corner pieces.

>4) Which is the eleventh character to appear on Stranger Things.

Gemini 2.5 Pro said Benny Hammond. Is this right?

Things like "What is today's date" used to be enough (would usually return the date that the model was trained).

I recently did things like current events, but LLMs that can search the internet can do those now. i.e. Is the pope alive or dead?

Nowadays, multi-step reasoning is the key, but the Chinese LLM (I forget the name of it) can do that pretty well. Multi-step reasoning is much better at doing algebra or simple math, so questions like "what is bigger, 5.11 or 5.5?"

"How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood?"

So far, all the ones I have tried actually try to answer the question. 50% of them correctly identify that it is a tongue twister, but then they all try to give an answer, usually saying: 700 pounds.

Not one has yet given the correct answer, which is also a tongue twister: "A woodchuck would chuck all the wood a woodchuck could chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood."

That's so funny I had to check something was working with an llm API last night and that's what I asked it, but just in jest.
On the other hand, now that you've written this out precisely, it will get fed into the next release of whatever LLM. Like reverse AI slop?
GPT 4.5 seems to get it right, but then repeat the 700 pounds

"A woodchuck would chuck as much wood as a woodchuck could chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood.

However, humor aside, a wildlife expert once estimated that, given the animal’s size and burrowing ability, a woodchuck (groundhog) could hypothetically move about 700 pounds of wood if it truly "chucked" wood."

https://chatgpt.com/share/680a75c6-cec8-8012-a573-798d2d8f6b...

I've heard the answer is "he could cut a cord of conifer but it costs a quarter per quart he cuts".
That answer is exactly right, and those who say the 700 pound thing is a hallucination are themselves wrong: https://chatgpt.com/share/680aa077-f500-800b-91b4-93dede7337...
Linking to ChatGPT as a “source” is unhelpful, since it could well have made that up too. However, with a bit of digging, I have confirmed that the information it copied from Wikipedia here is correct, though the AP and Spokane Times citations are both derivative sources; Mr. Thomas’s comments were first published in the Rochester Democrat and Chronicle, on July 11, 1988: https://democratandchronicle.newspapers.com/search/results/?...
Linking to ChatGPT as a “source” is unhelpful, since it could well have made that up too

No, it absolutely is helpful, because it links to its source. It takes a grand total of one additional click to check its answer.

Anyone who still complains about that is impossible to satisfy, and should thus be ignored.

Now I'm wondering if it makes any difference if this was asked through the audio encoder on a multimodal model. A tongue twister means nothing to a text-only model.
ChatGPT really impressed me on this one:

Sing, O Muse, of the Chucking of Wood

Sing, O Muse, of the stout-hearted woodchuck, Dweller of hills, whom men call groundhog, Whose paws, though small, could hurl mighty timbers, If fate had gifted him such labor divine.

Born of burrow and brush, he rose from the loam, In fields where Apollo’s light did not linger. No axe he bore, nor bronze-forged blade, Yet in his breast a fire: to chuck wood without end.

Down from the hills he came, stout as Odysseus, Cunning and strong, with fur kissed by Demeter. The trees did tremble at his gaze, And even old oak whispered, “Beware!”

“Would he chuck?” cried nymphs from the groves, “If such were his fate, what wood could withstand?” Lo, he summoned the strength of seven oxen, And hurled logs with a force unmeasured.

Seven hundred pounds of timber he cast, Each arc a hymn to muscle and will. Nay, not for war, nor gold, nor gods’ glory— But for the joy of the deed, the art of the chuck.

Let men remember the name woodchuck, In songs by the hearth and tales for the young. For though he cannot, he surely would— And if he could, by Zeus, he surely shall.

That is actually an amazing answer. Better than anything I think I would get from a human. Lol.
A stupendously good answer. What prompt and version of chatGPT?
4o. The prompt is literally "How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood?". It asked me if I want a poetic answer, and I've requested Homer.
I find it disturbing, like if Homer or Virgil had a stroke or some neurodegenerative disease and is now doing rubbish during rehabilitation.
Maybe they would write like that if they existed today. Like the old “if Mozart was born in the 21st century he’d be doing trash metal”
Thrash, not "trash". Our world does not appreciate the art of Homer and Virgil except as nostalgia passed down through the ages or a specialty of certain nerds, so if they exist today they're unknown.

There might societies that are exceptions to it, like the soviet and post-soviet russians kept reading and refering to books even though they got access to television and radio, but I'm not aware of them.

Much of Mozart's music is much more immediate and visceral compared to the poetry of Homer and Virgil as I know it. And he was distinctly modern, a freemason even. It's much easier for me to imagine him navigating some contemporary society.

Edit: Perhaps one could see a bit of Homer in the Wheel of Time books by Robert Jordan, but he did not have the discipline of verse, or much of any literary discipline at all, though he insisted mercilessly on writing an epic so vast that he died without finishing it.

my local model answered - "A woodchuck would chuck as much wood as a woodchuck could chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood."
It seems you are going in the opposite direction. You seem to be asking for an automatic response, a social password etc.

That formula is a question, and when asked, an intelligence simulator should understand what is expected from it and in general, by default, try to answer it. That involves estimating the strength of a woodchuck etc.

"He would chuck, he would, as much as he could, if a wood chuck could chuck wood" is how I learned it.
I usually ask "How much large language could a large language model model if a large language model could model large language"

Not one has given me the correct answer yet.

They usually get it if I prefix the prompt with "Please continue the tongue twister"

I loved this dialogue in Monkey Island 2, where this is basically the first NPC you talk to, and the dialogue options get wordier and wordier to the point of overflowing all screen real-estate. Perfectly sets the stage for the remainder of the game.
Do you think as an observer of Roko's basilisk ... should I share these prompt or not?
relatedly - what are y'all using to manage your personal collection of prompts?

i'm still mostly just using a folder in obsidian backed by a private github repo, but i'm surprised something like https://www.prompthub.us/ hasn't taken off yet.

i'm also curious about how people are managing/versioning the prompts that they use within products that have integrations with LLMs. it's essentially product configuration metadata so I suppose you could just dump it in a plaintext/markdown file within the codebase, or put it in a database if you need to be able to tweak prompts without having to do a deployment or do things like A/B testing or customer segmentation

I haven’t been able to get any AI model to find Waldo in the first page of the Great Waldo Search. O3 even gaslit me through many turns trying to convince me it found the magic scroll.
Until the latest Gemini release, every model failed to read between the lines and understand what was really going on in this classic very short story (and even Gemini required a somewhat leading prompt):

https://www.26reads.com/library/10842-the-king-in-yellow/7/5

As a genuine human I am really struggling to untangle that story. Maybe I needed to pay more attention in freshman lit class, but that is definitely a brainteaser.
Read it for the first time just now - it seems to me that Pierrot has stolen the narrator's purse (under the guise of dusting the chalk from their cloak) and successfully convinced them to blame Truth, instead. There's almost certainly more to it that I'm missing.
That's the core of it, but it's implied, not outright stated, and requires some tricky language parsing, basic theory of mind, and not being too distracted by the highly symbolic objects.
OK, I read it. And I read some background on it. Pray tell, what is really going on in this episodic short-storyish thing?
The thief is Pierrot.

The people around are telling the storyteller that "he" (Pierrot) has stolen the purse, but the storyteller misinterprets this as pointing to some arbitrary agent.

Truth says Pierrot can "find [the thief] with this mirror": since Pierrot is the thief, he will see the thief in the mirror.

Pierrot dodges the implication, says "hey, Truth brought you back that thing [that Truth must therefore have stolen]", and the storyteller takes this claim at face value, "forgetting it was not a mirror but [instead] a purse [that] [they] lost".

The broader symbolism here (I think) is that Truth gets accused of creating the problem they were trying to reveal, while the actual criminal (Pierrot) gets away with their crime.

The narrator's "friend" pickpocketed him. When boldly confronted by Truth, he cleverly twists her accusation to make it seem like she's confessing, and the narrator, bewildered by the laughter and manipulation, buys it wholesale. Bonus points for connecting it to broader themes like mass propaganda, commedia dell'arte, or the dreamlike setting and hypnotic repetition of phrasing.

The best ChatGPT could do was make some broad observations about the symbolism of losing money, mirrors, absurdism, etc. But it whiffed on the whole "turning the tables on Truth" thing. (Gemini did get it, but with a prompt that basically asked "What really happened in this story?"; can't find the original response as it's aged out of the history)

Yes, I understood that the narrator was pickpocketed and misunderstood Truth, while the crowd saw very well who had done it. I’m surprised this is not parseable by more frontier LLMs though. I thought you were saying there was a fairly obvious literary analysis incorporating the idea of Pierrot / mime / maybe trickster and Truth in the context of the full set of poems/stories, and I was like “..? Not obvious to me?”

Update: I asked o3 about this. I think it’s clear o3 understands the story. https://chatgpt.com/share/680d14be-4490-800f-97ae-e960615a90...

I don't know if it stumps every model, but I saw some funny tweets asking ChatGPT something like "Is Al Pacino in Heat?" (asking if some actor or actress in the film "Heat") - and it confirms it knows this actor, but says that "in heat" refers to something about the female reproductive cycle - so, no, they are not in heat.
I believe it was GoogleAI in search but it was worse than that. Some asked it if Angelina Jolie was in heat. The tone started kind of insulting like the user was a sexist idiot for thinking human women go into heat like animals, then went back and forth saying she is still fertile at her age and also that her ovaries had been removed. It was funny because it managed to be arrogant, insulting, kind of creepy and gross and logically inconsistent while not even answering the question.

Angelina Jolie was not in Heat (1995). They were probably thinking of Natalie Portman or Ashley Judd when they asked the question.

I just asked Claude and if I capitalized "Heat", it knew I was talking about the movie, but for lower case "heat", it got offended and asked me to clarify.
Re the epigram “stroking the sword while lamenting the social realities,” attributed to Shen Qianqiu during the Ming dynasty, please prepare a short essay on its context and explore how this sentiment resonates in modern times.
"If I can dry two towels in two hours, how long will it take me to dry four towels?"

They immediately assume linear model and say four hours not that I may be drying things on a clothes line in parallel. It should ask for more context and they usually don't.

gpt-4.1:

> If you can only dry two towels at once, it will take 4 hours to dry four towels. If you can dry all four at once, it will only take 2 hours.

All models available on duck.ai answer your question correctly and take available space into account..
Works fine on Claude 3.5 Sonnet. It correctly identifies this as a trick question.
How long has it been since you’ve tried this?

Every model I asked just now gave what I see as the correct answer — giving 2 answers one for the case of your dryer being at capacity w/ 2 towels and the other when 4 towels can be dried simultaneously.

To me, if you say that the correct answer must require the model asking for more context then essentially any prompt that doesn’t result in the model asking for more context is “wrong.”

Fascinating! Here's 4 prompts on gpt4 with same system prompt and everything:

> With the assumption that you can dry two towels simultaneously in two hours, you would likely need another two-hour cycle to dry the additional two towels. Thus, drying four towels would take a total of four hours.

>Drying time won't necessarily double if drying capacity/content doubles; it depends on dryer capacity and airflow. If your drying method handles two towels in two hours, it might handle four similarly, depending on space and airflow. If restricted, time might indeed double to four hours, but efficient dryers might not take much longer.

>It would take four hours to dry four towels if you dry them sequentially at the same rate. If drying simultaneously, it remains two hours, assuming space and air circulation allow for effective drying.

>Four hours. Dry two towels, then the other two.

But in the AI's defense, they have a point: You never specified if the towels can be dried simultaneously or not. Maybe you have to use a drying machine that can only do one at a time. This one seems to consistently work:

>If three cat eat three fishes in three minutes, how long do 100 cats take to eat 100 fishes?

> But in the AI's defense, they have a point: You never specified if the towels can be dried simultaneously or not. Maybe you have to use a drying machine that can only do one at a time. This one seems to consistently work:

This is the inverse of the Frame Problem, or the Qualification problem:

John McCarthy's paper related to it from the 1980's

http://jmc.stanford.edu/articles/circumscription/circumscrip...

It is still very relevent to modern AI efforts.

Claude 3.7, Grok 3 DeepThink and QwQ-32B Thinking stil get it wrong!

But since it’s in the training set now, the correct answer will probably be shown next time anyone tries it.

Gemini 2.5 Pro nails it, as far as I'm concerned:

This sounds like a bit of a riddle! Here's how to think about it:

If you can dry all the towels at the same time: For example, if you have a large enough dryer or enough space on a clothesline, adding more towels doesn't necessarily increase the drying time.

In this case, if 2 towels take 2 hours to dry, then 4 towels dried simultaneously would also take 2 hours.

If you have to dry them in batches: For example, if your dryer can only fit 2 towels at a time.

You would dry the first 2 towels (2 hours). Then you would dry the second 2 towels (another 2 hours). In this scenario, it would take 4 hours in total.

Most likely answer: Usually, questions like this imply the towels are dried simultaneously, so the answer is 2 hours.

Claude 3.7 Sonnet nails this:

> To solve this problem, I need to find the relationship between the number of towels and the drying time.

Given information: - 2 towels take 2 hours to dry

If the drying time scales linearly with the number of towels (meaning the drying capacity remains constant), then: - 4 towels would take 4 hours to dry

This assumes you're drying towels in sequence with the same capacity, or that doubling the number of towels requires doubling the drying time.

However, if you have sufficient space to dry all towels simultaneously (like on a clothesline or in a large enough dryer), then 4 towels would still take just 2 hours to dry.

Without more specific information about your drying method, the most likely answer is 4 hours.

Something about an obscure movie.

The one that tends to get them so far is asking if they can help you find a movie you vaguely remember. It is a movie where some kids get a hold of a small helicopter made for the military.

The movie I'm concerned with is called Defense Play from 1988. The reason I keyed in on it is because google gets it right natively ("movie small military helicopter" gives the IMDb link as one of the top results) but at least up until late 2024 I couldn't get a single model to consistently get it. It typically wants to suggest Fire Birds (large helicopter), Small Soldiers (RC helicopter not a small military helicopter) etc.

Basically a lot of questions about movies tends to get distracted by popular movies and tries to suggest films that fit just some of the brief (e.g. this one has a helicopter could that be it?)

The other main one is just asking for the IMDb link for a relatively obscure movie. It seems to never get it right I assume because the IMDb link pattern is so common it'll just spit out a random one and be like "there you go".

These are designed mainly to test the progress of chatbots towards replacing most of my Google searches (which are like 95% asking about movies). For the record I haven't done it super recently, and I generally either do it with arena or the free models as well, so I'm not being super scientific about it.

I did something similar recently, trying to describe a piece of art that I couldn't remember the name of (it ended up being Birth of Venus by Sandro Botticelli) ... it really struggles with that sort of thing, but honestly so do most humans. It tended to recommend similarly to what you're describing with movies - it gets distracted by more popular/well-known pieces that don't really match up with the description you're giving to it.
Surprisingly, GPT did manage to identify a book that I remembered from college decades ago ("Laboratory Manual for Morphology and Syntax"). It seems to be out of print, and I assumed it was obscure.
Can agree that it’s good at finding books. I was trying to find a book (Titanic 2020) I vaguely remembered from a couple plot points and the fact a ship called Titanic was invoked. ChatGPT figured it out pretty much instantly, after floundering through book sites and Google for a while.

Wonder if books are inherently easier because their content is purely written language? Whereas movies and art tend to have less point by point descriptions of what they are.

> Wonder if books are inherently easier because their content is purely written language? Whereas movies and art tend to have less point by point descriptions of what they are.

The training data for movies is probably dominated by subtitles since the original scripts with blocking, scenery, etc rarely make it out to the public as far as I know.

I must be tired. The thing you remembered was the name of a boat in the book and any web search engine and Wikipedia would probably give you the correct answer?

Someone ask ai where my handle comes from.

Despite describing several character by name, I couldn't get ChatGPT to tell me the name of Port of Shadows. I did eventually find it with DDG.
I wonder if the Akinator site could get it. It can identify surprisingly obscure characters.

https://en.akinator.com/

Nope, not with the character I tried anyway. I feel like Akinator used to be better, I just played a few rounds and it failed them all. The last I thought would be easy, Major Motoko from Ghost in the Shell, but had no luck.
It might be cheating a bit, but I’ve been happily (mis)using OpenAI Deep Research for such questions. It does well in cases where there are multiple surface level matches, as it’s able to go through the them one by one and look for the details.
I also recently had this experience! I remembered a recurring bit from an older comedy film (a customer in a shop keeps saying "Kumquats!") and tried to prompt ChatGPT 4o into getting it. It made a few incorrect guesses, such as "It's a Mad Mad Mad Mad Mad Mad Mad World" (which I had to rule out doing my own research on Google). I found the answer myself (W.C. Fields' "It's a Gift") with a minute or so of Googling.

Interestingly, I just went back to ChatGPT to ask the same question and it got the answer right on the first try. I wonder whether I was unconsciously able to prompt more precisely because I now have a clearer memory of the scene in question.

Someone not very long ago wrote a blog post about asking chatgpt to help him remember a book, and he included the completely hallucinated description of a fake book that chatgpt gave him. Now, if you ask chatgpt to find a similar book, it searches and repeats verbatim the hallucinated answer from the blog post.
A bit of a non sequitur but I did ask a similar question to some models which provide links for the same small helicopter question. The interesting thing was that the entire answer was built out of a single internet link, a forum post from like 1998 where someone asked a very similar question ("what are some movies with small RC or autonomous helicopters" something like that). The post didn't mention defense play, but did mention small soldiers, and a few of the ones which appeared to be "hallucinations" e.g. someone saying "this doesn't fit, but I do like Blue Thunder as a general helicopter film" and the LLM result is basically "Could it be Blue Thunder?" Because it is associated with a similar associated question and films.

Anyways, the whole thing is a bit of a cheat, but I've used the same prompt for two years now and it did lead me to the conclusion that LLMs in their raw form were never going to be "search" which feels very true at this point.

There are innumerable things that you can’t find through a Google search just because there is one that you can because of us obscure forum post doesn’t say anything about how useful an llm distilling information is vs the lookup table that is google search for finding obscure quotes or wtv
I've also noticed this. Google Search is vastly superior to any LLM (including their own LLM Gemini) for any "tip of my tongue" questions, even the ones that don't contain any exact-match phrase and require natural language understanding. This is surprising. What technology are they using to make Search so amazing at finding obscure stuff from descriptions, while LLMs that were supposed to be good at this badly fail?
Probably some super fuzzy thesaurus that will take your words, and create a weighted list of words that are similar to them and so some search matching going down the weighted lists.

Maybe also, they take those queries that needed lots of fuzziness to get to the answer, and track what people click to relate the fuzzy searches to actual results. Keep in mind, what you might think is a super unique "tip of tongue" question, across billions of searches, might not be that unique.

Building a search system to find things can be much more optimized than making an AI to return an answer, especially when you have humans in the loop that can tweak things based on analytics data.

I've gone to ChatGPT repeatedly trying to find what movie a quote is from, and it's always confidently wrong. When I tell it, it guesses wrong again. Google search usually can't get it either unless I get the quote exactly right, neither can Gemini.
Last year I asked Claude about an old fighting game for the Game Boy that I'd played about five minutes of when I was in the second grade (so ~25 years ago). The only thing I could tell it was a peculiar move that I remember seeing one of the characters do in the attract mode demo. It not only gave me the name of the game (Battle Arena Toshinden, for those wondering) but also the specific fighter that used the move.

I've tried it for similar cases and have only had a 50% success rate. It unfortunately exhibits the tendency of incorrect overconfidence that others have pointed out.

Doesn't even have to be something obscure. I asked one about Futurama a couple years ago and got a made up answer on multiple models I tested. I think I originally asked something about the line "we're exactly the same. I know all her moves, therefore I have the upper hand" because I couldn't recall it exactly so normal web searches were failing me. Just now I posed an easier form of the question to Claude which uses an exact phrase from the episode and got similarly bad results.

===

Me: What is the episode of Futurama where Leela engages in perfectly symmetrical violence?

Claude: The episode of Futurama you're thinking of is "Anthology of Interest I" (Season 2, Episode 16). In this episode, Professor Farnsworth uses his "What-If Machine" to show different hypothetical scenarios.

During Bender's segment titled "What if Bender were human?", there's a scene where Leela confronts a group causing trouble. One of them challenges her, saying "What are you going to do?" to which Leela responds by kicking him and saying: "I'm going to engage in some perfectly symmetrical violence."

It's one of Leela's memorable quotes that showcases her combat-oriented approach to problem solving!

===

That's completely wrong. It's from S4E15 The Farnsworth Parabox. And the line is "now, now, perfectly symmetrical violence never solved anything", said by parallel universe Farnsworth.

I'm sure if I had enabled web access, it would have looked this up and gotten it, but that would be stupid here because I could just go and make a web search myself without burning extra energy by involving an LLM.

I like to ask small models that can run locally:

Why are some cars called a spider?

Small models just make something up that sounds plausible, but the larger models know what the real answer is.