My business worked... until I found out it was illegal
I currently work as a teacher’s aid in Special Education and am a counselor for a special needs summer camp. I met the girl of my dreams two Summers at this same camp (http://www.partnersinadventure.org/) and have been with her ever since. However, I’m worried about an inability to provide for our future family.
I’ve had one successful business venture previously. I began selling Heady Topper online, an internet-famous beer made in the Vermont area. First I started doing it on Ebay. Eventually I made a website called headytopper.com with Magento (it’s down now for reasons I will soon reveal).
Sales were going great and I had made an extra thousand dollars or so after a couple months. However, during my Christmas break, I got a call from Jen Kimmich, the wife of the brewer John Kimmich. She advised that I stop doing what I was doing as it was illegal in the state of Vermont and “Heady Topper” was trademarked. It was a huge shock I’m lucky to have not gotten sued. I had had a successful but illegal business.
-I really want to start one that is successful LEGAL! I want your help: -My strengths: -I’m very frugal -I am resourceful in that I take a lot of advantage of all that the internet has to offer in the form of software to increase efficiency -I live in Vermont, state a lot of people want to go to or be a part of -I am competent at selling -I have a car -I have saved about $5K for startup funds -I am willing to learn -Thank you very much, any advice would be greatly appreciated
- Max
58 comments
[ 2.2 ms ] story [ 32.9 ms ] threadI was considering a business of this sort, but was a bit intimidated by having to keep a large amount of products in-stock and the price that would come with that kind of thing.
I was also turned off by the lack of apparent success of a similar website: http://www.bestofvermont.com/
Any thoughts on these two concerns?
If you're serious about capitalizing on Vermont craft industries, something to consider is creating a brand. Don't sell "Vermont cheese" or "Vermont syrup"; sell "Awesome Craft Syrup (a product of Vermont)".
Look at Zingerman's in Ann Arbor, MI for an example of this business executed at its highest levels.
I think the important thing is to keep trying stuff until something sticks. Good luck!
http://www.startupbook.net/
If its just the trademark issue, then just change the name and carry on.
However, selling beer online in Vermont is never legal.
Interestingly, it is possible to sell a certain amount wine online in Vermont. Just not beer. Now I know.
It is always illegal to ship beer beer via USPS. It is not against policy to ship beer via Fedex of UPS if you take the necessary steps. I believe you have to show them proof of proper license and pay a fee. Of course, if you do not take these extra steps... I don't think there's a problem. Fedex has destroyed plenty of my orders, but always let me ship more. No refund to speak of though.
That being said, there is a major online beer seller:http://www.halftimebeverage.com/browse.cfm/long-trail-ale-12...
That does sell a Vermon-based beer online...
To be honest I'm pretty scared now of trying to sell any kind of beer online. It just seems so risky after having been threatened with legal action.
On the other hand, I do have Jen's direct email address and could easily inquire to her about selling Heady Topper in New York...
The 21st amendment lets each state set the rules for the transportation of and importation of intoxicating liquors into that state. So the problem is not so much that it's prima facie illegal, as that each state has its own set of rules/taxes/requirements that you must comply with. I suppose a state could make it illegal to sell alcohol online.
* There are states such as Texas that forbid the unlicensed shipping of alcohol from outside the state to residents.
* There are states (I think IL is one of them) for which large classes of alcoholic beverages are controlled by distributorships, which are licensed monopolies for shipping.
* Both UPS and FedEx require a special license to ship alcohol through them.
* It's illegal to ship alcohol using the USPS.
A lot of these issues are in flux (and are tending to be resolved the "right" way), but there is still a lot of prohibition baggage in our liquor laws.
The problem with startup breweries/wineries is that they have to make thier sales exclusively to distributors, then market to retailers (get demand for the distros to carry). However, as a retailer, you're only allowed to purchase from the distributors. If the distro doesnt carry a product you want to sell, you legally cannot sell it.
It was an eye-opener. The code itself was a horrifying pile of special cases, largely because each state had its own form, which required its own set of information, and its own rules regarding shipments, and its own license fees ...
I wouldn't be surprised if 20% of the retail cost of alcoholic beverages is due to the headaches associated with moving them across state lines.
I helped build one of the first online wine sales sites and they imploded due to spending tons of money trying to establish a complicated system of warehouses in every state in order to comply with the regulations.
As has been said, you definitely need to be careful about the legality of your business; more importantly, though, you need to step back and get a much more informed idea of intellectual property and how you can and (mostly) can't use other people's products.
This is just another reason why selling beer online is not a great business.
First - research your business idea. A google search for "selling beer online" would have quickly lead you to many articles like this: http://billybrew.com/the-ins-and-outs-of-shipping-beer which detail where and why shippping beer is illegal.
Second, if you're selling someone else's product it's a good idea not to register a domain with their exact product_name.com. You're extremely lucky that you weren't sued. Find out if they put any restrictions on letting you re-sell or being an affiliate.
Third, research the method you intend to use to sell your product. In the future depending on your product you may choose to go a payment processor or a complete solution. Do your research and see what other people with similar business models are using. You also got extremely lucky with ebay, because selling alcohol is against their terms of service too: http://pages.ebay.com/help/policies/alcohol.html
So, I think in part, the reason your business was successful was because you were doing several things that are completely illegal, out in the open. You were the only choice for that audience because going the legal route to sell that beer online isn't easy and is probably costlier.
Fourth, you will be running a business. That means taxes, registering your business, managing the income and expenses, etc. Find a book on setting up your business or google for any of the thousands of blog posts on that topic and you will find lots of step by step guides that tell you exactly what you need to do and what specifics you need to know for your state.
That's the easy stuff. The hard part will be finding a worthwhile idea, digging in, testing the idea and then sticking with it. You've got your work ahead of you. Good luck.
Absolutely true. There's a huge demand on the product and I was one of the only choices outside of Ebay (in which it is also against policy and risky in that you may lose your account if selling persists)
This is a tiny niggle, but your list items need an empty line between them; otherwise they all end up on the same line like your list of admirable traits. :)
That being said...I would be very careful about the legalities of what you are doing. A trademark lawsuit sucks, but a visit from the ATF would be far worse.
Meanwhile, you're selling a product with a well-established price point. Your overhead is substantial (it's expensive to ship beverages). Heady Topper happens to come in cans, but most of the high-demand brews (besides Surly) are bottles, so you'll have breakage to deal with.
There is a reason that there aren't a lot of good ways to click a button to get Pliny The Elder: the market conditions for it suck.
That being said, everything you noted about legal compliance is likely completely accurate and is the differentiator between existing market and feasible business idea.
(If you're wondering, most people get their out-of-state beers by 1:1 exchanges. There's probably a market for solutions that make those swaps easier!)
I wouldn't be able to develop a platform like this, but I'd be more than able to help launch it.
Only when you (as a country) can claim "We did everything in our power to help innovators and businessmen to create jobs" you're allowed to whine.
And while we Europeans have our own share of unemployment issues, we at least do not have massive issues with illegal and legal immigration as the US have.
Of course, the actual numbers of people trying to enter the US per year are not the same number as people already in the US, but it's pretty obvious that the numbers will be far higher than those of France and Greece, probably Spain, thus proving my point.
I'd say you need to come out and visit Vermont and it's beer scene. You might never leave ;)
Any kind of research would have turned up these problems. If you live in Vermont you probably should already have an inkling that the state laws can be touchy about alcohol.
Before starting a commercial website, one should be moderately current in copyright and trademark law. You very likely broke both.
Good luck.
Your mileage may vary as I've kind of given up on these ventures because they are very cost prohibitive to get going. So take the advice for what it's worth.
First, you want to be a retailer; you must be licensed. This is VERY expensive and you have to purchase 100% of your product from a licensed Distributor. If your local distributor doesnt carry the beer you want to sell, you're SOL. You can request it, but Distributors need a LOT of demand to get new products on their list. Distributors arent monopolies by nature, usually most markets will have multiple distributors so you might be able to shop around, but smaller markets will be limited.
As a manufacturer, if you were to brew your product to sell it's easier but much much more expensive. When I priced everything out to just have required equipment it was over $200,000 and that was shopping around for used equipment (over $500 for all new equipment). But even then, you need to get special licensing to sell your product across state lines. Up until I think 2004 or 2005, all mail order sales required in-person orders (visiting a winery for example) This has thankfully changed but other issues still remain.
Many states will not allow alcohol to be shipped in under any circumstances. Some states have requirements on alcohol percentages.
Beer tends to ship one of 2 ways; either you're visiting the breweries website and ordering direct from the brewery Or beer of the month clubs. Again, even the BoM clubs tend to be one of 2 categories; either a single bottle of beer as a "sample" which is covered by different regulations and is easier to do. Or as a "middle man" type operation where the "club" is connected to multiple breweries that are already licensed to sell. At which point they just operate as order takers and have no licensing requirements to perform this service.
However, there's a few caveats. If a brewery went through the expense and hassle to get the shipping licenses; they dont need you. Those that havent been licensed for shipping either cant because of costs involved, or have been denied for whatever reasons (horror stories abound when it comes to BATF licensing and license maintenance).
With the budget you're talking, I'd have to say you'd need to double it just to get a lawyer involved so you dont suffer ATF raids or even jailtime for breaking rules.
Bottom line: you were successful because you completely bypassed city, county, state, and federal regulations. You were the only provider so you had zero competition. You are incredibly lucky that you got tapped on the shoulder by a brewer that said knock it off rather than face an ATF raid and prison sentence.
For $5k I doubt you'll get very far in the licensing business (most of them locally sell for $50,000 or more for retail licenses)