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Are they only targeting a reduced quantity for the same price or can they somehow police a reduced quality?
South Korea has been known for being very strict about false advertising in packaging. So products there usually look very similar to what's shown in the packaging. I imagine they go beyond reduced quantity.
Wouldn't be impossible to police. If you keep the same packaging, but change the ingredients how likely you think they just made the product better?
Depends on the product, and the change.

If "Chlorine Bleach" is diluted from 5.0% concentration (NaClO in H2O) to 4.5%, that's simple and obvious.

If the gallon of chlorine bleach is replaced with a 96oz. "ultra" version, which is 6.5%? Do some math - that's a slight reduction in the NaClO quantity.

If that "ultra" is 6.75%, that's a slight increase in NaClO quantity. Yet the manufacturer's sales and profits will very likely increase - because the "96 oz." will cut their packaging and transportation costs. And most people will not reduce the quantity of "ultra bleach" they use (in their mop bucket, washing machine, etc.) enough to offset the increased concentration. So (on average) customers will pay more money, for the cheaper-on-paper ultra bleach.

And that's a very simple situation. How do you police it if Acme Soup Co. is tweaking their recipes, to put cheaper ingredients and more water into each can?

Since water is specifically cheap (at least in my part of the world), maybe you should have price per dry mass (would work for food and cleaning agents) but that would probably mean they'd add sawdust or starch or sugar.

So we could also add those to the "cheap ingredient list" but of course it's a never-ending battle and likely not to the benefit of the consumer.

I suppose we're actually dealing with a price distribution so maybe a possible solution is:

a graph where X is the procurement price per ingredient and Y is the percentage of the product that is composed of things with ingredient price <= X.

You'd want to have as small as possible an area under that curve but then the question is the procurement price and we've gone full circle.

> If "Chlorine Bleach" is diluted from 5.0% concentration (NaClO in H2O) to 4.5%, that's simple and obvious.

This can be surprisingly dangerous. Home canning recipes expect vinegar to have a certain, long-standard level of acidity to be safe.

In the past year or two, some brands have very quietly change their acetic acid percentage.

Small changes in other ingredients can really throw off safe recipes, like tomatoes going from 15 oz to 14.5 oz. That changes acid levels, too.

True.

And there's also the all-too-common offense of screwing up old recipes - because miserably large number of those specify quantities like "one can of pie filling", "two package unflavored gelatin", and "one medium onion".

Nothing can be done about the granny's collection of recipes on index cards, but I wish there was some "if you wanted to copyright your book or web site full of recipes, then you should have..." penalty for this.

It's not just reducing the amount of the product, a lot of products also reformulate to make things cheaper to produce while keeping the price to the consumer the same.

https://www.theguardian.com/money/2023/oct/21/shrinkflation-...

aka shitflation
I’ve seen it called “skimpflation”. Skimp on ingredients instead of shrinking the product.
That's a good one but there are other forms too. 1. You turn up to buy the store brand of x commodity food but it's out of stock. Stockflation? 2. Bad service. Long waiting times at a restaurant for example.
Here in Sweden we have a law that forces shops to provide a "comparison price" on the price tag. Depending on the type of product, it's the price per volume, weight or unit. This makes it trivial to compare prices between products of different package sizes, and to notice shrinkflation.

Doesn't help detect changed ingredients that lower quality, though.

I thought this was a EU thing, but a quick search suggests that maybe it's something specific to us?

We also have this in France. I don't know if it's a legal requirement, but I see it everywhere, so I'm pretty sure it is.
Yes, it's an EU-wide legal requirement (directive 98/6/EC on consumer protection in the indication of the prices of products offered to consumers).
In Poland there's also price per unit but with way smaller font than the price.
You can't use that to detect shrinkflation unless you remember the old price per unit, right?

Some NZ supermarkets have that kind of labelling, but not always for every product.

My regular (soon to be former) cereal has gone from 700g to 620g to 535g in about 3 months, all for the same price. The box has the same width and height, but the depth has been shrinking.

I'm creating a browser extension to display unit pricing on some NZ supermarket sites that don't have it.
We have the same in the UK. On rare occasions there is a bad comparison between two products, one will be per kg and the other per item, but otherwise it's a great system.

The problem in the US is that food/ag corporations are powerful and always fight against this kind of consumer information. Same with ingredient and nutrition labelling. They want the consumer to have as little information as possible (information asymmetry is the term in economics).

It may not be a law here in the US, but most stores do it anyway. Meijer, Kroger, Walmart all have per-unit prices in a corner of the tag. Most of the time, sale prices have them too.
Unsure if it's law in the UK - but every UK supermarket I've visited has price per 100g / kg / litre / 100ml on every product.

Rather amusingly (to me!), lavatory paper has a price per sheet, which is abbreviated "sht"... https://www.tesco.com/groceries/en-GB/products/304782328

It is the law, with an exception for small shops, food "to go", etc. But, it only applies to the ordinary price. Any multibuy or conditional offer is excluded. Now stores have started putting the real price behind a free loyalty card without a unit price, and a ridiculous fake price (like, 2x or more) on the ordinary price tag. The Competition and Markets Authority has started an investigation.
That's good to know an investigation has been started. I can't believe anyone would fall for the "clubcard price" nonsense but requiring a clubcard and displaying a fake ridiculous price should both be illegal.
It's not a case of "falling" for it. It's a case of being effectively forced to sign up for these schemes to pay a reasonable price for shopping.

I hope the CMA comes down hard. It's disgusting.

Tesco pioneered some of the most hilariously sharp practices that mean you really need to have your wits (or enough money to not care) with you.

"30p each or only 3 for £1" isn't a joke. I saw this in a London store when they tried making multi-pack offers near the checkout actually more expensive than picking up separate items.

"Meal Deals" are a fantastic scam that charge you more for eating less. If you don't take the crisps or drink it doesn't "count" as the meal-deal, and the individual items cost more. I end up buying an extra bag of crisps I don't want and giving it to the homeless person outside.

Like many British supermarkets they operate a three tier pricing structure, normal, discounted (with yellow labels) and "Clubcard" prices. These are applied to similar items on proximate shelves, so you're never quite sure which ones the offers apply to. Sometimes those little yellow stickers don't scan, and surprise.. you pay the original price.

And don't get me started on automatic checkouts, which are basically "mugging robots" designed to rob humans.

Supermarkets are playgrounds for screwing people over with little mind games. What a desolation of human life for those who waste their days thinking up this shit.

> "Meal Deals" are a fantastic scam that charge you more for eating less. If you don't take the crisps or drink it doesn't "count" as the meal-deal, and the individual items cost more.

How is "If you add a third item the price sometimes goes down" a scam?

The real price is the "meal deal" price. The individual prices are scam prices which buyers will often pay if they aren't paying complete attention.
M&S run the real scam. They don't even do a meal deal. It just costs you £7.
I don't think that's quite true. If I just want a bottle of water I wouldn't buy a meal deal to get the real price. Some of the meal deal items are subsidised more than others, it's true, but that doesn't make it a scam. Paying £3.50 or whatever for quite a lot of stuff is pretty amazing.
You don't honestly think the supermarkets are letting you have it our of the goodness of their hearts do you? It's obvious what is going on:

* £3.50 is the price. That means they'll make a profit on that. It's a "low" price because it's garbage, tasteless, low-quality junk food,

* The supermarkets know which items are more likely to sell separately. Like your bottle of water example. So those items are individually priced higher while others that rarely sell separately (like sandwiches) will be individually priced low. Whatever it really is, the supermarket has all the data, they know how to win.

Similarly, it's like how people think shoplifters steal from the supermarket. The supermarket knows how much stuff gets stolen each year. They price accordingly. Shoplifters steal from you.

> * £3.50 is the price. That means they'll make a profit on that. It's a "low" price because it's garbage, tasteless, low-quality junk food,

This is wrong. They won't always make a profit. On some items they make a loss.

> * The supermarkets know which items are more likely to sell separately. Like your bottle of water example. So those items are individually priced higher while others that rarely sell separately (like sandwiches) will be individually priced low.

This is also wrong. These items a) have an actual unit price, which will differ depending on various factors, and b) compete with other vendors selling the same or similar, and c) need to be there or shoppers won't go the the shop in the first place.

There are many forces acting on these prices. Thinking profit is the only force is bound to be wrong.

Tesco posted a profit of about £1.5bn in 2022. Where exactly do you think this comes from?

I know about loss leaders, but I severely doubt meal deals are loss leaders considering they are placed at the front of the shop and customers often come in to buy them at lunch time. They are competing with the likes of Gregg's here.

It doesn't matter about the individual technicalities. What matters is the bottom line. You aren't beating Tesco.

> Tesco posted a profit of about £1.5bn in 2022. Where exactly do you think this comes from?

I think it comes from everything they sell. You're taking the business' overall performance and seemingly attributing it all to people not buying meal deals when they could.

> I know about loss leaders, but I severely doubt meal deals are loss leaders considering they are placed at the front of the shop and customers often come in to buy them at lunch time.

This is the definition of a loss leader. Bring people in to buy it, and they'll buy a few other things at the same time.

> What matters is the bottom line. You aren't beating Tesco.

These conversation-ending grand statements aren't relevant. I'm not trying to beat Tesco.

How is "if you try not to eat more than you need and create environmental and energy waste, we will punish you" not a scandal ?
> And don't get me started on automatic checkouts, which are basically "mugging robots" designed to rob humans.

How does that work? Are you saying they charge more for the same purchases?

They charge the same price for slower service.

Please place your item in the bagging area. Unrecognized item in the bagging area. Please scan items one at a time.

That’s a very specific thing for the UK.

I have not seen those annoying checkout scales anywhere else in Europe.

In Finland in some shops you can take a barcode reader and bag the things directly as you go. In the automated counter you just put in the scanner and pay.

There are no scales and nobody would notice if you just don't scan the item. In theory there are "random" checks. I've never seen one happen though. Not having a huge desperate underclass makes many things a lot smoother.

In the USA the implementation of self checkout varies wildly, and seems to be linked to the socioeconomic condition of the neighborhood.

Grocery shopping in rich neighborhood = scale has a large tolerance and will not stop you from continuing to scan if you place something unexpected on it. You can scan and bag in whatever order without the machine making any accusations.

In a poor neighborhood = you scan an item and put it on the scale, then put your bag from home on the scale to bag the first item. The scale is set to a strict tolerance and stops scanning items “UNEXPECTED ITEM IN BAGGING AREA” and you have to wait for an employee to unlock it.

As they say “there’s nothing more expensive than being poor”, and bad self-checkouts is just another factor in that.

That an implementation problem. In the Netherlands self checkouts are very quick and painless. There are no weird ceremonials or a bagging area or whatever.
When the unit price is only shown for the non-discounted price, I usually pull up my phone's calculator out of spite if I don't know what it works out to mentally.

Another thing that annoys me is there being no indication of how long a sale or promotion is running. Lidl does this correctly, and puts a to/from date on the price tag in tiny text. (for internal use, I assume. but still super useful)

"Clubcard prices" somehow avoid the laws on misleading discounts as well, where the price you're discounting from needs to be the lowest price that product was on sale for for the preceding 30 days.

The units are disingenuously applied in Tesco at least though which makes it difficult to compare.

For example you might have price per sht (well you need at least 4 per sh*t ;) but there will also be a 2 for 1 offer with no price per sht and then a multi pack with no offer on it with a different price per sht. So you have three factors to compare to work out how many sh*ts per sht are best value. And then there's the confusion of loyalty card only prices.

I have got to the point I'd rather shop at Waitrose because they don't pull that sht.

On that note I think I'll go to Morrisons today and be mugged differently.

> I think I'll go to Morrisons today and be mugged differently

This is a beautiful sentence, i think.

Same sh*t, different day I suppose.

Yeah it is nice to at least have a little variation in sh*t though sometimes.
In india, very recently they started mandating small value comparisons.

/g, /ml because its easier to say Rs. 2.04/g as compared to Rs. 204/100g. This makes so much more easy to compare

I do use these labels when shopping, and it does help quite a bit. There are other underhanded tricks they use though.

Incompatible goods. Buy 8 buns for a 6 hotdog package. Jam jars of 600 mL but refill packets of 750 mL. Absolute madness. Why do you do this?

Store's own brand is like 20-30% cheaper across the board. How is this even possible?

And the worst one:

Incompatible units in comparison price. You buy popsicles, one box has them in money/popsicle, one box has them in money/volume frozen water.

> Store's own brand is like 20-30% cheaper across the board. How is this even possible?

No need for marketing costs. Also companies compete for shelf space (sometimes they will have to pay to have their products placed in a favorable spot). Also they buy BULK. When (e.g. Tesco) buys bread they issue the recipe they want and they guarantee LARGE volumes.

Regarding the comparisons, in EU they got labels that give you cost per 100ml or 100gr or per item.

Also a quality of such cheaper own brands is lower. Tesco Value is garbage, but they have premium brands which are not cheaper than popular external brands and with decent quality.

And I have a feeling they intentionally increase price of other brands to force people to buy store's brands.

They are not always lower, in my experience only some store brands are (on average) of lower quality.

And many individual products are still good enough.

The unit issue is in the EU. You can't sell everything by 100 g or 100 mL, so it is ultimately up to the seller. Another example of it is toilet paper, sometimes given in money/square, sometimes given in money/length.
The stores which have their own brands will also often simply set higher prices for the other brands
This is great, but who the hell remembers what the price per litre was the last time they bought shampoo? This does not make it trivial to track shrinkflation at all. This is for comparing products that are currently on the shelf.
It seems that the proposal from South Korea is different though, because it will show a before-after comparison, which isn't required in Europe. So I don't know for you, but I personally don't remember what's the per kg price of every single product I buy. If it increased and all other products increased too, I will not have any reference point.
It still helps, though, unless the shrinkflation hits the shelves for all competing products at the same time. If one brand starts with a higher per unit price, they will lose some customers comparing the per unit price with other brands.
There is a nice new law in Poland which require online stores to publish prices together with minimum price for the last 30 days.

Good thing to not be hooked by fake discounts.

GOG.com is doing this with video games - is it due to the law there?
it is an EU thing [0][1]

   Easy comparison – price per unit
   You should also be able to compare prices between brands and between package sizes – to see, for example, what saving you'd make buying a large-size box of breakfast cereal instead of a small box.
   To help you do this, all products must be marked not only with the selling price, but also the price per unit – for example, the price per kilo or per litre. This information must be understandable, easy to read, and easily identifiable.
   This rule also applies to adverts that mention a selling price.
Notice this does not apply uniformly since it delegates to national regulations, so e.g. IIRC in Italy supermarkets list the number of "bits" you can rip off a toilet paper roll, but in Hungary they don't.

^0 https://commission.europa.eu/law/law-topic/consumer-protecti...

^1 https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/unfair-treat...

Its a beautifully simple measure that helps me every day.
Yes it's crazy how much it helps, I always look at them now when choosing among products

I almost feel sorry for the producers

We have the same in Spain yes
The main issue with this is that nobody I know shops by price per unit. Once the item with the new price per unit is out few people will remember the old one.
You can always compare the same kinds of products, they'll always be next to each other
The example of "lower quality ingredients" that I have noticed in Sweden on a slippery slope is milk chocolate.

In particular Marabou, which is (debatably) some kind of gold standard for kids chocolate in Sweden.

I think they gradually decrease the amount of cocoa and check if customers accept it. And when they do it a little at a time of course no one notices.

See also: Cadbury (UK) after they were bought by Kraft (US). I don't buy their products any more. A 150yo family company ruined in less than a geneation.
To be fair the downfall of Cadbury started before Kraft got their hands on it when they started moving production to Poland.
It's a thing in Norway too. Even toilet paper has a price per meter.
We have this in Brazil too and it is great.

And it is a law that if you decrease the weight of the product, you need to call that out on the label.

It works great.

It seems widespread within the EU, not sure if it is EU mandated though. The Netherlands also has this.
Same in the US, but then one product does it per oz, and the other one per lbs.

Or when I lived in Belgium it was per 100ml, or per liter, or per 100 grams which aren't necessarily the same.

Good. I would rather have the same amount of product I am used to and pay more than have less of the product in one package.

Same goes for quality. Don't degrade your product. If it gets worse, chances are I won't buy it, no matter for what price you sell it.

If you instead keep the quality and increase the price then I might be willing to pay up just to enjoy my favourite brand of crisps.

That said, it is probably better for me that a regular sized bag of cripsps is now 175g instead of 200g.

>Good. I would rather have the same amount of product I am used to and pay more than have less of the product in one package.

There was a joke in eastern europe (after the berlin wall fell, and all kinds of fraud and high inflation were happening) - The average price of a liter of gasoline fell by 4% last month, the average volume of liter of gasoline fell by 7% ...

> Don't degrade your product. If it gets worse, chances are I won't buy it, no matter for what price you sell it.

Completely agree: recently I wanted some peppermints, and I noticed the sugar had been replaced by "glucose syrup".

I didn't buy them, and I've done this for other products.

Are companies losing sales, which will make them "degrade their product" more as their revenues decline, which will lose sales, and so-on?

I was with you until I read your example: Replacing a something that is almost pure energy to your body with something that is pure energy won't probably make a big change on how healthy your diet is. If you are giving yourself insulin spikes between meals eating candy, your body will not thank you.
> If it gets worse, chances are I won't buy it

Most people, most times, can’t tell

> If it gets worse, chances are I won't buy it, no matter for what price you sell it.

Yes! Which is why we'll market it as New Slurm. Then, when everyone hates it, we'll bring back Slurm Classic, and make billions!

Companies don't make their products for you, they make them for the general public, who will absolutely buy a lower quality product.
My wife and I have dabbled (with great success, but not for everyone) in keto for a few months at a time over the last 3 years.

Sugar has been added to basically everything at our Canadian grocery stores. Some examples:

Creamcheese + 600% Fresh sausage + 300% Cold cuts + 300% Canned tomatoes + 400%

Of course this also coincides with Canada's lovely carbon tax (which is applied to our farmers).

Taxing the farmer is a problem because every person in the middle is marking up that carbon tax before passing it along. Just tax our food and call it a day. Otherwise companies will just continueto buy the tomatoes from Mexico and SHIP IT ACROSS 3 &$+#+$ COUNTRIES.

Do you know what a border adjustment levy is?
Keto/carnivore helps A LOT (YMMV). It eliminated cravings for me and also cut spending significantly as it removed any impulsive shopping/eating.

If you think about it most ultra processed food is packed with salt and/or sugar to hijack your brain and keep you hooked.

Big food is not joking around when it comes to addiction.

> Taxing the farmer is a problem because every person in the middle is marking up that carbon tax before passing it along. Just tax our food and call it a day. Otherwise companies will just continueto buy the tomatoes from Mexico and SHIP IT ACROSS 3 &$+#+$ COUNTRIES.

That is the point of a carbon tax, to apply it at the root cause of carbon emissions ensuring no one avoids paying the cost, and hence incentivizing everyone to reduce consumption.

And the tomatoes are coming from Mexico because that is where the procurers can get them at the best price to quality ratio for their customers. If you think you can find a better source, I am sure the stores would love to hear it, because they are not paying to ship them across multiple countries for fun.

Only some carbon taxes apply to farmers. They are specifically exempt from the tax on any gasoline or diesel for their equipment.

They aren't exempt from the tax on (for instance) natural gas to heat a barn. Though I believe that is changing with Bill C-234.

They should consider policing whatever ruinuous economic policies are creating inflation. Lead by example, then you can shame others.
Definitely playing with fire. Inflation works in practice because people are intrinsically happier when they have more money. And we discovered in 1971 that “the printing press is inexhaustible.” Maybe shifting attention to producers is the goal? Feels like a short-term fix.
This has gotten so crazy that there was a segment on Conan with B.J. Novak where the entire interview was around how Novak thinks Cadbury eggs have gotten smaller.

And it's weird because when he brought this up with people, they were obviously passive about it, not knowing for sure since who actually remembers the old price of a single cadbury egg?

He even went on the website, and they said that "the eggs haven't gotten smaller, you've just gotten bigger". Not only do they know, they're trying to actively gaslight the population.

He then brings out an old egg he found and compares it to a newer one and it's definitely smaller.

link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TlXLCrzpToo

Japan needs this, along with any number above zero of the other good packaging laws mentioned in the comments. Try doing a price comparison when the weight of the item isn't even required to be listed on the pack!
Does CPI adjust for shrinkflation?
In Italy they've tried it with subscriptions a few years ago (of mobile, internet and satellite tv).

The monthly subscriptions were turned into "four weeks" (28 days) ones, while “maintaining the same price”.

"We're simplifying your subscription, from now on you'll always pay every four weeks instead of a confusing varying month! :) Oh and don't worry the price stays the same! :) :)"

The 8.7 actual price increase was an unfortunate, unwanted side effect of course!! :(

Related to this, I'm in the UK and use online-only supermarket Ocado. And I recently built https://ocamatic.uk/, which scrapes price history for all products. I use it to check how often a given product is on sale, for example. It also shows recent "shrinkflation" events. Maybe others will find it useful.
LOL. I still remember when the South Korean police stole my friends eye-glasses from the metro in Samsu station in Seoul. Buddy was pissed but I couldn't stop laughing at the cop inside the metro booth wearing his glasses. I have no doubt they'll shakedown some poor fools over this demand-side inflation nightmare. Let no good crises go to waste.