110 comments

[ 9.4 ms ] story [ 80.6 ms ] thread
It's Arm based, although they barely mention that.
Yes the lack of transparency on ARM architecture and the obfuscation of the RAM capacity with just the slot information is annoying. Not sure if it is deliberate to sell this at a premium to "mainframe" customers or whether its just their marketing folk not being on the ball. Fascinated by the fact Japan has a 2nm process node but I suspect that too is marketing. Perhaps the 2nm portion of the chip is done at TSMC and the rest of the package done in Japan or something like that. It's not like there's a plethora of 2nm Fabs around the planet to choose from.
It looks to me like it is an AI optimized HPC CPU and while HPC CPUs are actually quite fast, they are not particularly well suited for transformer based neural networks.

It's weird that they don't give out any of the interesting numbers like number of memory channels, how much SRAM they have (CPUs tend to have more of it) or what their expected performance is going to be.

(comment deleted)
Reading of JASM (TSMC/Sony subsidiary) it seems they're planning on producing at least 3nm chips there in their expansion plans.
If they didn't mention SVE2, I wouldn't have known either... that would make it arm9 at the earliest...
Quick Google result is it’s basically a Neoverse V2 system, so yeah, armv9.

Edit: it’s funny because this article from 2021 mentioned Fujisu precisely https://siliconangle.com/2021/03/30/arm-unveils-armv9-archit...

That was regarding the HPC Fugaku , this is next generation
No it is not at all Neoverse V2, which is obsolete and has much lower performance.

It is a custom Armv9.3-A design (same ISA like the Arm C1 CPUs from the flagship smartphones of 2026), but it has double-width execution units for SVE2 (i.e. 256-bit width, vs. 128-bit for the other Arm CPUs) and it has some ISA extensions for AI/ML, e.g. instructions for inference with FP8 (BF16 is already supported by the standard Arm ISA).

Monaka-X will include SME2 but it didn't make the cut for first-gen Monaka
They actually do not in that article. I had to look elsewhere to find that out. Weird, one would expect that a big announcement like this would probably need to be vetted against licensing agreements with Arm that would probably want that fact to be prominently highlighted in press releases.
It is in the article - they cite "SVE2" support
Yeah, searched the page for common architectures (x86,arm and Sparc since it was Fujitsu) since it'd seem silly to use a totally novel architecture but didn't find anything until noticing SVE2.
Interesting to note that Fujitsu did this when the SPARC architecture was popular: they enhanced/developed a CPU for the same ABI.

Seems they have decided they don’t want to create their own architecture, but take the popular architecture and build on it.

Thanks kinda how Japan works. Inventing something new is hard, but taking something that's a cool idea and making it actually usable is well within their wheelhouse.

See: - Blue LEDs - Quartz Watches - Lithium-ion Batteries - Bidets

I'm sure there's plenty of other stuff invented in Japan, but that's really beside the point.

The industry is now mature enough that nobody really wants the headache of a new architecture at this point in time, Risc-V got a pass for being a grassroots movement growing out off FPGA's since the IP situation was more or less clear or even predatory with all existing architectures, Power, Sparc,SuperH,68k,etc are buried for good reasons.

UC Berkeley developed RISC-V, so no doubt their influence within the computer science academia sphere had something to do with it.
I had this idea that Fujitsu was one of those Japanese conglomerates that had operations in all kinds of markets, from electronics to heavy earth moving equipment to air conditioners to locomotives. But that doesn't appear to be the case so I'm wondering which company I'm confusing them with.
Sun invented SPARC, Fujitsu just happened to be the last producer since they built mainframes on it. Reading it seems like they plan to stop producing Sparc processors and machines in a near timeframe so that makes this announcement less surprising.
For many years the Fujitsu SPARC implementations were much faster than the Sun SPARC implementations.

During the decade 1995-2005, until the 64-bit AMD Opteron servers with Linux offered an alternative that crushed any kind of SPARC CPU with Solaris by a much higher performance combined with a much lower price, the SPARC Sun or Fujitsu servers dominated the market for servers used to host the CAD/EDA design tools used in electronics engineering, for the design of integrated circuits or electronic equipment. This means that all the EDA software from vendors like Mentor, Cadence, Synopsis etc. was available only for Solaris. That kind of software could not be run on Windows, due to the 32-bit memory limit. During that time, whoever got Fujitsu servers instead of the sluggish Sun servers, was very lucky.

Not mentioning the architecture is rather strange. Being Fujitsu I'd expect SPARC, but apparently not. Maybe we're reaching a point where some circles either don't care or just defaults to ARM?

Obviously they can just ignore the license in the future and continue development out of a local branch, but it's also a bit disingenuous to speak of "sovereign infrastructure" and then use licensed processor design.

Fujitsu dropped SPARC for HPC ~seven years ago with their A64fx. That's where ARM SVE comes from in the first place.
Yes but it's their own design, not licensing Arm cores.
Thanks. Looked for that in the article and couldn't find it.

What are the GPU capabilities?

Fujitsu has a long history of designing their own micro but using a standard ISA for HPC. Used to be SPARC, now it is ARM. IIRC Fujitsu were the main architects behind the SVE ARM extension.
But Arm is owned by SoftBank, a Japanese conglomerate.

(I think Japanese sovereignty is the main point of the article.)

Iam very curious as to how well it'll perform outside of Asia.
Performance would probably be the same regardless of where you run the CPU.
Fun fact, Fujitsu used to run their own fabs in Japan until they were sold to UMC and now they're another UMC fab although they are stuck at like the 20nm node. So this is likely made at JASM.
It's 2nm, so it has to be manufactured by TSMC.
I would assume they want to switch to rapidus asap once it comes online
Where are the CPUs fabbed? They make a big deal about "sovereign" but is the CPU actually made in Japan, or do they rely on TSMC?

Also odd how big an emphasis they put on AI inference when they don't build the GPU?

Their CPUs are faster at inference than many GPUs. These are server CPUs with 144 cores and wide memory interface.

Fujitsu has added some ISA extensions for AI inference to the standard Arm ISA, e.g. instructions for inference with FP8.

Even their previous CPU generation was for some time the champion in energy efficiency, with better performance per watt than the NVIDIA GPUs, until a newer generation of NVIDIA GPUs has leapfrogged them.

There are good chances that this new Fujitsu CPU might be again for some time the CPU with the best energy efficiency, but it remains to be seen how it compares with the recent GPUs.

Would be cool to get ahold of one of these in the US.

I do find it odd that the 2U model has less storage capacity than the 1U on their chart. That doesn't make much sense to me.

The two made-in-Japan, premium grade, Fujitsu laptops I had to work with were by far the worse pieces of electronic I have ever used. Both exhibited identical defects: fans running continuously at maximum speed, and the batteries would completely die within hours of the devices being powered off. Windows or Linux. And don't talk about that tiny unresponsive trackpad to me. Never again.
Their consumer electronics arm is completely unrelated and also majority owned by Lenovo
I was about to say if they hadn't said it was a Fujitsu laptop I would have guessed it was a ThinkPad. Describes my experience with a P1 exactly.
Reaching further back, the Sylistic line was mostly quite good/durable, and I still use my Stylstic ST-4110 when I need to use an old scanner or control a CNC machine on my back deck when cutting tropical hardwoods.

Really miss the transflective display and wish that there were newer devices with such technology

What year? The ones I had were the best. Very expensive, but service at the office & at home, very sturdy, very long battery life. That was somewhere early 2000s.
2012 and 2017 Celsius H. Very expensive and both maxed up but those fans always running even with limited usage made them the worse to use.
I just have Fujitsu Lifebooks at Home since 2007. I think they are good, came with a bloat free Windows. I bought even one for my Mom over 10 years ago. I just changed once the HDD with a SSD. Now all my Lifebook run with Linux just flawless.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Post_Office_scandal

Their software is so poor that it caused probably the biggest miscarriage of justice in history. Well that and Fujitsu staff colluding with post office executives to put innocent people in prison rather than admit there was a problem

(comment deleted)
The 'Fujitsu' that made the shitty software was a British consulting company that was acquired by Fujitsu [1] to farm public contracts. This is made by the Japanese parent company.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Computers_Limite...

It is ultimately Fujitsu responsibility.
It doesn't seem that way to me. I'm inclined to think that the British consulting company created the problem, seeing as I've seen great things come from Fujitsu, and only just learned of this company. If some execs at Fujitsu were willfully involved, it hardly raises it to my standard of boycotting a megacorp with all the other corporate wrongs I hear about.
Not trying to be obnoxious, but it's still Fujitsu.
I'm surprised at the downvotes for this, does anyone think I'm misrepresenting the facts? I genuinely don't think I am.
I think what's most notable about this for me is the reduced environmental impact. The specifications list liquid-cooling as optional and it highlights the CPU as the main processor instead of a power hungry GPU. My takeaway is that the next generation of AI HPC's will focus more heavily on sustainable operations.
One problem we’re going to have with AI hardware is coming up with a standard set of specifications that are comparable. I don’t really care about the CPU GHz and the memory bandwidth, at least not directly. What I really want to know is how many tokens per second this will deliver, but that also depends on the model. We need a standard metric for that. Perhaps we agree on a specific open weight model (e.g. GLM 5.3 Flash or Qwen vWhatever) and then measure TPS on the hardware of interest.
> I don’t really care about the CPU GHz and the memory bandwidth ... What I really want to know is how many tokens per second this will deliver

There is a fairly direct link between the two numbers. You can predict the latter from former reasonably well

I feel like even TPS is becoming less of a good metric as we're seeing certain models handle similar problems while burning far fewer tokens.
I always heard of GB/s as most important number ... AI told me their 8800 MT/s on 8 Byte, 12 DDR5-Channels means 845 GB/s. A Nvidia RTX 4090 has 1008 GB/s. Nvidia B200 has 8000 GB/s. Is this the right way of looking at it?
Wow a corporate TLD in a wild, never seen this outside of the erstwhile domains.google
there's quite a few

like:

- home.kpmg - global.honda

and probably more I forgot about

but as you can see, they're pretty terrible for replacing .com domains

Funny they have money to buy TLD or even develop such a fancy CPU, but don't have money to compensate people affected by Post Office scandal.
I fail to see how they will take a significant market share or even break even on this venture.

It's an overcrowded market. Far better would be to focus on semiconductor supply chain, which Japan already supplies some elements, to sell to fabs.

Because the bottleneck is the fabs. If a new 2 nm fab came online today, it would immediately sell all its capacity to 2030 no problem, without Fujitsu trying this gambit.

It's not 'sovereign', the architecture is not designed in Japan, the silicon is not fabbed in Japan. This whole thing is sideways.

> I fail to see how they will take a significant market share or even break even on this venture.

Doesn't matter. You have to start somewhere and this is a good start.

Japan historically behaves as if they have nukes and need a totally sovereign HPC capability to support their stockpile.
It's a custom Fujitsu micro-architecture.
>the architecture is not designed in Japan

The text says "next-generation CPU, FUJITSU-MONAKA, designed and developed in Japan".

Every developed country is going to push for their own homemade chips. Japan used to make Sparc CPU's back in the day. Probably many others I'm not aware of.
Every developed country except Australia, perhaps. This government is atrocious. The record for highest number of bureaucrats per capita in the world is owned by Australia. All they know how to do is tax people. All the wealthy people have left, or are leaving.
> The record for highest number of bureaucrats per capita in the world is owned by Australia

You have been convinced by fake news, please recheck this claim, its false.

> wealthy people

*rich people

> All they know how to do is tax people

Oh god you're one of those. People who complain about taxes have historically been on the wrong side of arguments.

> Oh god you're one of those. People who complain about taxes have historically been on the wrong side of arguments.

Oh you're one of those. The arrogance is astounding. You never been a country which overly taxes it's citizens and squanders the gains on bureaucracy and monetary black holes? Grow up, your ideological blind spots are making you look like a fool.

I've been calling for high-multicore CPUs (at least 100 cores) with local memories for a quarter century now. No winners so far.

A Pentium 4 hit 3.8 GHz longer than that ago in 2004, so that's not special. And the estimated price will be $7,000-10,000, which isn't special either since that's about 10x more than it should be.

Hot take: GPUs disrupted the CPU industry to such a degree that CPUs never recovered, and like the k-shaped economy, the current status quo only serves a small fraction of customers. We can and should do better, but sadly we won't. Still, it's good that Fujitsu did this, for the competition if nothing else.

Back in 2008 Fujitsu has one of the best performing 10Gbps Switches. We were building 40 Gbps packet sniffers at Google (4x 10 Gbps NICs) and needed switches that could do things like mirror traffic across ports at line rate. Fujitsu was way ahead of the pack. I always wondered what held them back from building a meaningful networking business in the US.
Lobbying/bribes. Same as always. Or was that rhetorical?
The other sort of network, ironically.
Do you mind elaborating?

This is the first time ever I am hearing of Fujitsu being involved in any bribing/lobbying controversy in the US (whether as a victim or an offender), and I doubt I am the only user in this thread in this position.

Unless it is a very well-known controversy, I feel like there is a need for extra context here. I am not even asking for anything of the "proof beyond any reasonable doubt" nature, I simply want to understand what you are trying to reference.

> I always wondered what held them back from building a meaningful networking business in the US.

It was just timing. Their networking gear was built on some very impressive ASICs which became commodity chips a few years later. Arista et al ate their lunch using other vendors’ IP.

Another broadcom related tragedy
Having a us based vendor. Fujitsu is huge in Asia for ISPs and so is Mitsubishi and Sumitomo (yes they made or used to make network equipment too)
>We were building 40 Gbps packet sniffers at Google (4x 10 Gbps NICs) and needed switches that could do things like mirror traffic across ports at line rate

I'm sure there were good reaasons for this, but man this just sounds bad. Like that's the spec I think NSA must give to their contractors outfitting 611 Folsom Street's Room 641A

Nah, packet mirroring is a standard networking feature and ideally every feature is line rate.
Indeed. Juniper had this over 20 years ago.
It does sound bad the way OP described it, but packet or HTTP mirroring is a standard feature of A/B testing and blue-green deployments of a very critical code. Mirror traffic between version 1 and 2, then compare response body, response time and return response A to the end users.
Port mirroring is the network engineer's equivalent of using breakpoints in a debugger for a programmer. It allows you to inspect what happens on the wire to get a clue for what's wrong.
Will it lock up thousands of innocent self-employed post office contractors as part of its instruction set?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Post_Office_scandal

Conglomerates in general, and especially Japanese ones, are heterogeneous enough that those are basically two different companies. The British "Fujitsu" was an acquisition that I'm certain they now deeply, deeply regret.

(Which in no way excuses their utter evil.)

If anyone is curious and want to skip all the PR talk:

>Combined with SVE2 vector operations and software optimization,

It’s ARMv9.

I wonder how many cores they plan to cram in there, at least like 256 right?
I hoped it would be SPARC.
Why did they bury the lede so much on what the ISA is?
Funny first thing I did was to search 'arm' and I got 1 result at the bottom of the page.
Hipe they'll be affordable
If they can’t build real enterprise sales and software support outside Japan, it’s just another cool Arm chip no one can actually buy
Here's are more detailed presentations about the Monaka CPU:

wccftech summary: https://wccftech.com/fujitsus-monaka-chip-3d-stacks-2nm-cpu-...

2026: https://global.fujitsu/-/media/Project/Fujitsu/Fujitsu-HQ/te...

2023: https://global.fujitsu/-/media/Project/Fujitsu/Fujitsu-HQ/te...

FugakuNEXT, the supercomputer it will be used in, also some details about the next-gen Monaka-X: https://global.fujitsu/-/media/Project/Fujitsu/Fujitsu-HQ/te...

For a single CPU: 844.8 GB/s memory bandwidth (12 channels of DDR5 RDIMM, 8800MT/s). 4.3-6 TFLOPS.

Basically comparable to a modern GPU, so good for HPC & AI workloads. (though only 2 CPUs per node, with GPUs 4-8 is more common)

Thanks for clarifying why this makes sense for inference.
For anyone not familiar with Fujitsu's CPUs, worth noting their overall long history with HPC, and more recently, ARM. FugakuNEXT is "NEXT" because the current Fugaku (#1 on TOP500 for a time, and still in the top 10) also used an ARM CPU from Fujitsu.
Could someone knowledgeable please explain why an AI-focused CPU is superior to a GPU-based solution with an ARM CPU driving the high-level operations, please, especially when the RAM isn't on-chip?

I know that for GPU's the model weights have to be transferred over the bus initially, but that only has to occur once for inference use cases, so is the Fujitsu system more about training scenarios? Or is the focus more about efficiency, as these are ARM-based cores with AI additions?

Anyone have idea the likely cost range?

    Fujitsu MONAKA Server will be
    made broadly available from 
    November 2026 to data center 
    operators, enterprises, and 
    the academic and HPC sectors 
    in Japan and Europe, as well 
    as to the defense sector, 
    contributing to national 
    security.
So, not in America. A sign of the geopolitical times? If so, a very unusual one to come out of Japan.